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Wyszukujesz frazę "natural forest" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-72 z 72
Tytuł:
Changes in runoff as an indicative measure of water retention status in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest
Autorzy:
Tyszka, J.
Stolarek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38663.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
run-off change
measurement
water retention
natural forest
Bialowieza Forest
Opis:
The study concerned changing status of water retention within an unique nature complex of the Białowieża Primeval Forest. The retention was evaluated based on an analysis of research results on water outflow from the lowland catchment of the river Łutownia – representative for physiographic conditions as well as those of habitats and tree stands in Poland’s part of the Forest. The catchment in the lowland hydrometric dissection at the Pogorzelce village – Old Białowieża Wilderness, covers the area of 120.1 km2 with natural flow conditions preserved. A unified sequence of measurements carried out since 1966 using unchanged methodology with respect to precipitation, air temperature and forest management status allowed to separate different phases of changes occurring in water resources of this protected forest complex. There were appraised periodical runoff changes and cycles including a decrease in water resources which occurred at the turn of the century. The retention capacity of the catchment was determined based on periodical changes in rainfall-runoff relations and the ongoing process of deteriorating water conditions of forest ecosystem was interpreted.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2013, 55, 2
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Earthworm species as pointer for herbaceous flora distribution and health of soil in Onigambari Forest Reserve, Oyo state Nigeria
Autorzy:
Onafurume, O. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076651.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Earthworms
Floristic composition
Natural forest
Relative importance value
Soil fertility
Opis:
Amongst various and diverse organisms, earthworms (Annelida: Oligochaeta) are the most important components of soil biota when it comes to soil formation and maintenance of soil structure and fertility. The presence of earthworms modifies the soil quality of the environment due to their burrowing and casting. This affects the activities of other organisms. Thus, they are also termed “ecosystem engineers”. However, while we begin to understand the role of surface casts, it is still unclear to what extent plants utilize subsurface casts. This work is a study of the floral community structure as influenced by surface cast so as to determine the functional groups of earthworms in the natural forest zone of Onigambari Forest Reserve. This reserve is located at latitude 07°25’N and longitude 3°53’E within the low and semi-deciduous forest belt of Nigeria. It is divided into two: natural and plantation forests. Herein, the simple random sampling technique was used to select 10 geo-referenced plots (15m × 15m each). Three 1.0m × 1.0m square quadrats were randomly laid on each plot to give 30 sampling points surveyed for data collection. Data were collected on floral composition, relative importance values (RIV), earthworm composition and diversity, and physicochemical components of the soil. Twenty eight herbaceous plants were enumerated. Andropogon gayanus had the highest relative importance value (RIV) of (20.499), while Acroceras zizanoides and Platostoma africanum had the least RIV (1.1782) amongst other four. Seven earthworm species were enumerated, with Eisenia fetida having the highest RIV (28.571), while Octoclasion cyaneam and Lumbricum rubellus had the least. The species richness of earthworms was high (0.8061) and evenly distributed (0.8405), but with a low diversity (H’ = 1.772). There are two functional groups of earthworm in the natural forest zone, seven were surface dwelling, while only Lumbricus terrestris was sub-surface dwelling. The health of flora and soil of the natural forest zone of Onigambari forest reserve is low. Prevention of outside influence on the forest zone, seeding and deposition of organic waste matter to the soil are strategies that would enhance abundance and diversity of earthworms in the natural forest zone.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2019, 26; 80-95
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in horizontal structure of natural beech forests on an altitudinal gradient in the Sudetes
Autorzy:
Vacek, Z.
Vacek, S.
Bilek, L.
Remes, J.
Stefancik, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
structural change
horizontal structure
natural forest
beech forest
European beech
Fagus sylvatica
forest dynamics
altitudinal gradient
Sudetes Mountains
Opis:
The article describes horizontal structure of the tree layer, natural regeneration, snags and crown projections of natural beech stands on three permanent research plots in the wide altitudinal range in the Krkonoše Mts (Czech Republic). The spatial structure was classified from 1980 to 2010 and subsequently the prediction of spontaneous development with an outlook for 30 years (to 2040) was done by growth simulator. Hopkins-Skellam index, Pielou-Mountford index, Clark-Evans index and Ripley’s K-function were calculated. Further, the vertical structure and total diversity index was evaluated. The horizontal structure of individuals in the tree layer had not changed significantly during the monitored years. Tree spatial pattern of the lowest altitude lying herb-rich beech forest was mostly regular to random, in acidophilous mountain beech forest predominantly random and in fragments of beech groups around the timberline aggregated. Juvenile growth on all investigated plots was distributed aggregated and snags randomly. The horizontal structure of crown projection centroids had always higher values toward the regularity than tree layer and was random to regular. The result of principal component analysis also confirmed that spatial pattern was dependent on the altitude, but also on the number of trees.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
System klasyfikacji gospodarstw leśnych w wielofunkcyjnym i proekologicznym modelu leśnictwa
A classification system of stands in a proecological model of multifunctional forest managment
Autorzy:
Przybylska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023086.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo wielofunkcyjne
klasyfikacja
gospodarstwa lesne
lesnictwo
lesnictwo proekologiczne
economic division
natural forest type
forest stand type
forest function
Opis:
The paper presents the concept of a schematic division of a forest into stand farms using two criteria i.e. forest function and natural forest type. Forest function is understood as the function dominating in a stand, namely productive, protective or social. The natural forest type was identified with the name of a habitat type because in forest typology habitat characteristics and stand attributes are treated jointly.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 09; 3-9
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ rozpadu drzewostanów w wyniku gradacji kornika drukarza (Ips typographus) na zagrożenie pożarowe Puszczy Białowieskiej
Impact of forest stands dieback as a result of bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak on the fire risk in the Białowieża Forest
Autorzy:
Szczygieł, Ryszard
Kwiatkowski, Mirosław
Tyburski, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18055683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
bezpieczeństwo
biomasa
las naturalny
materiał palny
martwe drewno
pożar lasu
safety
biomass
natural forest
flammable material
dead wood
forest fire
Opis:
Białowieża Forest, due to its unique character, requires a specific approach to the management of this area, including fire risk assessment. This is particularly important with regard to the recent bark beetle (Ips typographus) outbreak, which has contributed to the local dieback of Norway spruce stands on a total area of approx. 11.5 thousand hectares during the 2012-2022 period. The article presents the most important results of the implemented projects related to the fire protection of the Białowieża Forest. The analysis of potential fire hazard should take into account both dead wood and the impact of tree stand dieback, which resulted in the emergence of grasses as the dominant plant cover that poses a high risk not only for the possibility of fire, but also for its rapid spread. During 2012-2022 fuelload of the studied areas increased almost sevenfold compared to 2011 (15.8 t/ha), reaching an average maximum value of 108.9 t/ha in 2017. However, the progressive decomposition of dead wood and the decreasing amount of fine combustible material (fire-active biomass) caused that the fire risk in turn gradually decreased. After a period of about 10 years after the stand dieback, the fire risk caused by the dead wood left behind has reached a minimum level and the possibility of initiating the burning of such material was significantly reduced. Despite the decreasing fire hazard from dead wood, the fire risk will remain high for many years due to the presence of grass cover, especially during periods when it dries out. The analysis of the fire risk in the Białowieża Forest caused by the spruce bark beetle outbreak formed the basis for the development of the "Fire Protection and Forest Fire Fighting Plan for the Polish Part of the Białowieża Forest Transboundary World Heritage Site", which includes: fire risk assessment, fire detection, communication and alarm system, fire roads, water stores, equipment for fire fighting and rules for conducting rescue and fire-fighting operations.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2023, 83; 1-15
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The dynamics and structure of dead wood in natural spruce-beech forest stand - a 40 year case study in the Krkonose National Park
Autorzy:
Vacek, S.
Vacek, Z.
Bilek, L.
Hejcmanova, P.
Sticha, V.
Remes, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
forest
natural forest
mixed stand
dynamics
structure
dead wood
spruce-beech forest
European beech
Fagus sylvatica
Norway spruce
Picea abies
Czech Republic
Karkonosze National Park
Opis:
The study deals with long-term dynamics of snags and fallen dead wood from 1970 to 2010 in an unmanaged forest ecosystem dominated by European beech in the Bažinky area, Krkonoše National Park (Czech Republic). The volume of dead wood was estimated from 1970 separately for fallen dead wood (logs) and standing dead wood (snags and stumps). Total dead wood volume on permanent research plot (PRP) 6 increased from 41.9 to 241.6 m3 ha–1 and on PRP 7 from 27.7 to 170.0 m3 ha–1. During 40 year case study the mean total volume of fallen dead wood was 193.3 m3 ha–1 (± 29.8 S.E.) and 96.2 m3 ha–1 (± 19.4 S.E.) and the mean total volume of standing dead wood was 17.4 m3 ha–1 (± 3.4 S.E.) and 12.6 m3 ha–1(± 1.4 S.E.) on PRP 6 and PRP 7, respectively. Comparing tree species, the mean volume of fallen dead wood was significantly higher for Norway spruce than for beech in the decomposition class 1 (F(1, 14) = 5.7, P = 0.03) and significantly higher for beech in the decomposition classes 4 (F(1, 14) = 20.4, P < 0.001) and 5 (F(1, 14) = 25.5, P < 0.001). Dead wood was distributed from randomly to aggregated spatial pattern. Despite the rapid decay of beech wood, the amounts of deadwood are likely to increase further during the next decades with continuing disintegration of the forest stand.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shoot morphology and leaf gas exchange of Fagus sylvatica as a function of light in Slovenian natural beech forests
Autorzy:
Cater, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41573.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
shoot
plant morphology
leaf
gas exchange
Fagus sylvatica
light
Slovenia
natural beech forest
beech forest
plant growth
Opis:
Five plots with young beech trees of the same age (13–15 years) were established to study the threshold, where plagiotropic growth becomes evident as the consequence of the reduced light intensity. Trees were equally distributed along the light gradient and were divided according to light conditions (Indirect Site Factor, ISF) into three groups of stand conditions: close canopy stand (ISF<20), edge (2025). Morphological and physiological responses of young beech were studied between managed and old growth forest and between different forest complexes (Pohorje and Kocevje region) on natural beech sites. Criteria for the plagiotrophic growth was the relation between tree length and tree height (l/h) under various light conditions. Under controlled conditions (temperature, flow and CO2 concentration, RH, light intensity) light saturation curves of leaf net photosynthesis were measured on same trees to compare both responses between different light categories and different plots within comparable light conditions. Our study confirmed different thresholds for morphologic response between two forest complexes as well as between old growth and managed forest. Results were in accordance with physiological responses: the value of limiting light for a plagiotropic response was lower in Kocevje (17% ISF) than on Pohorje (25% ISF).
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2010, 64
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carbon Accumulation Potential from Natural Forest Regrowth of Godech Municipality, Western Bulgaria
Autorzy:
Grigorov, Borislav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943257.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
natural forest regrowth
climate change mitigation
carbon sequestration
aboveground biomass
Bulgaria
naturalny odrost lasu
zmiany klimatu
sekwestracja dwutlenku węgla
biomasa nadziemna
Bułgaria
Opis:
The present research deals with carbon sequestration, as an important process for mitigating the effects of climate change. The investigation focuses on a 30-year period and it covers only aboveground biomass that builds up from natural forest regrowth, excluding any plantation techniques. Potential carbon sequestration rate from natural forest regrowth in Godech Municipality was measured in Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ and the resolution of the map was 1x1 km. The results of the study display that carbon accumulation values in the researched area were consistent with those that were expected in the largest parts of Bulgaria. The biggest share of Godech Municipality falls within the range of 0.82 – 0.96 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ with restricted areas around the villages of Barlya, Smolcha, Gubesh, Murgash and Varbnitsa that may accumulate between 0.96 – 1.11 Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. In conclusion, carbon accumulation only from natural forest regrowth provides representative information, however it would have been better if different plantation techniques were regarded as well. The successful results of the investigation should encourage other studies of this type in the neighbouring municipalities.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2021, 31, 1; 192-199
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biogrupy drzew w lesie naturalnym: czy prof. Włoczewski miał rację?
Tree biogroups in natural forests: was prof. Włoczewski right?
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
biogrupy
las naturalny
lesnictwo
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
drzewa lesne
białowieża national park
contagion index
natural forest
permanent plot
spatial pattern
tree biogroup
Opis:
The contagion index [Gadow i in. 1998] is used to analyse a spatial pattern of trees in a natural forest stand occurring on a permanent study plot, located in a compartment 319 of the Białowieża National Park. By means of this index it is found that at a small spatial scale, the random occurrence of trees is a dominating mode of tree spatial pattern. At the same time, the share of trees forming biogroups is estimated to ca. 25% (at average). The results are compared with similar analysis performed by means of the Donnelly index and the Ripley's K function.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 07; 3-10
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Environmental Stressors on Respiration Activity of Afforested Mine Soils
Wpływ stresogennych czynników środowiskowych na tempo respiracji zalesionych gruntów kopalnianych
Autorzy:
Pudełko, A.
Sroka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386134.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
wskaźnik respiracji gleby
gleby industroziemne
naturalne gleby leśne
cykle susza-wilgoć
cykle mrożenia-rozmrażania
soil respiration rate
mine soils
natural forest soils
dry-wet cycles
freeze-thaw cycles
Opis:
Funkcje gleb silnie zależą od aktywności mikroorganizmów i ich zdolności do przeciwstawiania się różnym stresom środowiskowym. Celem pracy było porównanie wpływu dwóch często występujących czynników stresowych – cykli susza-wilgoć i mrożenie-rozmrażanie – na respirację gleb industrioziemnych i gleb naturalnych. Próbki gleby (n = 18) zostały pobrane na zrekultywowanych terenach kopalni piasku w Szczakowej oraz w lasach naturalnych w jej sąsiedztwie. W próbkach oznaczono zawartość materii organicznej, tempo respiracji, pH i przewodność elektrolityczną. Badane próbki z gleb industroziemnych i naturalnych miały podobne uziarnienie i zostały sklasyfikowane jako piaski gliniaste. Gleby naturalne zawierały znacznie więcej OM [%] niż gleby industrioziemne, natomiast obie rozpatrywane kategorie gleb nie róż- niły się znacząco pod względem pH. Ponadto nie zaobserwowano istotnych różnic w zawartości materii organicznej, pH i uziarnienia gleb w próbkach pobranych pod różnymi drzewostanami (sosna, brzoza, modrzew). Gleby industroziemne wykazywały znacznie niższe początkowe wartości respiracji (1,34 μg C-CO2 g−1 24 h−1 ) niż gleby naturalne (3,13 μg C-CO2 g−1 24 h−1 ). Pięciocyklowy proces mrożenia-rozmrażania zredukował skumulowane wartości wydzielania CO2 zarówno w industrozimenych, jak i naturalnych glebach o odpowiednio 17,8% i 6,7%. Ponadto reakcja na wskaźnik respiracji w cyklu susza-wilgoć różniła się znacząco w przypadku gleb industroziemnych i naturalnych: w glebach naturalnych wszystkie cykle suszenia-nawadniania zwiększały wartość respiracji, przy czym wzrost ten był bardziej widoczny w ostatnich dwóch cyklach. Podsumowując, można stwierdzić, że okresy suszy w lecie i mrożenia-rozmrażania jesienią oraz wiosną mogą wywierać bardziej negatywny wpływ na leśne ekosystemy na ternach zrekultywowanych niż na obszarach występowania naturalnych drzewostanów.
