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Tytuł:
Muszle – zawieszki – amulety we wczesnym średniowieczu z terenu Polski na przykładzie znalezisk z Kruszwicy
Shells – pendants – amulets from Poland in the early Middle Ages based on the finds from Kruszwica
Autorzy:
Kurzawska, Aldona
Głód, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28407571.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Kruszwica
ornaments
amulets
shells
early Middle Ages
Opis:
In this article, the author takes a closer look at the finds of sea shell ornaments in the early Middle Ages, based on artefacts discovered at two sites (Nos. 2 and 4) in Kruszwica. The four pendants in question come from settlement levels dating from the 11th to the 12th centuries. A malacological analysis suggests that the ornaments reached Kruszwica from the Mediterranean area (Acanthocardia tuberculata and Bolinus brandaris), and probably the Red Sea (Monetaria moneta), and from southern Poland (Turritella sp). These objects had been in use for a long time, as evidenced by the microtraces and damage visible on their surface. During the early medieval period, among the various species of shells that were ‘imports’, money cowrie shell ornaments with the most ‘exotic’ origins were the most common in Europe. It is highly probable that during this period of time, they were used in the exchange/trade and their value as a female symbol object and an amulet. Most likely, the shell pendants reached Kruszwica via trade routes that have been previously documented, alongside other artifacts. These ornaments provide additional evidence of long-distance trade.
Źródło:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim; 2023, 64; 221-241
0080-9993
Pojawia się w:
Slavia Antiqua: rocznik poświęcony starożytnościom słowiańskim
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of wood in the Baltic courses architecture on the example of Binz in Ruges
Autorzy:
Bręczewska-Kulesza, Daria
Wieloch, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24072348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
resort architecture
wood, balconies
loggias
verandas
ornaments
Opis:
Use of wood in the Baltic courses architecture on the example of Binz in Ruges. The town of Binz is a great example of a comprehensive renovation of a town built in a spa style using wood. Made of wood, balconies, loggias, porches, gables, half-timbered constructions of fragments or even entire floors of buildings, combined with various architectural elements, referring to different stylistic formations, creates a perfectly matching conglomerate of forms despite each other's diversity and the surrounding nature. Thanks to the forms of decoration used, the frontage of the building looks harmonious. Laurel ornaments give them a specific beauty that allows you to break away from reality and encourages relaxation. Accents in the landscape, especially variety of villas, prevent fatigue and add expression to the whole building giving desire to just watch them. However, without the use of wood usually painted white, this would never have been achieved. That is why they were often called "white pearls of the Baltic".
Wykorzystanie drewna w architekturze kurortów nadbałtyckich na przykładzie miasta Binz w Rugii. W artykule omówiono rolę drewna w architekturze kurortowej na przykładzie miasta Binz w Rugii. Dzięki pieczołowitej renowacji oraz odtworzeniu detalu budynków w Binz udało się zachować dawny klimat, harmonię sielankowej architektury zgodnej z naturą, dzięki zastosowaniu drewna do budowy czy wykończenia i elementów dekoracyjnych budynków. Binz jest świetnym przykładem dużego znaczenia drewna, jako materiału o szerokim zastosowaniu w architekturze kurortowej, niezależnie od ogólnej stylistyki budynków. Problematyka została omówiona na tle zagadnień dotyczących popularyzacji architektury drewnianej i stylów narodowych w XIX stuleciu.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2019, 107; 104--114
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sztuka użytkowa awangardy rosyjskiej (wzornictwo tekstyliów i projektowanie ubiorów)
Functional art. Of Russian avant-garde (textile and clothes design)
Прикладное искусство русского авангарда (дизайн тканей и проектирование одежды)
Autorzy:
Bobilewicz, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50392324.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-08-21
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Russian avant-garde artists
textile design ornaments
Opis:
The subject of the analysis is the Russian avant‑garde art of textile and clothes design as a manifestation of the artists’ desire for a change of the aesthetics of the surrounding environment and as an innovative form of artistic expression. Two models of textile and clothes design are discussed on the basis of works by supremacists (K. Malewicz, N. Sujetin, I. Czasznik), constructivists (W. Tatlin, A. Rodczenko, El Lissitzsky, O. Rozanowa, W. Stiepanowa, L. Popowa, A. Ekster, N. Gonczarowa, S. Delaunay, etc.) and textile artists employed by textileindustry (W. Masłow, S. Burylin, M. Anufriewa, W. Łotonina, etc.). Apart from decorative textile art inspired by painting, which is described as abstract, geometrical design, there is also thematic and programme design based on propaganda motifs and visual narration which refers to important events and changes that took place in Russia in the 1920s and 1930s. Both models of textile and clothes design, which interpenetrate and complement each other, are shaped by cultural dialogue based on binary models: canonical — non‑canonical,traditional — modern, rationalist — irrational (autonomy of creative consciousness), work — fashionable, male — female, manufactured — high‑technology, unique — mass‑produced.At the level of theory and artistic practice textile design is determined by such factors as: the concept of blurred boundaries between art and life, beauty and utility, Malewicz’s suprematist philosophy of design, constructivist and industrial theory, and formal experiments.
