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Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie budek lęgowych na siedliskach borowych w Puszczy Augustowskiej
Using nest-boxes in pine stands of the Augustow Forest
Autorzy:
Zawadzki, G.
Zawadzki, J.
Zawadzka, D.
Sołtys, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1291385.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
Polska Polnocno-Wschodnia
Puszcza Augustowska
siedliska borowe
lasy iglaste
budki legowe
zasiedlenie
ptaki
dziuplaki
sukces legowy
mucholowka zalobna
Ficedula hypoleuca
bogatka
Parus major
sosnowka
Periparus ater
pleszka
Phoenicurus phoenicurus
czubatka
Lophophanes cristatus
modraszka
Cyanistes caeruleus
czarnoglowka
Poecile montanus
kowalik
Sitta europaea
kretoglow
Jynx torquilla
soweczka
Glaucidium passerinum
północno-wschodnia Polska
sukces lęgowy
breeding success
coniferous forest
North-Eastern Poland
secondary hole-nesting birds
Opis:
In 2011–2014, the occupancy of nest-boxes by secondary hole-nesting birds and their breeding success was investigated in pine stands of the Augustów Forest (North-Eastern Poland). In the studied area of 12600 ha, the share of Scots Pine Pinus sylvestris L. in the stands was 92%. On average, birds occupied 54% and bats 3% of the 224–317 nest boxes controlled yearly. Nest boxes were also used by the Pygmy Owl Glaucidium passerinum L. as food caches. In total, broods of nine secondary hole-nesting species were observed, but only four bird species nested in each year of study. The most numerous species, occupying 53–60% of all boxes each year was the Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca Pall. The Great Tit Parus major L. occupied 15–24% and the Coal Tit Periparus ater L. 10–12% of available nest-boxes, while the Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus L. used 2–7% of nest boxes. The yearly breeding success was highest for tits (Great Tit – 52–84%, Coal Tit – 50–72%) and strongly variable for the Pied Flycatchers – 38–78%. Broods were lost due to predation by martens Martes sp. (38%) and great spotted woodpeckers Dendrocopos major L. (6%) as well as nest competition (2%). The nest-boxes were occupied at a constant rate during the following four years after their exposition. Over 67% of the new nest-boxes were occupied annually which means new nest-boxes (up to 4 years) were occupied significantly more often than boxes older than 4 years.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2019, 80, 2
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybór drzew gniazdowych przez myszołowa, jastrzębia i kruka w Puszczy Augustowskiej
Choosing the trees for nesting by the Buzzard, Goshawk and Raven in the Augustow Forest
Autorzy:
Zawadzki, G.
Zawadzka, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987067.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lasy
ornitologia
ptaki drapiezne
jastrzab
Accipiter gentilis
myszolow
Buteo buteo
kruk
Corvus corax
drzewa gniazdowe
lokalizacja
preferencje siedliskowe
Puszcza Augustowska
accipiter gentilis
buteo buteo
corvus corax
nesting trees preference
Opis:
Preferences of the Buzzard, Goshawk and Raven in choosing the trees for nesting were studied in northern part of the Augustów Forest (NE Poland) in 2014−2016 years. Study area is dominated by fresh and mixed fresh sites with Scots pine as a dominant species (86% of the forest area). Nests were searched in stands older than 60 years. We found 60 nests of Buzzard, 11 of Goshawk, and 31 of Raven. The diameter and the height of nest trees, the height of nest location, and length of tree crowns were measured. Diameter and height of surrounding trees were also determined. In total, 11 features of nest trees were assessed. For the location their nests, all analysed bird species preferred trees bigger and higher than neighbouring ones. The oldest stands (above 100 years old) were also preferred. The Raven built nests on trees average 139 years old, Goshawk – 119, while Buzzard – 109. Raven nested only on Scots pine, Goshawk on Norway spruce and Scots pine, while Buzzard on silver birch, Scots pine, European larch and Norway spruce. The Buzzard selected for nest trees growing in average distance about 1500 m from forest edge, while Goshawk and Raven preferred nest in a similar distance from the forest edge (707−783 m). Distance of the nests from forest road were similar for Buzzard and Goshawk – about 60 m, and in case Raven it was only 38 m. Raven chose for nesting old−growth islands located on forest edge, or even single old tree growing on plantation. The greatest plasticity in the nest location and habitat diversity was found for Buzzard. Both Goshawk and Raven had more precisely marked habitat and nest preferences.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 08; 669-676
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ hałasu drogowego na ptaki leśne - eksperyment z wykorzystaniem budek lęgowych
Influence of road traffic on woodland birds - an experiment with using of nestboxes
Autorzy:
Wiącek, J.
