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    Tytuł:
    WSPÓŁCZESNA ARCHITEKTURA W HISTORYCZNYM KRAJOBRAZIE MIAST ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA
    CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE IN THE HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE OF WORLD HERITAGE CITIES
    Autorzy:
    Piotrowska-Nosek, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/538372.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
    Tematy:
    współczesna architektura
    konferencja naukowa
    Vienna Memorandum
    historyczny krajobraz miejski
    memorandum wiedeńskie
    Opis:
    From the 12th to the 14th of May, 2005, there was a conference on the subject of contemporary construction in historic urban landscapes: “World Heritage and Contemporary Architecture – Managing the Historic Urban Landscape”. During the meetings the memorandum “World Heritage and Contemporary Architecture – Managing the Historic Urban Landscape”, otherwise known as the Vienna Memorandum, was presented, which invokes the Venice Charter and other international documents which relate to the protection of historic monuments, environmental protection and lasting development. The objective of the memorandum was to summarize experiences and outline movements in conservation activities in World Heritage cities. In the discussions it was stated that a strategic approach, in creating plans for administration and local legal decisions which are supported by thorough knowledge about the place and its context, as well as consideration of contemporary mechanisms for economic and social development, will allow for the attainment of the established goals. The Vienna Memorandum will be presented to the World Heritage Committee for approval and introduction. Information about the conference, accompanied by the presentation of the text of the memorandum, can be found on the Internet at the following address: www.worldheritage2005.at
    Źródło:
    Ochrona Zabytków; 2005, 2; 100-106
    0029-8247
    Pojawia się w:
    Ochrona Zabytków
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Czy konieczna aktywność NATO w Europie?
    Do the NATO Activity Is Really Necessary in Europe?
    Autorzy:
    Jakubczak, Ryszard
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483862.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu i Przedsiębiorczości w Ostrowcu Świętokrzyskim
    Tematy:
    NATO
    Europa
    bezpieczeństwo
    Memorandum Budapeszteńskie
    Europe
    security
    Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances
    Opis:
    Temat artykułu dotyczy ogólnej problematyki potrzeby obecności i aktywności NATO na Starym Kontynencie w perspektywie dotychczasowych działań i zmieniającego się układu geopolitycznego. Artykuł podnosi kwestię zmian uwarunkowań militarnych, politycznych i gospodarczych, jakie zaszły w krajach Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej od początku XXI wieku w dużo szerszym, historycznym kontekście. Podejmowane problemy dotyczą również rolę wiarygodnych i odpowiednio zawieranych sojuszy militarno-politycznych w perspektywie zapewnienia bezpieczeństwa Polski.
    The main thesis of the article applies to the general issues of NATO’s presence and activity in Europe in the perspective of previous activities and the changing of the geopolitical system. The article raises the issue of the changes of the military, political and economic considerations that have taken place in the Central and Eastern Europe countries since the beginning of the 21st Century in a much broader historical context. The problems issued in the article concern the role of reliable and properly concluded military-political alliances in view of ensuring the security of Poland.
