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Wyszukujesz frazę "mental imagery" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
Tytuł:
Aphantasia and the Language of Imagination: A Wittgensteinian Exploration
Autorzy:
Fox-Muraton, Mélissa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1621449.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-09-27
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
aphantasia
mental imagery
language games
imagination
Wittgenstein
Opis:
Congenital aphantasia, or the complete absence of mental imagery, is a topic that has recently aroused the interest of researchers in many fields including philosophy, psychology and cognitive sciences. While it is generally supposed that we all have rich mental lives full of imaged representations, estimates suggest 2-3% of the population may have never formed an image or seen ‘in the mind’s eye.’ This paper aims to address the scepticism surrounding aphantasia, the challenges in communicating about mental imagery, and the research methods used in cognitive sciences today through the lens of Wittgenstein’s philosophy. The paper argues that 1) communicating about mental imagery involves language games that persons with aphantasia may not be able to play (i.e., makes reference to expressions and concepts that are meaningless for them, such as ‘visualise,’ ‘form an image,’ etc.); 2) that as a consequence aphantasia, in present research, is only describable negatively (as lack or incapacity); 3) that rather than a cognitive or a psychological issue, aphantasia should be understood as a grammatical one; and 4) that we need to invent new language games in order to come to a better understanding of conditions such as aphantasia, and to be able to appreciate the rich diversity and variability of human experience.
Źródło:
Analiza i Egzystencja; 2021, 55; 5-24
1734-9923
2300-7621
Pojawia się w:
Analiza i Egzystencja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mental Imagery in Bertrand Russells Nobel Lecture What Desires Are Politically Important?
Wyobraźnia mentalna w wykładzie noblowskim Bertranda Russela "Jakie pragnienia są ważne politycznie?"
Autorzy:
Biskub, Iryna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1853951.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Chełmie
Tematy:
cognitive processing
mental imagery
desires
Bertrand Russell
przetwarzanie poznawcze
wyobrażenia umysłu
pragnienia
Opis:
The article presents the analysis of the mental images of human desires and their verbalization techniques involved in Bertrand Russell's Nobel lecture delivered in 1950. Human desires are non-material mental constructs that are not clearly dened in the dictionaries, their verbalization being complicated by the issues related to rationality, psychology of thinking, objectivity, and the variability of individual behavioral reactions. The results of the research suggest that the verbalization of desires is essentially complicated by social and cultural stereotypes. It has been noted that storytelling can be applied as one of the most eective techniques to create the required mental imagery of desires in the recipient's mind. B. Russell's unique manner of dening such politically important desires as acquisitiveness, vanity, glory, love of power, excitement is carefully analyzed. The use of gurative language as well as conceptual and stylistic metaphors that facilitate the process of shaping mental images of desires have also been the focus of my attention. Special consideration has been given to the analysis of the verbalization means of the politically important desires.
Źródło:
Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal; 2021, 1, 1; 85-97
2450-3576
2719-3217
Pojawia się w:
Language. Culture. Politics. International Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of mental imagery and stress management training in the performance of female swimmers
Autorzy:
Yadolahzadeh, Ahdiyeh
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1491314.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10-21
Wydawca:
Atena Research Association
Tematy:
Mental imagery;
Stress management;
Female athletes.
Palabras clave: imagen mental
manejo del estrés
atletas
Opis:
Objectives: The purpose of this research was to study the role of mental imagery and stress management training in the performance of female swimmers. Methods: The present study included 30 female amateur swimmers (age range 12-15 years) of the swimming team of Zahedan (Iran). A total of 15 swimmers were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the other 15 to the control group. The experimental group received mental imagery and stress management training. Stress management was assessed with the Short Form of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), mental imagery was evaluated with the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R), and swimming performance swimming front crawl 25 meters. Findings: After the intervention program, the participants of the experimental group significantly improved their DASS-21 scores (mean difference between pre-test and post-test = 4.37), their MIQ-R scores (mean difference between pre-test and post-test = 4.54) and their swimming performance (mean difference between pre-test and post-test = 0.83 seconds). Conclusions: Mental imagery and stress management training can significantly improve the performance of female swimmers. These results should be considered by swimmers and coaches and should be applied to swimming training.  
