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Wyszukujesz frazę "models of competition" wg kryterium: Temat

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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    The importance of competition and enterprise competitiveness
    Autorzy:
    Zelga, Kamila
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1179732.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Competition
    competitive advantage
    enterprise competitiveness
    market
    models of competition
    resources
    the types of competitive
    Opis:
    Competitive company has the ability and flexibility to adapt to changing conditions and make decisions that will provide him a competitive advantage. The aim of this article is thus to present the issues of competition and the competitiveness of enterprises.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2017, 72; 301-306
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in the Party System in the Context of Deconsolidation of Democracy in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Wojtasik, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1991343.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    Polish party system
    Polish political parties
    functions of political parties
    models of competition at the cabinet level
    voting behaviors in Poland
    Opis:
    The party system and the parties within it were ones of the relevant elements of system transformation in Poland. We can identify several significant determinants of the process with regard to this area. The first of them is formal standards and their influence on the course of political competition. The second is the functions attributed to political parties in the political and party system. The third one is connected with the significance of social structure’s specificity and its influence on voting behaviors. The fourth determinant is the models of competition at the cabinet level. The paper presents these four determinants of development of political parties and the party system in Poland in the perspective of democratization processes.
    Źródło:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2020, 1 (49); 55-66
    0208-7375
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Political Science Yearbook
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Influence of Economic Theories and Schools on Competition Law in terms of Vertical Agreements
    Autorzy:
    Jurczyk, Zbigniew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530261.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    economization of competition law
    vertical agreements
    economic efficiency
    competition policy models and schools
    Opis:
    The paper aims at showing the influence and the views espoused by economic theories and schools of economics on competition policy embedded in antitrust law and conducted by competition authorities in the field of vertical agreements. The scope of the paper demonstrates how substantially the economization of antitrust law has changed the assessment as to the harmfulness of vertical agreements. The analysis of economic aspects of vertical agreements in antitrust analysis allows one to reveal their pro-competitive effects and benefits, with the consumer being their beneficiary. The basic instrument of the said economization is that antitrust bodies draw on specific economic models and theories that can be employed in their practice. Within the scope of the paper, the author synthesizes the role and influence of those models and schools of economics on the application of competition law in the context of vertical agreements. In presenting, one after another, the theories and schools of economics which used to, or are still dealing with competition policy the author emphasises that in its nature this impact was more or less direct. Some of them remain at the level of general principals and axiology of competition policy, while others, in contrast, delineate concrete evaluation criteria and show how the application of those criteria changes the picture of anti-competitive practices; in other words, why vertical agreements, which in the past used to be considered to restrain competition, are no longer perceived as such. The paper presents the models and recommendations of neoclassical economics, the Harvard School, the Chicago and Post-Chicago School, the ordoliberal school, the Austrian and neo-Austrian school as well as the transaction cost theory
    L’article vise à montrer l’influence et les vues véhiculées par les théories économiques et les écoles d’économie sur la politique de la concurrence inscrite dans le droit de la concurrence et menée par les autorités de la concurrence dans le domaine des accords verticaux. La portée de l’article montre que l’économie du droit de la concurrence a considérablement modifié l’évaluation de la nocivité des accords verticaux. L’analyse des aspects économiques des accords verticaux dans l’analyse antitrust permet de révéler leurs effets et avantages pro concurrentiels, ayant le consommateur comme leur bénéficiaire. L’instrument de base de ladite économisation est que les organismes antitrust font appel à des modèles économiques spécifiques et des théories qui peuvent être utilisés dans leur pratique. Dans le cadre de cet article, l’auteur résume le rôle et l’influence de ces modèles et de ces écoles d’économie sur l’application du droit de la concurrence dans le contexte d’accords verticaux. En présentant, l’un après l’autre, les théories et les écoles de l’économie qui étaient ou sont encore aux prises avec la politique de la concurrence, l’auteur souligne que cet impact était plus ou moins directe. Certains d’entre eux restent au niveau des principes généraux et de l’axiologie de la politique de concurrence, tandis que d’autres, au contraire, définissent des critères d’évaluation concrets et montrent comment leur application modifie le tableau des pratiques anticoncurrentielles; en d’autres termes, l’article évalue pourquoi les accords verticaux, qui dans le passé étaient considérées restreindre la concurrence, ne sont plus perçus comme tels. L’article présente les modèles et les recommandations de l’économie néoclassique, de la Harvard School, de la Chicago and Post-Chicago School, de l’école ordinaire, de l’école autrichienne et néo-autrichienne, ainsi que de la théorie des coûts de transaction.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2018, 11(18); 153-180
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Relations of granular worlds
    Autorzy:
    Pedrycz, W.
    Vukovich, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/908015.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
    Tematy:
    elektrotechnika
    granular computing
    clustering
    models of collaborative computing
    fuzzy models
    collaboration and competition
    FCM
    granular modeling
    Opis:
    In this study, we are concerned with a two-objective development of information granules completed on a basis of numeric data. The first goal of this design concerns revealing and representing a structure in a data set. As such it is very much oriented towards coping with the underlying relational aspects of the experimental data. The second goal deals with a formation of a mapping between information granules constructed in two spaces (thus it concentrates on the directional aspect of information granulation). The quality of the mapping is directly affected by the information granules over which it operates, so in essence we are interested in the granules that not only reflect the data but also contribute to the performance of such a mapping. The optimization of information granules is realized through a collaboration occurring at the level of the data and the mapping between the data sets. The operational facet of the problem is cast in the realm of fuzzy clustering. As the standard techniques of fuzzy clustering (including a well-known approach of FCM) are aimed exclusively at the first objective identified above, we augment them in order to accomplish sound mapping properties between the granules. This leads to a generalized version of the FCM (and any other clustering technique for this matter). We propose a generalized version of the objective function that includes an additional collaboration component to make the formed information granules in rapport with the mapping requirements (that comes with a directional component captured by the information granules). The additive form of the objective function with a modifiable component of collaborative activities makes it possible to express a suitable level of collaboration and to avoid a phenomenon of potential competition in the case of incompatible structures and the associated mapping. The logic-based type of the mapping (that invokes the use of fuzzy relational equations) comes ...