The functioning of soils strongly depends on the activity of the soil microbial communities and their ability to withstand different environmental stresses. The aim of this work is to compare the effect of two frequently occurring stressors (drought-rewet and freeze-thaw cycles) on the basal respiration rate of mine and natural soils. Soil samples (n = 18) were delivered from the Szczakowa open-cast sand quarry in Poland. The samples were measured for organic matter (OM) content, basal respiration, pH levels, and electric conductivity. The studied mine and natural soils had a similar texture and were classified as loamy sands. The natural soils contained significantly more OM than the mine soils but did not differ in terms of pH. There were no significant differences in the OM content, pH, and texture of the soils under the studied tree species (Pine, Birch, Larch). Mine soils exhibited significantly lower initial respiration rate (RESP value) than the natural soils (1.34 μg C-CO2 g−1 24 h−1 vs. 3.13 μg C-CO2 g−1 24 h−1 ). Five freeze-thaw cycles reduced cumulative CO2 evolution both in both the mine and the natural soils by 17.8% and 6.7%, respectively. Moreover, the reaction of the respiration rate to dry-rewet cycles differed distinctly between the mine and natural soils. In the natural soils, all dry-rewet cycles increased the respiration rate, wherein the increase was much more pronounced in the last two cycles. We conclude that periods of drought in the summer and freeze-thaw events in the autumn and spring may have a stronger negative effect on the functioning of forest ecosystems in the reclaimed lands than in natural stands.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2017, 11, 4; 97-110
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stand structure and natural regeneration of Taxus baccata at "Stiwollgraben" in Austria
Autorzy:
Dhar, A
Ruprecht, H.
Klumpp, R.
Vacik, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41025.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
English yew
Taxus baccata
yew
tree species
Austria
gene conservation
natural regeneration forest
stand structure
population structure
vitality
yew decline
Opis:
English yew (Taxus baccata L.) is a rare tree species in Austria and gene conservation forests reserves are used to maintain English yew populations by silvicultural treatments. This paper describes the current situation of an English yew population at “Stiwollgraben”in Austria with regard to stand structure, vitality and natural regeneration. The area is one of the most important sites in Austria as it consists of 2236 yews.The vitality condition of the yew is very good, and more than 79% of the yews have been assessed as very vital to vital. The potentiality for natural regeneration (13019 one-year seedlings ha–1) is very high, but not all height classes are represented. This indicates a high survival ability of English yew at this site. Three different treatment strategies are described to maintain the yew population. The future effects of these treatments are discussed in the light of the environmental requirements of English yew.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2006, 56; 19-26
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamika naturalnych faz rozwojowych drzewostanów w Białowieskim Parku Narodowym
Dynamics of the natural development phases of stands in the Bialowieski National Park
Autorzy:
Miścicki, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1008733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
parki narodowe
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
drzewostany
las naturalny
fazy rozwojowe
zasobnosc drzewostanu
zageszczenie drzew
odnowienia lasu
przyrost miazszosci
przyrost biezacy
dynamika drzewostanu
natural forest
regeneration
sample plot
standing volume
change
Opis:
The aim of the research was to determine the current changes occurring in the natural forest using the classification based on the natural phases of stand development. The oldest part of the Białowieski National Park, formerly known as the Strict Reserve, was the object of the study. Material was collected from temporary sample plots (460 ones both in 1995 and 2005) and 160 permanent sample plots (in the years 2000, 2002 and 2004). Leibundgut’s classification was used to determine the natural development phases. All of them occurred in the Białowieski National Park in variable proportions, and this structure changed during the study period. They differed in terms of standing volume, tree density, total tree height of regeneration, current volume increment, losses and changes in standing volume. The regeneration of stands preceded in four different ways – in open areas, under the overstory of reduced closure, in small gaps or continuously when replacing separate dead trees.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 08; 616-626
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie analizy podobieństwa do oceny poprawności wyróżniania mezoregionów przyrodniczo-leśnych
Application of the similarity analysis in the assessment of the correctness of the delimitation of natural-forest mezoregions
Autorzy:
Tracz, W.
Zielony, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
regionalizacja przyrodniczo-lesna
mezoregiony przyrodniczo-lesne
analiza podobienstw
wskaznik podobienstwa calkowitego
wskaznik podobienstwa geologicznego
wskaznik podobienstwa typow krajobrazow naturalnych
wskaznik podobienstwa krajobrazow roslinnych
natural−forest regionalization
similarity analysis
similarity index
gis
Opis:
In new version of natural−forest regionalization that was completed in 2010, Poland was divided into 8 natural−forest lands, which, in turn, consisted of 11−35 mezoregions. The objective of the study was to evaluate the delimitation of the defined mezoregions. The correctness of the delimitation was assessed by the means of similarity analysis. The similarity of adjacent mezoregions (within borders of each of the natural−forest lands) was calculated based on three main criteria (geological formations, natural landscapes and vegetation landscapes), which were used for definition of the mezoregions borders. Data on spatial distribution of the above criteria were acquired in digital form and then processed using Geographic Information Systems technology in order to identify and describe each of the mezoregions. The assessment of the similarity was based on the calculation of the partial similarity indices for each of the criteria, and then on the calculation of the overall similarity index for each pair of adjacent mezoregions. Received values of the overall similarity index range from 0.01 to 0.48. The smallest range of the index is in the Sudecka land (0.09−0.28) and the highest is in the Baltic land (0.01−0.41) and in the Carpathian land (0.07−0.48). In order to facilitate analysis of the results, five−level scale of similarity was adopted. All around Poland there are no mezoregions whose degree of similarity to adjacent mezoregions is large or very large. The medium similarity (index value 0.41−0.70) was observed in 1.7% of the analyzed cases, small similarity (index value 0.21−0.40) was observed in 37.7% of the analyzed cases and the lack of similarity (index value 0.00−0.20) in 60.6% of cases. Delimitation of mezoregions was therefore prepared correctly.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 06; 504-511
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of natural radioisotope activities in forest soil horizons
Autorzy:
Ziembik, Z.
Dołhańczuk-Śródka, A.
Wacławek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148826.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
natural isotopes
radioactivity
robust regression
forest soils
Opis:
Activities of radioisotopes were measured in samples of forest soil. The samples were collected in forests situated along the roads from Złoty Stok (Poland) to Hradec Králové (Czech Republic). Each soil profile was separated into individual horizons and subhorizons. Activities of radioisotopes were measured in the sample of each soil horizon. Activities of the following radioisotopes were determined by gamma-ray spectrometry: 214Pb, 214Bi, 231Th, 235U, 212Pb, 212Bi and 228Ac. Distributions of the data concerning radioactivities were positively skewed. The lowest activity was found for 235U (median value was 2.25 Bg/kg) and the highest one for 228Ac (16.26 Bg/kg in median). In organic horizons activities of radionuclides were lower than in organic ones. Interrelation between activities was examined using ordinary and robust regression methods. It was found that activities of the radioisotopes were well correlated.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 4; 559-564
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relationship between forest canopy and natural regeneration in the subalpine spruce-larch forest (north-east Italy)
Autorzy:
Marchi, A.
Paletto, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
relationship
forest canopy
natural regeneration
subalpine forest
spruce-larch forest
canopy closure
canopy cover
Italy
Opis:
The authors describe the difference between canopy cover (proportion of the forest floor covered by the vertical projection of the tree crowns) and canopy closure (proportion of sky hemisphere obscured by vegetation when viewed from a single point) and the respective ground-based estimation techniques focused on two types of densiometer (GRS tube and spherical). The data collected in the field were used to analyse the relationship between forest canopy and natural regeneration in two subtypes of subalpine larch-spruce forests. The results indicate that in the first subtype characterized by a high fertility and a high canopy cover (around 62%), the level of natural regeneration is low (115 stems per hectare) and it is nearly exclusively composed by spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]. For the second subtype characterized by a low fertility and a medium canopy cover (around 49%) the natural regeneration is rather dense (650 stems per hectare). At last the authors evidence a insignificant difference between the data of forest canopy collected by different ground-based estimation techniques (+0.7% using spherical densiometer compared to using GRS tube densiometer).
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola martwego drewna w regeneracji drzewostanu łęgu jesionowo-olszowego (Fraxino-Alnetum) zasiedlonego przez bobry
Role of the deadwood in regeneration of the ash-alder forest stand (Fraxino-Alnetum) colonized by beavers
Autorzy:
Gawryś, R.
Gabrysiak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
natural regeneration
black alder
beaver pond
Białowieża Forest
Opis:
The paper concerns the structure of natural regeneration in ash−alder riparian forests (Fraxino−Alnetum) colonized by beavers (Castor fiber) taking into account the substrate, on which it appears (soil and deadwood). Study was conducted in 2016 on twelve sampling plots located in the Orłówka valley in the Białowieża National Park (eastern Poland), where beavers settled around 2005. We counted natural regeneration occurring on the ground and on deadwood on each plot. Also we identified volume of deadwood, decay status and water cover. A decade after the occurrence of beaver ponds, the density of natural regeneration is 5575 saplings per hectare and the regeneration on deadwood is 28% of the total. Black alder is the dominant species. The regeneration occurring on the soil is richer in species and has a larger share of shrub species. In the case of regeneration on the deadwood, seedlings appear first on trees fallen before the flood. Over the time, the role of deadwood as a substrate for the development of regeneration increases and the role of fallen trees is the greater, the greater is the fraction (coverage) of the flooded areas. Studies show that the continuous occurrence of the deadwood accelerates habitat regeneration after a disturbance such as the occurrence of a beaver pond.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 06; 505-512
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How to best utilise forests for carbon dioxide sequestration?
Autorzy:
Kozłowski, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/704590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CO2 sequestration
natural forests
forest plantations
biocarbon
biodiversity
Opis:
Forests may play important role in partial neutralization of CO2 emission. To maximize their potential it is unavoidable to divide them into forests that will be allowed to evolve toward natural state and forest predisposed for timber production, supplemented with forest plantations. Natural forests store almost twice more carbon in biomass and soil than managed forests, and carbon contained in wood from plantations and timber-producing forests will be frozen long time in wooden constructions. Gasification of wood debris instead of burning will allow for production of biocarbon that added to soil will residue there through decades, and will decrease necessary amount of artificial fertilizers, which production is an important source of carbon dioxide. Forests evolving to natural state will be less prone to fire and hurricanes, and will better protect biodiversity. Presented project is not contradictory to the project “The Forest Carbon Farms” of State Forests, but allows to reach better results in shorter time and likely at lower cost.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2019, 4
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The history and natural regeneration of a secondary oak-beech woodland on a former wood-pasture in Hungary
Autorzy:
Varga, A.
Odor, P.
Molnar, Z.
Boloni, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/59012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
history
natural regeneration
secondary forest
oak-beech forest
socioeconomic change
forest cover change
large tree
wood pasture
Hungary
Opis:
Characteristic features of European woodland include both a reduction in natural forest areas and an increase in former agricultural areas occupied by secondary woodland. The management of these areas is challenging in terms of nature conservation, agricultural and forestry management and policy. The aim of our study was to reconstruct the history and to document the current tree stand structure for a secondary oak-beech woodland in Hungary. Towards the end of the 1800s, this area which was once almost completely occupied by a continuous forest, had been transformed into a wood-pasture. As a result of its gradual abandonment, the closed forest stand of the pasture increased from 10 to 52% between 1963 and 2005. The most characteristic feature of this woodland is the abundance of large trees. Globally, the number of large and ancient trees is rapidly diminishing. Therefore preserving and maintaining such areas, where large trees could live, is an essential management task.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2015, 84, 2
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przestrzenna zmienność struktury drzewostanu w wybranych lasach o charakterze pierwotnym w Karpatach Zachodnich i Górach Dynarskich
Spatial variation in stand structure of selected old-growth forests in the Western Carpathians and the Dinaric Mountains
Autorzy:
Paluch, J.
Bartkowicz, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lasy o charakterze pierwotnym
struktura drzewostanu
analiza porownawcza
Karpaty Zachodnie
rezerwat Oszast
rezerwat Perucica
Gory Dynarskie
leśnictwo
lasy góskie
pierśnicowe pole przekroju
zmienność przestrzenna
Beskid Żywiecki
rezerwat Żarnówka
old−growth forests
primeval forests
natural forest dynamics
structural heterogeneity
patch−mosaic
developmental stages
continuous cover forestry
Opis:
The research was conducted in three old−growth forests consisted of silver fir Abies alba Mill., European beech Fagus sylvatica L., and Norway spruce Picea abies Karst. located in the southern part of Poland (Żarnówka and Oszast) and the south−eastern Bosnia and Hercegovina (Perućica). The aim of the study was to compare basic stand characteristics and spatial heterogeneity in terms of variation in stand basal area and vertical structure. In each research area, small sample plots (0.015 ha) were localised in a regular 20×20 m grid covering approximately 10 ha. In each sample plot the diameter at breast height (d1.37 cm) and species of all live trees were recorded. For each plot the basal area of live trees and an index of structural diversification were determined. As a measure of structural diversification, the simple variance in tree height was computed and scaled through comparison with a hypothetical variance of the uniform distribution. The spatial patterns of basal area and structural diversification were tested with paired−plot approach. In addition, simulation techniques were used to model variation in the basal area of live trees dependent on spatial scale. The Carpathian and Dinaric stands considerably differed in basal area (ranging from 36.1 to 65.2 m2/ha) and volume (varying from 522 to 1176 m3/ha), but all of them had diameter distributions proximate to a negative exponential model. The basal area recorded on the 0.015 ha plots had a very similar pattern of variation, which could be generalised as a truncated normal distribution. The distribution of the structural diversification index was different and resembled an uniform (Perućica) or a bimodal distribution with modal values at its extremes (Oszast and Żarnówka). However, in the spatial scales above 1,000 m2 the index distri− bution become similar to a normal (Oszast) or a truncated normal (Perućica and Żarnówka) ones with high mean values, indicating the predominance of complex vertical structures. In general, the spatial variability in basal area and structural diversification of live trees tended to be random. These results suggest that the patch−mosaic assumption being fundamental for the developmental cycle hypothesis is inapplicable to the studied primeval forests. Regardless of differences in geographic location and site conditions, the studied stands show a similar spatial pattern of structural heterogeneity, suggesting a close resemblance of disturbance regimes driving its dynamics.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 02; 91-101
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Current state and productivity of age-old experimental plantations of prof. V.D. Ogievsky in the northeastern part of Ukraine
Autorzy:
Zhezhkun, M.
