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Wyszukujesz frazę "monetary evaluation" wg kryterium: Temat

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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Life cycle cost assessment and economic analysis of a decentralized wastewater treatment to achieve water sustainability within the framework of circular economy
    Autorzy:
    López-Serrano, María J.
    Lakho, Fida Hussain
    Van Hulle, Stijn W. H.
    Batlles-delaFuente, Ana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/19322748.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    wastewater
    economic analysis
    LCCA
    Sustainable Development Goals
    monetary evaluation
    Opis:
    Research background: The increasing water demand together with an unceasing production of wastewater worldwide has resulted in a situation where the scarcity and pollution of water resources are jeopardizing and depleting such a vital asset. Purpose of the article: In this context, Nature Based Solutions (NBS) such as Vertical Flow Constructed Wetlands (VFCWs) are key because of their capacity of channelling a waste into a resource. However, and notwithstanding their essential role, their financial benefits too often go unnoticed because of missing research that study them from an economic perspective and this article has covered this existing gap. The objective of this research is to analyse the economic consequences of using VFCW against its traditional alternative through a comprehensive economic assessment. Methods: After doing a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), a combination of two approaches has been carried out. This research has developed a holistic approach where a Life Cycle Cost Assessment (LCCA) based on a Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) along with an economic evaluation of cleaning environmental costs have been calculated for two different scenarios. For this monetary analysis, the environmental externalities derived from the use of cleaning the pollution caused by a public water supply and sewerage system and the VFCW have been quantified. Findings & value added: Results conclude that VFCW apart of being a cost-effective and profitable alternative for an investor, it has also valuable benefits for the society in general because of its meaningful and positive externalities and the high removal cost of the environmental pollutants of the traditional water supply and sewage system both contributing directly to the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Furthermore, 4/5 environmental impacts derived from the use of traditional alternative pollute more than twice as much as the VFCW does. Lastly, the cleaning costs difference between both alternatives is 1,984,335€.
    Źródło:
    Oeconomia Copernicana; 2023, 14, 1; 103-133
    2083-1277
    Pojawia się w:
    Oeconomia Copernicana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Calculation and justification of land tax and rent for the land used for the parking of vehicles on public lands
    Autorzy:
    Malashevskyi, M.
    Kuzin, N.
    Sidorenko, V.
    Palamar, A.
    Malanchuk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/145450.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    parking
    transport miejski
    komunikacja miejska
    normative monetary evaluation
    taxation
    public land
    Opis:
    Activities related to parking of transport, today have become widespread. While parking taxes for vehicles are one of the most important sources of local budgets in countries with established traditions of local government. The tax for parking spaces for vehicles is a relatively new collection in the tax system of Ukraine, which is due to the recent reform in tax legislation. Therefore, the scientific coverage of this subject is currently insufficiently investigated. In the article typical permissive documents are considered when decorating parking lots, and dependence that contradicts the current land legislation affects local revenues to the budget is established. The discrepancy between the general approaches of payment for land is established. For comparison, the approach of parking taxation, for which there is no land management documentation, and the main reason is the permission from the public enterprise for the maintenance of green spaces is considered. The analysis of the current state of the transport scheme of the city shows that in conditions of growth of elaborate road schemes and with insufficient rates of increase in its capacity to contain traffic growth it is advisable to increase the carrying capacity of transport lines and the development of mass passenger transport in cities with a planned increase in average capacity of rolling stock. Also, using traffic management is necessary to ensure that special conditions for the passage of the public transport network.
    Źródło:
    Geodesy and Cartography; 2018, 67, 1; 87-97
    2080-6736
    2300-2581
    Pojawia się w:
    Geodesy and Cartography
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Studying the ways of effective taxation of objects of underground commercial space
    Autorzy:
    Malashevskyi, M.
    Kuzin, N.
    Sidorenko, V.
    Palamar, A.
    Malanchuk, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/145561.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    nieruchomość
    przestrzeń handlowa
    rejestracja katastralna
    normative monetary evaluation
    underground commercial space
    taxation
    cadastral registration
    real estate
    Opis:
    In this article, the classification of underground space types is analyzed. It is established that there are objects that are taxed in the tax code of Ukraine and there are those that are not taxed. The results of the research are justified by the lack of mechanisms and technical solutions of three-dimensional objects of commercial space taxation, which have been intensively developing in Ukraine. The ways of solving legal conflicts regarding registration and taxation of real estate objects are suggested. Based on the study of the legislative base and normative legal documents in the sphere of land relations, a classifier of three-dimensional space objects, which today are fully or partially used for commercial purposes in various types of economic activity has been proposed. The analysis of the regulatory and legal framework regarding the taxation of underground space facilities has been carried out. Objects for which the taxation of land is charged and those objects for which there is no charge for the use of underground space have been identified. A methodology for the justified calculation of a decreasing percentage ratio for calculating a normative monetary evaluation (NME) is developed for the cases where the object of an underground commercial space is located at a distance from the center in one of the proposed zones.
