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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    High Gain Linear 1×4 X-slotted Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for 5G Mobile Technology
    Autorzy:
    Agarwal, Samarth
    Prachi, -
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958056.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    microstrip patch antenna
    millimeter wave
    tapered feed line
    Opis:
    A linear 1×4 antenna array built on the Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate is proposed in this paper to acquire high gain for 5G applications. The proposed design resonates at 38 GHz, i.e. in the Ka-band region, and has small patch dimensions of 5.5×2 mm. The design is simulated using CST studio. The main element consists of X-slot that provides a gain of 6.98 dB with the return loss of –24.25 dB whereas a linear array of 4 elements is made which is fed by the 50Ω m-line using the corporate feeding network which yields a gain of 13.84 dB, as well as the return loss is –15.72 dB. The centreto-centre spacing (d) of elements in the antenna array is 0.8λ.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2020, 1; 50-55
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Millimeter Wave Beamforming Training : A Reinforcement Learning Approach
    Autorzy:
    Mohamed, Ehab Mahmoud
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844599.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    millimeter wave
    beamforming training
    multiarmed bandit
    reinforcement learning
    Opis:
    Beamforming training (BT) is considered as an essential process to accomplish the communications in the millimeter wave (mmWave) band, i.e., 30 ~ 300 GHz. This process aims to find out the best transmit/receive antenna beams to compensate the impairments of the mmWave channel and successfully establish the mmWave link. Typically, the mmWave BT process is highly-time consuming affecting the overall throughput and energy consumption of the mmWave link establishment. In this paper, a machine learning (ML) approach, specifically reinforcement learning (RL), is utilized for enabling the mmWave BT process by modeling it as a multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem with the aim of maximizing the long-term throughput of the constructed mmWave link. Based on this formulation, MAB algorithms such as upper confidence bound (UCB), Thompson sampling (TS), epsilon-greedy (e-greedy), are utilized to address the problem and accomplish the mmWave BT process. Numerical simulations confirm the superior performance of the proposed MAB approach over the existing mmWave BT techniques.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 1; 95-102
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Radio wave propagation and single-cell coverage prediction of broadband radio access systems including passive reflectors
    Autorzy:
    Bauer, G.
    Freese, J.
    Jakoby, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308364.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    millimeter wave propagation
    LMDS
    coverage prediction
    passive reflectors
    Opis:
    This paper presents the scheme of a software planing tool for single microcells of broadband radio access systems operating at millimeter waves, providing local multipoint distribution services (LMDS), particularly in urban or suburban areas. The aim of this planing tool is to provide operators with information, which supports the assessment of the profitability by calculating link budgets and the area coverage and by roughly estimating the maximum number of potential customers, i.e. the total number of households in a certain area, as well as the number of customers (households) which will actually be covered from a site. A household is here considered as a single apartment or flat, thus a building usually consists of several households. This novel household-estimation model is able to estimate the number of households based only on the 3D-data of buildings, without using residential data. Besides the optimization of line-of-sight (LOS) coverage, also the possibility is considered to enhance the coverage into shadowed areas by using optimized reflectors as passive repeaters up to distances of 1 km from the base station, depending on the system margin and the rain climate zone. All calculations are based on 3D-databases of both, buildings and vegetation.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2001, 2; 21-30
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    SiGe HBT wideband amplifier for millimeter wave applications
    Autorzy:
    Krcmar, M.
    Noether, N.