Kucharczyk, M.
Polak, M.
Kucharczyk, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991152.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
infrastruktura drogowa
ruch drogowy
halas komunikacyjny
oddzialywanie na srodowisko
oddzialywanie na zwierzeta
ptaki lesne
budki legowe
zasiedlenie
bogatka
Parus major
mucholowka zalobna
Ficedula hypoleuca
sosnowka
Parus ater
sikora modra
Parus caeruleus
kowalik
Sitta europaea
gniazdowanie
legi ptakow
presja drapieznika
road traffic noise
hole−nesting birds
habitat quality
predator pressure
Opis:
We investigated whether high−intensity road traffic affects the nestbox occupancy pattern of secondary hole−nesting birds. Field studies were carried out in two forests in south−eastern Poland (Lasy Janowskie forest and Polichna forest). Both complexes were included in NATURA 2000 network. In our knowledge it was first field experiment on road−traffic noise influence on forest birds, conducted in the Polish environmental conditions. The results of this experiment can be used in work on the impact of road projects on forest birds. Nestboxes were hung at twelve linear transects located perpendicularly to the busy road and they were regularly inspected in 2011−2012. Road noise was measured by use of a digital measurer of sound level at each nestbox. Monitoring the activity of predators on the study area was done with the help of digital trail cameras and experiment with use of artificial nest with eggs. Noise level decreased with distance from the road. In the first year of experiment we observed that the birds settled preferentially habitats in the vicinity of road. However in next season the number of occupied nestboxes was independent from the distance from road. We found that the pressure caused by predators on the study area was very low, creating safer nesting places for birds. Our results provide evidence that these birds are well adapted to cope with anthropogenic noise. Some species of birds preferred nesting in neighbourhood of road.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 08; 630-64
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variance components estimation in generalized orthogonal models
Autorzy:
Fernandes, Célia
Ramos, Paulo
Ferreira, Sandra
Mexia, João
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729930.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
generalized orthogonal models
variance components
generalized cross nesting designs
Opis:
The model $y = ∑_{j=1}^w X_j β̲_j + e̲$ is generalized orthogonal if the orthogonal projection matrices on the range spaces of matrices $X_j$, j = 1, ..., w, commute. Unbiased estimators are obtained for the variance components of such models with cross-nesting.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2007, 27, 1-2; 99-115
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Tidal on the Nesting Activity of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758)) at Pangumbahan Beach, Sukabumi Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Autorzy:
Adiluhung, M. Boy
Riyantini, Indah
Sunarto, Sunarto
Faizal, Ibnu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Chelonia mydas
Green Turtle
Nesting Activities
Pangumbahan
Tides
Opis:
Green turtles (Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758)) take advantage of the sand beach area as a stopover and carry out biological activities such as nesting and laying eggs. Pangumbahan Beach is one of the green turtle conservation places which is directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean. Tides affect physical processes such as the flushing of seawater on to the coast due to waves and flushing of water masses in estuaries, lagoons, and bays. This research aims to determine the effect of tides on the Green Turtle's nesting activity (Chelonia mydas). This research was conducted in July-September 2020, using observation and survey methods, and was analyzed descriptively. The data used include beach width, beach slope, tidal data, and landing data for Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas). A type of beach with a slope of 1.77° - 5.77° with an overall average of 3.4°, the Formzahl number value obtained at tide is 0.55, indicating the mixed type tidal type tends to double daily (Mixed, predominantly semi-diurnal tide). The results of this study indicate that the landing times and the formation of green turtle nests (Chelonia mydas) do not correlate with rising tides. The average effect of tides on green turtle egg-nesting activity (Chelonia mydas) was 0.111%, while the tidal effect on green turtle nesting activity (Chelonia mydas) was 4.09%. The highest frequency of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) nesting activity occurred between 22:00 and 02:00.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2021, 154; 48-65
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stable hypothesis for mixed models with balanced cross-nesting
Autorzy:
Ferreira, Dário
Mexia, João
Ferreira, Sandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
generalized F tests
mixed balanced models
cross-nesting
Opis:
Stable hypothesis are hypothesis that may refer either for the fixed part or for the random part of the model. We will consider such hypothesis for models with balanced cross-nesting. Generalized F tests will be derived. It will be shown how to use Monte-Carlo methods to evaluate p-values for those tests.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2005, 25, 2; 241-249
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial characteristics of the Hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricate Linnaeus, 1766) nesting beach on Kepayang Island, Belitung - Indonesia
Autorzy:
Harahap, Syawaludin A.
