Temat: nitric oxides - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Catalytic reduction of nitrous oxide at a nitric acid plant in Bulgaria
Autorzy:: Stefanova, M.
Chuturkova, R.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207530.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:: catalysts
chemical plants
emission control
nitric acid
nitrogen oxides
catalytic decomposition
catalytic reduction
nitrous oxide
industrial emissions
katalizatory
zakłady chemiczne
kontrola emisji
kwas azotowy
tlenki azotu
rozkład katalityczny
redukcja katalityczna
podtlenek azotu
emisje przemysłowe
Opis:: A nitric acid plant in Devnya, Bulgaria has implemented a project for catalytic decomposition of nitrous oxide which resulted in reducing N2O emissions from the plant and the overall N2O emissions from the industrial sector in Bulgaria. After implementing the catalyst in September 2005 till the end of 2011, a total amount of 3133 Mg N2O emissions has been measured while the supposed value of N2O emissions without the catalyst being installed would have been 9747 Mg which means a total reduction of 6614 Mg. The results from the research prove the emission reduction potential of the catalyst.
Źródło:: Environment Protection Engineering; 2014, 40, 3; 87-97
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:: Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Estimation of nox conversion into oxide, platinum and combined oxide - platinum SCR catalyst
Autorzy:: Kamela, W.
Kruczyński, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246547.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engines
catalytic reactors
selective reduction
nitric oxides
air pollution
Opis:: The paper contains the results of the tests of the oxide, platinum and combined oxide-platinum catalytic reactor model used in the NH3-SCR system. As regards the combined oxide-platinum catalyst the first reactor block was extracted from the oxide catalyst used in trucks. As the second module of the reactor a block with platinum acting as a catalyst was used with 2.5g/dm3 platinum load. The only differences between the combined reactor system and the single platinum and oxide catalysts were connected with the reactors volume which in the case of the single reactors was two times higher than the volume of the corresponding blocks of the combined system. During the tests the ammonia concentration in the engine exhaust gases at the inlet of the reactors was set to 400 ppm. The article contains the results of the physical and chemical active surface structure tests of the reactors with their active surface chemical microanalysis and its topographic pictures performed and taken with the Scanning Electron Microscope. The results obtained from the tests of the influence of the reactor type on the NOX and NO conversion and the content of NO2 in NOX are presented in this article in the form of the function of their operating temperature. Additionally, the results of measured ammonia slip at the outlet of the reactors are presented. The obtained results have shown that the usage of the combined oxide-platinum reactor allows for widening the SCR system effective operating temperature range with a low ammonia slip at its outlet. This was achieved by use of the platinum reactor block which features a high nitric oxides conversion efficiency at the operating temperatures which are lower than those of the oxide catalyst and which can also provide the high ammonia spices conversion rangeto lower the ammonia slip at system outlet.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 195-202
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Examination of the ammonia dose influence on nitric oxides transformations into combined oxide - platinum SCR catalyst
Autorzy:: Kamela, W.
Kruczyński, S.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241805.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion engines
catalytic reactors
selective reduction
nitric oxides
air pollution
Opis:: This paper presents the test results obtained from the combined oxide-platinum catalytic reactor used in the NH3-SCR system. The first reactor block was extracted from the oxide catalyst used in trucks. As the second module of the reactor a block with platinum acting as a catalyst was used with 2.5g/dm3 platinum load. During the tests the ammonia concentrations in the engine exhaust gases at the inlet of the reactor system were set to 240, 320 and 400 ppm. The article contains the results of the physical and chemical active surface structure tests of both reactor blocks with their active surface chemical microanalysis and its topographic pictures performed and taken with the Scanning Electron Microscope. The results of the NOX and NO conversion and the content of NO2 in NOX are presented in this paper as the function of combined reactors system operating temperature with three different ammonia concentrations in the exhaust gases. Additionally, the results of the measured ammonia slip at the outlet of the combined reactor were presented. The obtained results have shown that the increase in ammonia dose at the inlet of the system increases the nitric oxides conversion with the minimum influence on the ammonia slip. By using the platinum based catalyst block it was possible to widen the whole reactor system effective operating temperature due to the high nitric oxides conversion efficiency of the platinum block achieved at low operating temperatures. A low ammonia slip at the outlet of the combined catalytic reactor was obtained by use of the platinum reactor block whose properties allow for the high ammonia conversion.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 4; 253-258
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Influence of the marine 4 - stroke diesel engine malfunctions on the nitric oxides emission
Autorzy:: Lewińska, J.
Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247875.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: emission
malfunction
piston engine
marine engine
nitric oxides
Opis:: The article presents the results of the laboratory study on nitric oxides (NOx) emission level from marine fourstroke diesel engine. The object of the study was laboratory piston engine, operating at constant speed. Measured engine parameters were necessary to determine the NOx emission in accordance of the requirements of the Annex VI to MARPOL 73/78 Convention. The study consisted of tests during the engine operation without malfunctions and engine operation with simulated malfunctions. Malfunctions of the charge gas exchange in the form of throttling of the air intake duct and the throttling of the exhaust gas duct were taken into account in the simulations. Measurements during the engine operation with simulated malfunctions of the fuel pump on one of the cylinders were also carried out. Mentioned malfunctions were delay of the fuel injection by 5° of the crankshaft angle position and the leakage of the fuel pump of the second engine cylinder. The simulated malfunctions decrease the total weighted NOx emission in all considered the engine loads. All simulated malfunctions resulted in an increase of the NOx emissions during engine operation at low the engine loads and a decrease of the mentioned emission at maximum the engine loads operation. The calculations of the weighted specific fuel consumption present a little change in engine efficiency which are within the range of measuring error of the used method.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 171-177
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Kontrola stężenia NOx w procesie spalania gazu ziemnego
The control of NOx concentration in natural gas combustion process
Autorzy:: Poskart, A.
Zajemska, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1208165.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego. Zakład Wydawniczy CHEMPRESS-SITPChem
Tematy:: tlenki azotu
spalanie
numeryczne modelowanie
CHEMKIN
nitric oxides
combustion
numerical modeling
Opis:: W artykule podjęto problematykę formowania tlenków azotu w procesie spalania gazu ziemnego przy zmiennej wartości stosunku nadmiaru powietrza i temperatury. Wymienione parametry odgrywają bowiem istotną rolę w powstawaniu NOx, o czym świadczą zaprezentowane wyniki badań oraz liczne publikacje. Kontrola tych parametrów pozwala ograniczyć ilość formowanych tlenków azotu. W ramach badań przeprowadzono eksperyment laboratoryjny oraz obliczenia numeryczne, mające na celu określenie wpływu stosunku nadmiaru powietrza i temperatury na udział NOx w spalinach. Pomiaru stężenia NOx dokonano w piecu elektryczno-gazowym za pomocą analizatora Testo 350. Przeprowadzono też symulacje komputerowe z wykorzystaniem programu CHEMKIN. Otrzymane wyniki badań doświadczalnych i modelowych przedstawiono graficznie oraz dokonano ich analizy porównawczej.
Article discusses the problem of nitrogen oxides formation during the natural gas combustion with variable excess air factor and temperature. These parameters play an important role in the NOx formation, as evidenced by present results of research and numerous publications. control of these parameters allows to limit the amount of formed nitrogen oxides. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of excess air factor and temperature on the part of NOx in the exhaust. Research consisted of conducting laboratory experiments and performing numerical calculations. NOx concentrations were measured in the electric- gas furnace using gas analyzer Testo 350. Furthermore, computer simulations were carried out using the program CHEMKIN. The obtained experimental and model results were presented graphically and there was made a comparative analysis.
Źródło:: Chemik; 2013, 67, 10; 848-855
0009-2886
Pojawia się w:: Chemik
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Oddziaływanie wybranych gazowych zanieczyszczeń powietrza na rośliny drzewiaste
The effect of selected gaseous air pollutants on woody plants
Autorzy:: Baciak, M.
Warmiński, K.