    Boeck, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307582.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    wideband amplifier
    HBT
    SiGe
    millimeter wave
    bipolar integrated circuits
    Opis:
    A wideband amplifier up to 50 GHz has been implemented in a 0.25 žm, 200 GHz ft SiGe BiCMOS technology. Die size was 0.7×0.73 mm2. The two-stage design achieves more than 11 dB gain over the whole 20 to 50 GHz band. Gain maximum was 14.2 dB at 47.5 GHz. Noise figure was lower than 9 dB up to 34 GHz and a current of 30 mA was drawn from a 4 V supply. To the author's best knowledge this is the highest gain bandwidth product of a monolithic SiGe HBT amplifier ever reported.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2007, 1; 8-12
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design of Hybrid Precoder for mm-Wave MIMO System Based on Generalized Triangular Decomposition Method
    Autorzy:
    Thurpati, Sammaiah
    Muthuchidambaranathan, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2124753.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    millimeter-wave
    mmWave
    SVD
    GTD
    hybrid precoding
    massive MIMO
    Opis:
    Hybrid precoding techniques are lately involved a lot of interest for millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive MIMO systems is due to the cost and power consumption advantages they provide. However, existing hybrid precoding based on the singular value decomposition (SVD) necessitates a difficult bit allocation to fit the varying signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) of altered sub-channels. In this paper, we propose a generalized triangular decomposition (GTD)-based hybrid precoding to avoid the complicated bit allocation. The development of analog and digital precoders is the reason for the high level of design complexity in analog precoder architecture, which is based on the OMP algorithm, is very non-convex, and so has a high level of complexity. As a result, we suggest using the GTD method to construct hybrid precoding for mmWave mMIMO systems. Simulated studies as various system configurations are used to examine the proposed design. In addition, the archived findings are compared to a hybrid precoding approach in the classic OMP algorithm. The proposed Matrix Decomposition’s simulation results of signal-to-noise ratio vs spectral efficiencies.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2022, 68, 3; 519--525
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cloud Cooperated Heterogeneous Cellular Networks for Delayed Offloading using Millimeter Wave Gates
    Autorzy:
    Mohamed, E. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227204.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    millimeter wave
    delayed offloading
    CC-HetNet
    ANDSF
    C/U splitting
    Opis:
    Increasing the capacity of wireless cellular network is one of the major challenges for the coming years. A lot of research works have been done to exploit the ultra-wide band of millimeter wave (mmWave) and integrate it into future cellular networks. In this paper, to efficiently utilize the mmWave band while reducing the total deployment cost, we propose to deploy the mmWave access in the form of ultra-high capacity mmWave gates distributed in the coverage area of the macro basestation (Macro BS). Delayed offloading is also proposed to proficiently exploit the gates and relax the demand of deploying a large number of them. Furthermore, a mobility-aware weighted proportional fair (WPF) user scheduling is proposed to maximize the intra-gate offloading efficiency while maintaining the longterm offloading fairness among the users inside the gate. To efficiently link the mmWave gates with the Macro BS in a unified cellular network structure, a cloud cooperated heterogeneous cellular network (CC-HetNet) is proposed. In which, the gates and the Macro BS are linked to the centralized radio access network (C-RAN) via high-speed backhaul links. Using the concept of control/user (C/U) plane splitting, signaling information is sent to the UEs through the wide coverage Macro BS, and most of users’ delayed traffic is offloaded through the ultra-high capacity mmWave gates. An enhanced access network discovery and selection function (eANDSF) based on a network wide proportional fair criterion is proposed to discover and select an optimal mmWave gate to associate a user with delayed traffic. It is interesting to find out that a mmWave gate consisting of only 4 mmWave access points (APs) can offload up to 70 GB of delayed traffic within 25 sec, which reduces the energy consumption of a user equipment (UE) by 99.6 % compared to the case of only using Macro BS without gate offloading. Also, more than a double increase in total gates offloaded bytes is obtained using the proposed eANDSF over using the conventional ANDSF proposed by 3GPP due to the optimality in selecting the associating gate.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2017, 63, 1; 51-64
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Robust Schemes to Enhance Energy Consumption Efficiency for Millimeter Wave-Based Microcellular Network in Congested Urban Environments
    Autorzy:
    Hindia, MHD Nour
    Qamar, Faizan
    Ojukwu, Henry
    Hassan, Rosilah
    Dimyati, Kaharudin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844493.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    micro cell
    energy
    5G
    millimeter wave
    cell sectoring
    smart antenna
    Opis:
    Future wireless communication networks will be largely characterized by small cell deployments, typically on the order of 200 meters of radius/cell, at most. Meanwhile, recent studies show that base stations (BS) account for about 80 to 95 % of the total network power. This simply implies that more energy will be consumed in the future wireless network since small cell means massive deployment of BS. This phenomenon makes energy-efficient (EE) control a central issue of critical consideration in the design of future wireless networks. This paper proposes and investigates (the performance of) two different energy-saving approaches namely, adaptive-sleep sectorization (AS), adaptive hybrid partitioning schemes (AH) for small cellular networks using smart antenna technique. We formulated a generic base-model for the above-mentioned schemes and applied the spatial Poisson process to reduce the system complexity and to improve flexibility in the beam angle reconfiguration of the adaptive antenna, also known as a smart antenna (SA). The SA uses the scalable algorithms to track active users in different segments/sectors of the microcell, making the proposed schemes capable of targeting specific users or groups of users in periods of sparse traffic, and capable of performing optimally when the network is highly congested. The capabilities of the proposed smart/adaptive antenna approaches can be easily adapted and integrated into the massive MIMO for future deployment. Rigorous numerical analysis at different orders of sectorization shows that among the proposed schemes, the AH strategy outperforms the AS in terms of energy saving by about 52 %. Generally, the proposed schemes have demonstrated the ability to significantly increase the power consumption efficiency of micro base stations for future generation cellular systems, over the traditional design methodologies.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 3; 417-424
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Artificial Magnetic Conductor-based Millimeter Wave Microstrip Patch Antenna for Gain Enhancement
    Autorzy:
    Belabbas, Khadidja
    Khedrouche, Djamel
    Hocini, Abdesselam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839484.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    artificial magnetic conductor
    gain enhancement
    microstrip patch antenna
    millimeter wave
    reection phase
    Opis:
    In this paper, a small (20 × 20 × 2.4 mm) loaded microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with an asymmetric artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) as a ground plane is designed for millimeter wave applications. Two AMC structures are proposed; one has the property of a 0 ◦ reflection phase around 28.4 GHz, with a symmetric geometry, which makes the reflection phase insensitive to variations in both polarization and incident angle. This symmetric AMC structure ensures angular stability which is considered as a major requirement when periodic structures are used as antenna ground planes. The other structure is characterized by an asymmetric geometry and shows an interesting behavior around 28.6 GHz, where a discontinuity in the reflection phase appeared due to the fact that surface impedance nature changed from purely capacitive to purely inductive. This paper studies the effects of the two proposed AMC structures on the performance of MPAs, by using an array of 8 × 8 unit cell elements as an artificial ground plane. Simulation results show that an MPA with a symmetric AMC ground plane offers better impedance matching and a wider bandwidth. Compared with conventional MPAs, gain is enhanced and directivity is improved as well. As far as an MPA with an asymmetric AMC ground plane is concerned, its performance in terms of gain and directivity is higher than that of the conventional solution.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 1; 56-63
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Power Scaling and Antenna Selection Techniques for Hybrid Beamforming in mmWave Massive MIMO Systems
    Autorzy:
    Nalband, Abdul Haq
    Sarvagya, Mrinal
    Ahmed, Mohammed Riyaz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226190.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    antenna selection
    massive MIMO
    millimeter Wave
    5G
    hybrid beamforming
    power scaling
    Opis:
    With the advent of massive MIMO and mmWave, Antenna selection is the new frontier in hybrid beamforming employed in 5G base stations. Tele-operators are reworking on the components while upgrading to 5G where the antenna is a last-mile device. The burden on the physical layer not only demands smart and adaptive antennas but also an intelligent antenna selection mechanism to reduce power consumption and improve system capacity while degrading the hardware cost and complexity. This work focuses on reducing the power consumption and finding the optimal number of RF chains for a given millimeter wave massive MIMO system. At first, we investigate the power scaling method for both perfect Channel State Information (CSI) and imperfect CSI where the power is reduced by1/Nᵣ and 1/√Nᵣ respectively. We further propose to reduce the power consumption by emphasizing on the subdued resolution of Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) with quantization awareness. The proposed algorithm selects the optimal number of antenna elements based on the resolution of ADCs without compromising on the quality of reception. The performance of the proposed algorithm shows significant improvement when compared with conventional and random antenna selection methods.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 3; 529-535
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Design of Millimeter-Wave Six-Port Device for LTCC Technology
    Autorzy:
    Słojewska, Barbara
    Yashchyshyn, Yevhen
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227071.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    low temperature cofired ceramic
    LTCC
    microwave technology
    millimeter wave
    six-port network
    Opis:
    In this paper a design of millimeter-wave six-port device for LTCC (Low Temperature Cofired Ceramic) technology is presented. Furthermore, problems with implementation of the project taking into account requirements of LTCC technology are discussed.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 1; 37-43
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Artificial Magnetic Conductor-based Millimeter Wave Microstrip Patch Antenna for Gain Enhancement
    Autorzy:
    Belabbas, Khadidja
    Khedrouche, Djamel
    Hocini, Abdesselam
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839467.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    artificial magnetic conductor
    gain enhancement
    microstrip patch antenna
    millimeter wave
    reection phase
    Opis:
    In this paper, a small (20 × 20 × 2.4 mm) loaded microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with an asymmetric artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) as a ground plane is designed for millimeter wave applications. Two AMC structures are proposed; one has the property of a 0 ◦ reflection phase around 28.4 GHz, with a symmetric geometry, which makes the reflection phase insensitive to variations in both polarization and incident angle. This symmetric AMC structure ensures angular stability which is considered as a major requirement when periodic structures are used as antenna ground planes. The other structure is characterized by an asymmetric geometry and shows an interesting behavior around 28.6 GHz, where a discontinuity in the reflection phase appeared due to the fact that surface impedance nature changed from purely capacitive to purely inductive. This paper studies the effects of the two proposed AMC structures on the performance of MPAs, by using an array of 8 × 8 unit cell elements as an artificial ground plane. Simulation results show that an MPA with a symmetric AMC ground plane offers better impedance matching and a wider bandwidth. Compared with conventional MPAs, gain is enhanced and directivity is improved as well. As far as an MPA with an asymmetric AMC ground plane is concerned, its performance in terms of gain and directivity is higher than that of the conventional solution.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2021, 1; 56-63
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of QoS Performance Evaluation over 5G Network for Indoor Environment at millimeter wave Bands
    Autorzy:
    Qamar, Faizan
    Hindia, Mohammad Nour
    Abbas, Talib
    Dimyati, Kaharudin Bin
    Amiri, Iraj Sadegh
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226266.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    5G
    millimeter wave
    CI-path loss
    propagation channel
    channel characterization
    small cell
    Opis:
    One of the key advancement in next-generation 5G wireless networks is the use of high-frequency signals specifically those are in the millimeter wave (mm-wave) bands. Using mmwave frequency will allow more bandwidth resulting higher data rates as compared to the currently available network. However, several challenges are emerging (such as fading, scattering, propagation loss etc.), when we propagate the radio signal at high frequencies. Optimizing propagation parameters of the mm-wave channels system are much essential for implementing in the realworld scenario. To keep this in mind, this paper presents the potential abilities of high frequencies signals by characterizing the indoor small cell propagation channel for 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 60 GHz and 73 GHz frequency band, which is considered as the ultimate frequency choice for many of the researchers. The most potential Close-In (CI) propagation model for mm-wave frequencies is used as a Large-scale path loss model. The results have been collected concerning the capacity of users to evaluate the average user throughput, cell-edge user throughput, average cell throughput, spectral efficiency and fairness index. The statistical results proved that these mm-wave spectrum gives a sufficiently greater overall performance and are available for use in the next generation 5G mobile communication network.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 1; 95-101
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Tłumienia łącza kierunkowego w zakresie fal milimetrowych na bazie modyfikacji modelu empirycznego
    Directional link attenuation in millimeter-wave range based on empirical model modification
    Autorzy:
    Pawlak, Dawid
    Kelner, Jan M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24065010.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
    Tematy:
    łączność bezprzewodowa
    propagacja fal radiowych
    modele tłumienia
    wielo-eliptyczny model propagacyjny
    anteny kierunkowe
    kierunkowe łącze radiowe
    fale milimetrowe
    systemy 5G
    badania symulacyjne
    wireless communication
    radio wave propagation
    path loss model
    multi-elliptical propagation model
    directional antennas
    directional radio link
    millimeter waves
    5G systems
    simulation studies
    Opis:
    Systemy telefonii komórkowej piątej i następnych generacji będą wykorzystywały nie tylko zakresy częstotliwości poniżej 6 GHz, lecz także pasma w zakresie fal milimetrowych oraz terahercowych. Z praktycznego punktu widzenia podejście to wymaga stosowania anten kierunkowych lub systemów z formowaniem wiązki. w celu zapewnienia większej efektywności energetycznej łącza bezprzewodowego istotne jest, aby wiązki radiowe po stronie nadawczej i odbiorczej były współosiowe. Modele tłumienia są powszechnie wykorzystywane przy projektowaniu systemów i sieci łączności radiowej. należy jednak podkreślić, że w literaturze nie ma dostępnych odpowiednich metod modelowania tłumienia dla przypadków braku współosiowości wiązek antenowych. w artykule zaproponowano sposób modyfikacji modelu tłumienia bazujący na wieloeliptycznym modelu propagacyjnym. w tym celu opracowano specjalne oprogramowanie w środowisku MATLAB, które posłużyło do przeprowadzenia badań symulacyjnych. w dalszej części przedstawiono przykładowe wyniki adaptacji empirycznych modeli tłumienia w zakresie fal milimetrowych, które otrzymano, wykorzystując opracowany program.
    The upcoming fifth and next generation mobile phone systems will use not only the frequency bands of sub-6 GHz but also the millimeter-wave and terahertz bands. From a practical viewpoint, this approach requires the use of directional antennas or beamforming systems. To ensure greater energy efficiency of the wireless link, the radio beams on the transmitting and receiving sides should be aligned ones. Path loss models are commonly used for designing the radio communication systems and networks. However, in the literature, there are no adequate methods of attenuation modelling available for the cases of misalignment of antenna beams. in this paper, a method of modifying the path loss model, based on a multi-elliptical propagation model, is proposed. For this purpose, dedicated software was developed in the MATLAB environment, which was used to conduct simulation tests. In the remainder of the paper, exemplary results of the adaptation of empirical path loss models in the range of millimeter-waves are presented, which were obtained using the developed program.
    Źródło:
    Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej; 2022, 71, 3; 69--92
    1234-5865
    Pojawia się w:
    Biuletyn Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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