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Tytuł:
Some Remarks on the Mind-Brain Identity Theory
Autorzy:
Pabjan, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29552046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Mind
brain
theory of identity
Opis:
The issue of the relation between the mind and the brain is known as one of the most discussed problem of the philosophy of mind. The recent development of neuroscience contributed significantly to animate the discussion on this subject. This article is one voice in this discussion. It contains a critical analysis of some arguments in favor of the theory which claims that the mind is identical to the brain. Moreso, it is argued, that the observed correlations between physical and mental events cannot be treated as a proof that there is no difference between the mind and the brain.
Źródło:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2023, 13, 1; 83-96
2391-6559
2083-8018
Pojawia się w:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Turing’s Wager?
Autorzy:
Copeland, B. Jack
Proudfoot, Diane
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31233733.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii PAN
Tematy:
Alan Turing
Turing’s Wager
mechanized encryption
laws of behaviour
unspecifiability of the mind
brain modelling
whole-brain simulation
cipher machines
Enigma
fish
Tunny
early computer-based cryptography
Opis:
We examine Turing’s intriguing claim, made in the philosophy journal Mind, that he had created a short computer program of such a nature that it would be impossible “to discover by observation sufficient about it to predict its future behaviour, and this within a reasonable time, say a thousand years” (Turing, 1950, p. 457). A program like this would naturally have cryptographic applications, and we explore how the program would most likely have functioned. Importantly, a myth has recently grown up around this program of Turing’s, namely that it can be used as the basis of an argument—and was so used by Turing—to support the conclusion that it is impossible to infer a detailed mathematical description of the human brain within a practicable timescale. This alleged argument of Turing’s has been dubbed “Turing’s Wager” (Thwaites, Soltan, Wieser, Nimmo-Smith, 2017, p. 3) We demonstrate that this argument—in fact nowhere to be found in Turing’s work—is worthless, since it commits a glaring logical fallacy. “Turing’s Wager” gives no grounds for pessimism about the prospects for understanding and simulating the human brain.
Źródło:
Filozofia i Nauka; 2023, 11; 23-36
2300-4711
2545-1936
Pojawia się w:
Filozofia i Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zachęta do ostrożności
Prompting for caution
Autorzy:
Szczęch, Damian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
consciousness
philosophy of mind
identity
artificial intelligence
brain emulation
transhumanism
świadomość
filozofia umysłu
tożsamość
sztuczna inteligencja
emulacja mózgu
transhumanizm
Opis:
Celem artykułu recenzyjnego jest przybliżenie i skomentowanie treści zawartych w książce Susan Schneider Świadome Maszyny. Sztuczna Inteligencja i projektowanie umysłów wydanej w 2021 roku. Stosowaną metodą badawczą jest analiza (wydobycie z tekstu terminów i definicji oraz ich rekonstrukcja) oraz porównanie (zestawienie pojęć stosowanych przez autorkę z pojęciami używanymi w innych tekstach). Wnioski podkreślają aktualność problematyki podejmowanej przez autorkę oraz trafność jej zalecenia ostrożności podczas decydowania o modyfi kacji własnego mózgu.
The purpose of this review article is to present and comment on the contents of Susan Schenider’s book Artificial You: AI and the Future of Your Mind. The applied research method is analysis (extracting terms and definitions from the text and reconstructing them) and comparison (cross-referencing the notions used by the author with those used in other works). The conclusions emphasize timeliness of the issues addressed by the author and soundness of her advice for caution when deciding about modifying one’s own brain.
Źródło:
Teologia i moralność; 2023, 18, 1(33); 271-285
1898-2964
2450-4602
Pojawia się w:
Teologia i moralność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Information and brain
Autorzy:
Kycia, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-11-07
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
classical information
quantum information
brain models
mind uploading
Opis:
We present the consequences of the assumption of the classical and quantum nature of information storing and processing in the brain. These assumptions result in different behaviours of consciousness under a hypothetical brain copy experiment. The subject is important in the context of ‘mind uploading’ considerations.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2021, 70; 45-72
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Brain, mind and education – we have found the way, whether we are wandering along the wilderness?
