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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Harmful exhaust components and particles mass and number emission during the actual drive of a passenger car in accordance with the RDE procedure
    Autorzy:
    Sokolnicka, Barbara
    Fuć, Paweł
    Szymlet, Natalia
    Siedlecki, Maciej
    Grzeszczyk, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134096.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    RDE procedure
    particulate mass
    particulate number
    exhaust emission
    direct injection
    procedura RDE
    masa cząstek stałych
    liczba cząstek stałych
    emisja spalin
    wtrysk bezpośredni
    Opis:
    The article presents toxic exhaust components emission measurement results as well as solid particles mass and number. The test involved a direct gasoline injection engine, in which special attention should be paid to the particulates number emission. Small diameters of nanoparticles make them particularly dangerous to human health. Nowadays, vehicle engines are constantly improved and modernized as a result of the need to meet existing exhaust gas emission standards. One of the few ways to determine the actual content of toxic and harmful compounds in the exhaust gases is the RDE (Real Driving Emissions) procedure, the requirements of which apply from 2016 for new vehicles, and from 2019 will apply to all registered passenger cars. The RDE procedure does not replace the WLTP (World Light-Duty Vehicle Test Procedure), but complements it. The tests on the dynamometer are separated from external conditions such as traffic volume or congestion and are not a sufficient indicator of emissions in real traffic conditions.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 3; 198-202
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Seasonal variation of the elemental composition of particulate matter collected in a small town near Warszawa, Poland
    Autorzy:
    Samek, L.
    Lankosz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147078.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    air pollution
    particulate matter
    mass concentrations
    elemental concentrations
    EDXRF
    Opis:
    Four seasonal sampling campaigns successively in April, July, September 2008 and February 2009 took place at Świder, a town located to the south-east of Warszawa, Poland. Three particle size fractions of particulate matter were collected by a NILU (The Norwegian Institute for Air Protection, Norway) sampler. The following elements were determined by the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) method: K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Br and Pb. The highest mean mass concentrations in fine and medium fractions were observed in April 2008 and February 2009. For a coarse fraction, the highest values of mass concentrations were observed in April and September 2008. Ca, Mn and Fe existed mainly in the coarse fraction. These elements probably came from the southern direction. Zn was divided between three fractions equally. In February 2009 the highest Zn concentrations were observed in the medium fraction. Pb existed mainly in the fine and medium fractions. The highest values of Pb concentrations were observed in February 2009. Bromium existed in the fine fraction. Correlations were observed between Ca, Mn and Fe concentrations. Correlation factors were about 0.8 for the coarse fraction. For other analyzed elements, the correlation coefficients were small. Basing on the backward trajectories and elemental concentrations of particulate matter (PM), it was confirmed that in winter the main influence on air quality is caused by pollution coming from coal combustion in local houses, heat and power plants working in urban areas. In summer the main influence on air quality is caused by pollution from sources in rural cultivable areas. The improvement of air quality is possible by decreasing the emission, using coal with a small level of harmful compounds and whole elimination of plant preventive agents and using fertilizers with a small content of unwanted elements.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 1; 57-64
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Inherent optical properties and particulate matter distribution in summer season in waters of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen
    Autorzy:
    Sagan, S.
    Darecki, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49136.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    inherent optical property
    particulate matter
    vertical structure
    summer season
    Atlantic water
    Hornsund
    Kongsfjorden
    Spitsbergen
    hydrological regime
    water mass
    water column
    Opis:
    Two Spitsbergen fjords, Hornsund and Kongsfjorden, are known for being under different hydrological regimes. The first is cold, separated from warm Atlantic water by East Spitsbergen Current, while Kongsfjorden is frequently penetrated by relatively warm Atlantic water. On the other hand, both are under strong influence of water discharge from glaciers and land freshwater input. During the period of observation in both fjords a dominant water mass was Surface Water, which originates mainly from glacial melt. The presence of suspended matter introduced with melt water in Surface Water is reflected by highest values of light attenuation and absorption coefficients recorded in areas close to glacier both in Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. In Hornsund the maximum light attenuation coefficient cpg(555) was 5.817 m−1 and coefficient of light absorption by particles ap(676) = 0.10 m−1. In Kongsfjorden the corresponding values were 26.5 m−1 and 0.223 m−1. In Kongsfjorden suspended matter of the size class 20–200 μm dominated over fractions smaller than 20 μm while in Hornsund dominating size fraction was 2–20 μm. The results provide an evidence of considerable range of variability of the optical properties mainly due to glacial and riverine runoff. The scale of variability of particulate matter in Kongsfjorden is bigger than in Hornsund. Most of the variability in Hornsund can be attributed to glaciers discharge and a presence of particles of mineral origin, while in Kongsfjorden the organic and mineral particles contribute almost equally to defining the optical properties of water.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 1
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of EGR control at in-cylinder pressure and ecological properties of CI off-road vehicle engine
    Autorzy:
    Bieniek, A.
    Mamala, J.
    Graba, M.
    Hennek, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133493.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    exhaust gas recirculation
    in-cylinder pressure
    mass fraction burning
    differential pressure
    nitrogen oxides
    NOx
    particulate matter
    PM
    recyrkulacja spalin
    ciśnienie w cylindrze
    spalanie frakcji masowej
    różnica ciśnień
    tlenki azotu
    cząstki stałe
    Opis:
    An attempt has been made to clarify the effect of wide-ranging control of the exhaust gas recirculation system on the cylinder pressure and ecological engine performance. This publication contains the results of tests performed on the CI (compression ignition) engine of the off-road vehicle mounted on the test bench. The study was based on advanced EGR control with a proportional valve and a very efficient exhaust gases cooling system. Analysis of the test results is based on the cylinder pressure and the concentration of NOx and PM components at exhaust gases. The study included the influence of the exhaust gas recirculation system control on parameters such as differential pressure, MBF, and relative NOx and PM emissions. As demonstrated by the analysis conducted, the EGR valve control method and the exhaust gas cooling intensity significantly affect the cylinder pressure and its ecological performance.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2017, 56, 3; 88-95
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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