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Tytuł:
Tożsamość nosiciela stereotypów etnicznych
THE IDENTITY OF A CARRIER OF ETHNIC STEREOTYPES
Autorzy:
Pisarkowa, Krystyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/611769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
multiculturalism
the concept of a nation
ethnic stereotype
Polish culture
Jewish culture
Celan
Chopin
Rubinstein
Reich-Ranicki
fatherland
wielokulturowość
koncepcja narodu
autostereotyp
stereotyp etniczny
kultura polska
kultura żydowska
ojczyzna
Opis:
Autostereotyp narodowy, inaczej niż stereotyp obcego, jest z zasady pozytywny. A rozszerzająca się wielojęzyczność i wielokulturowość społeczeństw współczesnych modyfikuje koncepcje narodu, jego rozwoju lub regresu, zakres ingerencji państwa i samą jego (autostereotypu) istotę „lingwistyczną”. Wielojęzyczność nosicieli stereotypu etnicznego wymaga wiedzy o kilku kulturach, np. w Polsce o polskiej i żydowskiej. Także polski był dla Żydów żyjących w Polsce językiem szkoły, zawodu i fascynującej ich kultury. Na przykład Rubinstein w anglojęzycznej autobiografii wyznał, że „kocha Polskę”, lekcje polskiego były „źródłem radości”, miał pozytywny stereotyp Polaka i Polki, Tatr i Górali – ale i bliski związek z kulturą żydowską. Celan, najwybitniejszy dla Niemców współczesny poeta niemieckojęzyczny, to typowa postać pogranicza, znawca-tłumacz tekstów rumuńskich, niemieckich, hebrajskich, rosyjskich, angielskich, francuskich; trójjęzyczny Reich-Ranicki identyfikuje się z kulturą niemiecką, choć jako Żyd zaznał prześladowań, zakazu studiów, deportacji, getta, a jako jedyny bagaż zabrał ze sobą język i znajomość kultury niemieckiej, i to z nią utożsamia „ojczyznę”. Akceptując niemieckość, „rozumie” i kocha Chopina jako „poetę muzycznego”, reprezentującego Polskę, jej wielką „lirykę”, poezję romantyczną i późniejszą. Po wojnie przybiera drugie nazwisko (słowiańskie), a na pytanie (Grassa), kim jest, powie: „Pół Polakiem, pół Niemcem i pełnym Żydem”. Ojczyznę, której mu brak, znajduje w sztuce. Od innych różni go samotność, zawdzięczana literaturze, która pozwala zająć postawę metajęzykową wobec rzeczywistości odbitej w jednym z języków naturalnych.
A national stereotype, contrary to the stereotype of a foreigner, is positive, while a spreading multilingual and multicultural nature of contemporary societies modifies the conception of a nation, its progress or regress, the interference of the state and the nation’s very essence in the linguistic sense. The multilingualism of the carriers of ethnic stereotypes requires knowledge of several cultures; e.g. in Poland these would be Polish and Jewish cultures. Por Polish Jews, the Polish language was the language of school, profession and a fascinating culture. Rubinstein, for example, claims in his autobiography that he loves Poland, that lessons of Polish were his joy, that he has a positive stereotype of a Polish man and woman, of the Tatras and Tatra-dwellers, but also that he had a close contact with Jewish culture. Celan, in turn, the most distinguished contemporary poet of the German language, is a typical representative of someone functioning in a borderland area, an expert on and translator of Romanian, German, Hebrew, Russian, English and French texts. Reich-Ranicki identifies himself with German culture, although as a Jew he experienced persecution, a ban on higher education, deportation and a stay in ghetto. AU he had was the German language and the knowledge of German culture: it is this culture that he considers his own. However, he also understands and loves Chopin as a „musical poet”, representing Poland, its great: lyricism, Romantic and later poetry. After the war, he assumes another name (a Slavic one) and answering Grass’s question concerning his identity, he answers: „A half-Pole, half-German and fully a Jew. The homeland he misses is found in art. He is distinguished from others by the loneliness he draws from literature, which allows one to take a metalinguistic stance on the reality reflected in one of the natural languages in which one operates.
