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Tytuł:
O zaniechanej akcji likwidacji przedwojennych spółek prawa handlowego w Polsce Ludowej
Deliberations on a Liquidation Campaign for Prewar Commercial Law Companies in the People’s Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
commercial law companies, Commercial Register, prewar companies.
Opis:
After the World War II commercial law companies, even though they had been depri- ved of their enterprises, were mostly not crossed off the Commercial Register (in Polish: Rejestr Handlowy). Regardless of the fact that they had been deprived of their proper- ties, they still existed. In spite of the fact that communists considered passing a bill that would cause their ultimate liquidation, it appeared that closing down the com- mercial law companies may actually lead to a deterioration in international relations with western states. This state of affairs surprisingly meant that nowadays one can re- activate the prewar companies. Therefore documents that have been recovered are of great importance for both legal practitioners (mainly judges and attorneys at law) and theorists of law.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2013, 12; 423-434
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kontrola zakazu łączenia stanowisk w radach nadzorczych spółek - budowanie zaufania do państwa
Audit of the Ban on Combing Positions in Supervisory Boards – Building Confidence in the State
Autorzy:
Walczak, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/417228.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-02
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
law companies
compliance
legal acts
chimney act
anticorruption act
Opis:
In his article, the author discusses organisational and legal aspects related to the ban on combining functions in supervisory bodies of several commercial law companies. These issues are analysed in relation to audits of compliance with the law in the field. The author presents the mutual relations between two legal acts (the so called chimney act and the anticorruption act) whose application is sometimes unclear. Later in his article, the author discusses the understanding of the notions of appointment versus designation of a candidate for a supervisory board, identifying basic differences that are of crucial importance from the perspective of compliance with the anticorruption act. Furthermore, the author discusses the consequences of breaching the provisions of the chimney act, and the issue of responsibility for decisions taken.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2014, 59, 1(354); 66-83
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Financial aid for water-law companies under the polish rural development programme 2014 - 2020 as an element of creating a culture of natural resources usage
Autorzy:
Kazimierczuk, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1976568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-22
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie
Tematy:
Polish Rural Development Programme (RDP) 2014-2020
nfiancial aid
water-law companies
investment
farm
Opis:
Objectives This paper focuses on the normative solutions established under the Polish Rural Development Programme (RDP) 2014–2020 for the support of water-law companies involved in the protection of agricultural production against the consequences of adverse weather conditions such as flooding, partial flooding or torrential rain. Material and methods The paper aims to determine to what extent, if any, the aid ensures the continued operation of an agricultural producer (farm sustainability). In terms of methodology, the research relies chiefly on a dogmatic analysis of legal texts. Legal considerations are supplemented with statistical data under access to public information regulations. Results The study of the research material has revealed that water-law companies are more inclined to invest in the protection of the producer’s workplace when presented with favourable financial terms and clear legal regulations.With regard to operations performed by water-law companies to protect agricultural production against the effects of adverse weather conditions such as flooding, partial flooding, or excessive dampness caused by flooding or torrential rain, this aid has a narrow thematic scope and addresses the need for public intervention due to drainage and irrigation hazards. Conclusions It may be assumed that the analysed form of ex-ante support dedicated to water-law companies – “Support for investments in preventive measures for the mitigation of damage caused by probable natural disasters, adverse climatic phenomena, and catastrophic events” – ensures farm sustainability with respect to the explicitly identified risks.
Źródło:
Journal of Modern Science; 2021, 47, 2; 173-187
1734-2031
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Modern Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Przedsiębiorstwo lecznicze”. Innowacyjne rozwiązanie legislacyjno-systemowe czy manowce reformy?
'Healing company'. The innovative legislative and systemic solution or the reform quibble?
Autorzy:
Mokrzycka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635304.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
COMMERCIAL LAW
COMMERCIAL LAW COMPANIES
HEALTH CARE UNITS
HOSPITALS PRIVATIZATION
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
OWNERSHIP PROBLEMS IN HEALTH CARE
TRANSFORMATION
Opis:
The necessity of the hospitals status change in Poland was the hot issue for quite a long time. The problems of hospitals debts, local governments role, state (public) ownership problems, management weaknesses, resources lack, humans resources problems and many others have been stressed in public debates, often by different sides and political parties. The present Ministry of Health from the very beginning proposed the formal status change concerning ownership of health care units, mainly hospitals, as a first step for the system transformation in this respect. The proposal of the new legislation called the Health package included such approach. One of the most important laws in the package was the 'Hospitals privatisation', subsequently vetoed by the President representing the political opposition. The next step toward the transformation was the governmental Plan B, proposed also by Ministry of Health, criticized for the improper legal instruments and infectivity of the proposed strategy. The new legislation, described in this paper, is a consequence of the process and the main issue of the analysis undertaken hereby.
