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    Tytuł:
    Current state and productivity of age-old experimental plantations of prof. V.D. Ogievsky in the northeastern part of Ukraine
    Autorzy:
    Zhezhkun, M.
    Demianenko, L.V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2040994.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    Scots pine
    natural stands
    forest plantations
    productivity
    health condition
    Opis:
    This research is aimed at determining the health condition and productivity of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands created during 1906–1908 on the initiative of Prof. V. D. Ogievsky. The scheme of silvicultural experiments included: determining the influence of different widths and directions of clear felling on the natural regeneration, testing of pine plantations of pure and mixed composition and the choice of methods for their creation. In terms of health condition, 103–105-year-old artificial pine stands are weakened and their health condition is slightly worse compared to the aged pines of natural origin. The productivity of age-old linden-pine plantations is higher than of pure pine plantations, and the stock of stem wood in plantations created by seed sowing and marketability is higher compared to the plantations created by planting seedlings.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 3; 195-202
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura naturalnego drzewostanu buczyny karpackiej w Tatrach na tle naturalnych buczyn z innych masywów Karpat
    Structure of natural stand of a carpathian beech forest in the Tatra mountains compared with natural beech stands from other parts of the Carpathian
    Autorzy:
    Szwagrzyk, J.
    Sułowski, W.
    Skrzydłowski, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Tatry
    Karpaty
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany naturalne
    struktura drzewostanu
    buczyna karpacka
    canopy stratification
    diameter distribution
    height distribution
    mixed temperate forests
    natural stands
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to compare the structure of newly found remnant of natural beech forest in Suchy Żleb in the Tatra mountains with the structure of natural tree stands in other parts of the Carpathians. In the sample plot of the size of 1 ha the stand basal area amounted to 36.7 m2; of that, 42.7% was beech, 37.4% silver fir, 19.8% Norway spruce, and 0.1% sycamore maple. In the units of volume silver fir was the most important tree in the stand (47%), while the share of beech was only 33%; the total wood volume of live trees was equal to 446.8 m3/ha. Tree number was equal to 442, among them 327 beeches, 73 silver firs and 41 Norway spruces. Number of snags was 26, and their volume 26.16 m3. Total amount of coarse woody debris was 159 m3 per hectare. Sub−canopy layer was dominated by beech, the middle layer of tree stand was a mixture of all three species, and the highest canopy layer consisted only of spruce and fir. The analyzed stand had biomass accumulation slightly below the average for the natural mixed beech forests of the Carpathians, probably because of selective tree cutting in the past. Because Suchy Żleb is the only remnant of natural stand in the montane zone of the Tatra mountains, it is very valuable as an object for comparisons with natural beech stands growing in other ranges of the Carpathians.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2006, 150, 09; 3-15
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wieloletnie zmiany składu gatunkowego drzewostanów naturalnych w Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Long-term changes of tree species composition in natural stands of the Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Paluch, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989856.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany naturalne
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    struktura drzewostanu
    kierunki zmian
    tempo zmian
    białowieża national park
    natural stands
    undergrowth
    hornbeam expansion
    spruce reduction
    Opis:
    In the paper the long term dynamics (about 40 years) of selected, the most important, natural forest stands of the Białowieża Forest were presented. The studies were carried out on 120 permanent study plots, located both in nature reserves and in the Białowieża National Park. The DBH of all the trees were measured and the number of all the individuals trees and shrubs species with the height under 1,3 m was counted. The analysis of tree species composition and their density changes was carried out, as well as their natural regeneration was analyzed. The strong expansion of hornbeam were observed (fig. 1a, b; tab.). Actually this species was predominant in forest stands, in natural regeneration and was expansive to the more oligotrophic and mezotrophic forest stands, causing their unification towards hornbeam forest. Norway spruce generally declined in abundance and became limited to oligotrophic forest communities. Significantly reduction this species were observed, especially on the mixed coniferous forest at mixed deciduous forest stands. Scots pine, oak and birch declined their share in forest stands, as well as their natural regeneration have been limited too (tab.). In the short time of the last 15 years, the strong reduction of ash share in forest stands has been observed, and the more rapid changes in all the forest stands composition as well.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2015, 159, 04; 278-288
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ konkurencji na przyrost grubości drzew w wyżynnych lasach mieszanych o złożonej budowie
    Effect of competition on the diameter growth of trees in mixed upland forests with complex structure
    Autorzy:
    Śmigielski, A.