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2002, 12, 3; 347-357
    1641-876X
    2083-8492
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Competition Enforcement Models in the Western Balkans Countries – The Rule of Law Still Terra Incognita?
    Autorzy:
    Marković-Bajalović, Dijana
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159030.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-18
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
    Tematy:
    competition enforcement models
    the administrative model of
    competition enforcement
    Directive 2019/1
    stabilisation and association agreement
    Western Balkan countries
    the rule of law
    Opis:
    The administrative model of competition law enforcement is the prevailing model in the EU Member States. Although Member States are free to choose between the administrative and the judicial model or their combination, many of them opted for the administrative model taking the EU model as an example. The same is valid for the candidate and potential candidate states of Western Balkans. The new Directive 2019/1 deals with the issue of safeguarding the fundamental rights in competition proceedings in general terms only, while stabilisation and association agreements lay down the rule of law as a fundamental principle, but do not say much regarding the features of the competition enforcement model. Candidate countries did not consider the rule of law requirements when designing their competition enforcement models. Competition authorities combine investigative and decision-making powers, preventing them from impartial decision-making. Rules on the appointment, that is, election of members of decision-making bodies, and the limited term of office, made competition authorities susceptible to political influence. Administrative courts are in charge of disputes initiated against decisions of competition authorities in the second instance. Limitations on applying full jurisdiction proceedings, and the modest expertise of administrative law judges in competition law, prevent courts from dealing with the merits of competition cases. Hence, effective judicial control of decisions of competition authorities is missing. The European Commission should monitor the observance of fundamental legal principles in competition law enforcement when assessing the readiness of candidate states to join the EU.
    Le modèle administratif d’application du droit de la concurrence est le modèle qui prévaut dans les États membres de l’UE. Bien que les États membres puissant choisir entre le modèle administratif et le modèle judiciaire ou leur combinaison, nombreux sont ceux qui ont opté pour le modèle administratif en prenant le modèle de l’UE comme modèle. La même remarque vaut pour les pays candidats des Balkans occidentaux. La directive 2019/1 traite la question de la sauvegarde des droits fondamentaux dans les procédures de concurrence en termes généraux seulement, tandis que les accords de stabilisation et d’association posent l’État de droit comme principe fondamental, sans toutefois en préciser les caractéristiques du modèle d’application des règles de concurrence. Les pays candidats n’ont pas tenu compte des exigences de l’État de droit lors de la conception de leurs modèles d’application des règles de concurrence. Les autorités de concurrence combinent des pouvoirs d’enquête et de décision, les empêchant ainsi de prendre des decisions impartiales. Les règles de nomination, c’est-à-dire de l’élection des membres des organes de décision, et la durée limitée du mandat, ont rendu les autorités de la concurrence sensibles à l’influence politique. Les tribunaux administratifs sont en charge des procédures engagées contre les décisions des autorités de la concurrence en deuxième instance. Les limites imposées à l’application des procédures de pleine juridiction et la modeste expertise des juges administratifs en matière de droit de la concurrence ne permettent pas aux tribunaux de traiter au fond les affaires de concurrence. Il manque donc un contrôle juridictionnel efficace des décisions des autorités de concurrence. En conclusion, la Commission européenne devrait vérifier le respect des principes juridiques fondamentaux en matière d’application du droit de la concurrence lorsqu’elle évalue l’état de préparation des pays candidats à l’adhésion à l’UE.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2020, 13, 22; 27-66
    1689-9024
    2545-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ konkurencji na rynku produktów na tempo wzrostu gospodarczego w krajach z różnymi modelami kapitalizmu
    The impact of product market competition on economic growth in the countries with different models of capitalism
    Autorzy:
    Próchniak, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/587958.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
    Tematy:
    Konkurencja na rynku produktów
    Modele (odmiany) kapitalizmu
    Wzrost gospodarczy
    Economic growth
    Models (varieties) of capitalism
    Product market competition
    Opis:
    Artykuł przedstawia analizę wpływu konkurencji na rynku produktów na tempo wzrostu gospodarczego w 19 krajach UE w latach 2001-2015. Równania regresji oszacowano przy użyciu systemowego estymatora uogólnionej metody momentów Blundella i Bonda na danych panelowych uśrednionych do 5-letnich okresów. Oceniono także wpływ wielkości państwa oraz modelu kapitalizmu na dynamikę dochodu. Wyniki sugerują m.in., że uwarunkowania instytucjonalne charakteryzujące się małym zakresem regulacji rynku produktów i teoretycznie sprzyjające konkurencji nie przyczyniają się do przyspieszenia tempa wzrostu gospodarczego.
    The article presents an analysis of the impact of product market competition on economic growth in 19 EU countries in 2001-2015. Regression equations are estimated using the Blundell and Bond’s GMM system estimator for panel data averaged into 5-year periods. The impact of both the size of government and the model of capitalism on income dynamics is also assessed. The results suggest, among others, that institutional environment characterized by a small scope of product market regulations and theoretically greater competition does not necessarily contribute to the acceleration of economic growth.
    Źródło:
    Studia Ekonomiczne; 2017, 311; 83-93
    2083-8611
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Ekonomiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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