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Tytuł:
W kierunku dojrzałości metodologicznej badań naukoznawczych
Towards methodological maturity of science of science research
Autorzy:
Kawalec, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577308.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
przedmiot naukoznawstwa
metodologia naukoznawstwa
F. Znaniecki
Ekonomizacja nauki
the subject matter of science research
methodology of science of science
economization of science
Opis:
Artykuł rekonstruuje zasadniczą linię argumentacyjną F. Znanieckiego w określeniu przedmiotu badań naukoznawczych oraz wynikającej z niej ich charakterystyki metodologicznej. Ta analiza może zostać wykorzystana zarówno w tworzeniu argumentu przeciw redukcyjnej koncepcji wartości ekonomicznej wiedzy naukowej, jak i wskazania pozytywnych przykładów współczesnych badań naukoznawczych, które spełniają postulaty Znanieckiego.
The paper reconstructs the argumentative line of F. Znaniecki determining the subject matter of science of science research and its consequent methodological characteristics. This analysis can be used both in supporting the argument against the reductive conception of economic value of scientifi c knowledge, as well as to select positive examples of contemporary science of science research that meet Znaniecki’s demands.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2016, 52, 1(207); 33-44
0044-1619
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ciężkie życie tradycyjnego (i dogmatycznego) metodologa
The hard life of a traditional (and dogmatic) methodologist
Autorzy:
Woleński, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691000.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy of science
methodology
Opis:
The paper contains some arguments against the article ”Philosophical Assumptions of Science. Cultural and Historical Perspective” of Magdalena Górna. The author argues that the formal methodology is – contrary to what Górna says in her paper – neither ”traditional” nor ”dogmatic”, and formulates some suggestions on his own view on the problem of the relations between science and philosophy.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2012, 51; 21-40
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od konfliktu do integracji. Historia i teologiczne uzasadnienie metodologicznej odrębności poznania wiary i rozumu
Autorzy:
Chyłka, Bartłomiej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/429143.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Fr. Wojciech Giertych
theology of science
methodology of science
reason and faith
Opis:
The history of relationship between faith and reason is marked by four modelsof the interaction between science and theology proposed by Ian G. Barbour:conflict, independence, dialogue and integration. Even if nineteenth-centurypositivism is still present in many scientists’ minds, philosophy of science eventuallymanaged to overcome it in the 1960s. A mutual distrust between faithand reason started to disappear. In this context Fr. Michał Heller presenteda project of a new discipline – the theology of science which would look at theboundaries of the natural sciences from the theological point of view. According to Fr. Wojciech Giertych the adequate model of relationship between faith andreason can be based theologically on Chalcedonian Christology of Jesus’ twonatures. Since reason and faith come together unconfusedly and inseparably ina human being, a mutual dialogue and even integration between theology andscience is by all means possible.
Źródło:
Semina Scientiarum; 2017, 16
1644-3365
Pojawia się w:
Semina Scientiarum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spór o status poznawczy hipotezy uszkodzeń reperfuzyjnych we współczesnej kardiologii
Controversy over the Cognitive Status of Lethal Reperfusion Injury Hypothesis in Contemporary Cardiology
Autorzy:
Rzepiński, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577843.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CARDIOLOGY
METHODOLOGY OF SCIENCE
PHILOSOPHY OF MEDICINE
REPERFUSION INJURY
Opis:
This article presents selected aspects of the discussion on the cognitive status of explanatory hypotheses that were formulated at the end of the 20th century in cardiology in relation to abnormal phenomena observed in clinical practice. The aim is to provide a critical analysis of the validation process for such hypotheses. We are going to point out how their formulation contributed to the creation of three dimensions of the dispute: methodological, ontological and pragmatic. We will argue for the two theses. Firstly, due to the non-falsifiability of formulated explanatory hypotheses an instrumental attitude was adopted. Secondly, it will be demonstrated that adopted cognitive attitudes influenced the evaluation of clinical situations, and as a result, they had an impact on the decision-making process.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2011, 47, 1(187); 87-112
0044-1619
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czy fizyczne teorie efektywne są wiarygodną strategią osiągnięcia teorii finalnej?
Are physical effective theories the reliable strategy for achieving certain knowledge?