Źródło:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie; 2010, 8, 2; 68-86
2084-2627
Pojawia się w:
Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Firma jako dobro osobiste spółek prawa handlowego oraz problematyka jego naruszenia w Internecie
The business name as a personal right of commercial law companies and the issue of its violation on the Internet
Autorzy:
Ignaczak, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-31
Wydawca:
Polskie Wydawnictwo Ekonomiczne
Tematy:
dobra osobiste
firma
spółki prawa handlowego
domena internetowa
personal rights
business name
commercial law companies
internet domain
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest prezentacja rozważań na temat firmy jako dobra osobistego. Powyższe zagadnienie jest przedmiotem wielu doktrynalnych sporów, jednak autorka aprobuje stanowisko, że firma jest dobrem osobistym i przysługuje spółkom prawa handlowego. W dalszej kolejności artykuł koncentruje się na problematyce naruszenia prawa do firmy w Internecie. Współcześnie powszechny dostęp do sieci internetowej sprzyja rejestracji domen internetowych naruszających prawa lub interesy innych podmiotów. Powyższy problem jako występujący coraz częściej oraz zagrażający przedsiębiorcom wymaga pogłębionej analizy i dyskusji.
The aim of this article is to present considerations about the business name as a personal right. This issue is the subject of doctrinal disputes, however, the author approves the thesis that the business name is a personal right and it is entitled to commercial law companies. Subsequently, the article focuses on the issue of violating the right to the business name on the Internet. Nowadays, universal access to the Internet network is conductive to the registration of Internet domains violating the rights or interests of other entities. The above problem as occurring more often and threatening entrepreneurs requires in-depth analysis and discussion.
Źródło:
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego; 2019, 7; 10-17
0137-5490
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Ustawodawstwa Gospodarczego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Siedziba rzeczywista spółki jako łącznik unijnego prawa prywatnego międzynarodowego
A Company’s Real Seat as the Connecting Factor in the EU Private International Law
Autorzy:
Wowerka, Arkadiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/21151088.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-19
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
companies
private international law of the UE
determination of the applicable law
law applicable to companies
torts
contractual obligations and insolvency of the company
jurisdiction
real seat as connecting factor
Opis:
The real seat is a recognised, although expressed in different terms, connecting factor of the EU international private law, relating to companies in they different legal relations. Under the regulations unifying particular areas of this law, relevant form the point of view of cross-border operations of companies, the real seat is the connecting factor determining the applicable law in the field of contractual and non-contractual obligations, and the company’s bankruptcy. Furthermore, it deretmines the jurusdiction for insolvency proceedings against the company, and i salso a jurisdictional connecting factor for general civil and commercial matters. The real seat connecting factor may also constitute a connecting factor determining the law applicable to company, accectable under the EU freedom of establishement.
Źródło:
Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego; 2021, 28; 109-129
1896-7604
2353-9852
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prawna konstrukcja „spółek” w państwach arabskich na przykładzie Zjednoczonych Emiratach Arabskich
Autorzy:
Łukaszewicz, Mieszko
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2097251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Orientalistyczne
Tematy:
UAE
company law
sharia law
partnerships
companies
Opis:
This paper aims to present construction of partnerships and companies in United Arab Emirates and compares them with partnerships and companies existing in Poland. Paper starts from description of historical backgrounds of partnerships and companies in Europe and in Sharia. Later, based on legal acts, it includes a presentation of companies and partnerships existing in Poland and UAE. Conclusions show origins of companies and partnerships in UAE, as well as similarities and differences between companies and partnerships in Poland and UAE.