Źródło:
Atena Journal of Sports Sciences; 2021, 3; 1-1
2695-4486
Pojawia się w:
Atena Journal of Sports Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mental imagery and spatio-temporal continuity: Evidence from the function of the hippocampal formation
Autorzy:
Kocsis, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199957.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
hippocampus
grid cells
mental imagery
place cells
spatio-temporal continuity
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to suggest a novel account of mental imagery according to which mental images are not a-temporal picture-like representations, but processes characterized by their spatio-temporal continuity. Evidence based in particular on recent advances in understating the functional role of the hippocampal formation in cognition and spatial coding is provided. Under this account, mental images are a pervasive form of cognition that is supported by the complex interaction of the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex, encompassing cognitive functions such as navigation, episodic memory, as well as mental rotation and scanning. The functional role of the hippocampus is twofold: it forms elements of spatio-temporal continuity and re-combines them in novel ways in the process of scene reconstruction that underpins various forms of spatial cognition.
Źródło:
Avant; 2019, 10, 2
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mental imagery practice as a therapy for naming impairments: a preliminary study
Autorzy:
Bhatnagar, Subhash
Patek, Bridget
Khan-Ansari, Yasmeen
Bansal, Naveen
Buckingham, Hugh
Hacein-Bey, Lotfi
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106147.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-05
Wydawca:
Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
Tematy:
Anomia
errorful and errorless learning
mental imagery practice
neuroplasticity
Opis:
Anomia remains one of the most recalcitrant linguistic disruptions in aphasia to treat. Developing successful interventions to address the word-finding deficits are complicated by the post-stroke symptom variability and inconsistent recovery patterns associated with anomia. Most of the current treatment methods, with a focus on specific compensating techniques and the repetitive practice of a limited set of items, have had variable success in naming treatment. However, it has not been possible to predict the gains in generalizing the learning beyond the stimuli used in practice or the controlled clinical setting. In this preliminary case study, we explore the value of a novel treatment concept, grounded in centuries of cognitive-perceptual exercises in mindfulness training. It incorporates the practice of mental imagery and focused attention to remedy the broken phonological assembly patterns found in word finding deficits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effectiveness of practicing the repeated activation of mental imagery of concrete objects as a therapeutic tool for repairing disorders of lexical retrieval in a subject with chronic moderate to severe word-finding deficits. This trial treatment was used to assist a right-handed, 68-year old educated male with a two-and-a-half years post-onset chronic severe aphasia (anomic type) secondary to a left hemispheric infarct. Two five-week long training protocols involving common (typical) and uncommon (less typical) categories of pictured objects were used for treating anomia. The first trial involved the blocked presentation of stimuli; the second trial, undertaken a year after, included a random presentation of stimuli. It was found that the impact was manifested in three ways: (1) an improved verbal naming of the treated objects; (2) retention of therapeutic gains by a successful generalization to untreated similar lexical items; and (3) importantly, serendipitous gains in the ability to concurrently write the names of the pictured objects. The post-treatment data on all blocked lexical trials, and some random lexical trials, were found to be significant on the Fisher’s exact test. The use of the visual mental imagery-based therapy had a positive impact on the partial restoration of the subject’s naming.
Źródło:
Acta Neuropsychologica; 2019, 17(3); 311-327
1730-7503
2084-4298
Pojawia się w:
Acta Neuropsychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mental majorization of figures tactilely explored by sighted and congenitally blind individuals
Autorzy:
Szubielska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-05
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
blind vs. sighted individuals
imagery
mental scaling
Opis:
The study focused on the recognition of tactile figures by blind and sighted individuals. The findings allow the conclusion that, while visualizing shapes explored by touch, sighted individuals retain the size of the objects in their working memory and while comparing figures of various sizes they perform the process of mental scaling. By contrast, the size of objects does not seem to be of significance in mental representations created by blind individuals.