Autorzy:
Szydłowski, Marek
Tambor, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690696.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
philosophy of science
methodology of science
effective theory
final theory
cosmology
approximated truth theories
Opis:
The paper presents the methodology of effective theories as a strategy used in the process of development of modern physics to reach a final theory. We present the definition and characteristic features of an effective theory, as well as the answer to the question of whether and what kind of scenario of reaching a final theory is realized by contemporary physics. We argue that the process of development of physics in the direction of a final theory is potentially final, i.e. expressible in the conceptual schema of effective theories and as such it is convergent to a final theory. In each effective theory there are physical constants, however, whose status differs from logical constants. They have a dimension (length, energy, etc.) and are used to compare physical quantities. The structure of relevant effective theory can be interpreted in the epistemological framework of approximated truth theory. In the case study of cosmological models, the sequence of models is convergent to potentially true model. The Standard Cosmological Model is the theory of the structure and dynamics of the Universe.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2020, 68; 79-116
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teplov as a popularizer of philosophy
Autorzy:
Drozdek, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/423300.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
Grigorii Teplov
methodology of science
ontology
epistemology
Wolff
Opis:
In 1751, Grigorii Teplov published his book that he considered to be an introduction to philosophy for the uninitiated. In the first part, Teplov introduced the reader to the subject of philosophy; however, Teplov concentrated on philosophy and methodology of science, thereby presenting a rather limited view of philosophy. In the second part, he presented the history of philosophy showing how inadequate his knowledge of the subject was. In the third part, he discussed some ontological and epistemological problems when in his presentation of several philosophical concepts basing his presentation largely on Wolff.
Źródło:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych; 2015, 27; 319-334
0860-4487
Pojawia się w:
IDEA. Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metody mieszane w kontekście procesu badawczego w naukoznawstwie
Mixed methods in the context of research process in science of science
Autorzy:
Kawalec, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metodologia
naukoznawstwo
metody mieszane
proces badawczy
methodology
science of science
mixed methods
research process
Opis:
Głównym tematem niniejszego artykułu, w kontekście najnowszych dyskusji w metodologii badań naukowych, jest charakterystyka podejścia badawczego, które pozwalałoby w adekwatny sposób prowadzić badania w zakresie naukoznawstwa. Trudność tkwi przede wszystkim w tym, że badania naukoznawcze obejmują zróżnicowane aspekty, które w bardziej tradycyjnym ujęciu odpowiadają konglomeratowi różnych dyscyplin, ale jednocześnie, oczekuje się – m.in. ze względu na rekomendacje na podstawie badań – że wynik będzie miał charakter spójny i jednolity. Tego rodzaju problem obserwuje się nie tylko w badaniach naukoznawczych, lecz – z uwagi na rosnącą złożoność podejść do przedmiotu badania – również w przypadku wielu dyscyplin w obrębie szeroko rozumianych badań społecznych. Artykuł zawiera przegląd zagadnień dotyczących jednej z nowszych propozycji metodologicznych rozwiązania powyżej zasygnalizowanego problemu – tzw. „metod mieszanych” – czyli podejścia stosującego w pojedynczym procesie badawczym różne metody badań w celu uzyskania spójnej i kompleksowej odpowiedzi na pytanie badawcze. Po ogólnej charakterystyce metod mieszanych oraz zarysowaniu dyskusji dotyczących ich podstaw, zaprezentowane są argumenty za oraz przeciw ich stosowaniu w badaniach, omówiona jest jedna z szerzej przyjętych typologii metod mieszanych, a także krótko przywołane są nieliczne przykłady badań naukoznawczych wykorzystujących to podejście.
