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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Automatic breast-line and pectoral muscle segmentation
    Autorzy:
    Czaplicka, Kamila
    Włodarczyk, Helene
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1373465.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    pectoral muscle
    breast boundary
    mammogram
    segmentation
    Opis:
    Pre-processing of mammograms is a crucial step in computer-aided analysis systems. The aim of segmentation is to extract a breast region by estimation of a breast skin-line and a pectoral muscle as well as removing radiographic artifacts and the background of the mammogram. Knowledge of the breast contour also allows further analysis of breast abnormalities such as bilateral asymmetry. In this paper we propose a fully automatic algorithm for segmentation of a breast region, based on two types of global image thresholding: the multi-level Otsu and minimizing the measure of fuzziness as well as the gradient estimation and linear regression. The results of our experiments showed that our method can be used to find a breast line and a pectoral muscle accurately
    Źródło:
    Schedae Informaticae; 2011, 20; 195-209
    0860-0295
    2083-8476
    Pojawia się w:
    Schedae Informaticae
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dylematy ograniczania miopatii mięśni piersiowych typu DPM u kurcząt brojlerów
    Dilemmas of limitation of DPM-type pectoral muscle myopathy in broiler chickens
    Autorzy:
    Kijowski, J.
    Kupinska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/825830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Technologów Żywności
    Tematy:
    kurczeta brojlery
    miesnie piersiowe
    miopatie
    DMP zob.deep pectoral myopathy
    deep pectoral myopathy
    anomalie
    ograniczanie myopatii
    profilaktyka
    Opis:
    Postęp genetyczny w hodowli kurcząt brojlerów przyczynia się do wzrostu opłacalności tego działu produkcji rolnej. Równocześnie obserwuje się nowe zjawisko – występowanie wielu schorzeń metabolicznych, układu kostnego i mięśni. Szczególnym tego przykładem jest anomalia mięśni piersiowych kurcząt brojlerów zwana deep pectoral myopathy (DPM). Celem pracy było kompleksowe przeanalizowanie problemu miopatii musculus pectoralis minor, w tym rozpoznanie objawów DPM, częstotliwości, przyczyn i możliwości ograniczania anomalii. Zmiany charakterystyczne dla rozwoju DPM to początkowo krwawe wybroczyny, obrzęki, różowe zabarwienie pectoralis minor, a w późniejszych fazach zielona i zielono-szara barwa mięśni z objawami martwicy. Częstotliwość występowania miopatii zależy od wielu czynników. W Polsce, wśród dużych populacji kurcząt brojlerów stwierdzono natężenie od 0,15 do 0,9 %, ale także przypadki do 1,9 %. Podobne natężenie obserwowano w kilku krajach UE. W USA częstotliwość występowania DPM oceniono średnio na 0,7 %, ale znane są również przypadki na poziomie od 3 do nawet 17 %. Straty ekonomiczne z tytułu utylizowania mięśni piersiowych mniejszych oraz ograniczonej przydatności użytkowej i technologicznej mięśni większych są znaczące. Doświadczalne stymulowanie wymuszonego i kontrolowanego trzepotania skrzydłami u szybko rosnących komercyjnych linii genetycznych Ross i Hubbard Flex wywołało pojawianie się symptomów DPM. Analiza ryzyka występowania DPM pozwoliła ustalić, że selekcja stada, naruszenie hierarchii stada (więcej niż jednorazowy odbiór ptaków z tego samego pomieszczenia), hałasy, dźwięki w pobliżu wychowalni są czynnikami największego ryzyka w warunkach produkcji krajowej na fermach.