Źródło:
Roczniki Psychologiczne; 2015, 18, 1; 121-132
1507-7888
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Psychologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Poskromić przyszłość? Myśli, marzenia i wyobraźnia w książce „Los indomables pensamientos del señor O” Amali Boselli i Vero Gatti
Autorzy:
Stępień, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/694937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Ludoznawcze
Tematy:
argentyńska literatura dziecięca
orientacja temporalna
Poulet
Rousseau
obraz mentalny
marzenie dzienne
nauki kognitywne
Argentine children’s literature
future orientation
mental imagery
daydreaming
cognitive sciences
Opis:
The paper focuses on the Argentine picture book for children by Amalia Boselli and Vero Gatti titled Los indomables pensamientos del Señor O from 2013. It is suggested to analyze the text with respect to Rousseau’s philosophical reflections on time and dreaming as seen by Poulet, and on the basis of the future orientation paradigm and the concept of daydreaming studied from the psychological perspective. The research revolves around the relationship between the main character’s mental imagery and his perception of the future, with regards to actions he undertakes. Over time, Mr. O’s thinking process becomes dominated by the anticipatory imagination which deprives him of boundless creativity experienced in childhood. Eventually the protagonist’s journey ends with the triumph of creative imagination. It is through numerous references to the emotionality and sensuality - present at both verbal and visual levels - that the text by Boselli and Gatti intensifies a singular reading experience. Thus, despite several simplifications and generalizations, it opens up to the individualized (child and adult) reader response.
Praca poświęcona jest analizie argentyńskiej książki obrazkowej dla dzieci Amalii Boselli i Vero Gatti pt. „Los indomables pensamientos del Señor O„ („Nieposkromione myśli Pana O”) z 2013 roku. Proponuje się odczytanie historii tytułowego bohatera w odniesieniu do refleksji filozoficznych Rousseau na temat czasu i marzenia w interpretacji Pouleta, a także w oparciu o paradygmat orientacji temporalnej i wizję marzenia dziennego z perspektywy psychologicznej. Artykuł bada związek między obrazami mentalnymi głównego bohatera a jego postrzeganiem przyszłości i podejmowanymi działaniami. W miarę upływu czasu w procesie myślenia Pana O dominować zaczyna wyobraźnia antycypacyjna, przesłaniająca mu potencję nieograniczonej kreatywności z czasów dzieciństwa. Celem podróży postaci jest zwycięstwo wyobraźni twórczej. To poprzez liczne odwołania do emocjonalności i zmysłowości – zarówno w warstwie werbalnej jak i wizualnej – tekst Boselli i Gatti intensyfikuje towarzyszące każdej lekturze sensualne czytelniczego doświadczenie. Tym samym, pomimo obecnych w opowieści uproszczeń i generalizacji, otwiera się na zindywidualizowany odbiór, dziecięcy czy dorosły.
Źródło:
Literatura Ludowa; 2019, 63, 2
2544-2872
0024-4708
Pojawia się w:
Literatura Ludowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Skillful Disposition and Responsiveness in Mental Imagery
Autorzy:
An, Christopher Joseph
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200236.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
Wittgenstein
mental imagery
conceptual capacities
visual affordances
acquired dispositions
Opis:
This paper aims to explore and expand on Wittgenstein’s remarks on the nature of mental imagery. Despite some rather cryptic passages and obvious objections, his notion of mental imagery as possessing a constitutive (and not merely added) element of expressive thought and conceptuality offers critical insights linking perceptual capacities with our shared practices. In particular I seek to further develop Wittgenstein’s claim that perceptual impressions presuppose a “mastery of a technique.” I argue that this sense of technique, understood as acquired conceptual capacities, can explain and capture the rich and varied spectrum of expressive visual content that can be accessed by human beings initiated and embedded in a variety of shared practices. Using Gilbert Ryle’s account of dispositions, I cash out the notion of acquired conceptual capacities as spanning a wide latitude of responsive dispositions from mere “blind” visual habits to more normatively-guided, intelligent, and deliberately-trained visual “skills.” Visual impressions construed as such are hardly perceptually (nor representationally) univocal and instead exhibit a dynamic and reflexive plurivocity manifested through one’s initiation into shared practices and forms of life. This plurivocity makes possible a rich array of visual affordances that would otherwise not be accessible outside the context of a shared practice. This suggests that human beings possess a distinctive kind of expressive and responsive intelligence which picks out visual affordances determined not so much by a merely receptive perceptual faculty but by the subject’s skillful, active, and responsive engagement with the world.
