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Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 33
Tytuł:
The dilemmas of China`s market incomplete transformation ‒ the world economy perspective
Autorzy:
Starzyk, Kazimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/583271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
world economy
market transformation
open economy strategy
economic efficiency crisis
China
Opis:
The Chinese case suggests that the market transition is possible without a parallel transformation of the political system. The opposite case is that of Central European economies, where systemic political and institutional changes initiated the market transition processes. Thus, the Chinese pattern of transition can be called gradual, where the main objective is to build a market economy while keeping the single-party authoritarian political system. It bears fundamental implications upon the very process of market transformation making it gradual without a clear formulation of systemic goals at the outset of the process. The aim of the paper is to present the development problems faced by the Chinese economy now which solution determines the future position of China in the world economy. The text considers, among other things, the dilemma of authoritarian political system versus democracy, economic efficiency versus social justice and the challenges following the financial crisis 2007/8+.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 523; 392-399
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The proces of NIS internationalization and the involvement of corporate foreign subsidiaries
Proces internacjonalizacji NIS i zaangażowanie zagranicznych filii korporacyjnych
Autorzy:
Zorska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/698305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
internationalization
open economy
innovation
NIS
internacjonalizacja
gospodarka otwarta
innowacja
Opis:
Artykuł poświęcony jest problemom związanym z procesem internacjonalizacji krajowych systemów innowacji w gospodarkach otwartych, oraz omówieniu roli, jaką w tym procesie odgrywają korporacje transnarodowe poprzez swoje filie. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań autorka udowadnia, że działalność transgranicznych korporacji jest kluczowym czynnikiem stymulującym innowacyjność gospodarki w kraju goszczącym korporację. Opisuje mechanizm tego procesu, który jest zjawiskiem nowym i dyskutowanym w środowisku naukowym. W zakończeniu artykułu formułuje szereg zaleceń związanych z działalnością korporacji zagranicznych, jak i polityki innowacyjnej kraju-gospodarza.
The article discusses the problems associated with the process of internationalization of national innovation systems in open economies, and the role which play in this process multinational corporations through their subsidiaries. Based on own study, the author proves, that cross-border corporate activity is a key factor in stimulating innovation in the economy of the country, which hosts foreign corporation branch. Here are described the mechanism of this process, which is a new phenomenon discussed in the scientific circles. A number of recommendations concerning the foreign corporations activities, as well as the innovation policy of the host country, are presented at the end of the article.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie; 2015, 36, 3; 45-59
1896-656X
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectiveness of macroeconomic policies in the context of closed and open economies
Autorzy:
Kubendran, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522561.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Closed economy
Economic growth
Exchange rate
Fiscal policy
Monetary policy
Open economy
Opis:
Monetary policy and fiscal policy are the two important macroeconomic policies which are used to achieve certain major macroeconomic goals like economic growth, unemployment reduction, counteract inflation and overall economic development of the nation. The effect of macroeconomic variables may differ in terms of degree, duration, different economic systems and under different exchange rate regimes. This study analyses the effectiveness of monetary policy and fiscal policy on the economy in terms of economic integration and different exchange rate regimes. Regression analysis in this study found that the fiscal policy is more effective in a closed economy and monetary policy is more effective in an open economy. Also the study finds that the fiscal policy is more effective under managed float exchange rate regime and monetary policy is more effective under perfectly flexible exchange rate. So this study also validated Mundell− Fleming model.