Autorzy:
Bożena, Pawlak,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/889138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-02
Wydawca:
Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:
brain
mind
education
neuroeducation
Opis:
In recentyears, we have witnessed an intensive development of many New areas of research and scientific research, to chich undoubtedly belong those referred to as neuroscience, thatis, focusing on the study of the human brain and nervous system. In my speech I would like to review opinions on possibile attempts to relate brain research results to school conditions as well as teaching and learning concepts. The following concepts will be analyzed: neurodidactics, neuropedagogy and neuroeducation. I will also present my proposition of under standing neuroeducation as anactivity focused on: 1) development of cognitive processes of learners and awareness of the existence of these processes; 2) education of learning process management, 3) getting to know and better understanding of the learning process through the prism of functioning: brain, mind and education. Neuroeducation understood in this way is, in my opinion, a chance for a new perspective of in sight into learning processes and, in the longer term, teaching. It can therefore be addressed to pupils and students, but also to teachers. The direction of neuroeducation thought outlined in the article, in my opinion, fits in with the thinking about constructivist variation, objectivist today (according to Dorota Klus-Stańska) paradigm of neurodidactics.
Źródło:
Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo; 2020, 48(2); 59-68
1734-5537
Pojawia się w:
Człowiek - Niepełnosprawność - Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the rudiments and benefits of philanthropy in the perspective of cognitive research
Autorzy:
Wioletta, Dziarnowska,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-05-19
Wydawca:
Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:
morality
philanthropy
cognitive science
moral mind
brain
non-profit institutions
Opis:
Past decades have shown an increase in interest in the phenomenon of morality, as well as its most sophisticated manifestations, which are philanthropic activities, in the field of cognitive science – a multidisciplinary research program of the mind and its role in intelligent behaviour. The article shows – applying the aforementioned perspective – that morality, along with all its altruistic expressions, is understood as the result of the biological evolution of the human race. It is based on various neuronal mechanisms responsible for the psychological processes that make up our moral mind, e.g. moral intuitions, moral emotions and moral reasoning. In recent years, issues related to charity have become one of the important subjects of cognitive research. In their light, it turned out, among others, that altruistic human inclinations, not only devoting one’s time, skills or money to help a person, but also support for more abstract ideas related to the common good are supported by various brain mechanisms strengthening our selfless motivations. It was concluded that the progress of scientific research on the relationship between the „moral brain” and the world in need of help would reveal the most effective ways of strengthening human philanthropic involvement and more effective impact of non-profit institutions.
Źródło:
Praca Socjalna; 2020, 35(2); 143-166
0860-3480
Pojawia się w:
Praca Socjalna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The homunculus brain and categorical logic
Autorzy:
Awodey, Steve
Heller, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1047588.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-29
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
categorical logic
syntax-semantics
mind-brain
Opis:
The interaction between syntax (formal language) and its semantics (meanings of language) is one which has been well studied in categorical logic. The results of this particular study are employed to understand how the brain is able to create meanings. To emphasize the toy character of the proposed model, we prefer to speak of the homunculus brain rather than the brain per se. The homunculus brain consists of neurons, each of which is modeled by a category, and axons between neurons, which are modeled by functors between the corresponding neuron-categories. Each neuron (category) has its own program enabling its working, i.e. a theory of this neuron. In analogy to what is known from categorical logic, we postulate the existence of a pair of adjoint functors, called Lang and Syn, from a category, now called BRAIN, of categories, to a category, now called MIND, of theories. Our homunculus is a kind of “mathematical robot”, the neuronal architecture of which is not important. Its only aim is to provide us with the opportunity to study how such a simple brain-like structure could “create meanings” and perform abstraction operations out of its purely syntactic program. The pair of adjoint functors Lang and Syn model the mutual dependencies between the syntactical structure of a given theory of MIND and the internal logic of its semantics given by a category of BRAIN. In this way, a formal language (syntax) and its meanings (semantics) are interwoven with each other in a manner corresponding to the adjointness of the functors Lang and Syn. Higher cognitive functions of abstraction and realization of concepts are also modelled by a corresponding pair of adjoint functors. The categories BRAIN and MIND interact with each other with their entire structures and, at the same time, these very structures are shaped by this interaction.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2020, 69; 253-280