Źródło:
Rusycystyczne Studia Literaturoznawcze; 2016, 26; 143-158
0208-5038
2353-9674
Pojawia się w:
Rusycystyczne Studia Literaturoznawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sexual selection in the Swallow Hirundo rustica - A review
Autorzy:
Bańbura, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/764943.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
sexual dimorphism
ornaments
sexual selection
monogamy
Swallow
birds
Opis:
Darwinian theory of sexual selection and its development up to the present state of knowledge are sketched. The most important results of empirical studies on sexual selection in the Swallow Hirundo rustica are reviewed. The Swallow is a socially monogamous, slightly sexually dimorphic avian species. Long tail streamers are considered as sexual ornaments of males. Female preference for long and symmetric male tails has been inferred on both observational and experimental grounds. Experimental elongation of the tail causes short-term benefits and long-term costs in male reproductive performance. Behavioural consequences of sexual selection acting in the Swallow are discussed. An aerodynamic role of male tail streamers is also considered.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica; 2005, 2
1730-2366
2083-8484
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Biologica et Oecologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Traditional ornaments of Świdermajers’ style windows in the town of Otwock
Autorzy:
Dwornik, Marta
Różańska, Anna
Beer, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24072371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
wooden architecture
window
Świdermajer
Otwock
ornaments
architektura drewniana
okno
zdobnictwo
Opis:
The paper provides an analysis of windows in antique Świdermajers’ style wooden buildings, located in Otwock. It has been discovered that many of them have been already replaced with new ones. Attention was paid to the traditional Polish casement window structure with transom and the main part below, additionally divided into smaller areas by wooden horizontal or vertical muntins. Analysis of traditional window carpentry elements such as shutters, window sills, cornices and batten frames was made together with their classification based on different kinds of decorative motifs.
Tradycyjne zdobnictwo okien budynków w stylu świdermajer w miejscowości Otwock. W artykule dokonano analizy okien w zabytkowych budynkach drewnianych utrzymanych w stylu świdermajer, położonych w miejscowości Otwock. Ujawniono, iż wiele z nich zostało już wymienionych na nowe. Zwrócono uwagę na ościeżnicową konstrukcje okien zabytkowych oraz podział pola otworu okiennego na podślemię i nadślemię, dodatkowo rozczłonkowane krzyżowymi lub pionowymi szczeblinami. Przeanalizowane zostały tradycyjne elementy zdobnicze stolarki okiennej takie jak: nadokienniki, podokienniki, ramy okienne i okiennice oraz ich klasyfikacja ze względu na występujące motywy.
Źródło:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology; 2019, 107; 84--103
1898-5912
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ОРНАМЕНТИКА КНИГ ВОИНОВСКОГО МОНАСТЫРЯ. К ВОПРОСУ О ВРЕМЕНИ И МЕСТЕ ИЗДАНИЯ
The Omaments in the Volumes of the Old Believers’ Monastery in Wojnowo. The Time and Place of Publication
Autorzy:
Orzechowska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/444789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
Old Believers,
the monastery in Wojnowo,
liturgical volumes,
ornaments,
Grebnev’s printing house
Opis:
The article is a review of four volumes from the remaining collection of volumes in the Old Believers’ monastery in Wojnowo. The author established their place of publication on the basis of the analysis of omaments, primarily book ends, as well as comparing them with the Catalogue of ornaments from L. Grebnev’s printing house published on the Internet. 11
Źródło:
Acta Neophilologica; 2009, XI; 5-19
1509-1619
Pojawia się w:
Acta Neophilologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jünger- und spätkaiserzeitliche Metallnadeln aus dem Südteil Nordeuropas: regionale Differenzierung, Verwendung und sozialer Kontext
Autorzy:
Przybyła, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Archeologii
Tematy:
dress ornaments, Younger and Late Roman Period, Northern Europe, social diversification,
status, exogamy, elites
Opis:
The presented paper is devoted to a relatively poorly known group of artefacts, namely the metal pins which formed a typical component of female dress within the Younger and Late Roman Period in Scandi - navia. It is possible to distinguish two main kinds of objects: larger and mainly decorated silver or bronze pins and smaller ones, made of bronze, silver, gold or iron and occuring often in pairs. In both cases, more detailed typo-chronological divisions as well as further findings concerning spatial distribution or depositional context of described objects have been proposed. They led to the following conclusions: (1) within the Younger and Late Roman Period, larger metal pins were used as a head ornamentation and restricted to the rich dress of the limited group of adult females (only adultus and maturus age classes); (2) the forms and decorations of larger pins differ widely among particular regions of Scandinavia, although individual examples are known which represent foreign stylistic traditions and, in the case of some types, a tendency has been observed in the styli - stic unification during the C2–C3 phases – both phenomena may perhaps be explained as a result of marital exchanges between the elite families of different parts of the area in question; (3) small pins are characteristic particularly of Jutland and Norway during the C2–D phases; (4) they occur in “mid-wealth” female burial assemblages and in the richest male graves (only examples made of gold in this case); (5) in both contexts they can be interpreted as chest ornamentation.