    Genetic improvement in the raising of broiler chickens contributes to the increase in effectiveness of this agricultural production branch. At the same time, a new phenomenon is reported: the occurrence of numerous metabolic disorders and diseases of the bone and muscle systems. A particular example thereof is the anomaly of pectoral muscles in broiler chickens referred to as deep pectoral myopathy (DPM). The objective of the paper was to analyze the issue of myopathy of musculus pectoralis minor including the identification of DPM symptoms, frequency, causes, and possibility to limit this anomaly. Changes typical of developing DPM are, initially: ecchymoses, edemas, pink colouring of m. pectoralis minor, and, during subsequent phases, green and greenish-grey muscle colouring with symptoms of necrosis. The occurrence frequency of myopathy depends on many factors. It was found that in Poland the incidence rate in large populations of broiler chickens ranged from 0.15% to 0.9%, and, also, in some cases, to 1.9%. A similar intensity was also recorded in several EU countries. In the USA, the frequency of incidence was estimated to be 0.7% on average, although some cases are known with a rate ranging from 3 to as much as 17%. There are considerable economic losses owing to the utilisation of m. pectoralis minor as well as to the reduced value in use by consumers and the reduced technological usefulness of m. pectoralis major. The experimental forced and controlled wing flapping in fast-growing commercial Ross and Hubbard Flex genetic lines caused the DPM symptoms to occur. Based on the risk analysis of DPM occurrence, it was possible to determine that the flock selection, disturbance in the flock hierarchy (unsynchronized removal of birds from the same facility/birds are picked up from the same facility more than once), noise, and sounds near the rearing unit are factors to cause the highest risk in the chicken production on the Polish commercial poultry farms.
    Źródło:
    Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość; 2013, 20, 6
    1425-6959
    Pojawia się w:
    Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of accumulation of fluorine compounds in selected tissues of laying hens depending on the distance from sources of pollutant emissions in Central Pomerania, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Bombik, E.
    Bombik, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192784.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie / Polskie Towarzystwo Magnezologiczne im. Prof. Juliana Aleksandrowicza
    Tematy:
    fluorine compounds
    laying hens
    pectoral muscles
    liver
    breastbones
    Opis:
    The research aim was to evaluate the levels of contamination with fluorine compounds in selected tissues of laying hens kept in a free range system in Central Pomerania (Poland) in relation to the distance from contaminant emission sources. The study covered 60, randomly selected, two-year-old laying hens on 6 farms. Fluorine levels in tissues of laying hens were determined with the potentiometric method using an ion-selective electrode from ORION. The results for the tissues and organs, such as pectoral muscles, livers and breastbones, were investigated with an analysis of variance, the Tukey’s test and linear correlation coefficients. The analyses revealed a higher mean fluorine compound content in the pectoral muscles, livers and breastbones of laying hens in zone 1, located 50 km to the west of the contaminant emission sources, than in zone 2, situated between 80 and 100 km to the west of the pollution sources. Fluorine compound levels in the pectoral muscles of zone 1 birds were almost twice as high in hens from experimental zone 2 (respectively: 1.835 mg kg-1 of DM and 0.978 mg kg-1 of DM). A statistically significantly higher average content of fluorine compounds (4.92 mg kg-1 of DM) was found in the liver of laying hens in zone 1, nearer to the sources of fluorine compounds emission compared to zone 2 (3.34 mg kg-1 of DM). The mean fluorine compounds content in the breastbones of hens in zone 1 was more than 4 times as high as the level of this element identified in the bones of hens kept in zone 2 (respectively: 765 mg kg-1 of DM and 183 mg kg-1 of DM). A significant positive correlation was confirmed between fluorine compound levels in the breastbones and pectoral muscles. The lower level of fluorine compounds in the examined tissues of laying hens in zone 2 could have been influenced by the dominant west and south wind, which limited the spread of pollution. This may also be due to the lower level of fluorine compounds in soil and feed for laying hens in this zone determined in previous studies. The study showed that the closer the sources of emissions of fluorine compounds, the more fluoride in hard tissues of hens’ bodies.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Elementology; 2021, 26, 1; 75-85
    1644-2296
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Elementology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The scapulocoracoid of an Early Triassic stem-frog from Poland
    Autorzy:
    Borsuk-Bialynicka, M
