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Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
Tytuł:
Działania rewaloryzacyjne dotyczące miejskiego zespołu zabytkowego Bolonii
RESTORATION WORKS ON THE TOWN HISTORIC COMPLEX OF BOLOGNA
Autorzy:
Stanghellini, Stefano
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/539094.pdf
Data publikacji:
1978
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
rewaloryzacja zespołu zabytkowego Bolonii
miejski zespół zabytkowy Bolonii
oszczędne budownictwo społeczne
Opis:
For a number of years the problem o f restoring the value o f the existing building substance has been occupying a very important place in spatial planning o f Emilia-Romania region. A physical expansion o f Bologne was not accompanied by a trend to increase the population settled there, or to improve urban standards. In this context, it wa9 found necessary to try to solve problems involved in search for improved quality o f urban life within the boundaries o f the town itself. A process o f restoring available building resources is carried out under the supervision o f town administrative authorities by means o f different executive methods depending on characteristics o f the environment and structure o f three territorial layers that can be distinguished in the existing town tissue: — preindustrial towns (town historic complex), — the area built between the 19th and mid-20th cent., — the area built in the latest thirty years, solely on the initiative o f private persons with some support from the state. The basis for restoration works in the town historic complex of Bologna was provided by a regulating plan approved by the Municipal Council o f Bologna in 1969. In the year o f 1973 the Council approved the plan o f economical social building for the town historic complex (the so-called PEEP — Centro Storico), conceived as an element integrating building plans for outer town districts, currently under way. Synthetically, individual working stages o f the PEEP — Centro Storico plan can be defined as given below : — establishing o f work sections, i.e. minimum urban units, — initial distribution o f temporary (parcheggio) or rotary (di rotazione) flats within the historic complex, — restoration o f public-owned or newly-bought buildings, — social control over building resources, privately-owned on the basis o f agreement, and in exceptional cases, even through expropriation. By January 1977 the execution o f the PEEP — Centro Storico was as follows: — from autumn 1973, i.e. over a period o f 1.000 days, 220 flats for 800 people were put to use or were at a final stage. It was also envisaged to make instructions for further 200 flats, provided that necessary financial means were available. These data showed that a motor which was to bring the plan to life was put into operation and that it started functioning on a full scale There appwared, however, some difficulties which brought about a twoyear-delay in the adopted program o f work in comparison with initial targets. Along with the execution o f targets aimed at modernizing the flats, works are also carried out to improve services for the population. Already a regulating plan o f 1969 selected from the Bologna municipal complex some architectonic space (contenitori) for restoring and its use for some sort o f social activities. In January 1977, works were completed on 3.000 square metres o f „contenitori” appropriated for social and cultural activities. Restoration works undertaken in the historic centre o f the town allow for a rebirth o f a housing function in this region, and an improvement in social and economic structure within the old-town complex; in the same way they should contribute to more uniform development o f the whole town and region.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1978, 4; 224-231
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Na przełomie
AT A TURNING-POINT
Autorzy:
Stankiewicz, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538610.pdf
Data publikacji:
1975
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
zabytek
zabytkowy
zabytkoznawca
dobro kultury
kompleksowość ochrony zabytków
kryteria weryfikacji dóbr kultury
miejski zespół zabytkowy
Opis:
A good deal of essential problems with which are faced the Polish scientific and cultural circles dealing with protection of historical monuments have been listed within the present article. The main emphasis, however, was laid upon und in detail discussed were the following questions: the advancing endangerments to settling environments as a consequence of new conditions of the „standardized production” of new housing estates; the definition of the term „historical monument” or „cultural heritage” ; the unfavourable results of'verifying the cultural property through its classification; the approach of representatives of various scientific disciplines to cultural property; the problems of a corporate considering of groupings of historic buildings and, finally - the problems of staffing as well as those of organization. A particular emphasis was laid by the author upon importance of problems related to protection of settling environment by stressing the fact that the Polish experts have at their disposal a number of well developod methods basing on the corporate investigations carried out by specialists from many scientific areas. The introduction of such investigations into a wide practice should prove highly helpful while establishing the outlines that in their turn would constitute an essential element in preparing of the general and detailed plans and at working out of housing programmes. The author hopes that it will namely be the historians and conservators who will choose the spatial settings deserving to be safeguarded and at the same time demanding the determining of nature and extent of the necessary or permissible rehabilitation and modernization. While advancing the above requirements he puts the question about our readiness to carry out the aforo- -mentioned tasks and expresses his doubts and objections. Among these objections quite essential, in the author’s