Źródło:
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie; 2012, 4; 5-67
0137-3285
Pojawia się w:
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Die eingliederigen Fibeln der Almgrens VI. Gruppe in der Przeworsk-Kultur – Fibeln des Typs A 158
Autorzy:
Jakubczyk, Ireneusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442455.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Instytut Archeologii
Tematy:
dress ornaments
Younger and Late Roman Period
Northern Europe
social diversification
status
exogamy
elites
Opis:
O. Almgren in his 1897 published study on nordeuropean forms of brooches characterized known specimens from the region and classified them in seven groups. His group VI matches brooches with inverted foot as well as their derivative forms with full catch-plate. They are main forms of the late Roman and early Migrations periods Shape and form of those brooches breaks with the early Roman Period’s stilistical traditions, showind differences in construction, because catch-plate is being made by bending the foot downwards, its and is then wrapped around the bow. This key for the studies on late antiquity group of brooches is one of the less published forms of the Barbaricum. O. Almgren himself have had treated them unfairy, whereas later studies didn’t gave precise arrangements. However the homogenity of this goup of artefacts; especially type 158 characteristic for the Przeworsk Culture, have been emphasized. Therefore new classificaton of brooches of the Almgren’s VI Group with taking into consideration all of the deriverative forms and variations was an absolute necessity. It was also essential due to the significance for the chronology of early and late Roman Period. The min assumption of the paper was to work out the one piece brooches of the type 158. The method used for the division is based upon the system proposed by O. Almgren. It is still up to date, however some detailed assumptins are necessery. It is due to the fact that some of O. Almgren’s forms have been described unaccuratelly, therefore determination of arefacts according to his division in chefly uneasy. It is also imprtant to ephasize the fact that since the firt publication of Almgren’s study, the have been noted enormous growth in number of known specimens, some of them are therefore not preciselly represented in typology of the swedish scholar. Main characteristics of brooches taken under consieration by division of sub-types and variants are construction of the specific specimen, shape of the bow as well as its decoration. Such characteristics as form of ornamentation and stilistic criterion i.e. proportions of the appropriate parts of the brooch were also considered. In the process a clusters of broches with some variants within have been archieved. Main part of the paper is the classification of O. Almgren’s type 158 brooches. The study is based upon 799 specimens. The final effect of this analise is the stilistic division of variants with main goal in tighening the chronology of characterized clustes of artefacts.
Źródło:
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie; 2013-2014, 5-6; 113-218
0137-3285
Pojawia się w:
Recherches Archéologiques Nouvelle Serie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kartusze i inne ozdoby na dawnych mapach ziem polskich ze zbiorów Biblioteki Narodowej
Cartouches and other ornaments on historic maps of Polish territories from the National Library collection
Autorzy:
Przyłuska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/204430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne
Tematy:
historia
kartografia
zdobnictwo na mapach
kartusze na mapach
history
cartography
ornaments on maps
cartouches on maps
Opis:
W artykule opisano rodzaje ozdób stosowanych na mapach ziem polskich począwszy od drugiej połowy XV wieku, zwracając szczególną uwagę na kartusze. Dokonano próby ich klasyfikacji zarówno pod względem budowy i charakteru ornamentów jak i spełnianej funkcji.
Cognitive and practical roles of maps have always been accompanied by the need to make them esthe-tically attractive. Originally pictures filled unchartered territories, substituting or complementing map's contents. With the development of geographic knowledge and growing density of contents, ornaments moved to the descriptive section, adding to its esthetic value and often acting as an extra source of information. Ornaments evolved with the development of art in particular periods, following tendencies and fashions of the time. Evolution of the art of ornamentation can be observed on the example of cartouches, which are most typical of ornaments. Cartouches can be grouped according to the main type of ornamentation they contain, their main motif. They can be: brass, floral, zoomorphic, anthropomorphic (with mythological characters, figures of saints, allegorical and historical scenes, portraits) with military, architectural and heraldic motifs. In the main field of a cartouche there was usually a map title, the name of the author or addressee, the date and place of publication, scale and additional text. Therefore we can recognize the following types of cartouches: title, legend, dedicational, scale, commentary and mixed. Sometimes the function of cartouche was performed by other ornamental elements, most commonly in the form of drapes, stone boards or obelisks. Some maps were surrounded by an ornamental frame, which might contain panoramas of cities, visages of people in regional outfits, portraits, historical and mythological scenes and floral motifs. In contemporary research on historic cartography ornamentation is perceived not only as a decorative element. It constitutes a major map identification factor - it helps to distinguish particular editions and printings, helps to establish dates and edition sequence. Elaborate ornamentation disappeared from cartography in the early XlXth century, when practical function of maps, drawn according to increasingly precise measurements began to dominate the decorative function. Gradually the role of the main decorative element of maps was taken over by the elaborate lettering used for non-cartographic contents.