Demianenko, L.V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2040994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
Scots pine
natural stands
forest plantations
productivity
health condition
Opis:
This research is aimed at determining the health condition and productivity of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands created during 1906–1908 on the initiative of Prof. V. D. Ogievsky. The scheme of silvicultural experiments included: determining the influence of different widths and directions of clear felling on the natural regeneration, testing of pine plantations of pure and mixed composition and the choice of methods for their creation. In terms of health condition, 103–105-year-old artificial pine stands are weakened and their health condition is slightly worse compared to the aged pines of natural origin. The productivity of age-old linden-pine plantations is higher than of pure pine plantations, and the stock of stem wood in plantations created by seed sowing and marketability is higher compared to the plantations created by planting seedlings.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2021, 63, 3; 195-202
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monitoring of Ground Forest Fire Impact on Heavy Metals Content in Edafic Horizons
Autorzy:
Popovych, Vasyl
Gapalo, Andriy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
fire
natural ecosystem
forest fire
heavy metals
pollution monitoring
Opis:
Fires in natural ecosystems cause catastrophic consequences on a global scale. These fires are caused by landscape-transforming factors, which include dust and gas pollution of the atmosphere, destruction of forests and living organisms, pollution of ecosystems with dangerous toxic compounds and heavy metals. The aim of the presented research is to investigate the influence of ground forest fires on the concentration of mobile forms of heavy metals in different soil horizons. Sampling of soils of pyrogenic origin was carried out from 4 plots according to operating standards on the territory of Rava-Rusky forestry near the village of Lavrykiv, Zhovkva district, Lviv region (Ukraine). Soil sampling for investigation of migration of heavy metals was carried out taking into account the number of years spent after burning of meadow vegetation and forest litter. The most contaminated with heavy metals is site #2 (completely burned out 2 years before the experiment). There is a significant accumulation of cadmium in edaphic horizons (0.31 – 0.66 mg/kg), the value is close to the maximum allowable concentrations for soils (0.7 mg/kg). Also in this area the highest content of mobile forms of nickel (1.52 – 2.80 mg/kg) was detected, while the maximum allowable concentrations for soils is 4 mg/kg. The lowest content of heavy metals is in the site #1, which was exposed to fire long before the start of monitoring – 3.5 years. Here the values of mobile forms of heavy metals are close to the background. Vegetation in burnt areas at the first year of post-pyrogenic development is characterized by spontaneous single species. In 2–3 years it is characterized by a group arrangement. Complete natural overgrowth of the burnt area (natural vegetative reclamation) occurs 4–5 years after combustion. Monitoring the impact of ground forest fires on the concentration of heavy metals in edaphic horizons is important in terms of environmental renaturalization and the development of preventive measures for forest fires and fires in natural ecosystems.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 5; 96-103
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konwencje ustalania wskaźników zróżnicowania lasów
Conventions of determining indicators of forest diversity
Autorzy:
Poznański, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1012411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
metoda przyrodnicza
metody obliczen
drzewostany roznowiekowe
lasy
lesnictwo
metoda geometryczna
wskazniki zroznicowania
geometric and natural convention of determining indicators of forest diversity
uneven−aged forest
diversity characteristics
Opis:
There are two conventions of determining indicators of forest diversity: geometric and natural. Indicators in the geometric convention are determined from the ratio of differences in the values of the real characteristic to the value of the characteristic adopted as a comparative norm. Indicators in the natural convention are determined from the ratio of differences in the values of a characteristic in the real world to the mean value of that characteristic by standard deviation. The indicator−based assessment of forests in Poland is based on the geometric convention of similarities and standards included in yield and stand volume increment tables. This convention of similarities (map and plan scales) taken directly from technology has no natural justification. Therefore, it is necessary to determine indicators of forest diversity based on natural convention with special reference to the uneven−aged forests based on natural forests.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 01; 53-57
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działania na rzecz ochrony przyrody w ramach gospodarki leśnej na siedliskach borowych na przykładzie Leśnictwa Piaski w Nadleśnictwie Płytnica (RDLP Piła)
Nature protection measures within silvicultural actions on coniferous forest sites, illustrated by the case of the Forest of Piaski in the Plytnica Forest district (Regional Directorate of State Forests in Pila)
Autorzy:
Leszczynski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
Tematy:
gospodarka lesna
ochrona przyrody
siedliska borowe
lasy
hodowla lasu
zanieczyszczenia srodowiska
Lesnictwo Piaski
Nadlesnictwo Plytnica
RDLP Pila
forest
nature protection
natural disorder
biodiversity
coniferous forest ecosystem
semi-natural silviculture
silviculture
coniferous forest site
Plytnica Forest District
Pila State Forest Regional Directorate
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2016, 10
2081-1438
2391-4106
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A valuable natural area as a place for implementing innovative health forms of tourism - forest therapy
Obszar przyrodniczo cenny jako miejsce realizacji innowacyjnych form turystyki zdrowotnej na przykładzie lasoterapii
Autorzy:
Pietrzak-Zawadka, J.
Zawadka, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051939.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
natural valuable area
innovative form
human health
human body
tourism
forest treatment
forest function
human life
Opis:
The focus of the present study are valuable natural areas, and its purpose is to present the beneficial effects of the forest environment in these areas on the human body. The study has analysed the results of research by various, mainly foreign, authors concerning the treatment of the forest environment in Poland referred to as “forest therapy”, “sylwotherapy.”Research has shown that being in a forest environment helps to preserve mental balance, strengthens the immune system and stimulates organism’s regeneration. Differences in the impact of different types of forests were also observed. Pine forests calm down, lower blood pressure and help the respiratory system. Broadleaved forests stimulate, improve mood and enhance the ability to concentrate by affecting various aspects of human life. The results of the analyses show that in Poland the interest in forest therapy could be another form of raising public awareness by informing people how important is the role of the forest, not only in nature but also for human health.
Przedmiotem pracy są obszary przyrodniczo cenne, a celem zaprezentowanie korzystnego działania środowiska leśnego tych obszarów na organizm człowieka. Materiały i metody: W pracy przeanalizowano wyniki badań różnych autorów, głównie obcojęzycznych, dotyczących leczenia środowiskiem leśnym, w Polsce zwanym lasoterapią, sylwoterapią. Wyniki: Badania udowodniły, że przebywanie w środowisku leśnym pozwala zachować równowagę psychiczną, wzmacnia układ odpornościowy i pobudza organizm do odnowy. Zaobserwowano również różnice w oddziaływaniu poszczególnych typów lasów. Bory sosnowe działają uspokajająco, obniżają ciśnienie i wspomagają układ oddechowy. Liściaste grądy działają pobudzająco, poprawiają nastrój i wspomagają zdolność koncentracji oddziałując na różne aspekty życia człowieka. Wnioski: Wyniki analiz ukazują, iż w Polsce, zainteresowanie lasoterapii mogłoby stanowić kolejną formę dotarcia do świadomości społeczeństwa z informacjami, jak ważną rolę pełni las, nie tylko w przyrodzie, ale także dla zdrowia człowieka.
Źródło:
Economic and Regional Studies; 2016, 09, 3; 112-120
2083-3725
2451-182X
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Regional Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Walory botaniczne śródleśnego stawu w Wilamowie
Botanical values of natural pond in Wilamów forest complex
Autorzy:
Woziwoda, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/510632.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
botanical values
natural pond
Wilamów
forest complex
walory botaniczne
śródleśny staw
Opis:
The wetland ecosystems are among the most endangered in Poland. Small water bodies situated within forest complexes are the habitat of many unique species of flora and fauna. They are also an important part of compound hydrological systems in forest ecosystems. The occurrence of more than 90 vascular plant species was noted as a result of research on plants diversity of natural pond (it is about 200 m2 in surface area) with its surroundings, which is located in Wilamów forest complex (the eastern part of Szadek commune). The list of plants includes vulnerable species such as: Nymphaea alba, Drosera rotundifolia, Nuphar lutea, Ledum palustre (endangered and protected by the law), Eriophorum vaginatum and E. angustifolium (locally rare and endangered). This natural site is worthy of preservation and establishment of “Śródleśny staw w Wilamo-wie” nature protected area is suggested. A stable hydrological regime is the most important for maintenance of biodiversity of this place.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Szadkowski; 2010, 10; 161-170
1643-0700
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Szadkowski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Natural forest colonisation and soil formation on ash dump in southern taiga
Autorzy:
Nekrasova, Olga
Radchenko, Tatiana
Filimonova, Elena
Lukina, Natalia
Glazyrina, Margarita
Dergacheva, Maria
Uchaev, Anton
Betekhina, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041499.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
ash dump
ash substrate
forest community
natural colonisation
southern taiga
Technosols
Opis:
Ash dumps occupy significant areas around the world and make a negative influence on the environment. This effect is decreased by their natural colonisation determined by the bioclimatic conditions of the area. The purpose of the current study was to identify the structure of the forest communities and the initial stages of soil formation on the ash dump in southern taiga. This study was carried out on three sites in the forest phytocoenosis formed in the process of revegetation of the Verkhniy Tagil Power Station ash dump over 50 years, as well as on two background forest sites in the Middle Urals. Complex geobotanical and soil studies were carried out. The results of the study show that forest phytocoenoses with a predominance of hardwood species (Betula pendula Roth and Populus tremula L.) and a small admixture of coniferous species can form on the non-recultivated ash dump within 50 years in a boreal zone. In total, the studied mixed forest phytocoenoses are similar in composition to zonal secondary forests, but differ by having lower height and diameter of the stand, as well as herb–shrub layer coverage. Their species density and floristic richness are also lesser. The study proved that the process of soil formation is also proceeding according to the zonal type in the ash substrate under forest communities. The results of the study can be applied to justifying the forecasts of ecosystem restoration on the technogenic substrate, as well as for the species selecting for their recultivation in the studied area and similar to it.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 4; 306-316
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monument trees in the Kampinos National Park (Central Poland): A review
Autorzy:
Szczepkowski, Andrzej
Tyburski, Łukasz
Sułkowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041515.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
Kampinos Forest
very large trees
venerable trees
natural monument
nature conservation
Opis:
The paper presents the history of the protection of trees with special values, the current state of monument trees and the preliminary description of trees meeting the minimal circumference criteria to be regarded as natural monuments in the Kampinos National Park (KNP). The study was conducted in the years 2017–2019. In the KNP, there are 69 living trees with a status of natural monuments. Most of them are oaks – 56 specimens, Scots pine – 6 specimens, small-leaved lime – 5 specimens and European hornbeam and European ash – 1 specimen each. Among all, 27 trees grow individually and the other 42 grow in 7 groups. About 200 trees were recognised as meeting the minimal circumference criteria to be regarded as natural monuments. The thickest size tree in the KNP is the black poplar with a circumference of 805 cm, growing in the enclave of Ruska Kępa, and the thickest monument tree in the KNP area is Dąb Kobędzy (Kobendza Oak) with a circumference of 582 cm. Almost a half of the living monument trees (34 specimens) are situated in Kampinos Forest District. In Kromnów, there are 20, and in Laski Forest District 15 specimens of monument trees are mapped. Living monument trees were found in 15 (out of 17) forest subdistricts. The highest number of monument trees was found in Rózin Forest Subdistrict (16) and in Wilków Forest Subdistrict (10). The lowest number – one specimen per forest subdistrict – was found in six forest subdistricts (Dąbrówka, Grabina, Janówek, Krzywa Góra, Rybitew and Zamczysko). In total, there are around 300 specimens of natural monuments and trees meeting the minimal circumference criteria to be regarded as natural monuments, which means that there is one tree of this category for each 125 ha surface of the KNP.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 3; 210-219
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mezyn National Natural Park as a centre of forest phytodiversity maintaince of north-eastern Ukraine
Autorzy:
Каrpenko, Yurii
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2024713.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant variety
protection
forest communities
spontaneous flora
Mezyn National Natural Park
Opis:
Mezyn National Natural Park is in the north part of the Korop District of the Chernihiv Region, 310 km2 in area, is characteristic for its strongly dismembered landscape that stipulates presence of varied localities, among them there are exterminated glaciofluvial plains, slopes and super streamside terraces. Aim of research included an expose of the value of the Mezyn NNP in maintenance of forest diversity of vascular plants and forest communities. In the Mezyn NNP there are 772 species of spontaneous flora, 194 species of the cultivated flora and 18 rarity species. The rarest species are concentrated in the centre and the east, prats of the park richer in vegetation cover. In the forest group of the Mezyn NNP 10 species of vascular plants are recordered in the Red book of the Ukraine. The wooden territory of the Mezyn NNP presents 38% and provides the variety of ecotopic terms after they provides a wide spectrum of representation and protection of forest species of vascular plants and corresponding phytocommunites.
Źródło:
Studia Quaternaria; 2020, 37; 21-29
1641-5558
2300-0384
Pojawia się w:
Studia Quaternaria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial autocorrelation of tree attributes in naturally regenerated managed beech (Fagus sylvatica) forests in the Beskid Niski Mountains, southern Poland
Autorzy:
Szmyt, J.
Stoyan, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41093.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
spatial structure
spatial correlation function
tree
natural regeneration
beech
Fagus sylvatica
beech forest
forest
Beskid Niski Mountains
Polska
Opis:
European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is a widely distributed forest tree species in central, southern and western Europe. In Poland it reaches the eastern limit of its natural range. The three forest stands selected for the analysis presented here are located in the Dukla Forest Inspectorate, southern Poland in the Beskid Niski Mountains. The measurement plots were rectangular, 0.35 ha each, established under homogenous conditions. The origin of all stands is natural and up to now they were thinned several times according to selective thinning method. The main tree species on each plot is European beech. In each stand (x, y) coordinates, the species, total heights of trees and their diameters at breast height were recorded. Total tree height, diameter, basal area and tree volume were considered as marks in statistical analysis. The aim of this paper is to find out the differences in the spatial autocorrelation of different tree marks as well as to explain the reasons for differences if they were observed. The empirical mark correlation functions indicated that there is a negative spatial correlation of all these marks in all three forest stands, i.e. trees close together tend to have smaller marks than the average in the stand. No significant spatial correlation was found for the tree heights. Diameter, basal area and volume show some correlation, but only in one stand a deviation test showed that the detected spatial correlation is significant. The mark variograms indicated that neighboring trees tended to have similar sizes.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Annual dynamics of natural regeneration of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) on a research plot located in the area of forest decline in the Silesian Beskid Mountains
Autorzy:
Ambrozy, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38649.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
annual dynamics
natural regeneration
silver birch
Betula pendula
plot
forest decline
forest area
conversion
regeneration development
Silesian Beskids Mountains
Opis:
The study shows a high dynamics approximately five-year-old natural regeneration of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) growing on the research plot located in the fertile mountain habitat in the middle of the lower montane forest zone in the Silesian Beskid Mountains (Beskid Śląski) compared to its co-occurring species. The dynamics is expressed as a significant annual increment in height and diameter of birch trees, leading in consequence to the appearance of an older sapling phase for most regenerations of this species. This creates the possibility of early undercanopy planting of tree species adjusted to the site conditions, mainly silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.).
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2010, 52, 2
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cechy i wskaźniki zróżnicowania lasów różnowiekowych w różnych stadiach rozwoju
Characteristics and indicators of uneven-aged forest diversity at different developmental stages
Autorzy:
Poznański, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1013549.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
metody obliczen
drzewostany roznowiekowe
zroznicowanie
lesnictwo
stadia rozwojowe
wskazniki zroznicowania
characteristics and indicators of forest diversity in natural convention
uneven−aged forests
developmental stages
Opis:
The paper presents the results of assessment of the characteristics and indicators of uneven−aged forest diversity based on natural convention for different stages of development. The assessed characteristics and indicators included: the average diameter at breast height, natural self−thinning of trees, relative and real stocking and the variation in dbh distribution structure.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2008, 152, 09; 21-30
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ gryzoni na regenerację lasu z uwzględnieniem zaburzeń naturalnych i antropogenicznych
Influence of the rodents on forest regeneration considering natural and anthropogenic disturbances
Autorzy:
Wróbel, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990977.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
ekosystemy lesne
zaburzenia antropogeniczne
zaburzenia naturalne
odnowienia lasu
gryzonie
anthropogenic disturbances
forest management
forest regeneration
natural disturbances
rodents
Opis:
The role of the rodents in forest regeneration includes both negative (seed and seedlings consumption) and positive (seed dispersal) aspects. The objective of this paper is to review the knowledge of this dual effect of the rodents on forest regeneration after disturbance, particularly in temperate managed forest stands. Many studies have demonstrated that consumption of seeds and seedlings by rodents can substantially inhibit regeneration of forest stands after disturbance. Small mammal predation on oak, pine and European beech seeds and seedlings contributes to reduced forest regeneration after tree harvest and natural disturbances such as fires. On the other hand, some rodent species may promote seed dispersal towards deforested areas. Moreover, they frequently prefer nesting and caching of acorns near structures providing shelter. Such structures are abundant in disturbed areas and appear to promote higher survival of cached seeds. Furthermore, there are certain techniques of seed and seedling protection against small mammals, e.g., planting seeds in the soil, using polyethylene tubes to raise seedlings, or providing alternative food for rodents. The positive impact of the rodents can be enhanced and negative minimized through proper management, such as providing appropriate microhabitats for seed caching, or maintaining continuity of canopy cover/forest stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 09; 714-720
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Precipitation and duff fall as natural sources of nitrogen and phosphorus for forest soils in the Slowinski National Park
Opad atmosferyczny i opad roślinny jako naturalne źródło azotu i fosforu dla gleb leśnych w Słowińskim Parku Narodowym
Autorzy:
Parzych, A.
Trojanowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/85037.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Tematy:
precipitation
natural source
nitrogen
phosphorus
forest soil
Slowinski National Park
fall
plant
mixed forest
wood
leaf
needle
mineralization
ground cover
tree root
forest ecosystem
Opis:
Every year forest soils are enriched with nitrogen and phosphorus compounds due to the fall of leaves and litter of conifer needles, mineralization of ground cover and decaying tree roots, as well as precipitation. The process has been examined in two forest ecosystems: a mixed forest (plot I) and a young wood (plot II). The overall fall of duff collected in the young wood of the Słowinski National Park (plot II) has been 3.014 t/ha·year, which constitutes 69.35% of the fall collected in the mixed forest (plot I) on this territory (4.346 t/ha·year). The maximum intensity of duff fall occurred in autumn months and constituted 62.36% and 64.20% of annual fall respectively. Totally, 46.96 kg/ha·year of N and P were supplied to the soil of the plot I and 22.04 kg/ha·year in the case of the plot II. The precipitation enriched the soils of the mixed forest by 33.66 kg/ha·year of nitrogen and 1.19 kg/ha·year of phosphorus, the soils of the young wood – by 23.06 kg/ha·year of nitrogen and 0.92 kg/ha·year of phosphorus.