view, role is being played by terminology. The term „zabytek” (a historical monument in Polish) while in use in other languages suggests a sizeable object of monumental character whereas in Polish it is composed of two parts, namely a prefix „za”, pointing to something coming from the past and „byt” , eonstituing an arch definition. In the above connection the term „zabytek” (a monument, historical monument) is strongly emphasising the ancientness of an object which in the author’s view confines its comprehension range. The author refers to the Polish Law on the Protection of Cultural Property of 1962 wdiere the term „historical monument” is being used as one alternating with „cultural property” . From the above fact two features are resulting, unfavorable for the protection of cultural property, namoly interpretation stating that as the „monuments” are to be considered only the cultural property subjected to legal protection and, furthermore, the identify of terms „monument” and an object whose main quality is its age. According to the author a lot of confusion and harms have been caused by classifying verification of cultural property or cultural heritage consisting of architectural objects or historic buildings which has led to demolition of objects classified to lower categories or even those in higher categories. The register of historic buildings is covering only sporadic buildings dating from the 19th and 20th centuries that under the eyes of community only quite recently are acquiring the qualities of cultural property under protection. A strong criticism was expressed by the author with respect to touring maps containing classifications of the separate historical monuments an a general statement made by him that in the community’s consciousness more and more firm becomes the view about the apparent worthlessness of what is forming the basic tissue of historical settings. The Law mentioned above lists eleven groups of objects or their groupings that may form the subject of protection. It must be added, however, that each of these groups forms a basic for the separate area of knowledge. The above division results into different methods of investigation and, furthermore, is connected with various institutions, professional associations, displays, etc. It has been stated by the author that the prevailing majority of groups to wrhom is classified the cultural property in this country is to be found within the groupings and enclosed systems and so, for instance, a single grouping may be composed of cultural property representing the above 11 classes; thus the separate elements of that grouping will be diasipated in registrations which the situation does not favour a corporate protection. In the course of his further considerations the author characterizes the approach the experts from the various fields of science may have to a given object and he states that the most „corporate” in its nature approach is shown by graduates from the Institute of Connoisseur - ship and Conservation, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń. It is required by the author that the aesthetical values of cultural property be not indentified with assessments made on conventional basis of investigations carried out by art historians and architects and that the classifying verifications be made on the basis of a full and objective overall distinction. As an essential problem is considered by the author that of settlement groupings of high rank arising from richness of historical and social traditions and both spatial systems and forms. As particularly unsatisfactory are to be considered conditions of the traditional rustic buildings. It is suggested by the author that in each ethnographic region at least one grouping of rustici buildings should be selected with a reservation accompanying it. With regard to the historic urban centres in the years 1969—1970 the criteria for estimating of historic buildings have changed; thus, for instance, to such buildings are now being counted those with architectural forms that developed during the 19th and early 20th century but as deserving consideration should also be handled the town plans, the outskirts or the workers’ housing quarters and the like, dating back to those times. It is proposed by the author to stop the publication of registers or catalogues of historic buildings and to focus on systematic investigations supplying the background for the renewed, but this time carefully planned and wide registering action. The problems of staffing have also been dealt with by the author who pointed to quantitative insufficiencies of the appropriately trained personnel able to undertake the tasks associated with protection and preservation of cultural property. While speaking about such personnel he has in mind a number of suitably specialized experts e.g. twon planners, architects or civil engineers who with the problems from the ange of cultu al property protection would be made acquainted in the course of their academic training. However, that their activities could prove affective it is indispensable to establish a suitable organizational system of their work with no place for an excessively extended administration, but quite opposite — with the conservation services supported by a suitable scientific and research as well as technical background. In this connection it is suggested by the author to establish the Voivodship Centres of Cultural Property Protection subordinated to Voivodship Conservators and responsible for carrying out the tasks associated with preparing of documentation and other research activities. While summarizing his considerations the author presented the directions of the necessary research activities, organizational and legal measures, these form the field of training and finally those in publishing range that all taken together could lead to changes in protection of cultural property in Poland.
Źródło:
Ochrona Zabytków; 1975, 2; 93-110
0029-8247
Pojawia się w:
Ochrona Zabytków
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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