Źródło:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny; 2007, T. 39, nr 3, 3; 240-262
0324-8321
Pojawia się w:
Polski Przegląd Kartograficzny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wczesnośredniowieczna biżuteria zachodniosłowiańska
Early Medieval West Slavonic Jewellery
Autorzy:
Kóćka-Krenz, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/532800.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Muzeum Pierwszych Piastów na Lednicy
Tematy:
ozdoby
rzemiosło artystyczne
wczesne średniowiecze
zachodnia Słowiańszczyzna
ornaments
artistic craftsmanship
early Middle Ages
western Slavonic territory
Opis:
Ornaments worn in the Middle Ages by inhabitants of the West Slavonic territory were basically not utilitarian in their nature. They Brst of all served to satisfy aesthetic needs. Usually, they were made from non-ferrous metals, mostly from silver, but also from bronze, bronze plated with silver, or even from tin and lead. Sporadically, such ornaments were made from gold, sometimes with additions of decorative stones or organic raw materials. Finds from Ostrów Tumski and Ostrów Lednicki point out that within the main strongholds there were workshops manufacturing artefacts of artistic craftsmanship upon the order of the rulers. Ornaments which survived in archaeological materials allow for saying that their manufacturers made use of various methods, from very simple ones, consisting in cutting shapes from metal sheets, to those requiring special skills, such as Bligree and granulation techniques. Manufacturers developed some of these techniques on the basis of their own manufacturing traditions, while others were developed as a result of the adaptation of the skills of West European craftsmen in the 10GH and 11GH c. This was expressed in a wide use of high quality ornamental techniques, which were perhaps learned from the centers of European artistic craftsmanship of those days. The forms of ornaments and the way of their deposition in burials, demonstrate that particular stress was put on the decoration of the women’s heads and necks, with less attention to the hands. On the other hand, men only sporadically wore rings and necklaces or chains, which underlined their social status. A particular variety of forms can be seen in the ornaments of women’s temples. Such ornaments were attached to headgear—maidens’ headbands or veils in the case of married women. Some ornaments are typical for the entire West Slavonic territory and they are remarkable for their long time of use, with special reference to temple rings. Others were manufactured for a relatively short period of time and their use was limited to certain areas. Jewellery worn in the territory of Central-Eastern Europe fulfilled numerous aesthetic, social and symbolic functions. It completed the dress of that time; it not only decorated clothing but also requested its local nature. Furthermore, it underlined the pertinence to a given social group and one’s position in it. It also demonstrated one’s age and personal attitudes concerning the sphere of beliefs. As to its artistic level, this jewellery was only slightly inferior to the ornaments manufactured in the main cultural centres of Early Medieval Europe. This especially concerns jewellery made and worn in the 10GH and 11GH c.
Źródło:
Studia Lednickie; 2014, 13; 27-38
0860-7893
2353-7906
Pojawia się w:
Studia Lednickie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Piedad y suntuosidad: los ornamentos litúrgicos de tres colecciones limeñas
Piety and sumptuousness: the liturgical ornaments of three Lima collections
Pobożność i przepych: ozdoby liturgiczne z trzech kolekcji limeńskich
Autorzy:
Cánovas, Emma Patricia Victorio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1837335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
liturgical ornaments
silk
chasuble
textile art
peruvian art
embroidery
szaty liturgiczne
jedwab
ornat
sztuka tekstylna
sztuka peruwiańska
haft
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to contribute to the knowledge of liturgical ornaments in general, as well as to bring readers closer to understanding of the importance of the collections of the Cathedral Basilica of Lima, the San Francisco Convent and the Nazarenas Carmelitas Descalzas Monastery. These works not only present contents and particularities based on their symbolic character promoted by the Church, but also integrate plastic values of local origin.
Celem artykułu jest poszerzenie wiedzy ogólnej na temat ozdób liturgicznych, a także przybliżenie czytelnikom znaczenia zbiorów zgromadzonych w Bazylice Katedralnej, Klasztorze Św. Franciszka i Klasztorze Karmelitanek Bosych (Nazarenas) w Limie. Dzieła te nie tylko prezentują treści istotne z punktu widzenia języka symbolicznego propagowanego przez Kościół, lecz także inkorporują walory estetyczne pochodzenia lokalnego.
Źródło:
Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej; 2020, 10; 75-100
2299-260X
Pojawia się w:
Sztuka Ameryki Łacińskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Skarb z epoki brązu z Bolesławca, pow. wieruszowski
Autorzy:
Marchelak, Ireneusz
Ziąbka, Leszek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
hoard
ornaments
fibulae
interregional contacts
Phase IV of the Bronze Age
Phase V of the Bronze Age
Lusatian urnfields
Opis:
The paper presents a hoard of bronze objects from Bolesławiec, Wieruszów District, deposited within the Upper Silesian-Małopolska zone of the Lusatian urnfields. The hoard comprises ornaments and devices used to fasten clothing that are indicative of both an interregional context and local production centres. The hoard dates to Phase IV/Phase V of the Bronze Age, or perhaps a somewhat later period, and fits with the picture of complex and intense cultural processes taking place in the Upper Silesian-Małopolska zone at the time.