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Artysta jako nieświadomy neurobiolog. Filmoznawczo-neurokognitywistyczna analiza myśli Hugo Münsterberga i Lwa Kuleszowa
Autorzy:
Przybysz, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/923253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Kuleszow
Münsterberg
film
art
brain
mind
artist
creativity
inspiration
cognitive science
neurobiology
Kuleszow effect
editing
scientific experiments
perception
consciousness
attention
cognitive sciences
nauroscience
Opis:
The history and theory of art have often shown, before the era of neurobiology, cognitive psychology and cognitive science, that great artists are unconscious neurobiologists, activating with their art the areas of the brain of recipients that cause aesthetic experience, and using in their works the principles of perception or optical illusions, unknown to ordinary mortals, and sometimes also to creators at the level of consciousness. The following considerations are intended to approximate and, to some extent, to rehabilitate and save film creators and theoreticians who are being forgotten, the ones who, long before the discoveries of the cognitive sciences, considered theoretically and carried out empirical experiments aimed at showing and explaining the mysteries of human perception and the influence of the film on the viewer. I will present the profiles of the two pioneers of pre-cognitive thought on the basis of film studies: Hugo Münsterberg and Lew Kuleszow. I will show that half a century before neuroscientific research, they dealt with the cognitive processes of human cognition. I will present the contemporary state of cognitive sciences to illustrate the pioneering and legitimacy of visions, intuitions and achievements of the above creators, who are underestimated and forgotten by time and the achievements of “cold” science, although neuroesthetics researchers who have been involved in the problem of perception of works of art and rehabilitation of the merits of the past in the area of neuroscience for some time cannot be denied their achievements. Ignoring their contribution and achievements in the science of cognition, especially as to this day they are continued in research laboratories, in my subjective opinion, equals the potential underestimation of Leonardo da Vinci’s contribution to medical science or Darwin’s to research emotions.
Źródło:
Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication; 2019, 25, 34; 137-147
1731-450X
Pojawia się w:
Images. The International Journal of European Film, Performing Arts and Audiovisual Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integrated self system: a microgenetic approach
Autorzy:
Pąchalska, Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106016.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-05
Wydawca:
Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
Tematy:
brain
mind
time
hyperspace
self system
Opis:
This article is dedicated to my beloved mother, Zofia Kuzak, Honorary Member of the Polish Neuropsychological Society, and my highest moral authority, to honor her 100 th birthday. During the Nazi occu pation, at the age of 23, she was deport ed to Germany and forced into slave labour at a German camp, from which she managed to escape. During this escape she had to sit for three long days high up in a tree, without food and without anything to drink, something made possible by her strong physical condition. After three days, she dared to leave the tree and, in throwing the Nazis pursuing her, she ran away not to the South - to her home in Nowy Sącz, but to the North – to Poznań, where she took refuge in the apartment of other relatives, true Polish patriots. She stayed there for the years 1943–1947, keeping the accounts at the large family grocery store. The experiences from this period influenced the formation of her own self and her identity. Her stories about times of tragedy and her ways of dealing with the darkest moments in her life contributed to the fact that I became interested in the subject of the self and identity. I have prepared two monographs and several articles on this topic. This article presents a new approach to integrated self system, associated not only with the physical organism, but also with the social and cultural world. The foundation of this approach to the self is microgenetic theory, especially its account of consciousness, of the transition from self to image, act and object, the epochal nature of this transition, and its relation to introspection, imagination and agency. The affinities of microgenetic theory to many aspects of the thought process should be evident to readers of this journal, but the theory, which was developed from studies of pathological cases, rests on a wealth of clinical detail. In brief, the micro-temporal transition from archaic to recent formations (distributed systems) in the phyletic history of the forebrain constitutes the absolute mental state, with consciousness the relation of self to image and/or object. The reader will be able also to find here the overlapping of states, the continuity of the core over successive states, and subjective time experience. However, the integrated self system is associated not only with the operation of the biological brain and its complex patterns of neural connections, but also with the activity of the social mind/brain, in terms of bonds created within social groups, as well as the cultural mind/brain creating the world of cultural values, including religious ones. I will sum up with a model of self system changing in time (4D), pulsating according to the states of mind (5D) forming different numbers of “bits” of information, as marked on the x axis, and linked to the duration of memories, marked on the y axis. The self system also depends on gravity (6D), and other hyperspace dimensions hitherto unknown in neuroscience.