Źródło:
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury; 2002, 14; 27-45
0860-8032
Pojawia się w:
Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przekraczanie granic kulturowych w epoce globalizmu. Niektóre ścieżki interakcyjne w Australii (przeł. Jan Kłos)
Crossing Cultural Borders in the Epoch of Globalism. Some Interactive Paths in Australia
Autorzy:
Smolicz, Jerzy J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1856506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
etniczność
globalizacja
wielokulturowość
tożsamość kulturowa
granica polityczna
granica kulturowa
ethnicity
globalisation
multiculturalism
cultural identity
political border
cultural border
Opis:
The paper analyses the problem of ethnicity with respect to globalising processes ongoing in contemporary societies. The author puts forward a thesis that there is an influence of global interculturalism that transcends national ties and crossing over cultural borders. The course of these phenomena is analysed within the context of the circumstances of the Australian state. A particular stress is laid on the issue of building a multicultural nation by the multiethnic society of Australia. This multicultural nation is a new value. At the same time the paper depicts achievements and failures in the multicultural policy assumed and carried out in this country.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2004, 32, 1; 33-47
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kiedy u "nich" staną kościoły. O doktrynach multikulturalizmu raz jeszcze
When "They" Will Allow Churches to Stay? Once More about Doctrines of Multiculturalism
Autorzy:
Woroniecka, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Multiculturalism
Opis:
The paper presents a synthesis of multiple topics and issues of problems of multiculturalism under conditions of globalization and European integration. The carrier of the term 'multiculturalism' is shortly reminded here, with its way from the vocabulary of political correctness to a theoretical term and a special key of interpreting changes in culture of Western world. There are two main contexts of using the notion 'multiculturalism': first, making the Other equal, Western culture tends to deprivation of itself; and second, it makes a therapy of itself in this way, reminding fundaments of the whole Western culture.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2005, 2 - Wielokulturowość w dobie globalizacji oraz integracji europejskiej; 171-185
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona wielokulturowości w uregulowaniach konstytucyjnych oraz w wybranych programach wspólnotowych Unii Europejskiej
Multiculturalism in Constitutional Regulations and in Selected Programmes of Protection of the European Union
Autorzy:
Woroniecki, Paweł Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567170.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Multiculturalism
European Union
Opis:
The aim of this article is presentation the problem of protection of multiculturalism in the European Union after its enlargement. There are two aspects of the issue: protection of cultural diversity within one community and within the space of the EU. The first part refers to the Polish and foreign regulations connected with the problem of protection of cultural pluralism. Special attention is paid to the rules of the Polish Constitution from 2nd April 1997 concerning to the liberty of conscience and religion. In addition, Austrian, German and French constitutional solutions referring to the liberty of religion are shortly presented. The second part of this article is presentation the EU programmes Culture 2000, MEDIA Plus and eContent. Analysis of these programmes shows that they promote the cultural diversity in Europe, which results from the cultural policy of the UE. In this context, it must be emphasized that article 151 part 4 of the consolidate version of the Treaty establishing the European Community states that the Community shall respect the diversity of its cultures. The EU programmes give the great opportunity to participate in the formation of the cultural policy of the EuropeanUnion. It is particularly important for Poland which should actively participate in these programmes. In conclusion, the author ascertains that the liberty of settling down in the EU inserts new norms and values into national cultures. Therefore, national minorities must have lawfully guaranteed the right to preserve their own religion, mother tongue and tradition. It must be stressed that this right is very well protected by Polish constitutional regulations. At the same time, the cultural policy of the European Union intends to encourage development of national cultures and promotion of inter-cultural dialogue. Consequently, one cannot agree with the statement that the process of integration of Europe will annihilate the cultural diversity in Europe. In particular, the entry of Poland to the European Union will not destroy Polish cultural identity. The EU s money will afford possibilities for quicker than ever development of Polish culture.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2005, 2 - Wielokulturowość w dobie globalizacji oraz integracji europejskiej; 101-123
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka multikulturalizmu i problemy mniejszości na Warmii i Mazurach
Politics of Multiculturalism and Problems of National Minorities in Warmia and Mazury
Autorzy:
Domagała, Bożena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Warmia and Mazury
National Minorities
Multiculturalism
Opis:
