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Tytuł:
NADZÓR PARTYJNY NAD PRZEMYSŁEM W DEKADZIE LAT 70. XX WIEKU. STUDIUM PRZYPADKU ZWCH „STILON” W GORZOWIE WLKP.
PARTY SUPERVISION OF INDUSTRY IN THE 1970S. A CASE STUDY OF THE “STILON” SYNTHETIC FIBRES PLANT IN GORZÓW WIELKOPOLSKI IN POLAND
Autorzy:
Trojecki, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Stilon
party supervision
nomenklatura
Opis:
The ineffectuality of the socialist system, which in literature was described as the shortage economy, could be observed even at a company level. Despite having no ef-fects, the system was maintained, which required constant political supervision. Its most important authority was the ruling party that used the nomenclature as the best tool to perform their supervising functions. Determining positions and decision-making bodies was only a part of the unofficial prerogatives of The Polish United Workers' Party. In each company there were party structures that were aimed at encouraging both the party members and non-party workers to obey to the system and to do the tasks which they had been allotted as a part of the planned economy. The party supervision system was sup-ported by a secretly acting organization called the Security Service. This article presents how the party supervision worked, what the forms of its action were and what effects they had. The study is based on the case of the “Stilon” Synthetic Fibres Plant in Gorzów Wielkopolski in Poland.
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2014, 12, 4; 86-100 (15)
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybrane aspekty dotyczące PZPR w latach 1948-1990 (liczebność, skład społeczny, dewizowe składki członkowskie i nomenklatura kadr)
Certain aspects of the Polish United Workers Party (PUWP) in the period 1948-1990 (members, social composition, membership fees in foreign currency and staff.
Autorzy:
Żukowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488007.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Nauki i Kultury Libra
Tematy:
Polska Zjednoczona Partia Robotnicza
nomenklatura kadr
Polish United Workers’ Party
Communist nomenklatura
Opis:
The article describes the selected issues relating to the functioning of the PUWP. The author focuses on the issue of the number of members, the social composition, and nomenklatura. The analysis enables to establish that the PUWP was the massive, highly centralized party. Although the PUWP appealed to workers and peasants, they represented a minority in the party. It was a shy and fixed problem of party of power. This allows to show that PUWP party was entangling Poland with network of connections and analyse the founds of the party.
Źródło:
Komunizm: system – ludzie - dokumentacja; 2013, 2; 123-140
2299-890X
Pojawia się w:
Komunizm: system – ludzie - dokumentacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy z nazewnictwem organizmów. I. Nazewnictwo naukowe
Autorzy:
Knutelski, S.
Wiorek, M.
Knutelska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/850295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. Kopernika
Tematy:
organizmy zywe
nomenklatura
nazewnictwo naukowe
taksonomia
systematyka
Źródło:
Wszechświat; 2017, 118, 10-12
0043-9592
Pojawia się w:
Wszechświat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy z nazewnictwem gruntów spoistych według normy PN-EN ISO 14688
Problems with nomenclature of cohesive soils according to PN-EN ISO 14688 standard
Autorzy:
Tarnawski, M.
Sykuła, U.
Ura, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2062970.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
normy europejskie
grunty spoiste
nomenklatura
eurocodes
cohesive soils
nomenclature
Opis:
Jednym z wyzwań, przed jakimi stanęli polscy specjaliści z różnych dziedzin po wejściu Polski do Unii Europejskiej, stała się harmonizacja polskich norm z systemem europejskim. Dotyczy to również środowiska geologów inżynierskich i geotechników. Wdrażanie norm europejskich przebiega powoli i z dużymi oporami. Na przykładzie nowej nomenklatury gruntów spoistych, po przeprowadzeniu stosownych analiz, autorzy wskazują przyczyny tego stanu rzeczy oraz sygnalizują potrzebę i kierunki doskonalenia wprowadzonych norm geotechnicznych.