Bęś, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311966.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:: zanieczyszczenia powietrza
zanieczyszczenia gazowe
dwutlenek siarki
tlenki azotu
ozon
bioindykacja
oddzialywanie na rosliny
bioindykatory
rosliny drzewiaste
uszkodzenia drzew
zamieranie drzew
forest degradation
air pollution
ozone
sulfur dioxide
nitric oxides
Opis:: The article discusses gaseous air pollutants that have the greatest impact on forest ecosystems. This group of pollutants includes sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxides (NO and NO2) and ozone (O3). In the 20th century, the major contributor to forest degradation was sulfur dioxide, a gaseous substance with direct and powerful phytotoxic and acidifying effects. Since then, sulfur dioxide emissions have been significantly reduced in Europe and North America, but they continue to grow in East Asia along with China’s economic boom. Nitric oxides affect woody plants directly by entering through the stomata and indirectly through soil acidification and environmental eutrophication. Ozone, in turn, is found in photochemical smog and is produced by conversion of its precursors (nitric oxides, organic compounds and carbon monoxide). It is a strong oxidizing agent which disrupts various physiological processes, mostly photosynthesis and water use in plants, but is also the air pollutant that exerts the most toxic effect on forest ecosystems.
Źródło:: Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 4; 401-409
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:: Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Optymalizacja procesu utleniania NOx w procesie syntezy HNO3 z zastosowaniem programu Aspen Plus
Optimalization of NOx oxidation in the process of HNO3 production using Aspen Plus
Autorzy:: Nieweś, D.
Kaniewski, M.
Popławski, D.
Huculak-Mączka, M.
Klem-Marciniak, E.
Hoffmann, J.
Hoffmann, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/126392.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:: Aspen Plus
tlenki azotu
optymalizacja
kwas azotowy
nitrogen oxides
optimization
nitric acid
Opis:: Kwas azotowy(V) jest związkiem chemicznym, którego większość przemysłowej produkcji jest wykorzystywana do wytwarzania nawozów azotowych. Ze względu na ciągły wzrost zapotrzebowania na produkty azotowe, który podyktowany jest dynamicznym wzrostem populacji ludności świata, produkcja HNO₃ ciągle wzrasta. Istotnym problemem w przypadku syntezy HNO₃ jest kwestia zanieczyszczeń, głównie gazowych, które są generowane w trakcie procesu. Głównym celem badań było wykorzystanie symulacji komputerowej procesu utleniania mieszaniny gazowej tlenków azotu, powstałej po utlenieniu amoniaku, do innych form tlenkowych. Określono optymalne parametry procesowe pozwalające na otrzymanie jak najwyższego stężenia kwasu azotowego(V). Pozwala to na uzyskanie maksymalnego stopnia przereagowania NO_x do końcowego produktu, co jednocześnie minimalizuje ilość gazów odlotowych stanowiących odpad poprodukcyjny. Analizę procesu oparto na symulacji komputerowej wykonanej w programie Aspen Plus. Optymalizowanym parametrem był strumień molowy gazowych produktów utleniania amoniaku, poddawanych dalszemu utlenieniu do NO_x. Wykonana analiza pozwoliła na określenie zależności stężenia kwasu azotowego(V), a także stopnia przereagowania NO_x do HNO₃, od optymalizowanego parametru.
Nitric acid is a chemical compound that is mostly used in the nitrate fertilizers production. Due to an increased demand for nitrogen compounds, which is caused by the growth in the global population, the production of nitric acid is increasing. An important issue in HNO₃ production are the gaseous pollutants, which are generated during the process. The main objective of this study was the computer simulation of the oxidation process, where the substrate was a gas mixture formed after ammonia oxidation process. The essence of this process was the oxidation of gaseous mixture comprised of nitrogen oxides and oxygen to other nitrogen oxides. Optimal process parameters to obtain the highest HNO₃ concentration were chosen. This allows to get the maximum NO_x conversion and minimized concentration of NO_x in a waste gas stream. Analysis of process parameters was based on the computer simulation in Aspen Plus. Molar flow of gaseous oxidation products of ammonia was optimized. Obtained results allowed to determine the dependency of the concentration of nitric acid and NO_x to HNO₃ conversion on optimized parameter.
