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    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
    Tytuł:
    On the influence of gas puff loads on plasma focus dynamics
    Autorzy:
    Schmidt, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971523.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    computer modelling
    gas puffing
    nuclear fusion
    nuclear reactions
    plasma focus
    Z-pinch
    Opis:
    The plasma focus is a source of pulsed radiation, which is of interest in various fields of physics and technology. Applications include soft X-ray microscopy, soft X-ray and electron beam lithography. The plasma focus is also a highly efficient source of fast neutrons. If one applies gas puffing instead of static filling, decoupling of plasma conditions in the breakdown and compression phases can be achieved. Results of experiments with a fast valve and accompanying 2D modelling of the dynamic gas target are presented. Among other advantages of gas puffing, neutron yield could be increased up to a factor of three in appropriate experiments. The concept of gas puffing has been extensively investigated in many Z-pinch experiments including multiple gas puffs. It seems desirable to increase the efforts to understand and optimise the gas puffing option for small and large plasma focus devices.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 1; 15-19
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The “Renaissance” in Nuclear Physics: Low-Energy Nuclear Reactions and Transmutations
    Autorzy:
    Di Sia, Paolo
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1158761.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Biot-Savart law
    Classical physics
    Low-energy nuclear reactions
    Magnetic attraction
    Nuclear binding energies
    Nuclear physics
    Transmutations
    Opis:
    Nuclear structure theory has recently undergone an unexpected “renaissance” that can be attributed to two factors: (a) Since 1989, experimental findings have indicated isotopic anomalies in “chemical systems” at energies well below the expected ~10 MeV nuclear level. (b) Since 2007, remarkable ab initio super-computer calculations of nuclear properties have been made under the assumption that nucleons have well-defined intranuclear positions (x ≤ 2 fm). Assuming a magnetic structure of nucleons consistent with classical physics, we have made related lattice calculations of nuclear binding energies and magnetic moments. Our results compare favorably with results from other Copenhagen-style nuclear models.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2018, 114; 195-207
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Synthesis of heaviest nuclei and heaviest chemical elements
    Autorzy:
    Sobiczewski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146684.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    heaviest nuclei
    heaviest chemical elements
    nuclear reactions
    alfa-decay energy
    alfa-decay half-life
    alfa-decay genetic chains
    Opis:
    Studies of the heaviest nuclei and heaviest chemical elements are shortly described. Methods of synthesis and identification of these nuclei are discussed. Some details of the studies are illustrated on the example of the nucleus 277Cn, the isotope of the element 112 (copernicium) the discovery of which has been recently approved by IUPAC. General results of the research on superheavy nuclei (atomic number Z = 104–118), synthesized within the period from 1969 (discovery of rutherfordium, Z = 104) up to the present are outlined.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 3; 212-216
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Production of 166Ho and 153Sm using hot atom reactions in neutron irradiated tris(cyclopentadienyl) compounds
    Autorzy:
    Nassan, L.
    Achkar, B.
    Yassine, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147591.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    hot atom reactions
    holmium-166
    miniature nuclear source reactor (MNSR)
    Opis:
    The behavior of a recoiled 166Ho and 153Sm resulting from the reactions 165Ho(n,gamma)166Ho and 152Sm(n,gamma)153Sm in the organometallic compounds tris(cyclopentadienyl)holmium (C5H5)3Ho(III), and tris(cyclopentadienyl)samarium (C5H5)3Sm(III) were investigated. Several chemical separation methods were developed for each compound to separate the recoil products from the irradiated compound. Retention value of 0.2 �} 0.1% was obtained for (C5H5)3Ho(III) using sublimation. Another value of retention of 0.4 plus or minus 0.1% resulted when column chromatography was used. Paper chromatography (using Whatman Chr. 1 and Whatman Chr. 4) gave different retention values of about 0.11 plus or minus 0.05%, and 0.4 plus or minus 0.1%, respectively. Similar behavior of 153Sm in irradiated (C5H5)3Sm(III) was found when paper chromatography was used for separation. The different retention values given by different methods of separation were discussed. An important improvement of the specific activity was achieved as compared with other published results in this field. The obtained results pointed out that tris(cyclopentadienyl)holmium and samarium could be used to produce high specific activity of 166Ho and 153Sm in the Syrian low flux miniature nuclear source reactor (MNSR), where the averaged achieved enrichment factor for holmium compound was found to be greater than 1.6 x 107.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 263-267
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative study of uni-univalent H⁺/Na⁺ and uni-bivalent H⁺/Ca²⁺ ion exchange reactions using nuclear grade resin Indion-223
    Autorzy:
    Singare, P. U.
    Mohammed, A. L. K.