The main topic of this article, within the context of the recent discussions in methodology of scientific research, is a research approach that would allow to adequately conduct science of science research. The difficulty lies primarily in the fact that the science of science research includes diverse aspects, which in more traditional terms corresponds to a conglomerate of different disciplines, but at the same time, it is expected – primarily in view of the subsequent recommendations based on the research results – that the obtained result will be integral i unified. This kind of problem does not concern the science of science research only, but – due to the increasing complexity of approaches to the subject of the study – occurs also in the case of many disciplines within the broadly defined social research. The article contains an overview of the issues relating to one of the newer methodological proposals to solve the above problem – the so-called “mixed-methods” – namely, an approach within a single research process applying different research methods in order to achieve an integral i comprehensive answer to the research question. After the general characteristics of mixed-methods, i outlining the discussions on their underlying paradigms, the arguments for i against their use are presented, i next – one of the more widely accepted typology of mixed-methods is discussed. The paper concludes with an overview of a few examples of science of science research using the mixed-methods approach.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa; 2014, 50, 1(199); 3-22
0044-1619
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Imperializm ekonomii
Economics imperialism
Autorzy:
Murak, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/570124.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
economics imperialism
theory of economics
social science
methodology of economics
unification
Opis:
In this paper we present the economics imperialism as an attempt to unify social sciences to the theory of economics. We show a lot of definitions of this phenomenon which are proposed in literature, but we point out that to some extent all highlight the issues of crossing of traditional boundaries of economics. Therefore, the definitions often accentuate an aggressive character of this process. In the next step, we present factors which allowed the emergence of the economics imperialism, such as the definition of economics proposed by Robbins, definitions of other social sciences and political factors. However, in the opinion of lot of researchers it was the unification of the science idea, as one of the “purest” goals of the scientific theorizing which was the most important. The influence of the last factor was reinforced also by the failure in finding of microfundaments of macroeconomics, that means internal unification of the economics. Trying to find an evidence of their advantage over heterodox schools, orthodox economists using tools, assumptions and methods which were characterisitc for them, started to analyse different non-market behaviours of people. We also distinguish two criteria of economics imperialism division. The first criterion concerns the subject of research or, in other words, a level of an analysis, so we distinguish the “into” and the “outside” economics imperialism. The aim of the “into” economics imperialism is to depart from traditional economic units and the analysis what these units are composed of and how they function, whereas the “outside” imperialism studies the phenomena of making decisions, which are not directly related to formal markets. The second criterion distinguishes the economics imperialism on the basis of methodologies. The old economics imperialism (the name of which arises from the fact that it was chronologically first, but this type of research is being continued) uses a methodology of the neoclassical economics, with the assumption of stability of preferences or effectiveness and market balance. Thus all areas of life are analysed as if they were markets. The main representative is G.S. Becker, who analyzed law this way. On the other hand the new economics imperialism is related to new institutional economics and its methodological approach. Thus, different behaviours of people are treated as a response to imperfections of markets. The main advocate of this approach is B. Fine. In the last part of the work we show that despite some success of economics imperialism such as finding new correlations or explaining some behaviours, it is criticised. Most of the criticism is related to the lack of satisfying the conditions of reasonable unification of science according to which first, a new, unified theory should explain all problems, which are explained by earlier theories and, second, phenomena which are discussed by this theory should result from the impact of the same real factors on them. Thus, t
Źródło:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku; 2014, 3(3); 113-126
2353-8929
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia XXI Wieku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O realistyczności założeń, falsyfikowalności hipotez i innych modernistycznych mitach współczesnej ekonomii
The realism of assumptions, falsifiability of hypotheses and other modernist myths of contemporary economics
Autorzy:
Scheuer, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434729.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
methodology of economics
philosophy of science
economic crisis
ontological realism
modernism
Opis:
In the face of the global economic crisis, there are many opinions according to which economics as a science needs major rebuilding. Usually, it is emphasized that it should not be developed by involving the construction of formal, mathematical models but that there is a need to improve the “realisticness” of analysis. Based on the analysis of a dispute between P. Krugman and J.H. Cochrane it can be said that the arguments which appear during the debate on the crisis are not new and confusingly similar to those that already appeared in the 30s and 70s of the last century. It should also be noted that both: the supporters of “realisticness” of economic analysis, as well as representatives of the mainstream formalism treat this crisis as a confirmation of the correctness of their theories and evidence of the weakness of the concepts proposed by their opponents. The article is placed in relation to the thesis that all the arguments that have emerged in the debate on the state of the economic theory after the crisis, contrary to appearances, do not bring anything new to the economic discourse and cannot lead to any solutions of the theoretical dispute, because all arguments are based on the same philosophical foundations. In other words it can be said that the basic problem of modern economics should not be considered as a weakness of theory, but as a weakness of philosophy common to all participants of the discourse. First of all, in fact, the arguments coming from both sides of the dispute seem to assume that the ultimate and decisive test of any theory is its confrontation with experience, the “facts”, whereby the test is perceived in terms of the correspondence theory of truth. This means that both: economists, whose views on the nature of the theory are similar to those presented by P. Krugman, as well as their opponents, who, like J.H. Cochrane recognize that any theoretical concepts should meet fairly strict formal requirements and finally take the form of (usually mathematicised) model, assume that carrying out such a test is possible firstly, and secondly, that it boils down to a comparison of propositions that make up the model/theory (assumptions and predictions, or only prediction) with the reality whose components are independent of theory and processes of cognition.