Źródło:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2016, 21; 235-311
0239-8524
2450-5846
Pojawia się w:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odkrycia archeologiczne w Pilicy
Archaeological Discoveries in the Pilica
Autorzy:
Andrzejowska, Mirosława
Karczmarek, Łukasz
Gan, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048953.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-20
Wydawca:
Państwowe Muzeum Archeologiczne w Warszawie
Tematy:
bransolety brązowe
wzory zdobnicze
ozdoby typu kujawskiego
okres halsztacki
kultura łużycka
bronze bracelets
decoration patterns
Kuyavian ornaments
Hallstatt Period
Lusatian Culture
Opis:
W lipcu 2019 roku w korycie rzeki Pilicy, niedaleko jej ujścia do Wisły, przypadkowo odkryto spiralną bransoletę brązową i ułamek starożytnego naczynia glinianego. Zabytki wydobyto z dna rzeki, przy południowym brzegu niewielkiej piaszczystej wysepki, położonej pomiędzy wsiami Pilica, gm. Warka, pow. grójecki i Boguszków, gm. Magnuszew, pow. kozienicki (Ryc. 1, 2). W wyniku profesjonalnych badań archeologicznych, przeprowadzonych z udziałem ekipy nurków-archeologów, w bezpośrednim sąsiedztwie pierwszego znaleziska pozyskano jeszcze dziesięć fragmentów starożytnych naczyń glinianych (Ryc. 3). Zbiór ułamków ceramiki składa się z dwóch den, dwóch fragmentów przydennych partii naczyń, sześciu fragmentów brzuśców i jednego fragmentu talerza krążkowego, względnie masywnego dna (Ryc. 4, 5). Większość skorup nosi ślady długotrwałego przebywania w środowisku mokrym. Jeden ułamek uznano za nowożytny, pozostałe należy łączyć z kulturą łużycką z przedziału czasowego obejmującego młodsze fazy epoki brązu i wczesną epokę żelaza. Wyróżnia się dolna część silnie gładzonego naczynia o pogrubionym dnie (Ryc. 4:b, 5:b, 6:b). Może być to fragment tzw. pucharka/ kubka ulwóweckiego, formy ceramicznej znanej przede wszystkim ze stanowisk ulokowanych na wschód od środkowej Wiały, w dorzeczach Wieprza i Bugu. Najbliższe znaleziska naczyń zaliczanych do typu ulwóweckiego znane są z osady i cmentarzyska kultury łużyckiej w Maciejowicach, pow. garwoliński i z cmentarzyska w Radomiu-Wośnikach. Pucharki/ kubki ulwóweckie powszechnie datowane są na IV okres epoki brązu, jednak niektóre okazy (np. z Radomia), ze względu na pewną swoistość formy i ornamentu, mogą być datowane na V okres epoki brązu i później. Pozostałe fragmenty w większości pochodzą z naczyń średnio- lub grubościennych, chropowaconych, wykonanych z masy ceramicznej z obfitą domieszką mineralną o dużych ziarnach często barwy białej i różowej (Ryc. 4:i). Noszą cechy warsztatu ceramicznego kultury łużyckiej z końca epoki brązu i wczesnej epoki żelaza. Obecnie niemożliwe jest jednoznaczne wskazanie miejsca (lub miejsc), z których materiały ceramiczne zostały wypłukane i przeniesione przez wodę. Z położonych wzdłuż rzeki stanowisk kultury łużyckiej należy przede wszystkim brać pod uwagę osadę w Michałowie-Parcelach, gm. Warka (Ryc. 7), leżącą na piaszczysto-żwirowym wyniesieniu okresowo podmywanym przez rzekę. Badane w latach 70. XX wieku stanowisko nie zostało dotąd opracowane i opublikowane. Dziesięciozwojowa bransoleta wykonana została z płasko-wypukłej taśmy brązowej z końcami w kształcie okrągłych drutów (Ryc. 8, 9). Zdobiona jest powtarzającymi się na przemian motywami szerokich pasów złożonych z poprzecznych wąskich żłobków oraz skośnych krzyży, z których część ma na skrzyżowaniu ramion wybity symbol kółka z zaznaczonym środkiem (Ryc. 10). Forma i ornamentyka bransolety bliskie są stylistyce ozdób „typu stanomińskiego”, uznawanych za produkty lokowanego na Kujawach ośrodka metalurgicznego kultury łużyckiej, datowanego na okres halsztacki D. Najbardziej typowym „stanomińskim” elementem zdobniczym bransolety z Pilicy jest motyw leżącego krzyża, spotykany w różnych wersjach na wyrobach zaliczanych do kategorii „ozdób kujawskich”, a zwłaszcza na bransoletach w całym ich zasięgu (Ryc. 12:a–e.j–m). Liczba zwojów, parametry taśmy i rodzaj zakończeń różnią jednak ten egzemplarz zarówno od „niskich” jak też od „wysokich” bransolet w klasyfikacji J. Kostrzewskiego (1954), ostatnio zmodyfikowanej przez M. Maciejewskiego (2019). Swoiste cechy upodobniają bransoletę z Pilicy do trzech, również nietypowych ozdób odkrytych w Zabieżkach, pow. otwocki i w okolicach Słupi (Nowej?), pow. kielecki (Ryc. 12:m), które wystąpiły w towarzystwie nagolenników i naszyjników „kujawskich”, oraz nagolenników typu stanomińskiego wersji mazowieckiej wg klasyfikacji M. Mogielnickiej-Urban (2008). Wykonane zostały z bardziej masywnych pasów metalu niż pozostałe „wysokie” bransolety zdobione krzyżami. Ich końcowe zwoje,w postaci gładkich, okrągłych drutów, nie mają analogii w pozostałych, podobnie ornamentowanych okazach. Taki kształt zakończeń jest natomiast charakterystyczny dla wysokich, kilkunastozwojowych, specyficznie zdobionych bransolet zwiniętych z niezbyt szerokiej taśmy o daszkowatym przekroju, odkrywanych(także w zespołach z wyrobami „kujawskimi”) na wschodnim Mazowszu i Podlasiu (Ryc. 12:p). Te cztery bransolety powstały zapewne w pracowniach ulokowanych w strefie mieszania się kanonów sztuki rzemieślniczej i zdobniczej reprezentowanej przez wyroby uważane za „klasyczne” kujawskie, z wzorami cenionymi na miejscowym rynku zbytu. Skład chemiczny stopu, z którego wykonano bransoletę z Pilicy jest charakterystyczny dla większości wyrobów z okresu halsztackiego (Aneks1). Brak śladów wytwórczości brązowniczej na omawianym terenie uniemożliwia próby lokalizacji warsztatów. Z rejonu dolnej Pilicy znanych jest jeszcze kilka znalezisk „brązów kujawskich”, znajdowanych pojedynczo i w wieloskładnikowych skarbach (Ryc. 7). Ich charakterystyka i kontekst, w jakim wystąpiły, świadczą o szerokich powiazaniach tego obszaru z różnymi strefami kulturowymi, zwłaszcza południowej i południowo-wschodniej Europy.
In July 2019, a bronze spiral bracelet and an ancient potsherd were discovered by chance in the bed of the Pilica River, near its confluence with the Vistula. The artefacts were recovered from the bottom of the river, by the southern bank of a small sandy island located between the villages of Pilica (Warka Commune, Grójec County) and Boguszków (Magnuszew Commune, Kozienice County) (Fig. 1, 2). As a result of a professional archaeological investigation, carried out with the help of a team of underwater archaeologists, ten more sherds from ancient earthenware vessels were obtained from the immediate vicinity of the original find (Fig. 3). The potsherd assemblage consists of two bases, two base sherds, six body sherds and one sherd of either a disc-shaped plate or a massive base (Fig. 4–6). Most sherds show signs of a long-term stay in an aquatic environment. One sherd has been identified as modern, the rest should be associated with the Lusatian culture from a period covering the later phases of the Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. Of note is the strongly smoothed lower part of a vessel with thickened base (Fig. 4:b, 5:b, 6:b). It may be a fragment of a so-called Ulwówek beaker/mug, a ceramic form known mainly from sites located to the east of the Middle Vistula, in the basin of the rivers Wieprz and Bug. The closest finds of vessels identified as the Ulwówek type are known from the Lusatian culture settlement and cemetery at Maciejowice, Garwolin County, and from the cemetery at Radom Wośniki. Ulwówek type beakers/mugs are commonly dated to Bronze Age IV, although some specimens (e.g., from Radom), due to certain specificity of their form and decoration, may be dated to Bronze Age V and later. The remaining sherds mostly come from roughened, medium- and thick-walled vessels, made from a clay body with ample coarse-grained mineral temper, often white and pink in colour (Fig. 4). They present features of the Lusatian culture earthenware from the end of the Bronze Age and the beginning of the Iron Age. At present, it is not possible to clearly indicate the place (or places) from which the pottery was washed away and transported by the current. Among the Lusatian culture sites located along the river, the settlement at Michałów-Parcele, Warka Commune (Fig. 7), situated on a sand-and-gravel elevation occasionally undercut by the river, should be foremost considered. The site, excavated in the 1970s, has yet to be analysed and published. The ten-coil bracelet was made from a plano-convex bronze strip with round wire terminals (Fig. 8, 9). It is decorated with repeating alternating motifs of wide bands composed of narrow transverse grooves and oblique crosses, some of which have a circled dot symbol punched at the point where the arms intersect (Fig. 10). The form and decoration of the bracelet resemble in style the adornments of the “Stanomin type”, considered products of a Lusatian culture metallurgical centre from Hallstatt period D, located in Kuyavia. The most typical “Stanominian” decorative element of the Pilica bracelet is the recumbent cross motif, encountered in different variants on the adornments regarded as “Kuyavian ornaments”, throughout the entire range of bracelets in particular (Fig. 12:a–e.j–m). However, the number of coils, strip parameters and type of terminals distinguish this specimen from both the “short” and “tall” bracelets in J. Kostrzewski’s classification (1954), recently modified by M. Maciejewski (2019). In these particular features, the Pilica bracelet resembles three, likewise atypical, decorations discovered at Zabieżki, Otwock County, and near Słupia (Nowa?), Kielce County (Fig. 12:m), which were accompanied by “Kuyavian” ankle- and neck-rings as well as Stanomin type ankle-rings of the Mazovian variant in the classification by M. Mogielnicka-Urban (2008). The metal strips they were made of were more massive than in the case of the other “tall” bracelets decorated with crosses. Their terminal coils, in the form of smooth, round wires, find no analogy among other similarly decorated specimens. Such a shape of terminals is characteristic of tall, specifically decorated bracelets consisting