    Dixit, N. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411747.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    ion exchange reactions
    nuclear grade resins
    cation exchange resins
    enthalpy
    equilibrium constant
    Indion-223
    Opis:
    The present paper deals with the ion exchange equilibrium studies of uni-univalent and uni-bivalent ion exchange reactions using nuclear grade anion exchange resin Indion-223 in H⁺ form towards Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions in the solution. It was observed that with rise in temperature the equilibrium constants K values for H⁺/Na⁺ uni-univalet ion exchange reaction increases from 0.01389 to 0.01855. Similarly for H⁺/Ca²⁺ uni-bivalet ion exchange reaction the equilibrium constants K values increases from 0.000397 to 0.000639. The increase in equilibrium constant values with rise in temperature indicate endothermic ion exchange reactions having the enthalpy change values of 25.55 and 38.92 kJ/ mol respectively.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 14, 2; 127-135
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study on preferential selectivity of nuclear grade resin Indion-223 towards some bivalent ions
    Autorzy:
    Singare, P. U.
    Mohammed, A. L. K.
    Dixit, N. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412085.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    bivalent exchange reactions
    nuclear grade resins
    cation exchange
    reaction thermodynamics
    enthalpy change
    ionic selectivity
    equilibrium constant
    Indion-223
    Opis:
    In the present paper attempts are made to understand the selectivity of nuclear grade cation exchange resin Indion-223 in H+ form towards Ca2+ and Mg2+ bivalent ions in the solution based on thermodynamic concept. It was observed that with rise in temperature the equilibrium constant K values for H+/Ca2+ uni-bivalet ion exchange reactions increases from 0.000397 to 0.000639. Similarly for H+/Mg2+ uni-bivalet ion exchange reactions the equilibrium constant K values increases from 0.000177 to 0.000333. The increase in equilibrium constant values with rise in temperature indicate endothermic ion exchange reactions having the enthalpy change values of 38.92 and 51.46 kJ/ mol respectively. The difference in K values and enthalpy values were used to predict the selectivity behaviour of the resin towards the Ca2+ and Mg2+ bivalent ions in the solution. The thermodynamic concept of the present study can be applied to understand the selectivity behaviour of different nuclear as well as non-nuclear grade resins towards wide range of ionic species present in the exchanging liquid medium.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 15; 11-21
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermodynamic study to evaluate the selectivity behaviour of nuclear grade resin Indion-223 towards some univalent ions
    Autorzy:
    Singare, P. U.
    Mohammed, A. L. K.
    Dixit, N. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412486.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    uni-univalent ion exchange reactions
    ionic selectivity
    nuclear grade resins
    cation exchangers
    enthalpy change
    equilibrium constant
    Indion-223
    Opis:
    The present paper deals with the application of thermodynamic concept in understanding the preferential selectivity of nuclear grade anion exchange resin Indion-223 in H+ form towards Na+ and K+ ions in the solution. In the study it was observed that the equilibrium constants K values for H+/Na+ and H+/K+ uni-univalet ion exchange reactions increases from 0.01389 to 0.01855 and from 0.01710 to 0.02374 respectively as the temperature increases from 35.0 °C to 45.0 °C. The increase in K values with rise in temperature suggests endothermic ion exchange reactions having the enthalpy change values of 25.55 and 22.72 kJ/ mol respectively. Based on difference in K values and enthalpy values for the two uni-univalent ion exchange reactions, the preferential selectivity of the resin for the univalent ions in the solution was predicted. From the results of present study, it appears that the experimental technique used here can be applied further to understand the ionic selectivity of different industrial grade ion exchange resins. It is expected that such studies will provide valuable information in order to decide about the selection of those resins for efficient separation of various ionic species present in the industrial waste water effluents.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 15; 22-29
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Study on Halide Ions Selectivity of Nuclear Grade Anion Exchange Resin Auchlite ARA-9366
    Autorzy:
    Singare, P. U.
    Patange, A. N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412305.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    selectivity
    ion exchange reactions
    halide ions
    nuclear grade resins
    anion exchange resins
    enthalpy
    equilibrium constant
    Auchlite ARA-9366
    Opis:
    The selectivity behaviour of nuclear grade anion exchange resin Auchlite ARA-9366 in chloride form towards iodide and bromide ions in the solution was studied. The trend in selectivity of the resin was predicted on the basis of thermodynamics of Clˉ/Iˉ and Clˉ/Brˉ uni-univalent ion exchange reactions. It was observed that the equilibrium constants K values for Clˉ/Iˉ ion exchange reaction were higher than that calculated for Clˉ/Brˉ exchange under identical experimental conditions. Also the enthalpy values for the two uni-univalent ion exchange reactions were calculated as -47.87 and -36.14 kJ/mol respectively. The high K and low enthalpy values obtained for Clˉ/Iˉ ion exchange reaction as compared to that obtained during Clˉ/Brˉ exchange supports higher selectivity of the resin towards iodide ions as compared to that towards bromide ions, when both the ions are present in the same solution.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 11, 1; 67-73
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of Nondestructive Radio Tracer Technique in Performance Evaluation of Anion Exchange Resins Duolite ARA-9366 and Duolite A-171
    Autorzy:
    Singare, P. U.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412526.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    non-destructive tracer technique
    radio analytical technique
    radioactive tracer isotopes
    131I
    82Br
    reaction kinetics
    ion-isotopic exchange reactions
    nuclear grade resin
    Duolite ARA-9366
    Duolite A-171
    Opis:
    Radio analytical technique as a non-destructive technique was used in the present investigation to trace the kinetics of ion-isotopic exchange reaction taking place in Duolite ARA-9366 (nuclear grade) and Duolite A-171 (non-nuclear grade) anion exchange resins. The kinetics data suggest that during iodide ion-isotopic exchange reactions under identical experimental conditions of 40.00C, 1.000 g of ion exchange resins and 0.003 M labeled iodide ion solution, the values of specific reaction rate (min-1), amount of iodide ion exchanged (mmol), initial rate of iodide ion exchange (mmol/min) and log Kd were 0.176, 0.383, 0.067 and 7.8 respectively for Duolite ARA-9366 resin, which was higher than 0.142, 0.353, 0.050 and 7.0 respectively as that obtained for Duolite A-171 resins. Also it is observed that at a constant temperature of 40.0 °C, as the concentration of labeled iodide ion solution increases 0.001 M to 0.004 M, the percentage of iodide ions exchanged increases from 49.20 % to 51.80 % for Duolite ARA-9366 resins; and from 45.20 % to 47.80 % for Duolite A-171 resins. The similar trend was observed for the two resins during bromide ion-isotopic exchange reactions. The overall results indicate superior performance of Duolite ARA-9366 resins over Duolite A-171 resins under identical operational parameters.