Źródło:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny; 2020, 2-3 (274-275) "Świat islamu w perspektywie badań arabistycznych i politologicznych Historia i współczesność"; 203-212
0033-2283
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Between Enabling Law and Protecting Law – Some Remarks on the Method of Regulating the Law of Groups of Companies in Polish Commercial Companies Code
Autorzy:
Herbet, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40457708.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
groups of companies
enabling law
protecting law
domination and dependance relations
commercial companies
comparative analysis
Opis:
Although the groups of companies have been an indispensable part of the modern economy for several decades, they still continue to attract unwavering attention of both practice and doctrine of corporate law. The numerous legal challenges posed by the functioning of multi-level structures, based on diverse types of dominance and dependance relations adopt different regulatory strategies manifest a universal appeal. Yet, the national legislators adopt different regulatory strategies, aimed at securing the interests of various stakeholders, including minority shareholders, dependent companies and their creditors. As a result, the contemporary discourse entails two concepts – one emphasizing the risks and responsibilities associated with it (protecting law) and the other one, supporting the creation of groups, as well as instruments for their effective management (enabling law). The aim of the article is to verify the extent to which these concepts are addressed by the most recent Polish group law regulations, viewed in a comparative context outlined by selected European jurisdictions.
Źródło:
Review of European and Comparative Law; 2023, 55, 4; 261-278
2545-384X
Pojawia się w:
Review of European and Comparative Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unity of civil law and the legal regulation of commercial companies – selected issues
Autorzy:
Tarska, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1595973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
Tematy:
unity of civil law
commercial companies
Opis:
The introduction of the principle unity of civil law into the Polish civil law with the entry into force of the Civil Code in 1965 did not involve ensuring internal consistency of normative acts forming the core of civil law, i.e.: the Civil Code, regulations regarding commercial companies contained in the 1934 Commercial Code, the Family and Guardianship Code, and the law on land and mortgage registers. The Code of Commercial Companies of 2000, to some extent, but not completely, pursued the postulate of ensuring the consistency of the provisions of the Civil Code and the law of commercial companies. In the legal literature, attention is paid increasingly to the necessity to complete the process of adjusting the Commercial Companies Code to the Civil Code as well as the introduction of relevant modifications and corrections to the Commercial Companies Code ensuring the necessary coherence of the legal regulations of these codes. In the first place, this is required by the following issues: Firstly, concerning the nature, manner and scope of applying the freedom of contract principle in the area of legal regulation of commercial companies. Secondly, the relation between the provisions of the Civil Code concerning acts in law, in particular contracts, and articles of association in commercial companies as well as the so called invalidity of articles of association (Article 21 CCC). Thirdly, the issues concerning the concept of an act in law and resolutions of a capital company body, invalidity of an act in law and challengeability of a resolution of the general meeting or of the general assembly of a capital company, as well as the explanation of the so called non-existent resolutions. Fourthly, the legal and financial status of the spouses where at least one of them is a participant in a commercial company. Fifthly, synchronization of the provisions of the Act on the National Court Register concerning registration procedure with structural provisions of the Commercial Companies Code concerning the functioning of commercial companies. The application of adequate provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure is to be considered in this respect.
Źródło:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis; 2019, 27, 3; 189-203
2083-4373
2545-3181
Pojawia się w:
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z problematyki reprezentacji łącznej w spółkach osobowych
Joint Representation of Partnership
Autorzy:
Witosz, Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/587364.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Prawo spółek
Spółki
Companies
Company law
Opis:
The legal construction of joint representation is a widely used institution. It can be used in the case of a commercial proxy being the second type (in addition to an individual proxy). Its model is the standard type of a company's representation in the case in which there is more than one director appointed to a board of directors. When it comes to partnerships it is an alternative for the statutory model of each partner's individual competences that can be included in the partnership deed. The practical operation of joint representation is similar in all cases, but there are subtle differences due to its different functions; one of the commercial proxies' types, a statutory model in companies and a facultative model in partnerships. Because companies and the joint representation of directors (also a director with commercial proxy) are drawing the attention of commentator, it is worth dedicating a separate text to partnerships and the joint representation of partners.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2014, 200; 19-32
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regulations of the financial market in Poland. Equilibrium vs. inversion
Autorzy:
Dziawgo, Leszek
Dziawgo, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
banking
public companies
law regulations
financial market
Opis:
The subject of this study is the legal regulations concerning the banking and stock market sector. The research objective is to identify the issue of the adequacy of legal regulations on the modern financial market. The object of the research is the banking institutions and companies listed on the stock exchange. The following research methods were used, i.e. the analysis of the literature, analysis of legal acts, observations, descriptive, comparative and case study analysis. It was found that there has been an increase in the level of detail and restrictiveness of legal regulations in recent years, both in relation to the banking sector and to the stock market. In addition, the legislative revolution not only continues, but is also gaining momentum. Thus we could formulate a conclusion about the inversion of the modern financial market. The financial market was to facilitate business operations through access to capital. Currently, excessive regulations indicate the growing legal barriers to entering the financial market and conducting business activity in it.