Źródło:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu; 2013, 4 (25); 64-76
2080-5977
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Value-free paradise is lost. Economists could learn from artists
Wolny od wartości raj został utracony. Ekonomiści mogli uczyć się od artystów
Autorzy:
Ostapiuk, Aleksander
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
philosophy of science
methodology of economics
value-free economics
Max Weber
Opis:
Despite the conclusions from the contemporary philosophy of science, many economists cherish the ideal of positive science. Therefore, value-free economics is still the central paradigm in economics. The first aim of the paper is to investigate economics’ axiomatic assumptions from an epistemological perspective. The critical analysis of the literature shows that the positive-normative dichotomy is exaggerated. Moreover, value-free economics is based on normative foundations that have a negative impact on individuals and society. The paper’s second aim is to show that economics’ normativity is not a problem because the discussion concerning values is possible and unavoidable. In this context, Weber and other methodologists are investigated. The conclusion of the paper is that science can thrive without strict methodological rules thanks to institutional mechanisms. Therefore, economists could learn from artists who accept the world without absolute rules. This perspective opens the possibility for methodological pluralism and normative approaches.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2020, 23, 4; 7-33
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Krytyczne momenty w ekspertyzach z obszaru oceny technologii z perspektywy metodologicznej
Critical moments in technology assessment expertise from a methodological perspective
Autorzy:
Michalski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/324679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
ocena technologii
filozofia nauki
metodologia nauk
nauka postnormalna
interdyscyplinarność
technology assessment
foresight
philosophy of science
methodology of science
post-normal science
mode-2-science
interdisciplinarity
Opis:
W składającym się z trzech części artykule poruszono podstawowe zagadnienia metodologiczne oceny technologii. Szczególną uwagę skupiono na metodologicznych słabościach i krytycznych momentach procesów poznawczych konstytuujących ocenę technologii. W obszernym wprowadzeniu zwrócono uwagę na coraz bardziej inflacyjne użycie określenia „technology assessment” oraz głęboki metodologiczny niedorozwój i rozmytą tożsamość oceny technologii jako dziedziny „postnormal science”. Wykazano pilną potrzebę zbudowania ogólnej teorii oceny technologii i standaryzacji jej procedur. W części drugiej scharakteryzowano ogólny profil metodologiczny oceny technologii i omówiono główne przyczyny problemów z jej teoretycznym i metodologicznym samookreśleniem. W części trzeciej przedstawiono podstawową strukturę procesu poznawczego typowego dla oceny technologii, wskazano na czynniki determinujące tą strukturę oraz zidentyfikowano w niej szereg krytycznych momentów. Są one związane ze złożonością przedmiotu i trudnościami w jej opanowywaniu, z prospektywną orientacją i niepewnością prognoz, z brakiem odpowiedniego arsenału metod roboczych i kryteriów jakościowych regulujących ich stosowanie, ograniczeniami zasobowymi i presją czasu wynikającą z powiązania oceny technologii z politycznymi procesami decyzyjnymi oraz problemami z praktyczną realizacją interdyscyplinarności. W zakończeniu zwrócono uwagę na konieczność powiązania krytycznych momentów na płaszczyźnie kognitywnej z krytycznymi momentami na płaszczyźnie aksjonormatywnej, które wymagają podobnego zbadania.
This three-part article discusses the basic methodological issues of technology assessment. Special attention was paid to the methodological weaknesses and critical moments of cognitive processes which constitute the technology assessment. In the extensive introduction the increasingly inflationary use of the term "technology assessment", the deep methodological underdevelopment and blurred identity of technology assessment as "post-normal science" were highlighted. An urgent need to build a general theory of technology assessment and standardization of its procedures were pointed out. In the second part the general methodological profile of technology assessment was characterized and the main causes of problems with its theoretical and methodological self-definition were described. In part three the basic structure of the cognitive process typical for technology assessment was showed, factors which determine this structure were identified, and a number of its critical moments were indicated. They are related to the complexity of the subject and the difficulties in mastering it, with the prospective orientation and uncertainty of forecasts, the lack of appropriate arsenal of methods and quality parameters controlling their use, resource limits and time pressure resulting from linking technology assessment with political decision-making processes and problems with practical realization of interdisciplinarity. In the end, the attention was paid to necessity of connecting critical moments on a cognitive ground and critical moments at the axionormative ground, which require similar research.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2018, 115; 235-259
1641-3466
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czym jest teologia mediów? Sonda naukowa
What the Theology of Mass Media Is? Scientific Probe
Autorzy:
Chrostowski, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1202428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie. Wydział Teologiczny
Tematy:
Theology of media
Media science
Methodology
Teologia mediów
Medioznawstwo
Metodologia
Źródło:
Kultura – Media – Teologia; 2015, 20; 25 - 34
2081-8971
Pojawia się w:
Kultura – Media – Teologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MIGRACJE W ANALIZIE POLITOLOGICZNEJ - NIEWYKORZYSTANY POTENCJAŁ
MIGRATION IN CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL ANALYSIS - AN UNUSED POTENTIAL
Autorzy:
Lesińska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/579815.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