Prihadi, Donny J.
Virando, Gravito E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031644.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Eretmochelys imbricate
Kepayang Island
habitat characteristics
hawksbill
nesting beach
Opis:
Hawksbill sea turtles are scattered in Indonesia, especially on small uninhabited islands and are the only species of turtle most bound to tropical waters. The hawksbill has experienced a drastic decline in population mainly due to bycatch in fishing activities and disturbance of the nesting habitats due to anthropogenic presence. Kepayang Island in Belitung is one of the areas used as hawksbill as a habitat for nesting to laying eggs. To get information about hawksbill on this island, a study was conducted to find out the characteristics of hawksbill nesting beaches on Kepayang Island, Belitung. The survey was carried out in July 2014 and successfully identified 12 nests as an observation sample. Observations show that the coast of Kepayang Island where nesting turtles have a narrow beach width of less than 20 m with a slope of between 10° to 16° and an average intertidal area as wide as 11.5 meters. The texture of sand in the nest is coarse to fine sand which is dominated by fine and medium sand and has a temperature of around 27.7 °C to 30.2 °C measured at the bottom of the nest. The range of sand pH distribution on Kepayang Island is between 6 to 8 with a moisture content of 3.1 to 6.6%. The coastal vegetation formation in Kepayang Island is dominated by Barringtonia and Pescaprae with vegetation in the form of screwpine (Pandanus tectorius), railroad vine (Ipomoea pescaprae) and Barringtonia (Barringtonia asiatica). However, there are predators of turtle eggs and hatchlings, especially water monitor lizards (Varanus salvator), sea birds e.g. brahminy kite (Haliastur indus) and gulls (Chlidonias leucopterus). In general, Kepayang Island has characteristics suitable for hawksbill nesting sites.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 146; 152-169
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PSYCHOSOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF NESTING AS PERCEIVED BY ADULT CHILDREN LIVING WITH THEIR PARENTS
Autorzy:
Bieńko, Mariola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/646837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Tematy:
adulthood, young adults, parents, nesting
Opis:
One of the developmental tasks of early adulthood is autonomy expressed through living outside one’s family home. This is being postponed increasingly often, and this process of deferment, called nesting (in this context: remaining in the original “nest”, rather than starting one’s own), is increasingly common among young adultsaged between 18 and 34. Sociologists indicate a variety of transitions from youth to adulthood as a result of the fading of a strict interrelation between leaving the home and gaining economic independence and starting one’s own family.The aim of this article is to present qualitative study results based on 42 interviews with women and men, aged between 27 and 38, who live with their parents in Warsaw. This analysis is focused on showing the process of nesting in the context of relationships between young adults and their parents. Studies show that “extension” of the youth phase is a result the subjects’ fear of lack of satisfactory financial prospects in adult life and what they perceive as their parents’ overprotectiveness.
Źródło:
Studia Humanistyczne AGH; 2018, 17, 4
2084-3364
Pojawia się w:
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przebieg lęgów wsiedlonych kuropatw pochodzących z hodowli – badania radiotelemetryczne
Course of breeding of released hand-reared grey partridges – radiotelemetry studies
Autorzy:
Kamieniarz, R.