    Socha, J.
    Maciejewski, Z.
    Pach, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989022.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Roztoczanski Park Narodowy
    drzewostany naturalne
    drzewostany mieszane
    drzewa lesne
    grab
    buk
    jodla
    przyrost drzew
    przyrost grubosci
    wskazniki konkurencyjnosci
    competition indices
    natural stands
    roztocze national park
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to assess the effect of competition on diameter growth of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) in forests with complex structure. For each tree we calculated set of 20 competition indexes in 4 variants for determining the scale of the competitors influence. The use of such a set of indices, allowed to describe accurately the competition between trees in the specific conditions for the particular tree species. Given species belong to the group of shade−tolerant trees. The species composition of the tree stands and their structure are the results of long−lasting natural processes, which is different than in the majority of Polish forests. The empirical material collected in the years 1993 and 2003 in four sample plots of 0.5 ha each located in natural stands of the Roztocze National Park in south−eastern Poland. The relationships between the competition and the growth were analysed using generalized additive models. This method allows to extend of the standard linear model, by taking into account non−linear function of each variable. One of the option of quantifying competition processes is the use of competition indices. The competition situation of an individual tree was described using distance−independ and distance−depend indices. Each of analysed species reacts differently on competition. Among the three analyzed species, the best competition index CI15 explained 48.3% of the variation diameter growth of European beech (tab. 2). The competition index CI3 explained only 26.1% of the variation diameter growth of European hornbeam (tab. 2). It turned out to be the worst result for the described species. The competition index CI14 explained 31.1% of the variation diameter growth of silver fir (tab. 2). Additional use of DBH in the models, increased values of the coefficient of determination, and extended the possibilities to use the developed models.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2017, 161, 05; 365-378
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Właściwości fizyko-chemiczne gleb drzewostanów naturalnych i monokultur świerkowych w Beskidzie Zachodnim
    Physicochemical properties of soils under natural stands and spruce monocultures in Beskid Zachodni
    Autorzy:
    Maciaszek, W.
    Gruba, P.
    Lasota, J.
    Wanic, T.
    Zwydrak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012248.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby lesne
    Beskidy Zachodnie
    drzewostany swierkowe
    lasy gorskie
    wlasciwosci fizykochemiczne
    monokultury
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany naturalne
    gleboznawstwo lesne
    soil
    physicochemical properties
    spruce monocultures
    natural stands
    beskid zachodni mountains
    Opis:
    The focus of the research was on changes in soil physicochemical properties after establishing pure spruce stands in multi−species forest habitats in the lower montane zone in Beskid Zachodni. It was pointed out that the effect of spruce monocultures on soil resulted in an increased accumulation of organic matter in the Ol and Ofh horizons, lowering of the humus content in the mineral horizon, lowering of the sorption complex saturation with bases. The impact of a pure spruce stand was highest in the top horizons (Ol, Ofh), lower– in the humus horizons A and AB. The pure spruce stands had practically no effect on deeper soil horizons.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2009, 153, 05; 338-345
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tempo i kierunki zmian składu gatunkowego drzewostanów naturalnych w wybranych zbiorowiskach leśnych Puszczy Białowieskiej
    Rate and direction of changes in tree species composition of natural stands in selected forest associations in the Bialowieza Forest
    Autorzy:
    Paluch, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1313006.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    drzewostany naturalne
    zbiorowiska lesne
    sklad gatunkowy
    bor swiezy brusznicowo-sosnowy
    bor mieszany trzcinnikowo-swierkowy
    grad miodownikowo-grabowy
    grad typowy
    grad trzcinnikowy
    leg olszowo-jesionowy
    zmiany skladu gatunkowego
    podobienstwo skladu gatunkowego
    stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
    hornbeam expansion
    natural stands
    permanent study plots
    ash dieback
    Białowieża forest
    Opis:
    The main aim of the study was to determine changes in the species composition and structure of natural tree stands in the Białowieża Forest (BF), which occurred in the years 1975-2012, as well as to evaluate their trends, directions and rate. The study was carried out on 121 permanent research plots (50×50m), which represented the most important forest phytocenoses in BF, i.e. fresh pine-whortleberry forest Vaccinio vitis-idaeae-Pinetum Sokoł. 1980, fresh mixed spruce-reed grass forest Calamagrostio-Piceetum Soko³. 1968, oligotrophic form of hornbeam - bastard balm forest Melitti-Carpinetum Soko³. 1976, different forms of linden- hornbeam forest: Tilio-Carpinetum Tracz. 1962, alder-ash forest Fraxino-Alnetum W. Mat. 1952 and sub-boreal spruce forest on bog moss Sphagno girgenshonii- Piceetum Polak. 1962. On the plots selected, there was measured the diameter at breast height (DBH) of all trees, as well as every tree and shrub up to 1.3 m high was counted and described with reference to species. The measurements and observations were regularly repeated every 10-15 years. The results showed that over the last period of nearly 40 years, there has increased a share of common hornbeam Carpinus betulus L. in the structure of forest stands in numerous BF associations. This tree species has expanded into different forest habitats including poor, medium fertile and wetland sites. The results obtained indicate a trend towards formation of linden-hornbeam forests in BF phytocenoses. The most evident changes were recorded in hornbeam - bastard balm forest. In natural conditions of the majority of forest associations analyzed, there prevailed hornbeam trees in forest regeneration, except for the stands in fresh mixed pine forest and spruce forest on bog moss. In the latter two cases, hornbeam showed signs of its presence in the last observation period. Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) retreated into oligotrophic forest associations. In the recent decades, spruce populations have been dramatically reduced in the stands in mixed coniferous and different kinds of broadleaved forests. There have also decreased a share of light-demanding tree species, such as Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula L.) in BF tree stands, including their regeneration-layer. Especially, Scots pine regeneration has not been successful. In the short period of time (about 15 years) there has been observed rapid and outsized reduction of ash Fraxinus excelsior L. populations in natural conditions of alder-ash forests. All through the last 10-15 years, there has been also observed increased rate of change in stand species composition. The trend and rate of change in stand species composition point out to a possibility of human intervention towards stimulation of natural regeneration so as to preserve valuable populations of threatened tree species in the Białowieża Forest.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 4; 385-406
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Puszcza Białowieska: czym była, czym jest, czym ma być w przyszłości?
    Bialowieza Forest: what it used to be, what it is now and what we want it to be in the future
    Autorzy:
    Szwagrzyk, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294650.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Puszcza Bialowieska
    las naturalny
    ochrona przyrody
    gospodarka lesna
    natural processes
    nature conservation
    old-growth stands
    Opis:
    For many centuries, management of the Białowieża Forest has not focused on timber production. Therefore, despite hunting, grazing by domestic animals and sporadic cutting of valuable trees the forest has retained its natural character. After World War I, a small part of the Białowieża Forest was protected as a reserve that later became a national park, while the remainder was managed for timber. After World War II, the protection status of the Polish part of the Białowieża Forest was maintained with the national park at the center surrounded by managed stands. During the last few decades, the national park was enlarged and new reserves were established. However, the majority of the Białowieża Forest is still managed for timber. The forest management has been sustainable for decades and in the last few years logging has even been strongly reduced, to a level comparable with some national parks. In recent years the Białowieża Forest, like many areas in Central Europe, has been plagued by a high spruce mortality caused by bark beetles. In managed forests, cutting the infested spruces and removing them from the forest is a standard practice aimed at reducing the growth rate of the bark beetle population. This, however, raises the question of whether we expect the Białowieża Forest to remain a managed forest, in which case the fight against bark beetles would be justified, or whether we want it to be converted into a large national park? In the latter case, cutting trees to fight bark beetles would be inconsistent with the aim of conservation. Recent discussions concerning the Białowieża Forest have been dominated by two different ideologies for nature protection. The first approach aims at protecting nature to make it sustainable, beautiful and healthy. In the second approach, protecting nature is achieved by removing any direct human influence, even if the resulting natural environment does not meet our expectations.