MIGRATION STUDIES
POLITICAL SCIENCE
METHODOLOGY OF MIGRATION RESEARCH
MIGRATION POLICY
Opis:
The article attempts to summarize the methods, approaches and analytical framework used in the discipline of migration studies and political science. The main thesis developed in the text refers to the great potential of political analysis which is unused by migration researchers in Poland. The main questions put in the article are as follows: what issues related to migration processes should be a subject of special interest of political scientists in Poland?What approaches and research methods used in modern political analysis seem to be the most promising in the migration studies? What new trends and fields evolve which combine both disciplines of migration studies and political sciences? The article portraits the potential of modern political analysis in migration studies and formulates the postulate of continuous intentional interdisciplinary approach.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2012, 38, 2(144); 207-244
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O metodzie idealizacji i konkretyzacji w filozofii politycznej liberalizmu
Autorzy:
Ciesielski, Mieszko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/631041.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
idealisational theory of science
methodology
liberalism
political philosophy
theoretical modelling
Opis:
In the article, I introduce the interpretation of selected concepts of liberalist think-ers in the perspective of idealisational theory of science, expounded by Piotr Przybysz in the book entitled “Modele teoretyczne we współczesnej filozofii politycznej liberalizmu (Theoretical models in the contemporary political philosophy of liberalism)”. With this purpose in mind, I characterise the fundamental tenets of idealisation and concretisation methodology and quote the principal argumentation threads of Przy-bysz’s for the sake of a thesis that the method of conceptualisation employed by John Rawls, Robert Nozick, James Buchanan and Gordon Tullock may be defined as idealisa-tion of reality. Moreover, I present an attempt at alternative interpretation of Nozick’s vision of socio-political dynamics in the light of idealisational theory of science.
Źródło:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia; 2011, 3; 107-131
2082-5951
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europaea Gnesnensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Historia sztuki w polu metodologii. Aktualne problemy i wyzwania
Art History in the Field of Methodology. Current Problems and Challenges
Autorzy:
Czekalski, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32352273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
art history
scientific knowledge
methodology
theory
philosophy of science
structuralism
Opis:
At the end of the 20th century, the theory of art history shifted from the area of methodology understood as a normative field of the philosophy of science to the area of the social practice of constructing knowledge. The term “art historical methodology” itself became trivialized when its meaning was detached from the horizon of epistemology and became extremely inclusive, encompassing all methods practised in the discipline, with a method being considered to be the use of any theory as a tool of interpretation. As a consequence, the basic problem of scientific methodology, which is the critical assessment of explanatory and interpretive theories due to the value of their justification, is not addressed in the self-reflection of contemporary art history. The retreat from the rigors of methodology was related to the reception of structuralism, initiated by Ernst Gombrich in the book Art and Illusion. Popper’s model of situational logic as a method of historical explanation of works of art was transformed into a structuralist model, referring to constant rules of pictorial representation, symbolization and communication. Michael Fried and Norman Bryson formulated their own theories of invariant rules defining the necessary initial conditions for the formation and reception of pictures, so that individual works could be interpreted in terms of these rules and, as a result, confirm the general theory, which created a vicious circle. Structuralist theories did not function as hypotheses requiring critical testing, but as interpretive codes that served to read each work of art within their own conceptual system. The next step in the process of the reception of structuralism was the development of theories defining general rules that would govern the discursive practice of art history, and the detection of which at the basis of this practice would discredit or invalidate its epistemological dimension. Hayden White’s narrativism was the theory that historical discourse is subject to narrative conventions, not to the laws of logic and the rigors of methodology that serve to limit the pool of alternative explanations or interpretations. This theory was intended to justify the pluralism of equal versions of history as a politically correct idea, appropriate for a “democratic” model of knowledge. Theorists developing White’s theses in the field of art history claimed that the discursive practice of this discipline was not governed by methodological rules but by political motivations (Keith Moxey) or aesthetic principles of artwriting (David Carrier). After the phase of open denial of the dependence of the art history discourse on methodology, the theory of the discipline turned into an analysis of techniques for building this discourse, which no longer included methodological issues, as in James Elkins’ book Our Beautiful, Dry, and Distant Texts. A critical review of theories separating art history from methodology leads to the conclusion that they are untenable. It is impossible to maintain the scientific status of our discipline without respecting the principles of methodology founded in the contemporary philosophy of science.
Źródło:
Artium Quaestiones; 2023, 34; 293-336
0239-202X
Pojawia się w:
Artium Quaestiones
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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