Każdego roku gleby leśne wzbogacane są związkami azotu i fosforu pochodzącymi z opadających liści i igliwia, mineralizacji runa leśnego, gnijących korzeni drzew i krzaków oraz opadów atmosferycznych. Procesy te badano w dwóch ekosystemach leśnych Słowińskiego Parku Narodowego: w lesie mieszanym (działka I) i borze swieżym (działka II). Ogólny opad ścioły zebrany w swieżym borze wynosił 3,014 t ha-1rok-1 i był mniejszy niż zebrany w lesie mieszanym (4,346 t ha-1rok-1). Najbardziej intensywny opad ścioły obserwowano w miesiącach jesiennych i stanowił on odpowiednio 62,36% i 64,20% rocznego opadu. Ogólnie w ten sposób wprowadzono 46,96 kg ha-1rok-1 azotu i fosforu do gleby działki I i 22,04 kg ha-1rok-1 do gleby działki II. Opad atmosferyczny wzbogacił gleby lasu mieszanego w 33,66 kg ha-1rok-1 azotu i 1,19 kg ha-1rok-1 fosforu, a gleby boru swieżego odpowiednio 23,06 kg ha-1rok-1 i 0,92 kg ha-1rok-1.
Źródło:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2006, 10
1643-0115
Pojawia się w:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sukcesja dębu w drzewostanach sosnowych na siedliskach borowych
The oak succession in the pine stand in the coniferous forest habitat
Autorzy:
Gniot, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016532.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
sukcesja roslin
drzewostany sosnowe
siedliska borowe
Quercus
lesnictwo
dab
drzewa lesne
natural succesion
oak
pure pine stand
coniferous forest habitats
silviculture
transformation of the
stand
the complexity in the forest vegetation community
the biological diversity in the forest
forestry
headquater
balanced proecological forest management unit
the function of the forest
multipurpose
forest
the ecosystem of the forest
stand varied in species
biocenosis
the natural upgrowth
Opis:
Permanently balanced forest economy demands today a resignation from a constant model of the forest stand, which preferred the productive function of the forest, mostly without any consideration to its natural values formed by Mother Nature. Implanting on Polish grounds principles of multifunctional forest districts acknowledged as a breeding object of the whole forest ecosystem, giving in that way the forest economy a proecological dimension. Its a result from a general progress of civilization and achievements in forest science; reaching towards the needs and expectations from the society gaining a general acceptation from different environments. One of the fundamental elements implementing the ecosystem is to rebuild deformed and artificially barred forest phytocenosis. This refers especially to pure pine stands on habitats, in which trophoism potential explains breeding habitats species variety. A good help for the forester in this area can be a natural succesion of good, noble broad−leaved species like for example the oak. Succesion of this species takes on a special meaning in poor habitats, in which it without any special imposes enriches the biocenose with the whole positive outcome accompanying this process; it can also be a valuable clue to the potential fertility in the habitat and the complexity in the forest vegetation community. An important task is to lead the way for the oaks development from succesion to its fullest use as a natural presence in creating the future forest generation. The article below is devoted to this question describing the natural up growth of the oak in pine stands on the coniferous forest habitats in Forest District Różanna and the methods and results in which they are used for breeding.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 05; 60-72
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An assessment of genetic diversity following natural regeneration of Sorbus torminalis in the Forest District of Jamy (northern Poland)
Autorzy:
Bednorz, L.
Myczko, L.
Kosinski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41322.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
assessment
genetic diversity
natural regeneration
Sorbus torminalis
conservation
wild service tree
Forest District Jamy
Polska
Opis:
The subject of the study was a population of Sorbus torminalis resulting from spontaneous regeneration from seeds in northern Poland at the north-eastern limit of the species distribution. The population, occupying a fenced plot of 1.72 ha in the Forest District of Jamy, amounted to 579 individuals of variable age classes up to about 19 years old. Six polymorphic gene loci: MDH-B, ME-A, 6PGD-B, ADH-B, PGM-A, PGM-B were studied in 532 individuals recruited post-fencing and 21 potentially parental, adult trees. The analysis showed similarly high levels of genetic diversity within both subsets of individuals but there was also a noticeable change in genetic structure between them. Detailed genetic analysis of the post-fencing recruits revealed lack of significant differences between different age groups based on DBH within the fenced plot.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2015, 73
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Topical issues of sustainable use of natural resources of the western Ukrainian borderland
Autorzy:
Rudenko, Valeriy
Ivakh, Yaroslav
Veklyn, Oleh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
Western Ukrainian borderland
natural resources
land resources
land fund
biological resources
forest resources
mineral resources
recreational resources
territorial combination of natural resources
Opis:
The article analyzes the natural resource potential of the Western Ukrainian borderland: history, development, current state and conditions. Land resources and land fund of the Borderland as well as the main trends in its use as the basis of agriculture and the operational base of society have been characterized. The role of water, biological and recreational resources in the structure of the natural resources of the region has been described. Current trends in the use of Western Ukrainian borderland mineral resources have been analyzed.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2017, 7, 2; 24-31
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagrożone gatunki drzew Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego (Rezerwat Ścisły)
Threatened tree species of the Bialowieza National Park (the Strict Reserve)
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Keczyński, A.
Zajączkowski, J.
Drozdowski, S.
Gawron, L.
Buraczyk, W.
Bielak, K.
Szeligowski, H.
Dzwonkowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1007075.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
hodowla lasu
Bialowieski Park Narodowy
rezerwaty scisle
Obreb Ochronny Orlowka
stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
sklad gatunkowy
drzewa lesne
grab
lipa
swierk
olsza
brzoza
dab
sosna
jesion
klon
wiaz
topola osika
zageszczenie populacji
liczebnosc
struktura grubosci
gatunki dominujace
gatunki zagrozone
diameter distribution
dynamic status
large−scale inventory
long−term trend
natural forest
permanent plot
population density
population dynamics
strict protection
Opis:
An assessment of the current dynamic status of tree species occurring in the Strict Reserve of the Białowieża National Park is presented. On the basis of long−term trends and analysis of large−scale inventory data, the three major groups of trees are distinguished: 1) ‘safe’ group, containing hornbeam and lime, 2) ‘presently safe, but declining in a long−term run’ group, involving spruce, birch and alder, and 3) ‘threatened and highly threatened’ group, consisting of oak, pine, ash, maple, elm and aspen.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 04; 252-261
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Białowieża Primaeval Forest – a Conflict between the Polish Government and the European Commission
Puszcza Białowieska – konflikt rządu polskiego z Komisją Europejską
Autorzy:
Kmiecik, Zbigniew R.
Furtak-Niczyporuk, Marzena
Grzywaczewski, Grzegorz
Kitowski, Ignacy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31344088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
forest management
Białowieża Forest
bark beetle
conservation of natural habitats
European Commission
gospodarka leśna
Puszcza Białowieska
kornik drukarz
ochrona siedlisk przyrodniczych
Komisja Europejska
Opis:
The article describes the natural background, the origin, the course and the outcome of the dispute between Poland and the European Commission which was going on in the years 2016–2018 regarding the forest management performed in the Białowieża Forest. The dispute took place on two interrelated levels: natural and legal. The main axis of the dispute between the Polish government and the European Commission was the difference of views as to what actions would prove effective in the fight against the latest gradation of the bark beetle, which occurred with exceptional intensity in the Białowieża Forest in 2015, and what actions would be most beneficial in the context of preserving rare species of birds and insects that make up the fauna of the Białowieża Forest. The article presents extensively the arguments raised by both parties to the conflict in the proceedings before the Court of Justice of the European Union, which were initiated by a complaint filed by the European Commission. As a commentary on these arguments, the views expressed in the scientific literature as to the proper reaction in response to a recurrent infestation of the bark beetle, usefulness and efficacy of the active forest management operations questioned by the European Commission, as well as an impact of these operations on the conservation of natural habitats, insects and birds are presented. The legal dimension of the dispute boiled down to the question of what actions in the situation were allowed, required or prohibited under Polish and EU law.
W artykule opisano podłoże, genezę, przebieg i wynik sporu między Polską a Komisją Europejską, który toczył się w latach 2016–2018 o gospodarkę leśną prowadzoną w Puszczy Białowieskiej. Spór toczył się na dwóch powiązanych ze sobą płaszczyznach: przyrodniczej i prawnej. Główną osią sporu była różnica poglądów na to, jakie działania mogą przynieść skutek w walce z gradacją kornika drukarza, która w 2015 r. nastąpiła z wyjątkową intensywnością w Puszczy Białowieskiej, a także jakie działania byłyby najkorzystniejsze w kontekście zachowania rzadkich gatunków ptaków i owadów współtworzących faunę Puszczy. W artykule obszernie zaprezentowano argumenty podnoszone przez obie strony w postępowaniu przed Trybunałem Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej, które uruchomione zostało skargą wniesioną przez Komisję Europejską. Jako komentarz do tych argumentów przedstawiono poglądy wyrażane w nauce odnośnie do pożądanych sposobów reagowania na okresowe gradacje kornika drukarza, celowości i skuteczności kwestionowanych przez Komisję Europejską działań gospodarczych oraz wpływu owych działań na stan podlegających ochronie siedlisk przyrodniczych, owadów i ptaków. Prawny wymiar sporu sprowadzał się do kwestii, jakie działania w zaistniałej sytuacji są dozwolone, nakazane bądź zakazane w świetle prawa polskiego i unijnego.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia; 2023, 32, 5; 217-238
1731-6375
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Non-productive functions of valuable natural areas
Pozaprodukcyjne funkcje obszarów przyrodniczo cennych
Autorzy:
Jalinik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
non-production function
natural valuable area
socioeconomic function
forest area
economic activity
social activity
local government
Opis:
The subject of the study is the presentation of naturally valuable areas in which non-production related functions can be performed apart from the production related ones. The purpose of this article is to address the issue of functions of naturally valuable areas with the focus on their importance for economic and social activity. The present analysis has been based on the specialist research literature as well as on the data obtained from local government bodies. The induction and deduction methods as well as critical literature analysis have been used. The results of the study confirmed that non-production related functions play a significant role in social life and, above all, they can impact the improvement of people’s physical and mental health. They can also provide some valuable raw materials including forest undergrowth while the principles of sustainable growth are followed.
Przedmiotem badań jest przedstawienie obszarów przyrodniczo cennych, na których poza funkcjami produkcyjnymi można realizować funkcje pozaprodukcyjne. Celem opracowania jest zaprezentowanie funkcji obszarów przyrodniczo cennych, a głównie ich znaczenia w działalności gospodarczej i społecznej. Do opracowania wykorzystano literaturę specjalistyczną pochodzącą z opracowań naukowych, jak i danych organów samorządowych. W opracowaniu zastosowano metodę indukcyjną i dedukcyjną oraz krytyczną analizę literatury. Wyniki badań potwierdziły, że funkcje pozaprodukcyjne odgrywają również ważną rolę w życiu społecznym, a przede wszystkim mogą wpływać na poprawę zdrowia fizycznego i psychicznego. Mogą także dostarczać bardzo wartościowych surowców uwzględniając runo leśne przy zachowaniu zasad zrównoważonego rozwoju.
Źródło:
Economic and Regional Studies; 2016, 09, 3; 103-111
2083-3725
2451-182X
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Regional Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Puszcza Borecka jako cenna ostoja ptaków leśnych
The Borki Primeval Forest as an important forest bird area
Autorzy:
Rakowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1312396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lasy
Puszcza Borecka
ostoje zwierzyny
fauna
ptaki
ptaki legowe
wykaz gatunkow
the Borki Primeval Forest
avifauna
important bird areas
forest birds
natural forests
indicator species
Opis:
This paper presents an overview of bird research carried out in the Borki Primeval Forest during the last 30 years. The Borki Primeval Forest can be considered as one of the most important forest bird sites in Poland. Its avifauna comprises 139 breeding species, including 11 rare and endangered species listed in the Polish Red Data Book of Animals as well as 30 species listed in Annex I of the EU Birds Directive. Despite its relatively small area, the Borki Primeval Forest holds at least 1% of Polish breeding population of as many as 12 bird species . For seven out of these species it is one of the most important breeding sites in the country. The avifauna of the Borki Primeval Forest consists mostly of typical forest birds including 24 indicator species which are associated with natural forests. The richness of bird species in the Borki Primeval Forest and the abundance of several valuable groups of breeding species are the result of a high landscape and habitat diversity as well as a relatively small anthropopression combined with a high degree of naturalness of forest stands.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 1; 88-107
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rewitalizacja terenów poeksploatacyjnych na obszarze miasta Konina
Revitalisation of post-mining resions in the area of the town of Konin
Autorzy:
Gilewska, M.
Otremba, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/372660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
odkrywka węgla brunatnego
zwałowisko
rekultywacja leśna
rekultywacja rolnicza
rewitalizacja przyrodnicza
forest recultivation
agricultural recultivation
natural recultivation
Opis:
Praca dotyczy rewitalizacji terenów poeksploatacyjnych po odkrywkach węgla brunatnego Niesłusz i Gosławice. Zlokalizowane są one w północnej części miasta Konina i zajmują około 15,6% jego powierzchni. W latach 60 i 70 XX wieku zostały zrekultywowane, głównie leśnie i rolniczo. Znaczna część tych terenów z biegiem lat uległa wtórnej degradacji i konieczna jest ich rewitalizacja, służąca rozwojowi społeczności lokalnej. Te tereny mogą wpisać się w strefę zieleni miejskiej wzbogaconej o tereny rekreacyjne i sportowe. Z uwagi na osiadanie, nieciągłość litologiczną w ograniczonym zakresie pełnić mogą funkcje terenów inwestycyjnych.
The study is concerned with the process of revitalisation of post-mining regions of Niesłusz and Gosławice brown coal open-cast mines. These areas are situated in the northern part of the town of Konin and occupy approximately 15,6% of its area. In 1960s and 1970s, they underwent restoration, mainly in the form of forest or agricultural reclamation. With the passage of time, considerable parts of these grounds underwent secondary degradation. Their revitalisation is essential as this would support development of local population because these areas could be turned into urban green land which would also comprise areas for recreation, extreme sports etc. Due to their mining subsidence and lithological discontinuity, they can also be used to a limited extent as investment parks.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski; 2013, 149 (29); 59-67
1895-7323
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Inżynieria Środowiska / Uniwersytet Zielonogórski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wartość funkcji rekreacyjnej Leśnego Kompleksu Promocyjnego „Lasy Janowskie”
Value of forest recreational function of "Janowskie Forests" promotional forest complex
Autorzy:
Mandziuk, A.
Parzych, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
Tematy:
lasy
funkcje lasu
walory rekreacyjne
Lasy Janowskie
rekreacja
srodowisko przyrodnicze
wycena
badania ankietowe
forest
forest function
recreational function
recreational value
Janow Forests Reserve
promotional forest complex
recreation
natural environment
valuation
questionnaire research
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2017, 11
2081-1438
2391-4106
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gap regeneration in near-natural European beech forest stands in Central Bohemia - the role of heterogeneity and micro-habitat factors
Autorzy:
Bilek, L.
Remes, J.
Podrazsky, V.
Rozenbergar, D.
Diaci, J.