    Źródło:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 13; 63-76
    2299-3843
    Pojawia się w:
    International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O konieczności zmiany paradygmatu ochrony radiologicznej – Komentarz SARI – Stowarzyszenia Uczonych dla Rzetelnej Informacji o Promieniowaniu
    On the Need to Replace the Present Paradigm of Radiation Protection - Comments by SARI (Scientists for Accurate Radiation Information)
    Autorzy:
    Dobrzyński, L.
    Janiak, M. K.
    Strupczewski, A.
    Waligórski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/214587.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    system ochrony radiologicznej
    hipoteza LNT
    hormeza radiacyjna
    niskie dawki i moce dawki (LDDR)
    reakcje immunologiczne
    zdrowie publiczne
    zdarzenia radiacyjne
    radiofobia
    Radiation Protection System
    LNT hypothesis
    radiation hormesis
    low doses and dose rates (LDDR)
    immune reactions
    public health
    nuclear accidents
    radiophobia
    Opis:
    W jednym ze swoich pierwszych aktów wykonawczych, Prezydent Donald Trump zalecił „uwolnienie obywateli Stanów Zjednoczonych od nadmiernie uciążliwych norm i regulacji”. W odpowiedzi, Amerykańska Agencja Ochrony Środowiska (EPA) zaapelowała o propozycje, które uczyniłyby regulacje dotyczące ochrony radiologicznej „mniej uciążliwymi”. Stowarzyszenie Uczonych dla Rzetelnej Informacji o Promieniowaniu (SARI) przesłało do EPA swój Komentarz w tej sprawie, w którym proponuje, aby odrzucić hipotezę liniową bez progu dawki (Linear No-Threshold, LNT) jako podstawę przepisów ochrony radiologicznej i zastąpić ją przez hormezę - dobroczynne działanie niskich/o niskiej mocy dawek promieniowania jonizującego, uruchomiających naturalne mechanizmy obronne w organizmie człowieka, głównie poprzez pobudzenie takich reakcji jak usuwanie rodników tlenowych, naprawę DNA i funkcje immunologiczne. Oparcie przepisów ochrony radiologicznej na hormezie radiacyjnej doprowadzi do poprawy zdrowia ogółu ludności i znacznego obniżenia kosztów społecznych ochrony przed promieniowaniem oraz ograniczy negatywne skutki ewentualnych awarii jądrowych. Tekst Komentarza SARI został przetłumaczony, aby umożliwić polskiemu czytelnikowi zapoznanie się z tym krótkim, ale wnikliwym przeglądem proponowanego systemu ochrony radiologicznej, opartego o zjawisko hormezy radiacyjnej, wraz z naukowym uzasadnieniem powodów, dla których należy odrzucić obecny paradygmat tego systemu - hipotezę LNT.
    By one of his first Executive Orders, President Trump established the “policy of the United States to alleviate unnecessary regulatory burdens placed on the American people.” Acting on this order, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) solicited comments on making radiation protection regulations “less burdensome.” In response, SARI (Scientists for Accurate Radiation Information) submitted to EPA a document proposing that the (Linear No-Threshold, LNT) hypothesis on which radiation protection regulations are presently based should be rejected and replaced by hormesis – the beneficial action of low doses and low dose rates (LDDR) of ionizing radiation, predominantly due to activation of natural defence mechanisms of the body such as scavenging of reactive oxygen species, up-regulation of DNA repair, and boosting of immune reactions. Basing radiation protection regulations on radiation hormesis will benefit the health of the public, significantly decrease the public costs of radiation protection and reduce the adverse impact of any future nuclear accidents. The text of the SARI document has been translated to provide the Polish reader with a brief but comprehensive review of the proposed hormesis-based system of radiation protection and with science-based arguments for rejecting its present LNT paradigm.
    Źródło:
    Postępy Techniki Jądrowej; 2017, 3; 2-11
    0551-6846
    Pojawia się w:
    Postępy Techniki Jądrowej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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