Źródło:: Proceedings of ECOpole; 2017, 11, 2; 553-559
1898-617X
2084-4557
Pojawia się w:: Proceedings of ECOpole
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Research on influence of change marine diesel engine of charging air parameters on its nitrogen oxides emission
Autorzy:: Witkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247498.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2010
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: laboratory tests
supercharging air pressure
exhaust gas content
emission of nitric oxides
heavy fuel oils
Opis:: The article presents the results of experimental tests of the influence of charging air pressure on content of exhaust gas, especially content nitric oxides (NOx), ofship diesel engine supplied with marine heavy fuel oil IF 40. Nitric oxides emissions for a given engine will depend on charging air parameters. Change of air parameters in this method of reducing NOX emissions involves cooling the air and changes in pressure at the beginning of compression stroke. The process of cooling the scavenging air means decreases the inlet air temperature and at the same time decreases the maximum cylinder temperature. Atmosphere protection against pollution on sea vessels covers one of the most important areas of human ecological activity which has its own history as well as some achievements. The most crucial ones include 73/78 MARPOL Convention (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) referring to prevention against marine environment pollution, and later amendments to the Convention with Annex VI (Regulation for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships) dealing with reducing the emission of nitric oxides and sulphur oxides into the atmosphere by sea vessels engines.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 2; 505-510
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: Research on influence of selected failures on the exhaust gas content of ship diesel engine working on heayy fuel oil
Autorzy:: Witkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245333.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: laboratory tests
exhaust gas content
emission of nitric oxides
heavy fuel oils
Opis:: The article is devoted to problems connected with pollution of the atmosphere by ship engines. Atmosphere protection against pollution on sea vessels covers one of the most important areas of human ecological activity which has its own history as well as some achievements. The most crucial ones include 73/78 MARPOL Convention (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) referring to prevention against marine environment pollution, and later amendments to the Convention with Annex VI (Regulation for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships) dealing with reducing the emission of nitric oxides and sulphur oxides into the atmosphere by sea vessels engines Nitric oxides emissions from a given engine will depend on engine technical condition. Therefore it was to decided execute laboratory tests on influence of selected failures ship diesel engine, on its exhaust gas content, first of all on change nitric oxygen emission level. The article presents the results of experimental tests of the influence of charging air pressure, injection advance angle and injector opening pressure on content of exhaust gas, especially content nitric oxides (NOx), of ship diesel engine supplied with marine heavyfuel oil IF4.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 507-512
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Research on influence of some ship diesel engine malfunctions on its exhaust gas toxicity
Autorzy:: Krzyżanowski, J.
Witkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259445.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2004
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: ochrona powietrza
emisja tlenku azotu
testy laboratoryjne
atmosphere protection
emission of nitric oxides
laboratory test
Opis:: This paper is a continuation of the previous articles of the authors, published in Polish Maritime Research [1, 2], devoted to pollution of the atmosphere due ship diesel engines in operation. In the paper presented are results of the investigations carried out in the Gdynia Maritime Academy laboratory with the use of a ship one-cylinder diesel engine combusting heavy fuel oil. Two its possible malfunctions: changes of fuel injection pressure and changes of injection advance angle were simulated. Both malfunctions, which might occur as a result of incorrect engine regulation or wearing or contamination of engine elements, were simulated separately. The presented investigations were focused on finding out relationships between the assumed malfunctions and exhaust gas content, especially content of nitric oxides (NOx), very toxic compoŹunds. The paper is ended by several conclusions arising from analysis of the results which have - apart from their cognitive merits - also an utilitarian character as they may be put into practice by ship operators, provided that some limitations resulting from the specific conditions of the reported laboratory investigations are appropriately taken into account.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2004, 1; 24-26
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: The effect of waterin emulsion fuel on nitric oxides concentration in diesel engine exhausts
Wpływ dodatku wody w paliwie emulsyjnym na stężenie tlenków azotu w spalinach silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym
Autorzy:: Kolanek, Cz.