of over a dozen coils, made from a not overly broad strip of roughly triangular cross-section, discovered (also together with “Kuyavian” items) in eastern Mazovia and Podlachia (Fig. 12:p). The four bracelets were probably made in workshops located in the area where the canons of craftsmanship and decorative arts, represented by the “classic” Kuyavian products, intermingled with designs valued by the local market. The chemical composition of the alloy of which the Pilica bracelet was made is characteristic of the majority of goods from the Hallstatt period (Appendix 1). Due to the absence of signs of bronze manufacturing in the area in question, attempting to locate the workshops is not possible. A few other finds of “Kuyavian bronzes” are known from the Lower Pilica region; they were found on their own or as parts of multi-component hoards (Fig. 7). Their characteristics and the context in which they occurred indicate wide-ranging connections of this area and various cultural zones, especially those in southern and south-eastern Europe.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Archeologiczne; 2021, LXXII, 72; 117-143
0043-5082
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Archeologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Halsztackie ozdoby brązowe z Warszawy-Wilanowa
Hallstatt Period Ornaments from Warszawa-Wilanów
Autorzy:
Andrzejowska, Mirosława
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048831.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-31
Wydawca:
Państwowe Muzeum Archeologiczne w Warszawie
Tematy:
skarby brązów
okres halsztacki
kultura łużycka
ozdoby kujawskie
wzory zdobnicze
nagolenniki
bransolety
bronze hoards
Hallstatt Period
Lusatian Culture
Kuyavian ornaments
decoration patterns
anklets
bracelets
Opis:
Three impressive bronze ornaments were discovered by accident in 2015 in Wilanów – a district of Warsaw situated in the area of the western terrace of the Vistula River, running along the foot of the Warsaw Escarpment. The place where the hoard was found lies on periodically inundated terrain, formerly used for agriculture and currently intended for housing and road development (Fig. 1). The find consists of two massive anklets formed of round bronze rods and a multi-spiral bracelet made from a metal ribbon with a triangular cross-section (Fig. 2). The anklets, preserved in very good condition, were recovered from a small hole in a compact lump of earth (Fig. 3). Next to it were fragments of a heavily corroded spiral, preserved in three parts. The rods of the anklets, with a maximum thickness of 1.7 cm and terminals hammered into circular, slightly convex discs, were bent in opposite directions into 1⅔ and 13⁄₅ coils. The external diameters of these ornaments measure 13 and 13.3 cm – items of this size are identified as anklets (Fig. 4, 5). The bracelet, coiled from a 1.1-cm wide ribbon with wire-like terminals, originally consisted of 13 coils of approx. 8 cm in diameter (Fig. 6A, 6B). An almost twin ornament, consisting of groups of transverse grooves and figures resembling hatched triangles, is visible along the entire length of the rods of both anklets (Fig. 4:c, 5:c). The three outermost spirals on both sides of the bracelet are decorated with repetitive motifs of inserted angles, ‘herringbone’ and ‘hourglasses’ composed of hatched trapezoids (Fig. 6B:d). Ornaments were stamped on the cast rods of the anklets and on the prepared bracelet ribbon, hammered on a matrix, before they were coiled (Fig. 7–9). To maintain the planned rhythm of repeating decorations, the arrangement of leading motifs was first marked (Fig. 10). In an effort to maintain the same sequence of motifs and the symmetry of the ornamentation on individual coils of the anklets, the central, individually visible sections of the rods were covered with a double band of parallel decorations. Patterns on the terminal sections were drawn in single lines and visually doubled by overlapping the ends of the rods. The anklets discovered in the Wilanów field represent the Stanomin type of anklets, which fall into the category of ‘Kuyavian ornaments’ – objects attributed to the bronze metallurgical centre of the Lusatian Culture, functioning in Kuyavia in the younger phase of the Hallstatt Period (HaD). The Stanomin type also includes numerous examples of ankle-rings regarded as imitations of decorations from the eponymous hoard, creating local varieties of varying range. According to the recently proposed typological division of Stanomin anklets, the Wilanów specimens should be classified as the classic form of their Mazovian version. Both the form and type and arrangement of ornamental motifs are characteristic of decorations noted in great numbers in eastern Mazovia and Podlachia. The spiral bracelet also belongs to the category of artefacts commonly found in assemblages containing ‘Kuyavian’ ornaments. However, the much larger number of coils, the cross-section of the ribbon, the wire-like terminals and the particular