Author ties the long period of works on the Law of National Minorities in Poland with domination of Polish language society. In communities where minorities have at least 20 % inhabitants they are going to be given the right to use their native language in public sphere. The paper presents attitudes and opinions of Ukrainians themselves about the planned Law of National Minorities and works on it.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2005, 2 - Wielokulturowość w dobie globalizacji oraz integracji europejskiej; 73-100
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielokulturowość współczesnego społeczeństwa
Multiculturalism of Modern Society
Autorzy:
Vasyuta, Olha
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
Multiculturalism
Modern Society
Opis:
For the last decade there are characteristic two processes, which are mutually supplemented but directed on a miscellaneous: globalization process and the process of division, individualization. These processes play an important role not only in global economy, but also in everyday life. We collide with increasing amount of opinions, values, and methods of activity organizations. In a context of two complementary processes - globalization and division, the problems of cultures variety and identity are considered. The problem of mutual understanding and dialogue between the cultures becomes acuteness in modern conditions of development. In the society, where the problem of cultures variety is not just the academic problem, but requires decision in everyday life, becomes ripe a question: is that possible to consider non-European cultures equal to European? What are the criterions of an estimation of culture equivalence, by what parameters is it possible to estimate? Certainly the parameter of tolerance to the differences belongs to the strongest parameters, and we consider our culture mature, because it tolerantly concerns differences, but those representatives of our culture, that don't do that we consider as barbarians. The world is doomed for cultures variety which is a great gift for all of us. This term has a lot of measurements and forms of contacts between cultures, that that conducts to creation of absolutely new culture. Variety cultures pawn the tolerance first of all for variety-ethnic societies, so the possibility of dialogue, necessity of mutual trust creation, as a basis of global society creation. Only the joint activity makes some chances for the global problems resolving, and it is possible in borders of historical integration of Europe, including liquidation of division on "two Europe" - western and eastern.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2005, 2 - Wielokulturowość w dobie globalizacji oraz integracji europejskiej; 124-136
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Failure of British Multiculturalism: Lessons for Europe
Autorzy:
Fomina, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-12-29
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
multiculturalism
immigrant integration policies
future common European immigrant integra-
tion policy
diversity management
minority rights vs. individual rights
Opis:
This paper acknowledges the need for greater convergence of immigrant and ethnic minorities integration policies in Europe and critically examines the general conviction that Great Britain is the source of best practice in this policy area. The articles’ main thesis is that contrary to the commonly held view, Multiculturalism as an integration policy is not effective and adequate. This claim is supported by the three groups of arguments. First of all, Multiculturalist policies have led to ghettoisation of the society and ethnically-driven conflicts instead of integration. Moreover, such policies often violate basic principles of democracy and equality as well as abuse individual human rights in the name of the rights of cultural groups. Finally, multiculturalist approach is inadequate especially at the times of “super-diversity,” in other words, unprecedented inter- and intra-group diversification. In conclusion principles for the future common EU integration policy that can be derived from the British experience are suggested.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2006, 156, 4; 409-424
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
American Social “Reminders” of Citizenship after September 11, 2001: Nativisms and the Retractability of American Identity
Autorzy:
Fong, Jack
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138548.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-04-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Racism
Nativism
Multiculturalism
Ethnocracy
Ethnicity
Identity
Citizenship
Opis:
My discussion considers how crisis dramatically changes social relationships and interaction patterns within a multicultural context. Specifically, I note the inherent social asymmetry of multicultural configurations, thus rendering it vulnerable for the dominant ethnic/racial group, the ethnocracy, to exact symbolically and materialistically punitive measures against minorities during periods of national crisis. I situate my discussion of dramatically changed social interactions in the post- September 11, 2001 period, when the attacks on the World Trade Center towers triggered nativism against Arab Americans, or any group phenotypically similar to the construction of “Arab.” I note how this nativism is not new but is a historical and consistent articulation of the ethnocratic stratum that retracts the American identity and notions of citizenship away from minorities during times of national crisis. The discussion concludes with how American multiculturalism is still full of unresolved ethnic and racial symbolisms that hark back to nineteenth century attempts by the White power structure to idealize, culturally and phenotypically, the constitution of an “ideal” American.