Kułażyński, M.
Sroka, Z.
Walkowiak, W.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245674.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
paliwo
emulsja wodna
tlenki
combustion engines
fuel
water-emulsion
nitric oxides
Opis:: Nitric oxides (NO) concentration in exhaust gases of self-ignition engine is a result of air usage for hydrocarbon fuel compounds oxidation in combustion process. The methods of limitation of NOx concentration based on adjusting optimization of injection advance angle and they are responsible for aim conflict in exhaust smokiness sphere. The progressive expectation of European Union, defined by Euro V and still discussable Euro VI implementation, caused a necessary of reaching for solutions apart from an engine like exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and diesel particle filters - DPF. The method of water addition (especially the most effective - in water-fuel emulsion form) to combustion process has been known since years. This paper presents the results of the researches which aim was to investigate nitric oxides concentration in exhausts of one-cylinder self-ignition engine (typeS301D)fueled l0%, 20%, 30% water-emulsion fuel. Using of emulsion cut down emission nitric oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide and smoking of an engine with relation to fuelled with diesel oil. Using of the fuel containing 20% H2O cut down emission NO approx. 61%, emission NOx approx.67%, carbon monoxide approx. 20% with relation to fuelled with diesel oil.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu zasilania silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym (typu S301D) paliwem emulsyjnym, zawierającym 10, 20 i 30% wody. Obserwowano stężenia tlenku azotu i tlenków azotu, tlenku węgla oraz dymienie silnika. W celu porównania efektów wyznaczono emisje jednostkowe poszczególnych wielkości i odniesiono je do takich wielkości wyznaczonych dla handlowego oleju napędowego. W przypadku NOx i CO zaobserwowano ekstremum efektu dla zawartości 20% wody; w przypadku dymienia silnika maksymalny efekt odpowiada maksymalnemu udziałowi wody w paliwie. Użycie paliwa emulsyjnego obniża emisję tlenków azotu (NO), tlenku węgla (CO) i dymienie silnika (S) w stosunku do zasilania olejem napędowym. W obszarze tlenku azotu (NO) użycie paliwa zawierającego 20% H2O spowodowało obniżenie emisji NO do poziomu 61% w stosunku do zasilania olejem napędowym. W obszarze tlenku węgla (CO) użycie paliwa zawierającego 20% H2O obniża emisję do poziomu 20% w stosunku do zasilania silnika olejem napędowym W obszarze tlenków azotu (NO) użycie paliwa zawierającego 20% H2O obniżyło emisję NOx do poziomu 67% w stosunku do zasilania olejem napędowym.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 227-232
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: The impact of particulate matter (PM) and nitric oxides (NOx) on human health and an analysis of selected sources accounting for their emission in Poland
Autorzy:: Krzeszowiak, Jakub
Stefanow, Damian
Pawlas, Krystyna
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/767079.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:: air pollution
human health
nitric oxides
particulate matter
Opis:: Introduction and objective: This paper is concerned with the harmful impact of nitric oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) on humans. The objective was to determine which source of emission is the most urgent in terms of its reduction.Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge: In published epidemiological studies multiple notifications indicating the harmful impact of particulate matter on human health can be found. The harmful impact is underscored by the increase in the number of hospitalisations owing to diseases of respiratory and cardio-vascular systems, as well as by the rise in general fatality rate. The analysis of the PM impact on the human body is prompted by the fact that its detrimental effects are not clearly defined. Additionally, nitric oxides contribute to the increased number of exacerbations of respiratory disease and are a factor increasing susceptibility to development of local inflammation. Conclusions: The following study is meant to show that the air pollution which derives from vehicles (NOx and PM) has a significant impact on human health. This applies particularly to residents of cities and big towns. This issue has gained special importance in Poland. According to the data from the Central Statistical Office, the increasing number of vehicles in use and their age lead to increased emission of the pollutants considered.