Zahradnik, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41443.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
gap regeneration
natural regeneration
Europe
beech forest
Fagus sylvatica
competition
stand
Central Bohemian region
heterogeneity
microhabitat factor
Opis:
Gap regeneration in a European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forest reserve was analyzed in relation to within-gap resource heterogeneity and ground vegetation competition. The study was carried out in two one-hectare permanent research plots (PRP) which included five smaller research plots (RP) encompassing two large gaps (500–700 m2), two small gaps (300–400 m2), and location under canopy. The coverage of woody regeneration, ground vegetation, dead wood, seedling density in eight height classes, characteristics of dominant trees of the beech regeneration, and the total thickness of holorganic horizons were measured. Soil moisture and light conditions were also assessed in selected sample plots. The relative direct and diffuse light was estimated by hemispherical photography. Small gaps showed both the highest cover of tree regeneration and the highest density of individuals per hectare. Slightly less regeneration was recorded in large gaps, while under closed canopy, regeneration densities were 5–10 times lower than in small gaps. Beech regeneration cover and the size (diameter and height) of dominant beech seedlings were positively related to relative diffuse light and negatively related to ground vegetation cover. The latter was positively related to diffuse light and soil moisture content. A pronounced statistically significant contrast in the cover and size of beech regeneration in relation to micro-site conditions (diffuse light, cover of graminoids) was only confirmed between sample plots located below canopy cover and those within gaps. Graminoids, in particular Calamagrostis epigejos L., occurred mainly in the large gap centre and along the southernmost edge of the large gap, increasing competition for resources here. The cumulative cover of ground vegetation and regeneration was relatively low (9–56%) compared with more mesic natural beech forests. The indicated negative influence of direct light at the northern gap edge suggests that extension of gaps on comparable sites in managed forest should not proceed in this direction.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2014, 71
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alienacja ekologiczna dzieci w wieku wczesnoszkolnym – refleksje nad pokoleniem pasażerów
Environmental Alienation of Children in the Early School Age – Reflections on the Passenger Generation
Autorzy:
Brudzińska, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810741.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-04-21
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
alienacja ekologiczna
naturalne place zabaw
przedszkola leśne
deficyt natury
pedagogia źródeł
ecological alienation
natural playgrounds
forest kindergartens
nature deficit
Opis:
Prezentowany artykuł omawia problem jakości relacji współczesnych dzieci ze środowiskiem naturalnym. W tekście zamieszczono wyniki polskich i zagranicznych badań ukazujących poziom dziecięcej wiedzy przyrodniczej oraz wzrastającą tendencję do ograniczania czasu spędzanego w środowisku naturalnym. Poruszono także kwestię odpowiedzi na tę sytuację – dostrzeżenie potrzeby wyznaczania nowych miejsc do zabawy dziecięcej, umożliwienia prowadzenia obserwacji przyrody.
The presented paper discusses the problem of the quality of contemporary children – natural environment relationship. The text includes results from Polish and foreign studies demonstrating the level of children’s environmental knowledge and increasing tendency to limit the time spent in the natural environment. It also covers the issue of response to this situation, the recognition of the need for designation of new places for children to play as well as enabling nature observation.
Źródło:
Roczniki Pedagogiczne; 2021, 13, 1; 81-93
2080-850X
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Pedagogiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rural forested areas as an only background for regional carbon and environmental balance
Autorzy:
Alekseev, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38687.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
rural area
forest area
background
carbon
environmental balance
primary production
respiration
natural ecosystem
carbon dioxide
biomass
global carbon cycle
Opis:
Techno systems release CO2 meanwhile natural ecosystems accumulate it in biomass and these flows for total techno-ecosystem stability should be in quantitative balance. General environmental stability (GES) may be described as ratio of total amount of carbon sequestered (TACS) annually by forested area of region to total amount of carbon (TACR) released on the same area from industrial sources. For Leningrad region this ratio is estimated as much as 1.15 and we may generally conclude about enough productivity of local forest ecosystems to accumulate locally released anthropogenic carbon and therefore about positive input of Leningrad region into global carbon cycle.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan, warunki i problemy odnowienia naturalnego sosny w Puszczy Białowieskiej
The state, conditions and problems of pine natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest
Autorzy:
Paluch, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
Pinus
sosna
lesnictwo
odnowienia naturalne
Puszcza Bialowieska
drzewa lesne
pine
natural regeneration
białowieża forest
damage
game
fencing
Opis:
The paper discusses conditions and problems concerning natural regeneration of pine in the „Puszcza Białowieska” Promotional Forest Complex. The studies on pine regeneration established from self−seeding were carried out on permanent experimental plots occupied by fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forests site types. A space filling index used in the experiment was to define space occupied by pine regeneration the so−called „height sum”. A significance test of differences in mean values between the abundance and height sum (t−Student's test) was used for each experimental variant within the forests site types. Natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest occurs infrequently. It can be found mainly in loose pine stands growing in fresh coniferous forest site types. Pine naturally regenerates most successfully in fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forest site types, on fenced clear−cuts with a few reserved trees, with soil prepared in furrows and well−performed tending treatments, as well as in pine stands with stocking 0.4 providing that the same conditions are maintained. The primary condition for successful natural regeneration of pine in the Białowieża Forest is its protection against animals in the form of fencing.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 11; 9-21
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Lasy falowe, czyli o niezamierzonym lecz nieprzypadkowym podobieństwie pomiędzy rębnią Wagnera i lasami naturalnymi
Wave forests – not intended but not accidental similarity between Wagners Blendersaumschlag silvicultural system and natural forests
Autorzy:
Bolibok, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035857.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany
rebnie brzegowo-smugowe
odnowienia lasu
hodowla lasu
inicjowanie odnowien
lasy falowe
las naturalny
struktura przestrzenna
lesnictwo
wave forest
wave−regenerated forests
shimagare forest
wagner's blendersaumschlag silvicultural system
natural forests
Opis:
A characteristic spatial structure of natural forests called „wave forest” or „Shimagare forest” is very similar to structure which is shaped by silvicultural system invented by Christopher Wagner. This review presents regions of occurrence, mechanisms of arising and maintenance of mentioned natural forests and compares them with theory and praxis of Wagner's Blendersaumschlag.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 10; 16-24
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Deforestation and its impacts on climate change an overview of Pakistan
Autorzy:
Ali, A.
Riaz, S.
Iqbal, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
climate change
deforestation
Pakistan
catastrophic event
forest age
natural factor
weather
industrialization
urbanization
global temperature
surface temperature
disaster
South Asia
Opis:
Forests are one the main natural factors that regulate and determine climate, weather patterns and amount of CO2 of an area. With rapid industrialization and rapid urbanization there is a significant increase in deforestation and as a consequence rise in global mean surface temperatures. Rapid and unchecked cut down of forest cover has resulted in some of the worst disasters during the last decades. This paper focuses on studying the role of deforestation, its influence on climate change phenomena and its consequences in Pakistan.
Źródło:
Papers on Global Change; 2014, 21
2300-8121
1730-802X
Pojawia się w:
Papers on Global Change
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odnowienie naturalne dębu w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym "Puszcza Białowieska" - stan, warunki i perspektywy
Autorzy:
Paluch, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022909.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesne kompleksy promocyjne
Quercus
lesnictwo
dab
odnowienia naturalne
Puszcza Bialowieska
drzewa lesne
oak
natural regeneration
białowieża primeval forest
hornbeam expansion
Opis:
The paper presents the state and conditions of oak natural regeneration in the „Białowieża Primeval Forest” Promotional Forest Complex. It has been stated that under natural conditions oak appears in all forest types but it infrequently grows into a stand. With the recent expansion of hornbeam, it is difficult for oak effectively to regenerate. It has been confirmed in this study that the shelterwood cutting system (leaving some trees to dye naturally) is the most efficient method of natural regeneration of oak in the Białowieża stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 01; 30-41
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie bezzałogowych statków powietrznych jako składników mobilnego systemu monitorowania zagrożeń pożarowych w lasach
Usage of unmanned aerial vehicles as mobile components of fire hazard monitoring system in forests
Autorzy:
Cyganczuk, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
Tematy:
pozary lasow
zagrozenie pozarowe
monitoring
kleski zywiolowe
drony
bezzalogowe statki powietrzne
unmanned aerial vehicle
fire
forest
natural disaster
fire hazard
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2016, 10
2081-1438
2391-4106
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kornik drukarz Ips typographus (L) - naturalny składnik ekosystemów leśnych Puszczy Białowieskiej, czy ich zagrożenie?
Spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L) - a natural component of the ecosystems in the Bialowieza Forest or their threat?
Autorzy:
Nowak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
Tematy:
drzewostany swierkowe
szkodniki roslin
kornik drukarz
Ips typographus
Puszcza Bialowieska
rownowaga przyrodnicza
zagrozenia roslin
ekosystemy lesne
swierk pospolity
procesy naturalne
zarzadzenia
forest ecosystem
Norway spruce
plant pest
spruce bark beetle
ecological balance
gradation
natural process
directive
forest
threat
Bialowieza Forest
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2016, 10
2081-1438
2391-4106
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wartość przyrodnicza roślinności siedlisk nieleśnych Pogórza Kaczawskiego uznanego za obszar Natura 2000
Natural values of vegetation in non-forest habitats of the Kaczawa Foothills pre selected as a special protection area Natura 2000
Autorzy:
Żyszkowska, M.
Fatyga, J.
Nadolna, L.
Paszkiewicz-Jasińska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/338960.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
obszary Natura 2000
siedliska nieleśne
Sudety
Przedgórze Kaczawskie
wartość przyrodnicza
Natura 2000 areas
natural value
non-forest habitats
Sudetes
Kaczawskie Foothills
Opis:
Tematem niniejszej pracy jest inwentaryzacja i ocena wybranych siedlisk nieleśnych Pogórza Kaczawskiego, zakwalifikowanych wstępnie do uznania za obszar Natura 2000 i oznaczonych symbolem PLH 020037. W badaniach marszrutowych określono strukturę użytkowania ziemi i strukturę użytków rolnych, a następnie w wyznaczonych za pomocą GPS punktach na powierzchni użytków zielonych wykonano zdjęcia fitosocjologiczne metodą Brauna-Blanqueta. Zebrany materiał stanowił podstawę określenia przynależności fitosocjologicznej na podstawie 6-stopniowej skali ilościowości. Stwierdzono, że na badanym terenie szata roślinna została zdominowana przez uprawy polowe, a użytki zielone zajmują stanowiska marginalne i są w dużej mierze wynikiem odłogowania gruntów ornych. Spośród zbiorowisk roślinności łąkowej wyróżniono 10 jednostek fitosocjologicznych. Do najbardziej wartościowych należały fitocenozy zakwalifikowane jako zespół Arrhenatheretum elatioris i zbiorowisko Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra. Przedstawicielem roślinności ruderalnej był zespół Convolvulo-Agropyretum, a roślinności terenów podmokłych - Phragmitetum australis. Wiele płatów roślinności z uwagi na trudności w jednoznacznym określeniu przynależności do zespołu ujęto jako zbiorowiska z dominującym gatunkiem. Były to zbiorowiska z Solidago canadensis, Holcus mollis, Holcus lanatus i Filipendula ulmaria. Wynikiem pracy była ogólna konkluzja, że jako siedliska podlegające ochronie mogą być rozpatrywane tylko te, na których występowało zbiorowisko Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra. Gatunkiem znajdującym się pod ścisłą ochroną była centuria zwyczajna (Centaurium erythraea Rafn), a narażone na wyginięcie były okrzyn łąkowy (Laserpitium prutenicum L.) i stokłosa żytnia (Bromus secalinus L.). W podsumowaniu stwierdzono, że badany teren tylko w niewielkim stopniu spełnia kryteria obszarów Natura 2000.
The subject of our study was to make an inventory and evaluation of selected non-forest habitats of the Kaczawskie Foothills and Mountains preliminarily classified as the area of Natura 2000 (symbol PLH 020037). In the route studies the structure of land use and of farmlands was determined and then in grassland sites chosen with the GPS phytosociological relevés were taken with the use of Braun-Blanquet's method. Collected material was a basis for establishing phytosociological status based on 6-grade Braun-Blanquet's scale of cover-abundance. It was found that the flora within study area was dominated by field crops and the grasslands covered only a marginal part of the area being mostly an effect of abandoned arable lands. Among communities of meadow vegetation 10 phytosociological units were distinguished. The most valuable ones included phytocoenoses classified as Arrhenatheretum elatioris association and Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra community. Ruderal vegetation was represented by Convolvulo-Agropyretum, and wetland vegetation - by Phragmitetum australis. Due to difficulties with exact classification of some vegetation patches, they were classified as communities of one dominating species. They included the communities of Solidago canadensis, Holcus mollis, Holcus lanatus and of Filipendula ulmaria. The general conclusion of the study was that only the communities with Poa pratensis-Festuca rubra may be considered as protected habitats. Centaurium erythraea is the species under strict protection, while Laserpitium prutenicum and Bromus secalinus are the threatened species. In conclusion we underline that the study area only partially fulfills the criteria of Natura 2000 sites.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2009, 9, 4; 227-244
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Puszcza Białowieska - obiekt światowego dziedzictwa UNESCO - priorytety ochronne
The Bialowieza Forest – a UNESCO Natural Heritage Site – protection priorities
Autorzy:
Kujawa, A.
Orczewska, A.
Falkowski, M.
Blicharska, M.
Bohdan, A.
Buholz, L.
Chylarecki, P.
Gutowski, J.M.
Latałowa, M.
Mysłajek, R.W.
Nowak, S.
Walankiewicz, W.
Zalewska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1294308.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Bialowieska
Swiatowe Dziedzictwo Kulturowe i Przyrodnicze UNESCO
wartosc przyrodnicza
las naturalny
ochrona przyrody
roznorodnosc gatunkowa
siedliska przyrodnicze
specjalne obszary ochrony siedlisk
natural forests
nature protection
biodiversity
natural ecological processes
forest management
Opis:
Despite the fact that only parts of the Białowieża Forest are protected as a national park and nature reserves, the forest is nevertheless as a whole considered a U NESCO Natural Heritage Site, Biosphere Reserve and an integrated Natura 2000 site. In the presently ongoing debate on the conservation priorities regarding the natural value of this forest and the current bark beetle outbreak, two distinct approaches can be recognized: (1) management assumed to involve considerable interference with the forest ecosystems; (2) maintenance of ecological processes and spontaneous restoration of the forest communities. The Białowieża Forest – especially its strictly protected parts – is a “bastion” where species characteristic of ancient forests (including so-called primeval forest relicts) have survived until today. This has been achieved by maintaining the forest’s complexity in areas with considerably reduced human influence, but most of all by maintaining a full spectrum of forest communities, naturally developing forests diverse in age, species composition and spatial structure including stand dieback and breakdown. The following factors need to be taken into account in the protection of the Natural Heritage Site: (1) the internationally recognized value of the Białowieża Forest including its biodiversity, the level of preservation of forest communities and the ongoing natural processes; (2) existing documents and policies concerning nature conservation; (3) research findings from the Białowieża Forest and other natural forest complexes. The key priority is to limit any activities in this forest to an indispensable minimum, mostly concerning security close to roads and tourist tracks as well as collection of fire wood by locals. Without this strict protection, successive and slow anthropogenic transformation will result in the Białowieża Forest sharing the same fate as other forest complexes of the temperate climate zone in Europe or America and lose its globally appreciated value.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2016, 77, 4
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kluczowe problemy współczesnego leśnictwa
Key issues in the forest sector today
Autorzy:
Płotkowski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023661.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
zalesianie
gospodarka lesna
odnowienia lasu
lasy ochronne
plantacje drzew lesnych
zasoby lesne
lesnictwo
wylesienia
pine
natural regeneration
białowieża forest
damage
game
fencing
Opis:
The paper discusses conditions and problems concerning natural regeneration of pine in the „Puszcza Białowieska” Promotional Forest Complex. The studies on pine regeneration established from self−seeding were carried out on permanent experimental plots occupied by fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forests site types. A space filling index used in the experiment was to define space occupied by pine regeneration the so−called „height sum”. A significance test of differences in mean values between the abundance and height sum (t−Student's test) was used for each experimental variant within the forests site types. Natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest occurs infrequently. It can be found mainly in loose pine stands growing in fresh coniferous forest site types. Pine naturally regenerates most successfully in fresh and fresh mixed coniferous forest site types, on fenced clear−cuts with a few reserved trees, with soil prepared in furrows and well−performed tending treatments, as well as in pine stands with stocking 0.4 providing that the same conditions are maintained. The primary condition for successful natural regeneration of pine in the Białowieża Forest is its protection against animals in the form of fencing.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2004, 148, 11; 22-36
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Możliwość zastosowania metody GGE biplot do oceny stanu i identyfikacji zagrożeń zespołu Alopecuretum pratensis opisanego na terenie Parku Krajobrazowego "Podlaski Przełom Bugu"
A possibility of using the GGE biplot method to evaluate the state of and risks for Alopecuretum pratensis assotiation described in the Bug Ravine Landscape Park
Autorzy:
Sienkiewicz-Paderewska, D.
Paderewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/339340.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
ekosystemy nieleśne
fitocenozy łąkowe
sukcesja wtórna
synantropizacja
waloryzacja ekosystemów półnaturalnych
evaluation of semi-natural ecosystems
grassland phytocoenosis
non-forest ecosystems
secondary succesion
synanthropisation
Opis:
Zespół Alopecuretum pratensis (Regel 1925) Steffen 1931, występujący na terenie Parku Krajobrazowego "Podlaski Przełom Bugu", scharakteryzowano na podstawie 50 zdjęć fitosocjologicznych, wykonanych metodą Brauna-Blanqueta. Każde zdjęcie opisano względnym pokryciem gatunków: charakterystycznych dla klasy; charakterystycznych dla siedlisk wilgotniejszych lub siedlisk suchszych; synantropijnych oraz drzew i krzewów. Obliczono również następujące wskaźniki Ellenberga: L - wskaźnik świetlny, F - uwilgotnienia, R - odczynu gleby, N - zawartości azotu w glebie. Parametry te syntetycznie opisano metodą GGE biplot (ang. "Genotype and Genotype-by-Environment interaction effects"). Wykres typu biplot umożliwił wytypowanie grupy niezaburzonych płatów zespołu Alopecuretum pratensis oraz płatów zaburzonych. Te ostatnie to albo fitocenozy występujące w siedliskach przesuszonych, w których odnotowano równocześnie zwiększony udział gatunków synantropijnych, albo fitocenozy zlokalizowane w siedliskach wyraźnie wilgotniejszych. Większość płatów zespołu Alopecuretum pratensis, zanotowanych na terenie Parku "Podlaski Przełom Bugu", wykształciła się w warunkach siedliskowych zbliżonych do optymalnych dla tego syntaksonu i została zaliczona do postaci niezaburzonej, co świadczy o jego dobrej kondycji. Metoda GGE biplot okazała się przydatna do oceny stanu zespołu Alopecuretum pratensis oraz określenia kierunków jego zmian.
The Alopecuretum pratensis association (Regel 1925) Steffen 1931 in the Bug Ravine Landscape Park was described by 50 relevčs with the use of Braun-Blanquet method. The aim of this study was to define the conditions and symptoms of degeneration of Alopecuretum pratensis. Each of the relevčs was described by the relative cover of: characteristic species of Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class, characteristic species of wetter and drier habitats, synanthropic species, tree and shrub species. The Ellenberg indicators (L - light, F - moisture, R - soil pH, N - soil nitrogen) were also calculated. Above mentioned parameters were described synthetically by the GGE biplot method (Genotype and Genotype-by-environment interaction effects). The graph designated the group of undisturbed and disturbed phytocenoses of Alopecuretum pratensis. The disturbed phytocoenosis were often located in drier habitats or in markedly wetter sites. In the first case it was associated with greater participation of synanthropic species. Summing up, most of the described phytocoenoses of Alopecuretum pratenis developed in conditions close to the optimal for that syntaxon and were classified as undisturbed, which indicated their good condition in the Bug Ravine Landscape Park. Selection of appropriate parameters of examined plant community allowed the use of the GGE biplot method for assessing the state of Alopecuretum pratensis and determining the directions of its change.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2011, 11, 3; 237-252
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ stosowanych zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych i rębni na zmianę struktury genetycznej drzewostanów
The effect of tending treatments and cutting systems on the genetic structure of stands
Autorzy:
Sabor, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
oddzialywanie na las
drzewostany
rebnie
selekcja naturalna
lesnictwo
zmiany struktury genetycznej
zabiegi pielegnacyjne
genetic variability
silvicultural treatments
natural selection
heterozygousness
mating
forest sustainability
Opis:
Modern forestry puts effect to ensure the genetic and ecosystemic variability. The paper points to the role of natural selection and maintenance of forest sustainability and provides the characteristic of stands as genetic population and the description of mating systems and their impact on the heterozygous level in trees, as well as of the mechanism of the gene transfer. This is the background to determine genetic effects of the selection and tending treatment such as grading of seeds and seedlings, early and late cleaning, thinning and final felling on forest cultivation.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 02; 39-48
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka florystyczna runi oraz ocena wartości użytkowej i przyrodniczej łąki śródleśnej na terenie lasów miejskich w Szczecinie
Floristic characteristics of the sward and assessment of the utility and natural value of the midforest grassland urban forests in Szczecin
Autorzy:
Kitczak, T.
Jankowski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/339484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
floristic composition
grassland
mid-forest meadow
natural values
soil
urban forests
utility value
gleba
lasy miejskie
łąka śródleśna
skład florystyczny
walory przyrodnicze
wartość użytkowa
Opis:
The study conducted in the years 2011–2014 were selected mid – forest meadow located in Urban Forests in Szczecin in the vicinity of the Plonia River mucky soils. On the analyzed objects were found three communities type Alopecurus pratensis (two), Festuca rubra and Alopecurus pratensis with Calamagrostis canescens. The nature of plant indicates their low economic value and moderate natural values; However, they meet many ecological functions, natural and landscape.
Do badań przeprowadzonych w latach 2011–2014 wybrano łąkę śródleśną zlokalizowaną na terenie lasów miejskich w Szczecinie na glebie murszowatej w sąsiedztwie rzeki Płoni. Na analizowanych obiektach stwierdzono występowanie trzech zbiorowisk: dwa typu Alopecurus pratensis, Festuca rubra oraz Alopecurus pratensis z Calamagrostis canescens. Charakter zbiorowisk roślinnych wskazuje na ich małą wartość gospodarczą i umiarkowane walory przyrodnicze. Pełnią one jednak wiele funkcji ekologicznych, przyrodniczych i krajobrazowych.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2018, 18, 2; 15-24
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The stand structure and natural regeneration of Abies alba Mill. in reserves on the northern margin of its distribution in SW Poland
Autorzy:
Szymura, T H
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
stand structure
natural regeneration
Abies alba
silver fir
Wal Trzebnicki area
distribution
seedling density
stand type
Abietetum polonicum
mixed forest
population structure
safe site
Polska
Opis:
The silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in the area of Wał Trzebnicki is at the northern limit of its distribution in western Poland. This study was performed in three nature reserves with protected silver fir populations. The stands in these reserves were mixed, with complex spatial structure and abundant tree regeneration. The proportion of fir in stands was around 16% of DBHS, the age of trees reached around 130 years. The silver fir occurs mainly in the sapling stage, whereas the number of seedlings was very low. The results of this study show the influence of forest floor vegetation as well as litter type on the emergence of fir seedlings. The seedlings density was compared with the results of other studies from different geographical areas and stands type in Poland.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2007, 57; 55-62
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temperaturnij vpliv landšaftnih požež na ekologìčnij stan edafotopu
Thermal effect of landscape fire on ecological condition of edaphotop
Wpływ termiczny pożarów terenów zielonych na stan ekologiczny edafotopu
Autorzy:
Popovych, Vasyl
Hapalo, Andriy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
Tematy:
landscape fire
fire in natural ecosystems
forest fire
fire danger
fire safety
pożar terenów zielonych
pożar w ekosystemach naturalnych
pożar lasu
zagrożenie pożarowe
bezpieczeństwo pożarowe
Opis:
В Україні лісові пожежі набувають значних обсягів та перетворюються на надзвичай- ні ситуації загальнодержавного значення. Внаслідок локалізації та ліквідації великих і особливо великих лісових пожеж, пожеж у природних екосистемах, залучається значна кількість особового складу та техніки. Знищуються практично усі компоненти довкілля – флора, фауна, ґрунти, забруднюються річки, водойми, повітря. Пожежі у природних екосистемах спричиняють потрапляння в атмосферу значної кількості летких продуктів горіння та небезпечних речовин і сполук. Метою роботи є висвітлення результатів досліджень моніторингу довготривалого впливу лісових пожеж на один із найважливіших компонентів екосистеми – едафотоп. Для досягнення поставленої мети були сформовані такі основні завдання: провести аналіз наукових та літературних джерел щодо проблематики впливу лісових пожеж на едафотоп у вітчизняному та зарубіжному контекстах; дослідити модельне вогнище стосовно температурного та вологісного режимів; встановити температуру полум’я на різних ділянках модельного вогнища; встановити потужність еквівалентної дози фотонного іонізуючого випромінювання на місці проведення експерименту. Теплові режими Малого Полісся є достатніми для розвитку багатьох рослин. Веге- таційний період триває понад 200 днів, а період з активними температурами (понад + 10°С) – 150–160 днів. Більше 100 днів у році мають середньодобову температуру понад + 15°С (період інтенсивної вегетації). Відлиги, які понижують морозостійкість лісових та сільськогосподарських культур, затяжні весни у зв’язку з повільним таненням снігу гальмують швидкий прихід тепла. Експериментальні дослідження з вивчення впливу ландшафтних пожеж на екологіч- ний стан едафотопу здійснювалися на території Малого Полісся поблизу Рава-Руського лісництва в селі Лавриків Жовківського району Львівської області. Відбір проб ґрунтів для досліджень їхнього екологічного стану здійснювався із врахуванням давності (за роками) горіння рослинності та лісової підстилки. Також було створено штучне модельне вогнище ландшафтної пожежі (низової, лісової) на відкритому просторі з дотриманням усіх вимог Правил пожежної безпеки в лісах України з метою фіксування температури та вологості ґрунту в зоні горіння, а також аналізу відібраних ґрунтових проб із ділянок горіння. Встановлено, що температура полум’я під час горіння лучної рослинності в початковий момент часу становила +66,7°С. У процесі горіння, через 20 секунд, температура полум’я сягнула +352,5°С, максимальною температура полум’я була +715,7°С після вигорання всього горючого матеріалу (через 2,5 хв після початку досліду). Водночас, на глибині 5 см у початкових точках горіння температура едафотопу підвищується із +7°С до +20 ± 24°С. Яскраво вираженого діапазону зміни вологості на глибині 5 см не спостерігалося. Отримані результати є важливими з точки зору вивчення впливу підвищених температур на компоненти біосфери, а також відновлення девастованих територій.
In Ukraine forest fires are becoming more significant and transform in emergencies of national importance. Due to the localization and elimination of large and especially large forest fires, fires in natural ecosystems a significant number of personnel and equipment is involved. Almost all components of the environment are destroyed flora, fauna, soils; rivers, reservoirs, air are polluted. Fires in natural ecosystems cause a significant amount of volatile combustion products and hazardous substances and compounds enter the atmosphere. The objective of the work is to highlight the results of research monitoring the long-term impact of forest fires on one of the most important components of the ecosystem – edaphotope. To achieve this goal, the following main tasks were formed: to analyze scientific and literary sources on the impact of forest fires on edaphotope in domestic and foreign contexts; to investigate the model hearth in relation to temperature and humidity regimes; set the flame temperature in different parts of the model hearth; set the power of the equivalent dose of photon ionizing radiation at the site of the experiment. Thermal regimes of Male Polissya are sufficient for the development of plants. The growing season lasts more than 200 days, and the period with active temperatures (over + 10°C) – 150–160 days. More than 100 days a year have an average daily temperature is above + 15°C (period of intensive vegetation). Thaws, which reduce the frost resistance of forest and agricultural crops, and long springs due to the slow melting of snow inhibit the heat arrival. Experimental studies of landscape fires impact on the ecological condition of the edaphotope were carried out in the territory of Maly Polissya near Rava-Rusky forestry in the village of Lavrykiv, Zhovkva district, Lviv region. Sampling of soils was carried out taking into account the age (by years) of burning vegetation and forest litter. Also, an artificial model of landscape fire body (grassland, forest) was created in the open space in compliance with all requirements of the Rules of fire safety in the forests of Ukraine in order to record soil temperature and humidity in the combustion zone, and to analyze the soil samples from combustion sites. It was found that the flame temperature during the burning of meadow vegetation at the initial time was + 66.7°C. During the combustion process, after 20 seconds, the flame temperaturę reached + 352.5°C, the maximum flame temperature was + 715.7°C after burning all the combustible material (2.5 minutes after the start of the experiment). At the same time, at a depth of 5 cm at the initial burning points, the temperature of the edaphotope rises from + 7°С to +20 ± 24°С. A pronounced range of changes in humidity at a depth of 5 cm was not observed. The obtained results are important from the point of view of studying the influence of elevated temperatures on the components of the biosphere, as well as the restoration of devastated areas.
Na Ukrainie pożary lasów stają się coraz bardziej poważne i przeradzają się w kataklizmy o skali narodowej. Ze względu na lokalizację i eliminację dużych i bardzo dużych pożarów lasów oraz pożarów w ekosystemach naturalnych konieczne jest angażowanie znacznej liczby personelu i dużych ilości sprzętu. Zniszczeniu ulegają prawie wszystkie elementy składowe środowiska – zanieczyszczenie obejmuje florę, faunę, gleby, rzeki, zbiorniki wodne oraz powietrze. Pożary występujące w ekosystemach naturalnych powodują powstanie znacznych ilości lotnych produktów spalania i przeniknięcie do atmosfery substancji niebezpiecznych i ich związków. Celem pracy jest podkreślenie wyników badań monitoringowych długotrwałego wpływu pożarów lasów na najważniejsze komponenty ekosystemu – edafotopu. W tym celu przeprowadzone zostały następujące główne zadania: analizowanie źródeł naukowych i danych uzyskanych z literatury dotyczących wpływu pożarów lasu na edafotop w kontekście narodowym i międzynarodowym; badanie modelowego pieca w nawiązaniu do warunków związanych z temperaturą i wilgotnością; ustalenie temperatury płomienia w rożnych miejscach modelowego pieca; ustalenie siły równoważnej dawki promieniowania jonizującego na miejscu przeprowadzanego eksperymentu. Warunki termiczne w Male Polissya są odpowiednie dla wzrostu roślin. Okres wegetacyjny trwa ponad 200 dni, a okres z aktywnymi temperaturami (ponad + 10°C) – 150–160 dni. Przez ponad 100 dni w roku przeciętna dzienna temperatura wynosi ponad + 15°C (okres intensywnej wegetacji). Roztopy zmniejszają odporność na mróz terenów leśnych i upraw rolnych, a długie wiosny wynikające z powolnego roztapiania się śniegu opóźniają pojawienie się ciepła. Badania eksperymentalne wpływu pożarów terenów zielonych na stan ekologiczny edafotonu zostały przeprowadzone na terytorium Maly Polissya w pobliżu leśnictwa Rawa Ruska we wsi Lavrykiv, rejon żółkiewski, obwód lwowski. Pobieranie próbek gleby przeprowadzono, biorąc pod uwagę wiek (określony w latach) płonącej zieleni i ściółki leśnej. Dodatkowo opracowano sztuczny model pożaru zieleni (pastwiska, las) na otwartej przestrzeni zgodnie z wszystkimi wymaganiami zasad bezpieczeństwa pożarowego w przypadku pożarów lasu na Ukrainie w celu rejestrowania temperatury i wilgotności gleby w strefie spalania i analizowania próbek gleby z obszarów spalania. Stwierdzono, że temperatura płomienia w trakcie spalania roślin pastwiskowych w okresie wstępnym wynosiła + 66.7°C. W czasie procesu spalania, po 20 sekundach, temperatura płomienia osiągnęła + 352.5°C, natomiast maksymalna temperatura płomienia wynosiła + 715.7°C po całkowitym spaleniu materiału palnego (2.5 minut po rozpoczęciu eksperymentu). Jednocześnie na głębokości 5 cm we wstępnych punktach spalania temperatura edafotonu wzrasta od + 7°С do +20 ± 24°С. Nie zaobserwowano znacznej skali zmian wilgotności gleby na głębokości wynoszącej 5 cm. Uzyskane wyniki są istotne z punktu widzenia badania wpływów podwyższonych temperatur na poszczególne składniki biosfery, jak również na odnawianie zniszczonych terenów.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej; 2020, 4, 76; 29-45
0239-5223
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe SGSP / Szkoła Główna Służby Pożarniczej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Puszcza Białowieska jako ostoja różnorodności biologicznej
Białowieża Forest as a biodiversity hotspot
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989062.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Bialowieska
ochrona przyrody
ochrona bioroznorodnosci
bogactwo przyrodnicze
rosliny naczyniowe
walory przyrodnicze
active management approach
biodiversity loss
environmental change
forest management
natural succession
strict protection
Opis:
Białowieża Forest (BF) is widely known for its outstanding natural values. The debate about the management/protection model, able to maintain all relevant values of BF on a sustainable basis, has a very long history. Currently, the main role in this debate is played by groups and organizations claiming that the major threat for the biological richness of BF is related to local forest management. In this paper, an attempt is made to verify this thesis. The extensive literature research reveals that vascular plants are one of the most threatened (and best documented) groups of organisms occurring in BF. It was found, for example, that in case of Serratulo−Pinetum (one of the most important woodland community type occurring in BF) the floristic diversity declines at the rate 0.6 species per year. However, similar situation concerns many other groups of species (e.g. lichens) as well. The recession of many species does not take place in the managed part of the BF only. This problem concerns also the areas which, since a long time already, have been subjected to the strict protection, like the ‘Strict Reserve' of the Białowieża National Park (comprising ca. 7% of the BF, under strict protection since ca. 100 years). Several factors and agents responsible for the general deterioration of natural values of BF were identified. Among other things, many authors underline the negative impacts of natural, successional processes taking part in areas which were ‘liberated' from the direct human impacts. Such processes are a direct cause of loss among many herbaceous species, particularly helio− and termophilous plants. Another important reasons for decreasing trends in many important elements of the local biodiversity are: strong reduction of open and semi−open areas (disappearance of the so called ‘cultural landscapes'), climate change, air pollution, deer overabundance, compositional impoverishment of many tree stands, invasive species of plants and animals. In conclusion, there are many factors responsible for decreasing diversity of BF and most of them have nothing to do with the local forest management. To preserve possibly high levels of the natural values of BF for future generations, a wise and complex conservation strategy is needed. As many other similar examples from different places over the world clearly show, the core element of such a strategy should be the principle of active management approach and not the out of action principle of ‘doing nothing'.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 12; 971-981
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Las na gruncie porolnym - oczekiwania i rzeczywistość
Forest on post-agricultural land - expectations and reality
Autorzy:
Krawczyk, R.