Unification of Polish standards with the European system has been one of the challenges for Polish specialists in various fields after Poland entered the European Union. This refers also to the society of engineering geologists and geotechnicians. The implementation of European standards runs slowly and with a high resistance. Presenting and analyzing the new nomenclature of cohesive soils, the authors indicate the reasons of this situation as well as the necessity and the ways of improving the introduced geotechnical standards.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2011, 446 (2); 423--428
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Reality – New Problems. Financial Crime in Greater Poland in the Years 1945-1970
Autorzy:
Jankowiak, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1390750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-02-07
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
financial crime
Polish People’s Republic
society
clique
nomenklatura
Opis:
Systemic transformation in Poland after the Second World War led to deep transformations within the economy. It did not, however, change the way people thought. Despite the chaos of the post-war period, in which all the negative features shaped in the period of occupation manifested themselves, it seemed that the conceptual leaders of the Polish political and economic life would create new quality. However, it soon turned out that old habits die hard and the system created by communists opened a field for many abuses. This was accompanied by a sense of impunity, as the most prominent personalities in a given region were also involved in economic scandals. All this resulted in the creation of “cliques” in which both prominent Party activists and people put by the Party in high positions (usually also members of the Polish United Workers’ Party, PUWP) played important roles. On the one hand, after 1956, surveillance by the Security Office (UB) or Security Services (SB) was not that strict anymore, and on the other, the so-called “private initiative” started to develop fast – therefore the more “entrepreneurial” individuals started to exploit the situation and gain wealth. Abusing one’s position to organize large-scale thefts was considered relatively normal. This happened in various forms: sometimes directly, but more often by supporting or even organizing private projects with the use of the national, though unsupervised, supply of raw materials or products. This way, the Party members grew richer at the expense of the companies they worked for. This business was relatively widely tolerated by ordinary citizens, who saw it as an excuse to also “organize” goods individually for their own purposes in the companies which employed them. This common belief that “everybody steals” allowed people to justify their own dishonesty. Any attempts to fight this problem failed to produce satisfactory results. The diagnosis, even if correct, had to face reality, in which the pursuit of a better quality of life by the Party elites collided with the officially promoted ascetic lifestyles of the “ideological communists”, who, like Władysław Gomułka, did not understood the new times.
Źródło:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae; 2016, 34; 105-128
0081-6485
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Komisja Kultury KC PZPR – „dziecko” gomułkowskiej stabilizacji
Autorzy:
Chojnowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/608402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Gomułka Władysław
kultura masowa
nomenklatura
Październik ’56
polityka kulturalna
realizm socjalistyczny
Opis:
The Culture Commission of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party – a “Child” of the Gomułka–era StabilisationThe Culture Commission was established in the summer of 1957 and replaced the Department of Culture at the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party (CC PUWP). The Department had been composed of the employees the CC PUWP, but the Commission included both representatives of the Party and state bureaucracy as well as members of assorted milieus (under the condition that they belonged to the PUWP). In 1957 the CC PUWP created, alongside the Culture Commission, also a Foreign Commission, a Science Commission, a Publications Commission, etc. The notion to entrust public issues to institutions combining representatives of the apparatus of power and delegates of the interested milieus was characteristic for the Polish variant of the anti–Stalinist “thaw” and did not possess a counterpart in other states of the Soviet bloc. The Culture Commission emerged, if one were to perceive it via the prism of later events, during a transition period. The team created by Władysław Gomułka, who on a tide of de– Stalinisation assumed in October 1956 the function of First Secretary of the CC PUWP, attempted to rapidly stifle social emotions and, at the same time, to devise its own model of governance, a task that naturally required much time. Initially, the authorities regarded the question of culture as secondary. The Party intended to retain general control over this domain, but resigned from “control” and came to terms with pluralism within assorted forms of artistic expression. In 1958 there even emerged a pro–decentralisation conception, namely, to supplant the Ministry of Culture and Art with a Committee of Culture and Art composed of representatives of national councils, central offices, art associations, and social and professional organisations. Gradually, however, such tendencies waned, since the Party–state apparatus could not be itself within a social dialogue formula and preferred ruling by resorting to methods of prohibitions and injunctions. On their part, artistic circles, and men of letters in particular, called for expanding the sphere of creative freedom and, in particular, for a restriction of censorship. In this fashion a conflict between the two sides continued to grow. In the opinion of certain members of the Commission it was to represent the interests of representatives of the arts, especially as regards the freedom of expression and financial questions. Others perceived it as an expert institution assisting the Party leadership in formulating a cultural policy programme. The most permanent outcome of the functioning of the Commission involved numerous gathered data concerning cultural life in different parts of Poland. Otherwise, the Commission proved to be not very active and incapable of designating its realms of activity. In 1960 the Central Committee reactivated the Department of Culture and thus supervision over culture was restored to Party bureaucracy. The Commission was not dissolved but it gradually faded and the last traces of its existence come from 1964.