Źródło:
Qualitative Sociology Review; 2008, 4, 1; 69-91
1733-8077
Pojawia się w:
Qualitative Sociology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Settling Down and Settlement Patterns Case study: Polish Migrants from the 1980s in Melbourne
Autorzy:
Leuner, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-02-05
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
settlement
costs of migration
experiences of migrants
multiculturalism
Opis:
The history of Australia and the cultural origins of its population are closely linked to the story of the migration of peoples from other continents. This paper includes an examination of opportunity and psychological costs of Polish migration to Melbourne (Australia) during the 1980s. Included are positive and negative experiences during the settlement process, as well as the outcomes and consequences of migration. Generally migrants have had a difficult time building a life for themselves in Australia due to a variety of reasons which will be discussed in this paper. The article also outlines Polish migrants opinions of multiculturalism in Australia.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2008, 160, 4; 417-430
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Beyond Multiculturalism: Recognition Through the Relational Reason
Autorzy:
Donati, Pierpaolo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-06-30
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
multiculturalism
cultural difference
relational sociology
human reason
recognition
Opis:
Multiculturalism is a term spreading in the West during the 1960s to indicate respect, tolerance and defence of cultural minorities. The idea of multiculturalism has become a collective imaginary (“all different, all equals”). It has generated a political ideology supporting an inclusive citizenship towards “different” cultures. After being adopted as official policy in many Countries, multiculturalism has generated more negative than positive effects (fragmenting the society, separating the minorities and fostering cultural relativism). As a political doctrine, it seems harder and harder to be put into practice. At its place, today we talk of interculturality. But this expression too seems quite vague and uncertain. This essay discusses on the possible alternatives to multiculturalism, asking itself whether the way of interculturality can be a solution or not. The Author’s thesis is that the theory of interculturality has the advantage to stress the inter, namely what lies in between different cultures. But it does not possess yet the conceptual and effective means to understand and handle the problems of the public sphere, when the different cultures express cultural values radically conflictual between them. The troubles of interculturality result from two lacks: an insufficient reflexivity inside the single cultures, and the lack of a relational interface between the different cultures (between the carrier subjects). Modern western Reason created a societal structure (lib-lab) promoting neither the first nor the second one. In fact, it neutralizes them, because it faces the dilemmas of values inside the cultural diversities through criteria of ethical indifference. Such criteria set reflexivity to zero, preventing individuals to understand the deepest reasons of the vital experience of the others. Reason is emptied of its meaning and of its understanding capability. To go over the failures of multiculturalism and the fragilities of interculturality, a lay approach to the coexistence of cultures is required, being able to give strength back to Reason, through new semantics of the inter-human diversity. The Author suggests the development of the “relational reason,” beyond the forms already known of rationality. To make Reason relational might be the best way to imagine a new social order of society, being able to humanize the globalizing processes and the growing migrations. The after-modern society would be more or less human, depending on how it will be able to widen the human Reason, structuring it inside a new “relational unit” with the religious faith.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2009, 166, 2; 147-178
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Postawy Polaków wobec pracy a mniejszości na polskim rynku pracy
Autorzy:
Lubecka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/639399.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
job market, minorities, economic discrimination, multiculturalism, intangible capital.
Opis:
The aim of the present article is to discuss the change in the attitudes of Poles to work after 1989 and its influence on the situation of minorities on the Polish job market. The materialistic orientation of most Poles combined with a growing thread of unemployment result in an emergence of an economic intolerance and discrimination against strangers, members of such minorities as ethnic, gender, age, physical and mental disability, sexual orientation groups and even Polish re-emigrants form Russia (cf. the concept of the glass ceiling (women) and of the glass box (the Roma) who can compete for jobs. Consequently, despite the fact that the Polish legal system guarantee an equal right to work to all Polish citizens, it impossible to treat multiculturalism as an authentic value and an asset to build Puttman’s bridging capital, Bourdieu’s symbolic capital and the intangibles, which as new forms of human capital decide about the social welfare today.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne; 2009, 1 (5)
2084-3968
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Śląsk: wielokulturowość czy kulturowe zróżnicowanie?
Silesia: Multiculturalism or Cultural Differentiation
Autorzy:
Śliz, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2137932.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
multiculturalism
cultural diversity
nation and ethnic minorities
wielokulturowość
zróżnicowanie kulturowe
mniejszości narodowe i etniczne
Opis:
The multiculturalism of Upper Silesia has been influenced by the combination of three cultures: Polish, German, and Czech. It is also important to note the influence from the Jews and the Roma which enriched the region's culture. Contemporary multiculturalism of Silesia stems from the rule of the Silesian Piasts, when colonization led to increase of German settlements in urban and rural Silesia. The multiculturalism of this region gradually changed from the times of socialism to become what today is known as contemporary multiculturalism. Today multiculturalism continues to flourish through the institutionalized organizations of ethnic minorities that uphold their cultural traditions. The multiculturalism of Silesia has always remained an integral part of this region and the cultural identity of its inhabitants.
Wielokulturowość Górnego Śląska to nade wszystko mniejszości narodowe i etniczne, tworzące kulturowo zróżnicowany pejzaż regionu. Fakt górnośląskiej wielokulturowości jest wynikiem długiego trwania regionu pogranicza, który kształtował się zasadniczo pod wpływem trzech kultur: polskiej, niemieckiej i czeskiej. Należy również pamiętać o wpływach żydowskich, uzupełnianych dzisiaj wpływami kultury romskiej. Współczesna wielokulturowość śląska sięga swoimi korzeniami czasów Piastów śląskich, kiedy proces kolonizacji zwiększył liczbę ludności niemieckiej w miastach i na wsi. Losy śląskiej wielokulturowości silnie splatały się z historią regionu, przechodząc od kulturowego zróżnicowania okresu realnego socjalizmu do współczesnej wielokulturowości, która przejawia się między innymi poprzez zinstytucjonalizowaną działalność mniejszości narodowych i etnicznych. Jest równocześnie faktem, że wielokulturowość w każdym momencie dziejów Górnego Śląska pozostawała ważnym elementem kształtującym regionalną świadomość mieszkańców.