Źródło:
Acta Neuropsychologica; 2019, 17(4); 349-393
1730-7503
2084-4298
Pojawia się w:
Acta Neuropsychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mechanizmy poznawcze teorii umysłu
Cognitive mechanisms of theory of mind
Autorzy:
Pluta, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-29
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
theory of mind
functional magnetic resonance
transcranial magnetic stimulation
executive functions
language
brain impairment
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest zapoznanie polskiego czytelnika ze stanem wiedzy dotyczącym mechanizmów poznawczych leżących u podstaw teorii umysłu. W artykule omówiono zarówno koncepcje teoretyczne będące podstawą rozumienia zdolności do dokonywania atrybucji stanów mentalnych innych osób, jak i najnowsze badania wykorzystujące metody neuroobrazowania mózgu (funkcjonalny rezonans magnetyczny, przezczaszkową stymulację magnetyczną) oraz badania pacjentów z uszkodzonym mózgiem. Dyskutowane są kolejno wyniki badań odnoszące się do: a) mózgowej lokalizacji teorii umysłu, b) relacji między teorią umysłu a funkcjami wykonawczymi oraz językiem, c) dysocjacji między poznawczym a emocjonalnym komponentem teorii umysłu. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury przedmiotu opisano również wyzwania i trudności metodologiczne, które towarzyszą badaniom nad mózgowym podłożem teorii umysłu w normie i w patologii.
The goal of the article is to familiarize Polish reader with the current state of knowledge about cognitive mechanisms of theory of mind. In the article, the author presents theoretical framework underlying capacity to understand mental states of others as well as the most recent neuroimagining methods (functional magnetic resonance, transcranial magnetic stimulation) and studies of patients with brain impairments. The author discusses: brain localization of theory of mind, relation between theory of mind and executive functions and language, dissociation between cognitive and affective theory of mind. On the basis of literature review, the author indicates methodological challenges and difficulties pertaining to research on brain mechanisms underlying theory of mind in norm and pathology.
Źródło:
Roczniki Psychologiczne; 2012, 15, 1; 7-30
1507-7888
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Psychologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biblia i nauka. Siedem refleksji inspirowanych myślą ks. Michała Hellera
The Bible and Science. Seven reflections inspired by the thought of Prof. Michael Heller
Autorzy:
Majewski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2034070.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-11-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
Biblia
nauka
nauki przyrodnicze
dusza
mózg
Bible
science
soul
brain
mind
Opis:
The aim of the article is to show some areas where the results of exegesisand biblical theology should be confronted with the latest discoveries ofscience on the world, nature, evolution, the human being, the brain, free will,psychology and morality. The author compares, shows difficulties arisingfrom, and attempts to reconcile Christian anthropology with the image ofman that emerges from well-established scientific truths. This paper is anintroduction and an invitation to a discussion on this topic.