Źródło:
Dzieje Najnowsze; 2016, 48, 3
0419-8824
Pojawia się w:
Dzieje Najnowsze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Autonomous vehicles: basic issues
Autorzy:
Czech, P.
Turoń, K.
Barcik, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/198577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
autonomous vehicles
transport system
nomenclature
classification
pojazdy autonomiczne
system transportowy
nomenklatura
klasyfikacja
Opis:
The work was dedicated to the subject of innovative autonomous vehicles on the transport market. The paper presents basic information about autonomous cars: a nomenclature characteristic of autonomous vehicles, along with the terms “automatic”, “autonomous”, “self-drive” and “driverless”. The article also presents various types of autonomous cars based on the most popular classifications in the world. The purpose of the work is to present basic issues related to autonomous vehicles.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2018, 100; 15-22
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podatek akcyzowy a wewnątrzwspólnotowe nabycie pojazdu w praktyce organów podatkowych i sądów administracyjnych w Polsce (wybrane aspekty)
Excise Tax on the Intra-Community Acquisition of the Vehicle in the Tax Authorities Practice and Administrative Courts in Poland (Selected Aspects)
Autorzy:
Biały, Aneta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1804888.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-11-16
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
nabycie wewnątrzwspólnotowe
podatek akcyzowy
scalona nomenklatura
intra-Community acquisition
exercise tax
combined nomenclature
Opis:
Problematyka artykułu dotyka praktycznego zagadnienia związanego z wewnątrzwspólnotowym nabyciem pojazdu i jego kwalifikacji do właściwej pozycji Scalonej Nomenklatury. Poruszane kwestie są o tyle istotne, że bardzo często dochodzi do wydawania przez organy celne i sądy administracyjne odmiennych decyzji i orzeczeń na bazie takich samym stanów faktycznych i prawnych. Z tego też względu autorka podjęła próbę opisu działania tak organów i sądów, jak i podatników zobowiązanych do uiszczenia podatku akcyzowego, w razie zaliczenia pojazdu do pozycji CN 8703, mimo istnienia uzasadnionych podstaw zaliczenia pojazdu do pozycji CN 8704, co powoduje niebagatelne skutki prawne dla podatnika, tj. nie rodzi zobowiązania podatkowego.
The problem of the presented article concerns practical issues related to the intra-Community acquisition of a vehicle and its eligibility for the correct position of the Combined Nomenclature. The issues discussed in the article are of such importance that it often comes to the situation, in which the customs authorities and administrative courts take different decisions and judgments based on the same facts and law. Regarding the fact, the author has made an attempt to describe actions of such authorities and courts, as well as taxpayers liable to pay excise duty if the vehicle calls for CN heading 8703, although there are reasonable grounds for the vehicle to call for CN heading 8704, resulting in considerable legal consequences for the taxpayer, i.e. it does not bear the tax liability.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2016, 26, 2; 35-56
1507-7896
2544-5227
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Prawnych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 31

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