Źródło:
Studia Socjologiczne; 2009, 4(195); 149-166
0039-3371
Pojawia się w:
Studia Socjologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Boshnjaks. In other words: Jihad vs. McWorld and other theories...
Autorzy:
Pilarska, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628835.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
the Balkans, Bosnia, Islam in Europe, Islamicization, cultural identity, multiculturalism, Yugoslavia, Muslims
Opis:
The Ottoman invasion of the Balkans that began in the 14th century led to an imbalance in the process of self-identification among the Bosnian people, having crucial influence on the process of establishing their sense of belonging, identification and national awareness. It particularly influenced the process of conceptualizing the cultural identity of Boshnjaks, whose ancestors converted to Islam and changed the ethnic and religious landscape of Balkans to a large extent. The author focuses on the political and social factors determining the shape of Bosnian identity, its origin and historical circumstances which influenced not only identification processes but also the course of the conflict in the Balkans between 1992 and 1995. This paper also provides data on many controversial facts regarding influences of Islamic radicals on Bosnian society before and after the fall of Yugoslavia. On the basis of social and historical analysis the author indicates that contemporary theories on cultural origin of conflicts, reduced to the dichotomy Jihad vs. McWorld are not applicable in the case of the unique, multicultural identity of Bosnian Muslims.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2010, 1, 2; 67-77
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Immigration Policy Debates and their Significance for Multiculturalism in Britain
Autorzy:
Fomina, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929602.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-03-22
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Socjologiczne
Tematy:
multiculturalism
immigration
racialisation
race
race relations
citizenship
European integration
Opis:
Much attention has been paid to British multiculturalism as a good policy response to cultural diversity. However, multiculturalist policies did not develop in a vacuum, and so their formulation and development and ambiguities that accompany them cannot be understood without an excursion into history of decolonisation and immigration policy in Britain. The aim of this article is to provide such a historical background. I will focus on four debates related to immigration: the passage from an empire to a nation state; citizenship and belonging; racialisation of the immigration debate; and the impact of EU integration. Britain’s farewell to its empire was never a single, decided move, but rather a gradual, often unwelcome process. For decades the issues of citizenship and belonging were unresolved, as a result, a coherent and fair immigration policy could not be formulated. The fact that political, economic and social rights were bound to subjecthood and not to national citizenship put the Commonwealth immigrants in a special position. On the one hand, it empowered them, in comparison to immigrants in other countries, Commonwealth immigrants were already granted these rights, at least formally, and the struggle for equality was focused on the execution of already existing rights. Despite the fact that all Commonwealth citizens had an equal status, not all of them were equally desired as immigrants. The debates on immigration became de facto debates on whether Britain had to be a land of white people only or it not. As a consequence, the main challenge of immigrant incorporation became understood as establishing good “race relations.” Euroscepticism and self-righteousness in the area of immigrant incorporation have mutually reinforced themselves in Britain. The academia helped to create a specific language to frame the discussions and policy solutions, making the British approach even more idiosyncratic, different from other modes of incorporation of immigrants. At the same time, this sense of being different does not prevent British politicians, policy-makers, activists and scientists from promoting the British multiculturalist approach as “the best practice” in managing diversity.
Źródło:
Polish Sociological Review; 2010, 169, 1; 57-86
1231-1413
2657-4276
Pojawia się w:
Polish Sociological Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Między komparatystyką literacką a kulturową
Between literary and cultural comparative studies
Autorzy:
Zawadzki, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969139.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
literature
comparative studies
national literature
cultural research
multiculturalism
transculturalism
Opis:
Between literary and cultural comparative studies The article constitutes an attempt to present in a synthetic way the main assumptions behind the fundamental trends in the comparative studies of the 19th and 20th centuries, as well as their evolution. Following the predominance of the influential model which had developed since the middle of the 19th century and focused chiefly on the genetic research of literary affiliations, and which had assumed the existence of a national literature as an organic entity, since the sixties of the 20th century, there arises a new perspective in comparative studies, where the fundamental role is played by thematic and structural categories (motif, concept, topic, genre, current etc.). The nineties of the 20th century bring yet another attempt to reformulate the methods of comparative studies and to abandon focusing on literary studies, in favor of cultural research in comparative studies, where the fundamental role is played, among others, by issues such as the concept of power, gender, race and also review and multi-, inter- and transculturalism
Źródło:
Wielogłos; 2010, 1, 7-8; 39-53
2084-395X
Pojawia się w:
Wielogłos
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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