    Źródło:
    Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem; 2015, 1(3); 43-62
    2353-6306
    Pojawia się w:
    Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Romana Knolla oceny przeszłości i wizje przyszłości
    Autorzy:
    Bartoszewicz, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/608242.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    polityka zagraniczna
    sprawy narodowościowe
    prometeizm
    polskie państwo podziemne
    memorandum
    Opis:
    The article focuses on studies and memorials by Roman Knoll concerning international affairs, Polish foreign policy, and national problems, written between March 1939 and April 1944. Assessments of Polish inter-war and wartime foreign policy, contained in those documents, and proposals regarding some of its post–war currents deserve special attention. Numerous theses proposed by Knoll should be regarded as extremely apt. It would be difficult, for instance, to disagree with his opinion about asymmetrical Warsaw–Berlin and Warsaw–Moscow relations, revealing a distinct advantage in favour of the former. Apparently, in the spring of 1939 Knoll, in contrast to other observers, perceived the possibility of a German–Soviet alliance, which at the time posed the greatest threat to Poland.Within Polish eastern policies this outstanding diplomat regarded as essential support for the liberation of nations dominated by Russia and the construction around the latter’s borders of independent national states. He espoused the creation of an independent Ukrainian state, but at the time of the war opposed embarking upon a discussion about “great Ukraine”. In doing so, Knoll stressed that while considering the Lithuanian, Byelorussian or Ukrainians questions Poland should remain concerned predominantly with the integrity of its territory. Even in April 1944, when he admitted to the possibility of Poland accepting concessions concerning the eastern frontier, he treated such a solution as a necessary evil and was well aware of the fact that the Soviet Union remained a hazard to the independence and sovereignty of the Polish Republic.Knoll presented reliable accounts of the wartime situation of the Jewish population on Polish lands and depicted the extermination of the Jews in terrains included into the Third Reich and the territory of the Generalgouvernement. At the same time, he wrote about the Soviet occupant’s better treatment of the Jews than of the Poles and the Ukrainians. In the prevailing situation it was difficult to accept his projects concerning a post-war resettlement of the Jews to a state specially created for them, but the Polish diplomat was by no means the sole politician who at the time wrote and spoke about this issue.
    Źródło:
    Dzieje Najnowsze; 2016, 48, 4
    0419-8824
    Pojawia się w:
    Dzieje Najnowsze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Defending the ‘Sacrilege against the Homeland’: The Romanian Legal Elite in Hungary on the Benches of the Memorandum Trial (1894)
    Autorzy:
    Iudean, Ovidiu Emil
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601639.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    legal elites
    Dualist Hungary
    Memorandum trial
    nineteenth century
    Romanian national movement
    Opis:
    An integral part in the nation-building processes unfolding in the Austrian-Hungarian monarchy was the formation of specific elite segments that could shepherd various ethnic or confessional communities towards modernity or help to preserve their national existence in the face of de-nationalising policies. Over time, the establishment of a legal elite – graduates of law academies and faculties – assumed an increasingly important role, especially for national minorities. The present paper attempts to tally the results of the collective endeavour on the part of the Romanians in Dualist Hungary to forge this elite segment by focusing on the swansong moment of Romanian petitioning, the Memorandum trial of 1894. It examines the impromptu selection of local members of the Romanian legal elite in Hungary, occasioned by the need to defend the leadership of the Romanian national movement in the courtroom, and discusses their educational and professional backgrounds. It also shines a light on the contrary positions taken by other members of the national leadership – also a segment of this legal elite – and the ensuing conflicts between and among the national leadership as both groups tried in their own way to defend the Romanian national movement.
    Źródło:
    Acta Poloniae Historica; 2020, 121
    0001-6829
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Poloniae Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Indirect praetorianism: the case of Turkeys military
    Pretorianizm niebezpośredni: przypadek tureckich sił zbrojnych
    Autorzy:
    Shpak, Valerij
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29551598.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
    Tematy:
    praetorianism
    coup
    guardian
    intervention
    e-memorandum
    pretorianizm
    zamach stanu
    rola strażnika
    interwencja
    Opis:
    Based on a case analysis of the Turkish military interfering on 27 April 2007 in the presidential elections, the article seeks to analyse the mechanisms of indirect interventions and contribute a new perspective to the analysis of praetorianism. The study found that the military intervention that took the shape of an e-memorandum of 27 April 2007 was a form of veto coup that is often used by the guardian-type military. In this paper, the subjects of direct non-violent intervention, their methods, as well as negative consequences for the military environment have been identified. The presented analysis of modern forms of praetorianism focuses on such forms of indirect actions of the military in which it is difficult to identify the interests of the military or see an increase in its political influence.
    Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przeanalizowanie mechanizmów niebezpośrednich interwencji wojska oraz wniesienie nowej perspektywy do badań zjawiska pretorianizmu w oparciu o studium przypadku ingerencji tureckich sił zbrojnych w wybory prezydenckie 27 kwietnia 2007. Wykazano w nim, że interwencja wojskowa w formie e-memorandum z 27 kwietnia 2007 była formą prewencyjnego zamachu stanu, często przeprowadzanego przez siły zbrojne pełniące w państwie rolę „strażnika”. W pracy zidentyfikowano podmioty bezpośredniej interwencji bez użycia przemocy, stosowane przez nie metody oraz negatywne konsekwencje dla środowiska wojskowego. Przedstawiona analiza nowoczesnych form pretorianizmu skupia się na tych formach działań niebezpośrednich wojska, w których trudno jest zidentyfikować jego interesy albo dostrzec wzrost jego wpływów politycznych.
    Źródło:
    Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2022, 54, 4(206); 624-638
    2544-7122
    2545-0719
    Pojawia się w:
    Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Political Dialogue between the European Parliament and the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (Institutional Capacity, Inter-Parliamentary Communication, New Format of Intercommunication)
    Autorzy:
    Vahniak, Halyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519808.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
    Tematy:
    European Parliament
    European Union
    Verkhovna Rada
    parliamentary dialogue
    Parliamentary Committee of the Association
    memorandum
    resolution
    Opis:
    The article deals with the research of cooperation and political dialogue between the European Parliament and the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Parliamentary dialogue holds one of the key places in the system of foreign policy. The paper determines that cooperation with the European Parliament will contribute to enhancement of the institutional capacity of the Verkhovna Rada, quality of the legislative process and legislation, of Ukrainian parliamentarism, extension of communication, and facilitate interaction with the public. Regarding the latest news, it appears that cooperation with the legislative body of the European Union has strengthened and moved to a new format of intercommunication.
    Źródło:
    Historia i Polityka; 2017, 20(27); 79-88
    1899-5160
    2391-7652
    Pojawia się w:
    Historia i Polityka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mroczne strony najnowszych form walki z podrobionymi towarami i piractwem markowym – zasądzanie odszkodowań, penalizacja czy samoregulacja?
    Autorzy:
    Król-Bogomilska, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899250.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-01-23
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    counterfeit goods
    brand piracy
    trademark
    industrial property
    intellectual property
    unfair competition
    agreement
    Memorandum of Understanding
    self-regulation
    Opis:
    The article deals with the methods of combating the trade in counterfeit goods and brand piracy. In the current situation, especially when reports about the growing wave of trade in counterfeit goods and brand piracy also fully apply to the Polish market, there is no doubt that all the authorities operating in Poland whose scope of tasks includes activities in the field of preventing and combating such violations should actively contribute to the implementation of plans and initiatives undertaken at the EU level, referred to in part IV of this article. For many years, the European Commission has been generating various documents that are worth using, but when it comes to concrete methods – the Commission has for years been constantly “announcing” the future creation of a “toolbox” to fight this type of infringement. The article (in parts V and VI) also mentions “self-regulation” – as a new method of combating counterfeiting and brand piracy – in the light of actions taken at the EU level. The basis of this new method is the document referred to as the “Memorandum of Understanding on the Sale of Counterfeit Goods via the Internet” of May 4, 2011 (the 2016 version is currently in use). This document is defined as the voluntary agreement supported by the European Commission between the largest online platforms, suppliers, sellers and rights owners of goods whose counterfeit and pirated versions are sold on the Internet. The article presents the assumptions and principles of the functioning of this agreement in the field of “self-regulation” consisting in the cooperation of the signatories of this agreement, in particular based on the exchange of information on cases of violations and procedures to counter them (as part of quarterly meetings of these entrepreneurs “under the auspices of the European Commission”). The descriptions of the functioning of this agreement presented in the periodical documents published by the Commission contain both positive and negative evaluations. In particular, the article mentions that a large group of rights holders have pointed out that many offers of counterfeit goods are still available on online markets. These signatories consider that cooperation and information exchange with online platforms are insufficient for the commitments made under the “self-regulation” agreement and that the level of counterfeit goods is still too high. Descriptions of the agreement’s principles of operation and of assessments contained in the published documents prompted the author to pose numerous questions regarding the fundamental issues requiring clarification if the agreement is to continue to be in power in its current form. One of the questions concerns the verification by the European Commission (under the “auspices” of which this agreement is functionning) of the content of information exchanged by the signatories of the agreement from the point of view of compliance with the antimonopoly law which prohibits competition-restricting agreements.