    Evans, S.E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20856.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    scapulocoracoid
    Triassic
    Polska
    pectoral girdle
    Anura
    Triadobatrachus
    stem-frog
    Salientia
    Early Triassic
    paleontology
    Czatkowice
    Opis:
    The scapulocoracoid of Czatkobatrachus polonicus Evans and Borsuk−Białynicka, 1998, a stem−frog from the Early Triassic karst locality of Czatkowice (Southern Poland), is described. The overall type of scapulocoracoid is plesiomorphic, but the subcircular shape and laterally oriented glenoid is considered synapomorphic of Salientia. The supraglenoid foramen is considered homologous to the scapular cleft of the Anura. In Czatkobatrachus, the supraglenoid foramen occupies an intermediate position between that of the early tetrapod foramen and the scapular cleft of Anura. The cleft scapula is probably synapomorphic for the Anura. In early salientian phylogeny, the shift in position of the supraglenoid foramen may have been associated with an anterior rotation of the forelimb. This change in position of the forelimb may reflect an evolutionary shift from a mainly locomotory function to static functions (support, balance, eventually shock−absorption). Laterally extended limbs may have been more effective than posterolateral ones in absorbing landing stresses, until the specialised shock−absorption pectoral mechanism of crown−group Anura had developed. The glenoid shape and position, and the slender scapular blade, of Czatkobatrachus, in combination with the well−ossified joint surfaces on the humerus and ulna, all support a primarily terrestrial rather than aquatic mode of life. The new Polish material also permits clarification of the pectoral anatomy of the contemporaneous Madagascan genus Triadobatrachus.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2002, 47, 1
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    [Recenzja]: Katarzyna Bogacka,Ornamenta episcoporum. Społeczna historia i symbolika insygniów biskupich na ziemiach polskich 1801-1919, t. 1, Wydawnictwo Neriton, Warszawa 2021, ss. 388, ISBN: 978-83-6601-896-9; t. 2, Wydawnictwo Neriton, Warszawa 2021, ss. 250, ISBN: 978-83-6601-897-6
    Autorzy:
    Letkiewicz, Ewa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33327775.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
    Tematy:
    bishop's insignia
    crosier
    bishop's ring
    miter
    pectoral
    insygnia biskupie
    pastorał
    pierścień biskupi
    mitra
    pektorał
    Źródło:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2023, 120; 565-570
    0518-3766
    2545-3491
    Pojawia się w:
    Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Functional morphology and biomechanics of the cynodont Trucidocynodon riograndensis from the Triassic of Southern Brazil: Pectoral girdle and forelimb
    Autorzy:
    de Oliveira, T.V.
    Schultz, C.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20204.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    functional morphology
    biomechanics
    cynodont
    Trucidocynodon riograndensis
    Cynodontia
    Trucidocynodon
    limb posture
    Carnian
    Triassic
    Brazil
    pectoral girdle
    forelimb
    Opis:
    Non-mammalian cynodonts provide insights on several points about mammalian evolution, such as the postural change and locomotory advances within the group. Unfortunately, complete skeletons of Triassic cynodonts are rather uncommon and where more complete specimens are found they can offer a global vision on some traits not available from partial specimens. This is the case of the cynodont Trucidocynodon riograndensis, from the Triassic of Brazil, that has preserved its forelimbs providing some insights into locomotory properties. The movements between interclavicle and clavicle must have been limited, as such as those occurring between the latter and the scapulocoracoid although the long acromion process of this should have permitted a greater degree of freedom. Some of the more significant movements were those on the shoulder joint, in which the maximum adduction should have been ca. 35º relative to the parasagittal plane and the greater abduction ca. 55º. The maximum adduction occurred when the humerus was in the more retracted position during stride and the variation in the adduction/abduction should have been significant to the limb posture during its recovery stroke. The long olecranon and the distal overlapping between radius and ulna suggest the predominance of simple flexion/extension on the forearm without significant pronation/supination. The poorly preserved hand suggests that Trucidocynodon could have evolved a slight semidigitigrad condition in its forelimbs. All these features give to this cynodont an important role in the evolution of the mammalian locomotory properties indicating that some features, such as the possibility of greater humeral adduction, evolved early in cynodont lineage.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2016, 61, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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