Źródło:
Collectanea Theologica; 2018, 88, 1; 91-139
0137-6985
2720-1481
Pojawia się w:
Collectanea Theologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cabanis: między medycyną, rewolucją i filozofią
Cabanis: between medicine, revolution and philosophy
Autorzy:
Chomiszczak, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041159.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
brain
physiology
sensibility
mind
consciousness
intelligence
morality
materialism
Opis:
The article is concerned with quite forgotten character and work of Pierre Jean Georges Cabanis, a physician and philosopher, but also a strong supporter of the French Revolution from the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. His main scientific opus was the dissertation On the relations between the physical and moral aspects of man (Rapports du physique et du moral de l’homme) first published in 1802 and then repeatedly resumed in the 19th century, but virtually unknown in Poland. His medical points of view originally corresponded with materialistic philosophy; however, they also took into account the role of the spiritual and mental aspects of a human – this “biological, thinking mechanism”, as Cabanis thought. An important role in his book was played by theories related to sensualism. Using modern terms, Cabanis created something like physiological psychology. According to him, the body, or more precisely its organs, take part in the creation of human thoughts which seem to be only the physiological result of brain perception. This classic work was often invoked by successive generations of doctors and thinkers; it even appeared in artistic prose. Cabanis himself has had a fixed position in research and scientific studies for over two centuries.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2018, 34; 223-243
1233-8680
2450-4947
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Consciousness, Culture, and the Brain
Autorzy:
Bartra, Roger
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451381.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-07-18
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Filozofii
Tematy:
exocerebrum
brain
consciousness
symbolic prostheses
philosophy of mind
Opis:
Human consciousness is a phenomenon that occurs not only in the brain but also in an external network, a symbolic system. This symbolic system is defined as an exocerebrum. The exocerebrum is a system of artificial cultural prostheses that substitute functions the brain cannot carry out through exclusively biological means. The exocerebrum is a symbolic system that substitutes the cerebral circuits that are incapable by themselves of completing functions that are characteristic of human mental behavior. The brain is not capable of processing symbols without the help of an external system essentially made up of speech, symbols, the non-discursive forms of communication (such as music, dance, and painting), and the exterior artificial memories (from writing to the Internet). We are in the presence of a continual spectrum, one in which there is no need to draw a dividing line between the brain and the exocerebrum, between the neuronal circuits and the cultural prostheses.
Źródło:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture; 2018, 2, 2(4); 100-114
2544-302X
Pojawia się w:
Eidos. A Journal for Philosophy of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tożsamość Todda. Mózg między filozoficzną neurosferą a literacką (meta)fikcją
Todd’s Identity. The Brain Between Neurosphere and the Literary (Meta)Fiction
Autorzy:
Nowak, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1041377.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
brain
body/mind relation
hybrid identity
posthumanism
Kafka
Dürrenmatt
Bulgakov
Brown
Dukaj
phenomenology
Opis:
The paper explores hybrid identities of main characters in chosen contemporary authors as Kafka, Dürrenmatt, Bulgakov, Dukaj, and in particular Brown. They all contribute to the posthumanist literary genre and to better comprehension of condition posthumana as a leading utopia in the age of advanced technologies. The author argues for affinities between the human and the non-human brain, far beyond the anthropocentrism and anthropodenialism controversy.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka; 2018, 34; 63-86
1233-8680
2450-4947
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literacka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Brain, mind and modern human identity – dilemmas and solutions
Autorzy:
Błaszak, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/703008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
predictive mind
bayesian brain
salience network
central executive network
default mode network
human cognitive evolution
Opis:
Human brain is “the perfect guessing machine” (James V. Stone (2012) Vision and Brain, Cambridge, Mass: The MIT Press, p. 155), trying to interpret sensory data in the light of previous biases or beliefs. Bayesian inference is carried out by three complex networks of the human brain: salience network, central executive network, and default mode network. Their function is analysed both in neurotypical person and Attention Deficit Disorder. Modern human being having predictive brain and overloaded mind must develop social identity, whose evolution went probably through three stages: social selection based on punishment, sexual selection based on reputation, and group selection based on identity.
Źródło:
Nauka; 2017, 1
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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