    Źródło:
    Studia Iuridica; 2022, 93; 124-156
    0137-4346
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Methods of port state control assessment of ships flying a specific flag
    Autorzy:
    Walczak, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359626.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    Paris Memorandum of Understanding
    inspections of Port State Control
    blacklist
    grey list
    white list
    methods of calculation
    risk
    Opis:
    This study discusses the principles and methods of assessment based on Port State Control inspections of various flag ships. These inspections are aimed at checking to what extent international convention requirements concerning navigational safety and marine environment protection are fulfilled. This study makes use of annual statistical reports of the Paris Memorandum of Understanding, and incorporates the author’s presentation of calculating methods, on which the assessments of the national merchant vessel fleets are based.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2014, 39 (111); 156-160
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wychowanie i formacja na przykładzie federacji Pueri Cantores
    Autorzy:
    Tyrała, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/669301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    education
    tutoring
    formation
    Pueri Cantores
    Rev. Ferdinand Maillet
    sacred music
    choral music
    Christian values
    Memorandum on The Identification and the Essence of Pueri Cantores
    edukacja
    wychowanie
    formacja
    ks. Ferdynand Maillet
    muzyka kościelna
    muzyka chóralna
    chrześcijańskie wartości
    Memorandum O identyfikacji i istocie Pueri Cantores
    Opis:
    Education and formation are the two key words of tremendous importance in the activity of the International Federation of Pueri Cantores. Learning the Christian values and deepening faith both derive from the identity of and identification with the group which Pueri Cantores is. Creative education, commonly associated with musical formation of young people, is a peculiar quality characterizing this church movement. The Pueri Cantores actions performed in many countries of the world, counting today almost 40, prove the growing effectiveness and popularity of this Federation. And such is are the aims which were officially approved by its Presidents in the document ratified in Paris last year.The history of the Pueri Cantores community has featured a great number of excellent tutors and educators. Their remarkable activities are certified by their living pupils, acting and developing worldwide. Amongst these magnificent pillars of the Federation was Siegfried Koesler, deceased two years ago, a great friend of the Polish Federation of Pueri Cantores and of the main celebrator of today’s anniversary. The entire international community of Pueri Cantores Presidents, Correspondents and Guests shall meet on 24–26 October 2014 in Würzburg so as to commemorate this great and good teacher. At the funeral service of Siegfried Koesler at Würzburg cemetery on 5 December 2012 I said on behalf of the International Federation of Pueri Cantores: „Thank you fory your shiny example. You were for us a living sign of God’s presence amongst us. Your thoughts and deeds shall remain in us for they have stayed alive in our hearts. You will live in us. Your remarkably good manners, culture and life, permeated with God’s presence, will always be an inspiration and encouragement for us in our aiming at ideals, to which you were invariably faithful” (R. Tyrała, The 10th Letter of President of FIPC, Kraków 2014. Archives of the International Federation of Pueri Cantores in Rome). It is a matter of undeniable certainty that the modern world, the modern Church and we ourselves need such authentic educators and authorities.May the conclusion of these few thoughts on educating through music, as exemplified by the Federation of Pueri Cantores, be the words expressed by the man who, like anyone else, knows how to run a choir, and educate and form young people: „I believe, working with a choir in respect of human activity belongs to a hierarchy of values. Because man as such is a value himself. And this man, whether a child or an adult singing in our choir, whom God provided with abilities to sing and with musical sensitivity, and whom He entrusted to us, choirmasters so we would educate, tutor and form, is truly worth a trial” (A. Zając, Chór kościelny – środowiskiem edukacyjnym, wychowawczym i formacyjnym. Sacred Choir – An Educational, Tutorial and Formative Environment, w: Pro Musica Sacra, t. III, Kraków 2006, p. 80).