Źródło:
Avant; 2019, 10, 2
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Why Successful Performance in Imagery Tasks Does Not Require the Manipulation of Mental Imagery
Autorzy:
Park, Thomas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
mental imagery
mental rotation
aphantasia
pain
unconscious imagery
Opis:
Nanay (2017) argues for unconscious mental imagery, inter alia based on the assumption that successful performance in imagery tasks requires the manipulation of mental imagery. I challenge this assumption with the help of results presented in Shepard and Metzler (1971), Zeman et al. (2010), and Keogh and Pearson (2018). The studies suggest that imagery tasks can be successfully performed by means of cognitive/propositional strategies which do not rely on imagery.
Źródło:
Avant; 2019, 10, 2
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola doświadczenia wzrokowego w procesie majoryzacji i minoryzacji wyobrażeniowej. Raport z badań uczniów niewidzących
The role of visual experience in mental majorization and minorization. Report on a study on blind learners
Autorzy:
Szubielska, Magdalena
Marek, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2014027.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
majoryzacja wyobrażeniowa
minoryzacja wyobrażeniowa
niewidzący uczniowie
wizualizacja
wyobraźnia przestrzenna
mental majorization
mental minorization
blind students
visualization
spatial imagery
Opis:
Wiadomo, że możliwość wizualizacji wyobrażeń, związana z posiadaniem wspomnień wzrokowych, pomaga osobom niewidzącym w wykonywaniu wielu zadań, w które zaangażowana jest wyobraźnia przestrzenna. W dwóch eksperymentach z udziałem uczniów niewidzących sprawdzano, jakie znaczenie ma możliwość wizualizacji wyobrażeń dla zdolności wykonywania operacji zmiany wielkości obiektów w wyobraźni. Zgodnie z hipotezami niewidomi od urodzenia (H1) popełniają większy błąd powiększając w wyobraźni obiekty (eksperyment 1: majoryzacja wyobrażeniowa) oraz (H2) w mniejszym stopniu pomniejszają oddalający się w wyobraźni przedmiot (eksperyment 2: minoryzacja wyobrażeniowa), niż uczniowie niewidzący posiadający wspomnienia wzrokowe. Hipoteza pierwsza została częściowo potwierdzona. Uczniowie niewidomi od urodzenia wykazywali tendencję do większego przeszacowywania wysokości powiększonych w wyobraźni, dotykanych uprzednio przedmiotów, niż uczniowie niewidzący posiadający wspomnienia wzrokowe. Hipoteza druga nie uzyskała poparcia empirycznego – obydwie badane grupy w porównywalnym stopniu pomniejszały w wyobraźni oddalający się od nich przedmiot.
It has been confirmed that the ability to visualize images, attributed to memories of visual experience, helps blind persons perform a wide range of tasks engaging spatial imagery. Two experiments involving totally blind students tested the importance of the ability to visualize images for accuracy of mental operation of enlarging or reducing the size of objects. It was hypothesized that congenitally blind persons commit a greater error than those retaining visual memory (H1) in enlarging objects (Experiment 1: mental majorization), and (H2) in reducing the size of objects imagined to be moving away (Experiment 2: mental minorization). The first hypothesis was partly confirmed. Students blind since birth showed a tendency to overestimate the size of objects which they explored manually and then mentally enlarged than those with no memories of visual experience. The second hypothesis was not confirmed – both groups made comparable mental resizing of objects imagined to be moving away.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica; 2015, 19; 79-88
2353-4842
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Psychologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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