Panek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wsiedlenia
kuropatwa
Perdix perdix
samice
przezywalnosc
radiotelemetria
łowiectwo
ptaki łowne
przeżywalność
lęgi ptaków
metody badań
hand−reared grey partridges
perdix perdix
release
nesting
breeding success
Opis:
The aim of the study was to collect information about the course and results of breeding of hand−reared grey partridges. In the years 1997 and 2000−2001, 15 released females were radiotagged in the second half of April and observed to the end of July in western Poland. A half of the hand−reared females died within first several days. No clear differences in the course of nesting between hand−reared and wild partridges were observed, both in the case of clutch sizes and nest locations, as well as in incubation start dates. However, none of the observed hand−reared females achieved breeding success because of their high mortality as well as clutch and chick losses. The main cause of losses during breeding season were carnivores.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2011, 155, 11; 778-783
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Protection of eggs and chicks against flooding as a part of nesting strategy of pygoscelid penguins at King George Island, South Shetlands
Autorzy:
Moczydłowski, Eugeniusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2053140.pdf
Data publikacji:
1989
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Antarctic
pygoscelid penguins
nesting strategy
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 1989, 10, 2; 163-181
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O układzie gniazdowym w dawnych słownikach
On nesting layout in old dictionaries
Autorzy:
Lenartowicz-Zagrodna, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1591227.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
development of Polish lexicography
Polish lexicography in the 16th to 19th centuries
lexicographer workshop
nesting layout
rozwój polskiej leksykografii
leksykografia polska XVI–XIX wieku
warsztat leksykografa
porządek gniazdowy
Opis:
Artykuł poświęcony został układowi gniazdowemu, stanowiącemu jeden z czterech podstawowych sposobów porządkowania materiału (obok układów: alfabetycznego, rzeczowego i treściowego) w dawnych pracach słownikarskich. Podstawą materiałową uczyniono słowniki przekładowe Jana Mączyńskiego, Mikołaja Volckmara, Łukasza Brzezwickiego, Andrzeja Fabera, Jerzego Koźmińskiego, Celestyna Mrongowiusza oraz ogólny słownik polszczyzny Samuela Bogumiła Lindego. Celem analizy było zbadanie, czym różniły się typy gniazdowania stosowane przez autorów słowników tworzących między XVI a XIX wiekiem. Podjęta została próba odpowiedzi na pytania jak współczesne założenia teoretyczne przekładają się na ówczesną praktykę i co nazywa się układem gniazdowym. Podczas analiz odwoływano się do ustaleń badaczy dawnych leksykonów, niekiedy je weryfikując.
The article presents the nesting layout, which is one of the four basic ways of arranging material (in addition to alphabetical, content and subject orders) in ancient lexicographical works, on the basis of the translation dictionaries of Jan Mączyński, Mikołaj Volckmar, Łukasz Brzezwicki, Andrzej Faber, Jerzy Koźmiński, Celestyn Mrongowiusz and the general dictionary of the Polish Language of Samuel Bogumił Linde. The purpose of the analysis was to find out the differences in nesting used by authors of dictionaries created between the 16th and 19th centuries. The article is an attempt to answer the questions of how the contemporary theoretical assumptions translate into practice of the above mentioned lexicographical works and what the nesting layout was. In the analyses there were many references to what researchers investigating ancient lexicons had established; in some cases their findings were verified.
Źródło:
Studia Językoznawcze; 2018, 17; 229-241
1730-4180
2353-3161
Pojawia się w:
Studia Językoznawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Naturalne siedliska jerzyków a prace termomodernizacyjne budynków
Natural habitats of swift – birds eliminating the problem of insects in cities and thermo-modernization works of buildings
Autorzy:
Ksit, Barbara
Gatniejewski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/161934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polski Związek Inżynierów i Techników Budownictwa
Tematy:
jerzyk zwyczajny
budka lęgowa
siedlisko
status prawny
termomodernizacja
budynek
swift
nesting box
habitat
legal status
thermomodernization
building
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wytyczne prawne termomodernizacji budynków, odnośnie ochrony środowiska. Opisano status prawny jerzyka jako przedstawiciela ginącego gatunku, który w istotny sposób może wpłynąć na poprawę komfortu środowiskowego siedlisk ludzkich.
The article presents legal guidelines for thermomodernization of buildings regarding environmental protection. The swift’s legal status was described as a representative of a dying species that could significantly improve the environmental comfort of human habitats.
Źródło:
Przegląd Budowlany; 2020, 91, 3; 39-41
0033-2038
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Budowlany
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
F and selective F tests with balanced cross-nesting and associated models
Autorzy:
Nunes, Célia
Pinto, Iola
Mexia, João
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729986.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
selective F tests
associated models
cross-nesting
Opis:
F tests and selective F tests for fixed effects part of balanced models with cross-nesting are derived. The effects of perturbations in the numerator and denominator of the F statistics are considered.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics; 2006, 26, 2; 193-205
1509-9423
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae Probability and Statistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diversity of birds communities in the Vyhraivski Dachi tract on the gradient of forest transformation
Różnorodność zgrupowań ptaków w Wyhrajiwśkich Daczach w gradiencie transformacji rekreacyjnej lasu
Autorzy:
Gaychenko, V.