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2016, 25; 30-47
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MACROECONOMIC POLICY REGIME IN POLAND
Autorzy:
Kazandziska, Milka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517339.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
macroeconomic regime
open economy policies
emerging countries
industrial policy
Polska
Opis:
The goal of this paper is to analyse the economic development of Poland using the concept of macroeconomic policy regimes (MPRs). Six elements of a MPR will be identified: foreign economic policy, industrial policy, the financial system, wage policy, monetary policy and fiscal policy. Examining the functionality of the development of these elements applied to Poland is a further aim of this paper. The functionality of the development of the MPR elements will be analysed on the basis of the fulfilment of the objectives, as well as the use of the proposed instruments and strategy assigned to every element of MPR. Due to space limits, we are going to focus on the former in this paper. Taking into consideration that Poland is an emerging and a relatively open economy, foreign economic policy and industrial policy play very significant roles in restructuring of the economy towards production and exports of high value-added products, which would enable the country to follow a growth path consistent with an external balance. The financial needs of the manufacturing sector and particularly of the producers and/or exporters of high-end products need to be satisfied by the financial system, whose stability needs to be secured with the help of monetary policy. The latter is, moreover, in charge of providing low-cost finance and maintaining the stability of the exchange rate. Stabilising the inflation rate would be given to wage policy. Fiscal policy’s main tasks would be to correct aggregate demand shocks and reduce income inequality.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2016, 11, 3; 411-436
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem symetrii między otwartą gospodarką a otwartym społeczeństwem
Autorzy:
Żukrowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630497.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
open economy, open society, measurement of openness, methods of opening, symmetry and asymmetry of opening
Opis:
The article discusses the problem of absence of symmetry between opening of the economy and opening of the society. Even though both discussed occurrences have their history, they are studied separately. In the article a hypothesis is put on existence of asymmetry between opening of the economy and opening of the society and this fact is seen as one of the obstacles which limits both studied and analysed processes. The attention in the article is turned to fact that there are measures which help to estimate the scale of opening of an economy, however there are no similar tools to measure openness of a society. This asymmetry limits our ability to understand the problem and to construct tools necessary to reduce it. The aim of the article is not to show actions or a plan for narrowing the existing gap between the two processes but pointing at the role of those two processes in shaping the effective policy in the two fields.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace; 2018, 2; 11-38
2082-0976
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społecznego Studia i Prace
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes In Competitiveness Among The Visegrad Countries After Accession To The European Union: A Comparative Analysis Based On A Generalized Double Diamond Model
Autorzy:
Molendowski, Edward
Żmuda, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
international competitiveness
Visegrad Group countries
Porter’s diamond
double diamond model
small open economy
Opis:
National competitiveness is a buzzword that awakens much interest and controversy. In its broadest perspective, it is seen as a modern way of describing the development efforts of nations in the times of globalization (Reinert 2001, p. 23-42). This means that forces driving the changes in the global economy: liberalization of international trade, booming investment by multinational enterprises and development of regional integration groupings, need to be included into the competitiveness model. Well-known and commonly used approach to national competitiveness: Porter’s diamond of competitive advantage does not however capture this international context. By concentrating solely on the elements of the domestic environment, the model does not show the complicated international linkages that have shaped the competitiveness of many countries. Especially in the case of small, open ‘catching-up’ economies, assessing national competitiveness solely on the basis of the potential of domestic companies, based on local conditions, does not fully reflect their developmental context, which is also driven by the complex networks of international interdependencies. Building upon the generalized double diamond model developed by Moon et al. (2000), this paper explores the extent to which economic relations with international partners and the activities oftransnational corporations affect the competitiveness of the Visegrad Group countries, and how this relationship has been changing in the post-accession period. To answer the research problem posed, Eurostat and Global Competitiveness Report data have been gathered to assess the competitiveness variables on both the domestic/national and international levels. It has been shown that integration within the global economy constitutes an essential element of competitiveness for each of the analysed countries.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2013, 16, 4; 121-153
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative Analysis Of Balances Of Payments Of Ukraine And Poland In The Post-crisis Economic Environment
Autorzy:
Lypko, Nazariy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
balance of payments
current account
capital account
small open economy
adjustment of balance of payments
Opis:
The condition of a country’s balance of payments is a crucial factor for effective development in small open economies, such as Poland and Ukraine. Because of their dependence on the climate in international markets, Poland and Ukraine are especially vulnerable to fluctuations in the global situation. Thus it is essential for both national economies to develop effective instruments for adjusting their balance of payments accounts. This necessity in turn requires research into the main mechanisms used for making balance of payments adjustments for developing countries, since not all aspects have been yet explored. A comparative analysis of the balance of payments situations in these countries is conducted in this article, which aims to prove external similarities between both countries and explain why Poland has attained greater success in the process of overcoming the consequences of the global financial crisis. Such conclusions can be used as a roadmap for Ukraine on its way to adjustment of its balance of payments account. The main reason for such exploration is that Ukraine’s balance of payments is still operating in deficit conditions, which negatively affects the overall state of the national economy of the country.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2013, 16, 4; 155-174
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How Do the Richest 1% Owns 50% of Wealth in a Small-Open Growth Model with Endogenous Wealth and Human Capital
Autorzy:
Zhang, Wei-Bin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1036776.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
inequality and growth
small-open economy
learning by consuming
wealth and income distribution
heterogeneous households
Opis:
This paper extends the growth model for a closed national economy by Zhang (2015) to a small-open economy. We attempt to explain some economic mechanisms of how the richest one per cent of the population own 50% of national wealth. We consider endogenous wealth and human capital accumulation by heterogeneous households with different preferences and learning abilities as the main determinants of growth and inequality. We describe the production technologies and economic structure on the basis of the Uzawa two-sector model. By applying Zhang’s concept of disposable income and approach to household behavior, we describe consumers’ wealth accumulation and consumption behavior. We model human capital accumulation on the basis of Arrow’s learning by doing and Zhang’s creativity with leisure. We simulate the model with three groups of the population, the rich 1 %, the middle 69%, and the poor 20%. We demonstrate the existence of an equilibrium point at which the rich 1% own more than half of the national wealth and the poor 20% less than 10% of the national wealth. We show how the system moves to the equilibrium from an initial state and confirm that the equilibrium point is stable. We also conduct comparative dynamic analysis.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2017, 15; 58-79
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The balance of payments accounting as a factor for macroeconomic equilibrium achievement in an open economy
Autorzy:
Zhuk, Iryna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128100.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
balance of payments
macroeconomic equilibrium
open economy
the balance of payments and external equilibrium regulating tools
Opis:
Purpose – To study the concept of the balance of payments (BOP) as the main international financial statement of a nation, to identify the causes and effects of its imbalances and the factors of achieving external equilibrium for a national economy, as well. Methods – The theoretical and methodological research is based on systematic, structural and functional analysis, logical abstraction, induction, deduction, as well as comparative and statistical analysis. Approach – The theoretical justification of the relationship between key figures of the balance of payments and the main macroeconomic identities, the research of the balance of payments regulation tools aimed at achieving its steady state as a precondition for open economy equilibrium. Findings – The rationale for choosing the balance of payments regulation policy based on using some theories aimed at searching for an optimal balance or so-called equilibrium between the development of external and internal factors of the economy. Thus, the study has shown that the practical implementation of these theoretical concepts finds its application in various ways of equalizing the balance of payments. The constituent elements of these concepts are the forms of equalization, the level of regulation, the methods and tools of state regulation.
Źródło:
Optimum. Economic Studies; 2018, 2(92); 168-176
1506-7637
Pojawia się w:
Optimum. Economic Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sources of Real Exchange Rate Variability in Central and Eastern European Countries: Evidence from Structural Bayesian MSH-VAR Models
Autorzy:
Dąbrowski, Marek A.
Kwiatkowski, Łukasz
Wróblewska, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2075254.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
open economy macroeconomics
real exchange rate
real and nominal shocks
Bayesian MS-VAR models
structural VAR models
Opis:
This paper investigates the relative importance of cost, demand, financial and monetary shocks in driving real exchange rates in four CEE countries over 2000–2018. A two-country New Keynesian open economy model is used as a theoretical framework. In the empirical part, a Bayesian SVAR model with Markov switching heteroscedasticity is employed. The structural shocks are identified on the basis of volatility changes and named with reference to the sign restrictions derived from the economic model. Main findings are fourfold. First, real and financial shocks have similar contributions to real exchange variability, whereas that of monetary shocks is small. Second, financial shocks amplify exchange rate fluctuations stemming from real shocks. Third, even though the exchange rate gaps change over time, they remain quite similar across CEE countries except for Slovakia. Fourth, Slovakia introduced the euro at the time of a relatively large real overvaluation, which subsided after a lengthy adjustment process.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2020, 4; 369-412
2080-0886
2080-119X
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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