    Źródło:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne; 2014, 33, 2
    2391-6826
    0239-4472
    Pojawia się w:
    Tarnowskie Studia Teologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    UMOWA MIĘDZYNARODOWA I MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING – CHARAKTERYSTYKA I TERMINOLOGIA
    INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT AND MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING – PROBLEMS OF TRANSLATION
    Autorzy:
    OMES, Aneta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/920550.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014-01-19
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    umowa międzynarodowa
    porozumienie
    Memorandum of Understanding
    cechy języka umów międzynarodowych
    international agreement
    understanding
    the characteristics of language specific to international agreements
    Opis:
    Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przybliżenie wybranych cech umów międzynarodowych oraz Memorandum of Understanding. Artykuł przedstawia ogólną charakterystykę umów międzynarodowych oraz terminologię używaną w obu rodzajach tych dokumentów. Autorka wyjaśnia znaczenie oraz podaje możliwe rodzaje zastosowania Memorandum of Understanding w zestawieniu z standardowymi umowam międzynarodowymi. Niniejszy artykuł wskazuje również na podobieństwa pomiędzy tymi rodzajami dokumentów, które prowadzić mogą do wielu nieporozumień pomiędzy zawierającymi je stronami. Wskazane są również różnice, których celem jest wyznaczenie właściwego kierunku w trakcie pracy nad tworzeniem tego rodzaju dokumentów. Autorka zwraca również uwagę na możliwe zagrożenia wynikające z niewłaściwie użytego słownictwa w tego rodzaju dokumentach.
    The article aims at characterizing selected features of the international agreements andMemorandum of Understanding. It presents general characteristic of agreements and terminologyused in both types of these kinds of documents. The author has explained the meaning and themain aim of using the Memorandum of Understanding instead of the standard internationalagreements. This article indicates the similarities between both of these documents resulting inmany misunderstandings between parties to such agreements. It also presents the differencesbetween them in order to show the right direction while drafting such documents. The author hasalso presented the consequences that may appear when the specified terminology is not followed.
    Źródło:
    Comparative Legilinguistics; 2014, 17, 1; 29-42
    2080-5926
    2391-4491
    Pojawia się w:
    Comparative Legilinguistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Program i inicjatywy Ruchu „Wolność i Pokój” w zakresie polityki międzynarodowej
    The programme and initiatives of the “Wolność and Pokój” Movement concerning international policy
    Autorzy:
    Czaputowicz, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/477899.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Pamięci Narodowej, Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu
    Tematy:
    pokój
    ruchy pokojowe
    Ruch „Wolność i Pokój” (WiP)
    rozbrojenie
    Konferencja Bezpieczeństwa i Współpracy w Europie (KBWE)
    Memorandum helsińskie
    plan Jaruzelskiego
    opozycja demokratyczna w Europie Środkowo-Wschodniej
    peace
    “Wolność i Pokój” Movement (WiP)
    peace movements
    disarmament
    Helsinki Memorandum Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
    democratic opposition in the Central and Eastern Europe
    Opis:
    The article describes the programme and initiatives of the “Wolność i Pokój” (WiP) Movement concerning international policy. The WiP maintained a wide international contacts supporting the disarmament and unification of Europe and demanding the withdrawal of the Soviet army from Poland and the termination of the Warsaw Pact. The above programme was reflected in common documents of the opposition groups in both Central and Eastern European countries and western peace movements. As a consequence, the western peace movements ceased to be a tool in the hands of Communists and became the allies of the democratic opposition in the Central and Eastern European countries. The article presents the programme discussions conducted with the western peace activists, in particular the role of the WiP in initiating the Memorandum entitled “Tchnąć prawdziwe życie w porozumienia helsińskie” (Breath true life into the Helsinki agreements), the main initiative of Central and Eastern European opposition activists and peace movements in the mid-80s. The discussions were continued at the international seminar entitled “International peace and Helsinki agreements” held in Warsaw in May 1987, which initiated similar meetings in Budapest, Moscow, Prague and Krakow. The international programme of the “Wolność i Pokój” Movement was recreated on the basis of this statement and the articles of the Movement activists. An important role was played by the concept of political disarmament, considering freedom, democracy, human rights and cooperation between societies of the East and West as the conditions for permanent peace. Political disarmament is something more that technical disarmament, concerning the amount of weapon, dates of its decommission, etc., however without the control exercised by the societies. One of the features of the “Wolność i Pokój” Movement programme was the acknowledgement that changes within the Soviet Union should be used for improvement of the geopolitical situation of Poland. The activities of the WiP were also reflected in the superficial look of the Jaruzelski’s plan, presented in the forum of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe and supported by the states-parties to the Warsaw Pact. The WiP postulates, concerning the withdrawal of alien armies from their territories, the termination of the Warsaw Pact and the integration of a divided Europe seemed unreal to the majority of the opposition activists, however were implemented soon after. The cited opinions of the head activists of “Solidarity” and foreign journalists prove that they perceived the crucial role played by the “Wolność i Pokój” Movement in the end of the Communist regime.