Shupova, T.
Cherniaiev, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2053031.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Tematy:
indexes of β-diversity
synanthropization of birds communities
nesting birds
diversity recreational
transformation by forests
Opis:
The material was collected in June 2020 in the forest-steppe zone. A total of 42 species of nesting birds have been identifi ed. Their relative abundance averaged 2.1±0.42 pairs/km. 34 species (2.8±0.53) nest in the reserve, 19 (3.4±0.70) in the forest not protected by the conservation status, 21 (7.7±0.88) in the camping area, recreation centre – 33 species (5.5±0.62 pairs/km). All dominants of communities are hemisinanthropes: Fringilla сoelebs, Turdus merula, Phylloscopus collybita, Passer montanus. On the gradient of recreational transformation, the synanthropization index of bird communities and the relative abundance of synanthropes increase. The main factor in the formation of α- and β-diversity of bird communities is the regulation of human activity. The living conditions associated with the culture of human behaviour and the protection of the territory at the recreation centre increase the diversity of nesting stations of birds (nests in buildings and in nest boxes), ensuring protection of birds from ruining nests. There is a redistribution of nesting species in favour of protected forest areas, an increase in the α-diversity of their communities, which results in the similarity of the bird communities of the reserve with the community of the recreation centre, but not with the community of forestry sites.
Źródło:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2020, 24; 15-25
1643-0115
Pojawia się w:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Desert loess: a selection of relevant topics
Autorzy:
Smalley, Ian
Marshall, John
Fitzsimmons, Kathryn
Whalley, W. Brian
Ngambi, Samson
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/94478.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Parna
adobe
silt formation in deserts
large dust
small dust
Martian deserts
bee-eaters nesting in loess
glina
muł
pustynia
pył
Mars
żołna
less
Opis:
In discussions on loess, two types are often demarcated: glacial loess and desert loess. The origin of the idea of desert loess appears to lie with V.A. Obruchev who observed wind-carried silt on the Potanin expedition to Central Asia in 1895. It might be considered that desert loess would be defined as loess associated with deserts but it came to be thought of as loess produced in deserts. This led to some controversy as no mechanism for producing silt particles in deserts was readily available. Bruce Butler in Australia in particular cast doubt on the existence of desert-made loess. Butler indicated loess-like deposits in Australia which he called Parna; these are very like loess but the silt sized particles are actually clay mineral agglomerates of silt size- formed in dry lake regions. At the heart of the desert loess discussion is the problem of producing loess material in deserts. It has been suggested that there are no realistic mechanisms for forming large amounts of loess dust but there is a possibility that sand grain impact may produce particle shattering and lead to the formation of quartz silt. This would appear to be a reasonable mechanism for the African deposits of desert loess, but possibly inadequate for the huge deposits in China and Central Asia. The desert loess in China and Central Asia is loess associated with a desert. The material is formed in cold, high country and carried by rivers to the vicinity of deserts. It progresses then from deserts to loess deposit. Adobe ground may be defined as desert loess. Adobe occurs on the fringe of deserts, notably in the Sahelian region of Africa, and in SW USA. The use of adobe in construction represents the major utilization of desert loess in a social context. More understanding of adobe is required, in particular with respect to the adobe reaction, the low order chemical reaction which provides modest cementitious properties, and can be likened to the pozzolanic reactions in hydrating cement systems. The location of loess and loess-like ground on the peripheries of deserts is aided by the observation of the nesting sites of bee-eater birds. These birds have a determined preference for loess ground to dig their nesting tunnels; the presence of nest tunnels suggests the occurrence of desert loess, in desert fringe regions. We seek amalgamation and contrast: ten main topics are considered: words and terms, particles, parna, geotechnical, adobe, people, birds, Africa, Central Asia, Mars. The aim is some large generalizations which will benefit all aspects of desert loess investigation.
Źródło:
Geologos; 2019, 25, 1; 91-102
1426-8981
2080-6574
Pojawia się w:
Geologos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 25

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