Kowalczuk, S.
Ksepko, M.
Sierota, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2136482.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
grunty porolne
zalesianie
gospodarka lesna
lasy porolne
stan zdrowotny lasu
sukcesja roslin
odnowienia naturalne
post-agriculture lands
afforestation
managed forests
forest health
succession
natural regeneration
Opis:
In Central Europe, deforestation led to a reduction of forest area by almost 80%, compared to the original area, by the beginning of the 20th century. At this point in time, a period of intensive reforestation began in an effort to restore forest areas. This process of reforestation, especially on post-agricultural land, continues to this day. This article examines reforestation and natural regeneration on former farmland and the factors that influence the current state as well as the future growth of the forest. Ancient and contemporary views on the functioning of stands on post-agricultural land created by both, natural and forced succession (i.e. afforestation), are recalled. In Poland, this issue primarily concerns managed state forests, which cover an area of over 2 million hectares. We discuss the differences in the development of these stands resulting from the history of agricultural cultivation, the type of afforestation, the influence of environmental factors as well as biotic threats to their development. Furthermore, the need to change the silviculture-, protection- and endowment-based approach to forest management in stands on post-agricultural land is highlighted.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2021, 82, 2; 75-86
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wieloletnie zmiany składu gatunkowego drzewostanów o podwyższonym reżimie ochronnym w Puszczy Augustowskiej i Puszczy Knyszyńskiej
Long-term changes of tree species composition in high protective regime stands in the Augustow and Knyszyn Forests
Autorzy:
Paluch, R.
Gabrysiak, K.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979555.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Augustowska
Puszcza Knyszynska
rezerwaty przyrody
drzewostany naturalne
zbiorowiska lesne
sklad gatunkowy
bor brusznicowy
bor mieszany trzcinnikowo-swierkowy
grad miodownikowo-grabowy
odnowienia naturalne
zmiany skladu gatunkowego
zmiany struktury drzewostanu
natural regeneration
forest reserve
natural stand
hornbeam expansion
Opis:
In the last decades, we observed significant changes in the tree species composition in all layers of close−to−natural stands. Since the 1970s, the Forest Research Institute has collected and stored dataset from stand measurements, phytosociological and other research that are the basis for the long−term monitoring of vegetation. The aim of the research was to determine the directions of changes in the species composition and structure of tree stands, and to analyze the changes in the species composition of natural regeneration growing without human interference in various forest communities in the period of about 40 years. From 2014 to 2017, 40 permanent plots of 0.25 ha were re−measured in the nature reserves of the Knyszyn and Augustów Forests (NE Poland). The diameter of all trees was measured and the trees of the natural regeneration and bushes up to 1.3 m high were counted. The stand similarity index (S) between successive measurements was calculated. The analysis of differences in the composition of tree stands in subsequent measurements was carried out using Student t and Kruskal−Wallis tests. In the species composition of fresh coniferous forest stands and fresh mixed coniferous forest, there were significant changes in the number and share of Scots pine and Norway spruce. In the Knyszyn Forest a significant decrease in the share of spruce was observed. However, an increase in the share of deciduous species was remarkable. An inhibition of the natural pine renewal process and increase in density of spruce regeneration was observed. It is necessary to emphasize the significant expansion of hornbeam in a fresh mixed deciduous forest in the Knyszyn Forest and expansion of hazel in the Augustów Forest. Mean basal area in the forest stands has increased. The similarity index between the beginning and the end of the research reached the value of 0.73−0.94. The species composition and density of natural regenerations created without human intervention are not satisfactory from the point of view of forest sustainability. The most important factor affecting the direction and rate of changes in the species composition of tree stands is the expansion of hornbeam and/or hazel. These species cause changes in the ecological conditions of the lowest forest layers, leading to the unification of the species composition of forest communities.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 10; 846-854
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ zróżnicowania mikrosiedliskowego boru świeżego na liczebność odnowienia naturalnego sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.)
The influence of microsite diversity of fresh coniferous forest on number of Scots pine [Pinus sylvestris L.] natural regeneration
Autorzy:
Gmyz, R.
Skrzyszewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
odnowienia naturalne
siewki
naloty
podrost
warunki mikrosiedliskowe
bor swiezy
pinus sylvestris
natural regeneration
forest floor vegetation
indicator species
microsite diversity
Opis:
The paper analyses the relationships between the microsite diversity of fresh coniferous forest and the number of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) seedlings from natural regeneration. The competition of forest floor vegetation (mainly of Vaccinium myrtillus) was found to be the decisive factor of pine regeneration. Lichens, especially Cladonia arbuscula and C. rangiferina, as well as mosses, e. g. broom moss (Dicranum scoparium) and pincushion moss (Leucobryum glaucum), can be regarded as the indicator species for the microsite suitable for pine regeneration.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2010, 154, 03; 173-181
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sprawa Puszczy Białowieskiej przed Trybunałem Sprawiedliwości Unii Europejskiej – uwagi z (odpowiedniej) perspektywy czasu
Autorzy:
Perkowski, Maciej
Zoń, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47426551.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Białowieża Forest
CJEU
Natura 2000
dispute
protection model
article 258 TFEU
State Forests
invaluable natural goods
Puszcza Białowieska
TSUE
spór
model ochrony
artykuł 258 TFUE
Lasy Państwowe
bezcenne dobra naturalne
Opis:
The judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 17 April 2018 in Case C-441/17 (failure of a Member State to fulfil obligations), brought by the European Commission against Poland, concerning “logging” in the Białowieża Forest, was widely reported in the media and on the scientific forum (naturally, also in the doctrine of international and European law). Analysing this decision and referring to the jurisprudence and achievements of the doctrine, commentators cautiously (but, in essence, not always correctly) indicated what decisions and actions constituted the basis of this dispute, which ultimately led to Poland’s defeat before the Court, considering the judgment an end to the case and, at the same time, the canon for the subject knowledge. It should be emphasised, however, that the judgment itself did not resolve the dispute as to which model of protection of the Białowieża Forest is appropriate. In particular, it has not contributed to determining whether the previous activities of the State Forests (although it proved them formally inconsistent with EU law) were beneficial (or harmful) to the protection of the Białowieża Forest stand. By emphasising the imperfection of the situation, the authors try to constructively draw from it conclusions de lege lata and de lege ferenda.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2021, 87; 412-428
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strefy ochronne wokół miejsc gniazdowania rzadkich gatunków ptaków - osobliwości regulacji prawnej na Ukrainie
Autorzy:
Levina, Galyna Mikolayvna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Fundacja Inicjatyw Akademickich
Tematy:
protected areas of birds’ breeding ground in Ukraine
protection of natural habitats of birds
selected and overall harvesting (logging, cutting)
forest cleaning and other forest care activities
strefy ochronne wokół miejsc gniazdowania ptaków na Ukrainie
ochrona przyrodniczych środowisk bytowania ptaków
rębnie złożone
rębnie zupełne
czyszczenie lasu oraz inne działania pielęgnacyjne
Opis:
The article deals with the changes in the legislation of Ukraine during 2016–2018, which have become the impetus for a new stage of development of legal regulation and practice of creation of protected areas around the breeding ground of wild birds, in particular, with the changes to the Sanitary Rules in forests of Ukraine, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 27 July 1995 no. 555 (in the wording of the Decree no. 756 of 26 October 2016), according to which since 11 november 2016, it is prohibited in Ukraine to implement measures to improve the sanitary state of forests (i.e. selective and continuous forest sanitation, elimination of clogging; prevention of the occurrence and spread of pests and diseases of the forest, combatting them, etc.) around the breeding ground of birds of prey from the Red Book of Ukraine (radius of 500 m), black stork (radius of 1,000 m), the lekking ground of gullers, black grouses (radius of 300 m). The decree of the Ministry of ecology and natural Resources of Ukraine no. 557 “On additional Measures for the Conservation of Rare and endangered Species of animals and Plants” of 29 December 2016, Decree of State agency of Forest Resources of Ukraine no. 17 “On additional Measures for the Protection of Wild animals and Plants Recorded in the Red Book of Ukraine” dated 20 January 2017, and separate local acts (of local councils, national natural parks, forestry enterprises, etc.) are also studied. The conclusions of the study on the peculiarities of the national legal regulation and the practice of creating such preservation zones, their legal regimes and recommendations for the improvement of legislation in this area are presented.
W artykule przeprowadzono analizę zmian w ustawodawstwie ukraińskim w latach 2016–2018, które doprowadziły do kolejnego etapu rozwoju regulacji prawnych i praktyki tworzenia stref ochronnych wokół miejsc gniazdowania dziko żyjących ptaków. Ponadto dokonano analizy rozporządzenia Rady Ministrów Ukrainy z dnia 27 lipca 1995 r. o przepisach sanitarnych w lasach Ukrainy (w brzmieniu obowiązującym od 26 października 2016 r.), według którego na Ukrainie od 11 listopada 2016 r. zabronione jest podejmowanie działań z zakresu poprawy stanu sanitarnego lasów (złożonych i zupełnych rębni, czyszczenia oraz innych działań pielęgnacyjnych lasu) wokół miejsc gniazdowania ptaków drapieżnych wpisanych do Czerwonej Księgi Ukrainy (w promieniu 500 m), bociana czarnego (w promieniu 1000 m), głuszców i cietrzewi (w promieniu 300 m). W artykule omówiono również zarządzenie Ministerstwa ekologii i Zasobów naturalnych Ukrainy z dnia 29 grudnia 2016 r. o dodatkowych środkach dotyczących ochrony rzadkich i zagrożonych gatunków zwierząt i roślin, zarządzenie Państwowej agencji Zasobów leśnych Ukrainy z dnia 20 stycznia 2017 r. o dodatkowych środkach ochrony gatunków flry i fauny wpisanych do Czerwonej Księgi Ukrainy oraz niektóre lokalne akty prawne (samorządowe, parków narodowych, gospodarstw leśnych). We wnioskach końcowych przedstawiono charakterystyczne cechy ukraińskiego prawodawstwa dotyczącego stref ochronnych oraz praktyki ich tworzenia, sformułowano również postulaty zmian w przedmiotwym zakresie.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawa Administracyjnego; 2018, 1
2545-2525
2657-8832
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawa Administracyjnego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Koszty działalności podstawowej w warunkach klęsk żywiołowych w Nadleśnictwie Węgierska Górka
The main costs of natural disasters in the Forest District of Wegierska Gorka
Autorzy:
Sikora, A.T.
Ukalska, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1312782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
nadlesnictwa
kleski zywiolowe
skutki ekonomiczne
gospodarka lesna
dzialalnosc podstawowa
koszty jednostkowe
analiza kosztow
Nadlesnictwo Wegierska Gorka
natural disasters
the core activity of Forest District
unit costs
the synthetic index of costs
Opis:
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of increased forest management due to natural disasters on particular core unit costs. We analysed the direct costs for the Forest District of Wêgierska Górka in the years 2004–2010 based on information from the State Forests Information System (SFIS) database compared with selected forest districts within the Regional Directorate of State Forests in Cracow (RDSF). The forest districts were divided into two groups with two and six forest districts and confidence intervals around the mean were determined and the significance of linear regressions of the considered characteristics was tested. Additionally, the growth rate (decrease) of the unit cost was calculated. Our studies showed that natural disasters affect only certain unit costs regardless of the intensity of the forest management. The increase in unit costs resulted in economic losses in forest management. A full long-term analysis of the economic impact of natural disasters should be done, taking into account the cost of reforestation of destroyed areas which may become apparent only some years later.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 3; 263-275
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza obrotu drewnem w Regionalnej Dyrekcji Lasów Państwowych w Olsztynie w latach 2009-2013
Analysis of timber trade in Regional Directorate of State Forests in Olsztyn in 2009-2013
Autorzy:
Bieniaszewski, T.
Artych, P.
Smoluk, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/791377.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Środowiskiem w Tucholi
Tematy:
RDLP Olsztyn
lata 2009-2013
drewno
obrot towarowy
sprzedaz
wartosc sprzedazy
pozyskiwanie drewna
warunki przyrodnicze
warunki ekonomiczne
surowce drzewne
Regional Directorate of State Forest in Olsztyn
2009-2013 period
wood
trade
sale
sale value
natural environment
logging
Opis:
Analiza 5- letniej (2009-2013) działalności RDLP Olsztyn wykazała, iż ta jednostka gospodarcza dobrze wykorzystuje bieżące uwarunkowania rynkowe. Lasy Warmii i Mazur to dziś zapas drewna około 140 mil m3 grubizny brutto o wysokim zapasie drewna na hektarze. Według danych WISL za lata 2009-2013 bieżący przyrost miąższości grubizny brutto na hektarze 28 (średnio dla 5-letniego okresu) wyniósł w lasach PGL LP 9, 25 m3/ha i rośnie. Wobec powyższego naturalnym się staje, iż w analizowanym okresie wzrosło pozyskanie drewna ogółem o 17% (tab. 3), osiągając wielkość 2 868 189 m3, co stawia tę jednostkę na wysokim miejscu w kraju z udziałem pozyskiwanego drewna w wysokości 8,4%. Uwarunkowania glebowe i klimatyczne obszaru działania tej RDLP sprawiają, iż uprawia się tu i pozyskuje sosnę, świerka, brzozę, dąb, olchę, osikę, grab, lipę, jodłę i jesion. Dominującą rolę odgrywa tu jednak sosna z 55% udziałem w pozyskaniu. Ważnym problemem, którego rozwiązanie jest istotne dla dalszego rozwoju hodowli drzew jest przebudowa drzewostanów, bardziej odpowiadających warunkom siedliskowym. Doceniając ważność zagadnienia na bieżący rok, przebudową drzewostanów objęte zostanie około 2500 hektarów gruntów leśnych. Analiza danych dotyczących wartości sprzedaży surowca drzewnego w RDLP Olsztyn w latach 2009-2013 wykazała, iż w tym okresie gospodarz terenu uzyskał wzrost przychodów o 40, 5% (tab. 6) . Średnia cena sprzedaży 1 m3 surowca drzewnego wynosiła 166, 6 zł i wzrosła o 27, 6 złotego i była ona wyższa o 19, 8% w stosunku do roku 2009. Należy jednak zaznaczyć, iż zarówno cena 1 m3 surowca drzewnego jak i wartość sprzedaży drewna w analizowanym okresie czasu podlegała fluktuacjom. W ostatnich 2 latach odnotowano znaczący 10% spadek ceny 1 m3 i w konsekwencji spadek wartości sprzedaży (tab. 6).