    Źródło:
    Geodesy and Cartography; 2018, 67, 1; 71-85
    2080-6736
    2300-2581
    Pojawia się w:
    Geodesy and Cartography
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Public policymaking and its analysis at National and European Levels
    Tworzenie i analiza polityki publicznej na szczeblu narodowym i europejskim
    Autorzy:
    Majone, Giandomenico
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1185227.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-06-01
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    public policy
    policy analysis
    policy evaluation
    monetary union
    European integration
    polityka publiczna
    analiza polityki publicznej
    ewaluacja
    unia monetarna
    integracja europejska
    Opis:
    The author describes the specific features of public policy process at the European Union level and its differences related to policy-making at national level. He underlines, among other things that the policy agenda in the European Union is being shaped differently. At the national level the agenda is under greater influence of politicians who are closely interconnected with voters. At the European Union level the technocratic (not directly elected) European Commission has a monopoly of legislative initiative. Furthermore, at the European level feasibility studies - as an element of the pre-decision stage in public policy-making - tend to be ignored. In nation-states we can see such analyses as a result of competition taking place between those who rule and their political opposition. At the European Union level it is not the case. The author points out that these mechanisms would have been beneficial for the EU member states. They would have halted the implementation of decisions which ran the excessive risk. He has also in mind the decision related to the introduction of the monetary union. In his opinion, this decision was made without a proper feasibility analysis (costs and profits). Basically, the decision on a common currency was made on political rather than substantive grounds. A large number of experts were against the idea as they perceived serious risks involved in it. The supporters of greater European integration ignored the fact that the monetary union deprived nation-states of many factors that affected the economic development in a positive way. The point is that they were under influence of "total optimism" expecting only good results of the monetary union. The mechanisms of crisis management, including exit scenario from the monetary union, or methods of supporting those members who need financial aid, have not been even created. Furthermore, the evaluation of the monetary union was not properly carried out as it was based on the assessment of the process (for example, smooth introduction of euro notes and coins or phasing out of the national currencies in 2002) and not of its results.
    Autor wskazuje na specyfikę sposobu tworzenia polityki publicznej na poziomie Unii Europejskiej w porównaniu ze sposobem tworzenia polityki na poziomie krajowym. Podkreśla m.in. to, że w UE inaczej kształtowana jest agenda polityki. Na poziomie krajowym w większym stopniu kształtują ją politycy pozostający w bliskiej relacji z wyborcami. Na poziomie europejskim kształtuje ją Komisja Europejska, która posiada wyłączne prawo do inicjatywy ustawodawczej w UE i jest instytucją technokratyczną (nie pochodzi z bezpośrednich wyborów). Ponadto na poziomie europejskim analiza wykonalności polityki publicznej bywa ignorowana (na etapie przed decyzyjnym). W państwach narodowych takie analizy są realizowane z uwagi na istnienie mechanizmów konkurencji między rządzącymi i opozycją. W strukturach UE nie ma takich mechanizmów. Jednocześnie autor wskazuje, że taka analiza mogłaby zapewnić Unii Europejskiej korzyści. Blokowałaby wprowadzanie w życie decyzji obarczonych nadmiernym ryzykiem. Ma tu na myśli również decyzję o wprowadzeniu unii monetarnej. Jego zdaniem, zapadła ona bez właściwej analizy wykonalności takiego przedsięwzięcia. Decyzję o wprowadzeniu wspólnej waluty podjęto z uwagi na czynniki polityczne, a nie merytoryczne. Znaczna część ekspertów była przeciwna temu, wskazując na istotne ryzyko. Zwolennicy daleko posuniętej integracji gospodarczej w UE nie uwzględnili faktu, że integracja monetarna pozbawia państwa czynników, które mają pozytywny wpływ na rozwój gospodarczy. Jednak w gronach politycznych panował klimat "totalnego optymizmu" w odniesieniu do rezultatów unii monetarnej. Nie uwzględniano nawet scenariusza negatywnego. Nie stworzono mechanizmów zarządzania kryzysowego, w tym mechanizmów opuszczenia unii, sposobów wsparcia członków, którzy nie radzą sobie z członkostwem. Ponadto w niewłaściwy sposób dokonywano ewaluacji skutków unii monetarnej. Robiono to na podstawie osiągnięć technicznych (oceniano proces, a nie jego rezultat), jak sprawne wprowadzenie banknotów i monet euro, a także wycofanie walut krajowych w roku 2002.
    Źródło:
    Studia z Polityki Publicznej; 2015, 2, 2(6); 9-40
    2391-6389
    2719-7131
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia z Polityki Publicznej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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