Źródło:: Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine; 2016, 19, 3; 7-15
1505-7054
2084-6312
Pojawia się w:: Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: The issue of the atmosphere protection against toxic compounds gas emissions in maritime transport
Autorzy:: Witkowski, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242376.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: laboratory tests
supercharging air pressure
exhaust gas content
emission of nitric oxides
vessels propulsions
diesel engines
air humidification
Miller systems
Opis:: The paper discusses influence of the charging air parameters marine diesel engine on the emission toxic compounds in aspect of protecting the atmosphere against pollution from the sea vessels, pointed to the possibility of reducing NOx emissions by changing the parameters of charging air. In this group of activities undertaken to reduce nitric oxides emissions applied inter alia cooling the air and changes in pressure at the beginning of compression stroke. This is discussed in the background of normative acts, in particular the 73/78 MARPOL Convention (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships) referring to prevention against marine environment pollution, and later amendments to the Convention with Annex VI (Regulation for the Prevention of Air Pollution from Ships) dealing with reducing the emission of nitric oxides and sulphur oxides into the atmosphere by sea vessels engines.It was also discussed the issue of air humidification as a method to reduce NOx by injecting hot water into a stream of pumped air. This is an overview on the example of two methods proposed for using in marine engines: CASS (Combustion Air Saturation System), HAM (Humid Air Motor system). The results of experimental tests of the influence of charging air pressure on content of exhaust gas, especially content nitric oxides (NOx), of ship diesel engine supplied with marine heavy fuel oil IF40 have been presented in this paper.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 3; 293-300
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: The NOx emission estimation by the artificial neural network: the analyze
Autorzy:: Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244207.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: emission
NOx
nitric oxides
ANN
artificial neural network
perceptron
ship diesel engine
Opis:: The paper presents the preliminary investigations of nitric oxides (NOx) estimation from marine two-stroke engines. The Annex VI to Marpol Convention enforce to ship-owners necessity of periodical direct measurements of the NOx emission from the ship engines. It is very expensive procedure but with a low accuracy. Presented investigations show the possibility of estimation the NOx emission without direct measurements but using the artificial neural network (ANN). The paper presents method of choice the input data influenced on NOx emission and configuration of ANN and effects of calculations. The input data poses 15 parameters of engine working, influencing on NOx emission. The output data, necessary to learning the network, were NOx concentration in engine exhaust gases. We take into account two types of ANN; the 3-layer perceptron (MLP) with number of neurons in the hidden layer from 10 to 20 and the radial basis function neural network (RBF) with number of neurons in the hidden layer from 10 to 80. The input, validation and verification data was obtained from laboratory tests. After procedure of network configuration, the chosen ANN was learned by back propagation method. During this operation the weights of neurons were changed to minimize the root mean square error. We obtained ANN's, which allow us to estimate the NOx emission from laboratory engine with accuracy, comparable with Annex VI regulations.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 225-232
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: The NOx emission estimation by the artificial neural network: the results
Autorzy:: Kowalski, J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244752.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: emission
NOx
nitric oxides
ANN
artificial neural network
perception
ship diesel engine
Opis:: The paper presents the preliminary investigations of nitric oxides (NOx) estimation from marine two-stroke engines. The Annex VI to Marpol Convention enforce to ship - owners necessity of periodical direct measurements of the NOx emission from the ship engines. It is very expensive procedure but with a low accuracy. Presented investigations show the possibility of estimation the NOx emission without direct measurements but using the artificial neural network (ANN). The paper presents chosen structures of ANN's usable to NOx emission estimation, the laboratory investigations and effects of estimation NOx emission. The paper reports the effects of investigations during different points of load the engine, with constant and changeable air/fuel equivalence ratio. The detailed results of measurement and calculation of NOx concentration in the exhaust gases of marine two-stroke diesel engine were presented. The results show that the multilayer perception neural network (MLP) is sufficient to NOx emission estimation during onboard exploitation. The MLP network with 15 neurons in the hidden layer has best accuracy for data sets collected during running the engine with speed equal 200 rpm and constant air/fuel equivalence ratio and for both considered speeds of the engine with changeable air/fuel equivalence ratio.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 269-276
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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