An analysis of the economic activity conducted by the Regional Directorate of State Forests (RDSF) in Olsztyn over a five-year period (2009-2013) revealed that RDSF properly responded to market trends. In the Region of Warmia and Mazury, the estimated standing timber volume (gross) is 140 million cubic meters, with high abundance of large timber per hectare. According to the report of the National Forest Inventory for 2009-2013, the gross increment in the growing stock in state-owned Polish forests managed by the National Forest Holding "State Forests" reached 9.25 m3/ha (five-year average) and it continues to increase. In the analyzed period, the total volume of harvested timber in the Region of Warmia and Mazury increased by 17% (Table 3), to 2 868 189 m3. RDSF in Olsztyn supplies 8.4% of the total timber harvest volumes in Poland, and it is ranked among the top timber suppliers. Due to the soil and climate conditions in the area administered by RDSF in Olsztyn, the predominant tree species grown for timber is the pine (55%), followed by the spruce, birch, oak, alder, aspen, hornbeam, lime, fir and ash. An important issue that needs to be addressed is stand reconstruction aimed at selecting tree species that are better suited to local habitat conditions. In 2013, a total estimated area under stand reconstruction was 2,500 hectares of forest land. The analysis of timber sales in 2009-2013 indicates that the income of RDSF in Olsztyn increased by 40. 5% over the analyzed period (Table 6). The average selling price of timber was PLN 166.6 per cubic meter, it increased by PLN 27.6 and was by 19.8% higher than in 2009. It should be noted that both the price of timber per cubic meter and the total timber sales volume fluctuated over the analyzed period. In the last two years, a 10% drop in the price of timber per cubic meter was observed, which resulted in a decrease in the total timber sales volume (Table 6).
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach; 2015, 09
2081-1438
2391-4106
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Ochroną Przyrody w Lasach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Budowa, struktura i dynamika górnoreglowych borów świerkowych o charakterze pierwotnym w dolinach Pańszczycy i Stawów Gąsienicowych (Tatrzański Park Narodowy) w okresie kontrolnym 1991 - 2002
The structure, composition and dynamics of subalpine primeval spruce forests in the Panszczyca Valley and the Stawy Gasienicowe Valley [in the Tatra National Park] during the control period 1991-2002
Autorzy:
Karczmarski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016108.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
dynamika drzewostanu
sklad gatunkowy
Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
drzewostany swierkowe
Dolina Panszczycy
lesnictwo
proces dorastania
struktura drzewostanu
zasobnosc drzewostanu
budowa drzewostanu
Dolina Gasienicowa
regiel gorny
proces ubywania
przyrost drzewostanu
stand structure
stand dynamics
natural development cycle
primeval forest
spruce
subalpine zone
poland
Opis:
The research presents changes (in the period of 1991−2002) in species composition, volume, dbh structure, height and storey structure, increment value, self−thinning rate and regeneration dynamics of the primeval−type spruce forests of the upper montane zone in the Pańszczyca Valley and the Stawy Gąsiennicowe Valley in the Tatra National Park on the example of three permanent experimental plots. The stands under study (as compared with other stands in the Polish Carpathians from the similar altitudinal zone, feature high productivity expressed by the current annual volume increment value of 4.1−4.5 cu.m./ha, diverse structure and composition depending on the represented stages and phases of stand development, as well as high stand stability.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 11; 41-59
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Żubrze eksponaty z lat 1811-1914 w europejskich kolekcjach naukowych - mało znany aspekt XIX-wiecznej gospodarki łowieckiej w Puszczy Białowieskiej
European bison specimens from 1811-1914 in European science collections - little known aspect of the 19th century game management in Białowieża Primeval Forest
Autorzy:
Samojlik, T.
Daszkiewicz, P.
Fedotova, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987196.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lowiectwo
historia
wiek XIX
Puszcza Bialowieska
gospodarka lowiecka
zubr
Bison bonasus
pozyskanie zwierzat
pozyskanie dla celow naukowych
pozyskanie dla celow muzealnych
pozyskanie lowieckie
pozwolenia na polowania
zbiory zoologiczne
zbiory muzealne
lata 1811-1914
european bison conservation
natural science history
białowieża primeval forest
game management
Opis:
The 19th century game management in Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF), especially hunts for European bison, have been a subject of several works. The aspect of hunts motivated by research and museum needs have not been described in detail yet. The paper attempts at describing the administrative process behind such hunts and collecting all records of bison hunted or captured and carcasses acquired in BPF for museums, natural collections and universities in 1811−1914 (period covered by manuscript sources and published historical works with data on bison hunts available). Based on available sources, we calculated that in the period in question a total of 153 bison were hunted during ‘recreational' hunts (by tsars, their families and exalted guests with special tsars' permissions) and 56 were shot for purposes of study and research – therefore 27% out of 209 hunts had research motivations. Furthermore, 72 bison were captured alive (for zoos, cross−breeding and taming experiments) and carcasses of 89 bison (plus another 9 of unknown origin) were sent to museums and universities all around Europe. We believe that this little known aspect of the 19th century game management in BPF has had a significant impact on informing the scientific world and especially the general public about the European bison species, which in turn could have contributed to successful, international collaboration after the extinction of the species in the wild in 1919.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 04; 341-352
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tempo i kierunki zmian składu gatunkowego drzewostanów naturalnych w wybranych zbiorowiskach leśnych Puszczy Białowieskiej
Rate and direction of changes in tree species composition of natural stands in selected forest associations in the Bialowieza Forest
Autorzy:
Paluch, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1313006.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Bialowieska
drzewostany naturalne
zbiorowiska lesne
sklad gatunkowy
bor swiezy brusznicowo-sosnowy
bor mieszany trzcinnikowo-swierkowy
grad miodownikowo-grabowy
grad typowy
grad trzcinnikowy
leg olszowo-jesionowy
zmiany skladu gatunkowego
podobienstwo skladu gatunkowego
stale powierzchnie obserwacyjne
hornbeam expansion
natural stands
permanent study plots
ash dieback
Białowieża forest
Opis:
The main aim of the study was to determine changes in the species composition and structure of natural tree stands in the Białowieża Forest (BF), which occurred in the years 1975-2012, as well as to evaluate their trends, directions and rate. The study was carried out on 121 permanent research plots (50×50m), which represented the most important forest phytocenoses in BF, i.e. fresh pine-whortleberry forest Vaccinio vitis-idaeae-Pinetum Sokoł. 1980, fresh mixed spruce-reed grass forest Calamagrostio-Piceetum Soko³. 1968, oligotrophic form of hornbeam - bastard balm forest Melitti-Carpinetum Soko³. 1976, different forms of linden- hornbeam forest: Tilio-Carpinetum Tracz. 1962, alder-ash forest Fraxino-Alnetum W. Mat. 1952 and sub-boreal spruce forest on bog moss Sphagno girgenshonii- Piceetum Polak. 1962. On the plots selected, there was measured the diameter at breast height (DBH) of all trees, as well as every tree and shrub up to 1.3 m high was counted and described with reference to species. The measurements and observations were regularly repeated every 10-15 years. The results showed that over the last period of nearly 40 years, there has increased a share of common hornbeam Carpinus betulus L. in the structure of forest stands in numerous BF associations. This tree species has expanded into different forest habitats including poor, medium fertile and wetland sites. The results obtained indicate a trend towards formation of linden-hornbeam forests in BF phytocenoses. The most evident changes were recorded in hornbeam - bastard balm forest. In natural conditions of the majority of forest associations analyzed, there prevailed hornbeam trees in forest regeneration, except for the stands in fresh mixed pine forest and spruce forest on bog moss. In the latter two cases, hornbeam showed signs of its presence in the last observation period. Norway spruce (Picea abies L.) retreated into oligotrophic forest associations. In the recent decades, spruce populations have been dramatically reduced in the stands in mixed coniferous and different kinds of broadleaved forests. There have also decreased a share of light-demanding tree species, such as Scots pine (Pinus silvestris L.), pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and silver birch (Betula pendula L.) in BF tree stands, including their regeneration-layer. Especially, Scots pine regeneration has not been successful. In the short period of time (about 15 years) there has been observed rapid and outsized reduction of ash Fraxinus excelsior L. populations in natural conditions of alder-ash forests. All through the last 10-15 years, there has been also observed increased rate of change in stand species composition. The trend and rate of change in stand species composition point out to a possibility of human intervention towards stimulation of natural regeneration so as to preserve valuable populations of threatened tree species in the Białowieża Forest.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2014, 75, 4; 385-406
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem masowego zamierania drzewostanów świerkowych w Leśnym Kompleksie Promocyjnym "Puszcza Białowieska"
Problem of a massive dying-off of Norway spruce stands in the 'Bialowieza Forest' Forest Promotional Complex
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Hilszczański, J.
Kowalski, T.
Łakomy, P.
Małek, S.
Miścicki, S.
Modrzyński, J.
Sowa, J.
Starzyk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
lesne kompleksy promocyjne
Lesny Kompleks Promocyjny Puszcza Bialowieska
drzewostany swierkowe
stan sanitarny
zagrozenia drzewostanow
szkodniki roslin
kornik drukarz
Ips typographus
dynamika populacji
gradacja
drewno martwe
grzyby patogeniczne
zagrozenie pozarowe
zamieranie lasow
norway spruce bark beetle infestation
białowieża forest
ecosystem stability
multifunctional forestry
natura 2000 plc200004
natural values
world heritage site
Opis:
The Białowieża Forest (BF) is in many respects an exceptional object, of a great importance for nature protection and forest management, at the international scale. The BF plays also a key role from the point of view of regional development and welfare of local community. In the last period, a big threat for multiple values of the BF has arisen, as a result of enormous bark beetle infestation, which started in 2012 and has killed 1.4 million m3 of spruce trees. In the paper, first, a brief overview of the general history of the BF and an account of long−term human impacts on its functioning and structure is provided. Next, the history of bark beetle infestations in the BF is analysed. It is shown that, in the period 1992−2007, the average volume of spruces killed by bark beetle amounted on average to 20,000 m3 of wood annually. During that period practically all dead trees were removed from the forest by means of salvation cuttings. Starting from 2008, more and more trees infested by European spruce bark beetle were left in the forest, in a result of a pressure exerted by environmental groups. In 2012, Minister of Environment decided to reduce the allowable cut, determined in forest management plans elaborated for the managed part of the BF, from 107,000 to 48,500 m3/year. This decision, along with several other regulations and restrictions, made in practice impossible to stop the development of a current bark beetle infestation, which started in 2011 and intensified during the next 6 years (solely in 2016 bark beetles killed 480,000 m3 of spruce trees). In the paper, the most important implications and consequences of the current situation are briefly summarized and discussed. A special attention is given to the problems concerning: 1) protection of Natura 2000 species and sites (endangered by bark beetle outbreak), 2) a negative influence of large amounts of spruce deadwood on forest soils, 3) threats caused by pathogenic fungi, 4) question of public safety, 5) fire hazard, and 6) economical dimension. The legal and socio−economical foundations of the functioning of Hajnówka, Browsk and Białowieża forest districts comprising the managed part of the BF, as well as their most important environmental and social consequences are discussed too. Among others, it is indicated that, under current conditions of the BF, human intervention plays a key role in maintaining stable and compositionally diverse woodland communities. Finally, several suggestions and recommendations are provided, aimed at, in the short term, breaking off the current bark beetle outbreak, and, in the long term, at maintaining a multifunctional character of the BF and its ability to provide all important ecosystem services on a sustainable basis.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 05; 373-386
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odnowienie naturalne drzew w Puszczy Białowieskiej
Natural regeneration of trees in the Bialowieza Forest
Autorzy:
Brzeziecki, B.
Andrzejczyk, T.
Żybura, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Puszcza Bialowieska
odnowienia naturalne
drzewa lesne
topola osika
Populus tremula
brzoza brodawkowata
Betula pendula
brzoza omszona
Betula pubescens
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
dab szypulkowy
Quercus robur
jesion wyniosly
Fraxinus excelsior
klon pospolity
Acer platanoides
wiaz gorski
Ulmus glabra
swierk pospolity
Picea abies
lipa drobnolistna
Tilia cordata
grab pospolity
proces dorastania
ekosystemy lesne
dynamika lasu
active approach
deer browsing
long−term study
multifunctional forest management
natural recruitment
nature conservation
silvicultural treatment
strict protection
tree competition
tree diversity
Opis:
Since several years already, a massive infestation of bark beetle has taken place in the Białowieża Forest, decimating a local Norway spruce population. In consequence, many open areas appeared, practically deprived of trees and other forest vegetation. The existence of such areas has a very negative impact on multiple values of the Białowieża Forest: natural, social, economical and landscape−aesthetic values. The local forest administration prepared a strategy aimed at active restoration of diverse woodland communities typical for the Białowieża Forest in all places, where bark beetle infestation wiped up the spruce stands. Those plans were criticized by representatives of the environmental organizations who blamed the foresters for transforming the Białowieża Forest into ‘plantation’ and claiming that such measures are inconsistent with the existing forest management and protection plan. The postulate of environmentalists is that the recovery of woodland communities should proceed completely naturally. Taking into account the above mentioned controversies, in this paper we examine the issue of natural regeneration in the Białowieża Forest in detail. In particular, we try to determine to which extent this method of forest reproduction enables re−establishment of compositionally diverse woodland communities, distinguished by a high level of biological diversity and able to provide a wide range of commodities and benefits important for today’s society. Based on an extensive literature review we show that a combination of different (abiotic and biotic) factors, influencing establishment and subsequent growth of seedlings and saplings in the Białowieża Forest has long been strongly unfavorable for many tree species. In this regard, one should particularly emphasize the negative role of large herbivores, especially red deer, which is present in the Białowieża Forest since the end of 19th century, when it became a private hunting ground for Russian tzars. The devastating effect of deer browsing on natural regeneration is a well−documented phenomenon and widely recognized problem in the forestry practice. The fencing of young forest generation against game pressure is an indispensable measure, needed to secure the continuous existence of several tree species (first of all those palatable and vulnerable to browsing). Very strong arguments for an active approach to the described problem delivers also a long−term study on natural forest dynamics conducted since 1936. It shows that under conditions of strict protection the regeneration capacity of the Białowieża tree species is very variable. These differences lead to the compositional simplification and impoverishment of many tree stands, with numerous negative consequences for local biodiversity. We underline that an active management strategy is a basic prerequisite for maintaining a diverse character of the Białowieża stands and their ability to provide all important ecosystem services on a sustainable basis. Such a strategy should include, beside of the phase of establishment, also the subsequent developmental stages of new forest generations. The general goal of such a strategy should be to secure a possibly high diversity of tree composition and to enable the development of tree species representing a full range of life−history strategies and playing different successional roles: from typical pioneer species, through intermediate, to climax species.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 11; 883-896
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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