ornament differ from Stanomin-type bracelets. The features of the Wilanów bracelet are characteristic of specimens (including objects completely devoid of decorations) registered in the same areas and in the same assemblages as the Stanomin anklets of the Mazovian version (Fig. 11, 12). Dissemination of the specific style of decoration of Hallstatt bronze ornaments from Mazovia and Podlachia may be related to the appearance on the Vistula route, running from south-eastern Europe towards Kuyavia, of pottery decorated in a similar style, characteristic of Moldova and western Ukraine from the end of the 8th and first half of the 7th century BCE. The chronology of some assemblages containing ‘Kuyavian ornaments’, older than previously assumed, may be also determined by their co-occurrence with binocular brooches of the Strzebielinko and Krásna Hôrka type, which, according to the latest findings, should be dated no later than 7th century BCE (HaC–HaD1). The spread of stylistically consistent anklets and spiral bracelets, to which Wilanów ornaments are most closely related (Fig. 13), indicates the existence of a workshop or workshops in the area of eastern Mazovia and/or Podlachia, manufacturing objects of fairly uniform characteristics. However, it can also be assumed that there were centres located outside this area, creating and distributing items decorated in the style accepted or even desired by recipients residing in the above-mentioned territory. The multi-element hoards from Kisielsk, Łuków County, and Podbiel, Otwock County, undoubtedly testify to the far-reaching contacts of the local population. Chemical analysis of the objects from the Wilanów hoard (Table 1) shows that the metal for both anklets was smelted from copper ore from one deposit, while the bracelet was made of different components – perhaps also in another workshop. Similar conclusions apply, for example, to elements of the hoard from Zagórze, Wadowice County. Said assemblage contains items showing connections not only to the Kuyavian centre but also to the region of the Western Carpathians (Krásna Hôrka in Slovakia) from where finished products or patterns for local manufacture flowed into neighbouring areas and beyond (vide long bracelets from Gośniewice, Grójec County, formed of a ribbon with triangular section and with twisted wire-like terminals). A reliable assessment of the phenomenon, with its local specificity and broad territorial and cultural connections, is hindered by the lack of traces of production and the scarcity of comparable metallurgical analyses of the artefacts described. Another issue is the poor state of knowledge on the settlement of the population participating in the processes of manufacture, acquisition or exchange, transfer and storage, and offering or hiding of valuable goods.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Archeologiczne; 2020, LXXI, 71; 217-237
0043-5082
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Archeologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Krótka charakterystyka skrzyń wiannych ze zbiorów Muzeum Wsi Radomskiej w Radomiu
A Brief Description of the Dowry Chests from the Collection of the Radom Village Museum in Radom
Autorzy:
Kozyra, Klementyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28893477.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12
Wydawca:
Muzeum "Górnośląski Park Etnograficzny w Chorzowie"
Tematy:
dowry chests
Radom Village Museum
folk furniture
wood graining
ornaments on dowry chests
skrzynie wianne
Muzeum Wsi Radomskiej
meble ludowe
zdobnictwo na skrzyniach
mazerowanie
Opis:
The article contains a short description of dowry chests in the collection of the Radom Village Museum and constitutes a preview of further research on the subject. The chests are divided according to their paint layer into painted and grained ones. In both categories, ornaments, their arrangement on the front wall and decorative arrangements on the side walls are discussed in detail. The colours of the paints used to make the decorations are also described. Moreover, the analysis covers the profiles of the legs of the chests in the museum’s collection.
Artykuł zawiera krótką charakterystykę skrzyń wiannych znajdujących się w zbiorach Muzeum Wsi Radomskiej i jest zapowiedzią dalszych badań tego tematu. Został dokonany podział skrzyń ze względu na warstwę malarską na malowane i mazerowane. W obu kategoriach zostały bliżej opisane ornamenty, ich rozmieszczenie na frontowej ścianie oraz układy zdobnicze na ścianach bocznych. Opisowi zostały poddane również kolory farb użytych do wykonania zdobień. Analizie zostały poddane również profile nóżek w skrzyniach znajdujących się w zbiorach muzeum.
Źródło:
Rocznik Muzeum "Górnośląski Park Etnograficzny w Chorzowie"; 2022, 10, 10; 155-170
2353-2734
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Muzeum "Górnośląski Park Etnograficzny w Chorzowie"
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 22

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