    Źródło:
    Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość; 2017, 30; 179-202
    1427-7476
    Pojawia się w:
    Pamięć i Sprawiedliwość
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wizyta brytyjskich dyplomatów we Lwowie na początku 1940 r
    Powiązania:
    Dzieje Najnowsze 2001, nr 4, s. 135-152
    Współwytwórcy:
    Gogol, Bogusław. Opracowanie
    Tebinka, Jacek (1964- ). Opracowanie
    Data publikacji:
    2001
    Tematy:
    Russel, John W.
    Dyplomacja brytyjska 1940 r.
    Memorandum o warunkach na obszarach okupowanej przez Sowiety Polskiej Ukrainy (1939-1942)
    Opis:
    W tekście "Memorandum o warunkach na obszarach okupowanej przez Sowiety Polskiej Ukrainy" oprac. przez Johna W. Russela, w l. 1939-1942 sekretarza ambasady w Moskwie.
    Dostawca treści:
    Bibliografia CBW
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Utworzenie uczelni niepublicznej w prawie o szkolnictwie wyższym
    Autorzy:
    Kwiecień-Miland, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216237.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    non-public higher education institution
    legal entity
    permission to establish non-public higher education institution
    memorandum of association
    registry of non-public higher education institutions
    uczelnia niepubliczna
    osoba prawna
    pozwolenie na utworzenie uczelni niepublicznej
    akt założycielski
    rejestr uczelni niepublicznych
    Opis:
    This article discusses the legal basis and the process of the establishment of non – public higher education institution when the founder decides to apply for a permission to establish non-public higher education institution, granted by the Minister of Science and Higher Education. Fundamental obligations of the founder have been presented together with conditions and consequences of enrollment in the registry of non-public higher education institutions. A substantive assessment of the abovementioned process was made in order to answer, if any legal and practical problems can be faced on during the process of establishing non-public higher education institution.
    Źródło:
    Themis Polska Nova; 2015, 2(9); 180-191
    2084-4522
    Pojawia się w:
    Themis Polska Nova
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Budapest Memorandum of 5 December 1994: Political Engagement or Legal Obligation?
    Autorzy:
    Grant, Thomas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706607.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015-07-25
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    treaties
    legal obligations
    political commitments
    use of force
    international security non-proliferation and disarmament
    general rule of interpretation supplementary means of interpretation
    subsequent practice
    treaty text
    treaty context
    object and purpose
    Budapest Memorandum
    Russian Federation
    Ukraine
    United States
    United Kingdom
    Opis:
    Ukraine, upon giving up the nuclear arsenal left on its territory by the USSR, entered in 1994 into a Memorandum on Security Assurances with the United Kingdom, United States and Russian Federation (Budapest Memorandum). Since the crisis began between the Russian Federation and Ukraine in February 2014, a number of States have invoked the Budapest Memorandum. Unclear, however, is whether this instrument constituted legal obligations among its Parties or, instead, is a political declaration having no legal effect. The distinction between political instruments and legal instruments is a recurring question in inter-State relations and claims practice. The present article considers the Budapest Memorandum in light of the question of general legal interest – namely, how do we distinguish between the legal and the political instrument?
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2014, 34; 89-114
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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