    Źródło:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 4
    1732-9442
    2082-8926
    Pojawia się w:
    Leśne Prace Badawcze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kryteria wieku dojrzałości drzewostanów do odnowienia
    The criteria of maturity age of a stand to regenerate
    Autorzy:
    Głaz, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973276.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    Pinus
    Abies
    Picea
    buk
    Quercus
    Fagus
    drzewostany
    sosna
    świerk
    jodła
    dąb
    drzewa leśne
    leśnictwo
    wiek dojrzałości od odnowienia
    stands with natural regeneration
    maturity age of a stand to regenerate
    pine
    spruce
    fir
    beech
    oak
    Opis:
    Stand characteristics were analysed for the occurrence of regrowth with a species matching the dominant species of a stand. The analysis covered: stand age, stocking, degree of shelter (the sum of stocking plus the percentage of the shrub layer cover), dbh basal area, type and the dominant species of the vegetation cover. The obtained results were considered as preliminary criteria of the maturity age for regeneration.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2003, 147, 04; 69-70
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ przerzedzenia okapu górnego na rozwój podrostów sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) w pogradacyjnych drzewostanach w Lasach Pilskich
    Response of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] young-growth stands to an overstorey canopy in the postoutbreak stands in Pila Forests
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejczyk, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016341.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    stopien przerzedzenia okapu gornego
    rozwoj roslin
    odnowienia lasu
    hodowla lasu
    podrost
    sosna zwyczajna
    lesnictwo
    odnowienia naturalne
    odnowienia podokapowe
    Pinus sylvestris
    drzewa lesne
    scots pine
    pinus sylvestris l.
    natural regeneration
    undercanopy young−growth stands
    postoutbreak
    stands
    poland
    Opis:
    In the paper the density, height, diameter, slenderness and vitality of the 17 year−old pine young−growth stands depending on the basal area of the shelterwood (four thinning variants: G1−G4). The studies were carried out in eleven 70−90 year−old pine stands heavily damaged in the 80s of the past century by the nun moth (Lymantria monacha L.). With the development of the overstorey the growth, the vitality and the stability of young stands declined. In addition, a decrease in the survival of the young−growth stands under the dense canopy (variant G4) was recorded. A long−term maintenance of young stands under the shelter of the canopy in the areas of low annual precipitation (below 600 mm) requires the reduction of the dbh basal area to the level of at least 15 m3/ha before attaining the age of 15 years.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 01; 20-29
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ czynników otoczenia na przeżywanie i ubywanie drzewostanów w klasach wieku w przerębowo−zrębowym sposobie zagospodarowania
    The impact of natural and economic factors on the survival and decline of stands in age classes in selection-clear cutting system of forest economy
    Autorzy:
    Poznański, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012947.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gospodarstwa przerebowo-zrebowe
    klasy wieku
    kleski zywiolowe
    czynniki biotyczne
    proces ubywania
    lesnictwo
    czynniki decyzyjne
    czynniki abiotyczne
    urzadzanie lasu
    czynniki losowe
    proces przezywania
    factors of the natural and economic environment
    harvest plan
    survival and removal of stands
    age class
    partial cutting system
    Opis:
    The impact of natural and economic factors on the survival and decline of stands by age class was examined in 30 forest stands under a selection−clear cutting system. The results point to economic reasons, particularly a forester's decisions, as factors restraining or allowing unscheduled final cuts. Regeneration of stands is often initiated by unscheduled cuts, particularly by incidental sanitation felling. No final felling is performed in stands under regeneration with scheduled cuts concurrently restrained.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2008, 152, 04; 30-37
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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