Źródło:
Financial Sciences. Nauki o Finansach; 2018, 23, 4; 9-24
2080-5993
2449-9811
Pojawia się w:
Financial Sciences. Nauki o Finansach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Legitimacy of Restrictions on the Functioning of Single-Member Limited Liability Companies
Autorzy:
Szulc, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1976282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
law
single-member companies
restrictions
superficiality
functioning
Opis:
The article discusses a vital problem of the legal restrictions imposed on single-member limited liability companies under the provisions in force. In the first part of the text, the author explores the binding regulations applicable to single-member companies and arranges them in a way that it is possible to classify them within the legal framework. In the second part, the author deals with the legitimacy of existence of the said restrictions on the functioning of single-member companies, analyses the superficiality of application of particular solutions, and defines the most significant directions of changes necessary to abolish the restrictions imposed on single-member limited liability companies.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2018, 10, 4; 275-284
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SKUTKI OBJĘCIA WÓJTA TREŚCIĄ ART. 24F UST. 2 USTAWY O SAMORZĄDZIE GMINNYM
THE EFFECTS OF TAKING OVER THE CONTENT OF ART. 24F PAR. 2 OF THE ACT ON COMMUNAL SELF-GOVERNMENT
Autorzy:
Gurdek, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/443204.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas
Tematy:
wójt
ograniczenia antykorupcyjne
spółki prawa handlowego
członek władz
wygaśnięcie mandatu
nieważność wyboru (powołania)
utrata stanowiska lub funkcji
mayor
anti-corruption restrictions
commercial law companies
a member of the authorities
expiration of the mandate
invalidity of the election (appointment)
loss of position or function
Opis:
Wójt, w zakresie szeroko pojętego prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej, podlega od lat ograniczeniom ustanowionym ustawą z dnia 21 sierpnia 1997 roku o ograniczeniu prowadzenia działalności gospodarczej przez osoby pełniące funkcje publiczne. Zgodnie z art. 4 pkt 1 i 2 tej ustawy nie może on w okresie zajmowania swego stanowiska być członkiem władz zarządzających, kontrolnych lub rewizyjnych we wszelkich spółkach prawa handlowego oraz być zatrudniony lub wykonywać innych zajęć w tego rodzaju spółkach, które mogłyby wywołać podejrzenie o jego stronniczość lub interesowność. Analogiczne ograniczenia radnych zostały natomiast uregulowane ustawą o samorządzie gminnym. Ci bowiem, w myśl art. 24f ust. 2 tejże ustawy nie mogą być członkami władz zarządzających lub kontrolnych i rewizyjnych ani pełnomocnikami spółek handlowych, ale już tylko takich z udziałem gminnych osób prawnych lub przedsiębiorców, w których uczestniczą takie osoby. Niestety, prawodawca pomimo istniejących już ograniczeń, ustawą z dnia z dnia 11 stycznia 2018 r. o zmianie niektórych ustaw w celu zwiększenia udziału obywateli w procesie wybierania, funkcjonowania i kontrolowania niektórych organów publicznych, dokonał nowelizacji art. 24f ust. 2 ustawy o samorządzie gminnym i objął nim także wójtów. To spowodowało, że z chwilą gdy rozpoczęła się nowa kadencja organów samorządu terytorialnego (2018-2023), art. 24f ust. 2 znalazł zastosowanie również i do wójta. Na tym tle rodzi się zasadnicze pytanie o relację tego przepisu do art. 4 pkt 1 i 2 ustawy antykorupcyjnej, na które autorka w niniejszym opracowaniu – po dokonaniu szczegółowej, wnikliwej analizy tego problemu – próbuje udzielić odpowiedzi.
The mayor, in the field of broadly understood business activities, has been subject to restrictions for years established by the Act of August 21, 1997 on limiting the conduct of business activity by persons performing public functions. According to art. 4 point 1 and 2 of this Act, he can not be a member of management, control or audit authorities in any commercial law companies and be employed or perform other activities in companies of this type that could raise suspicion of his bias or interest. Analogous restrictions of councilors were regulated by the act on communal self-government. These, in accordance with art. 24f par. 2 of this Act can not be members of the management or control and audit authorities, or plenipotentiaries of commercial companies, but only those with the participation of municipal legal persons or entrepreneurs in which such persons participate. Unfortunately, despite the existing limitations, the legislator of 11 January 2018 amending certain acts in order to increase the participation of citizens in the process of selecting, operating and controlling certain public bodies, amended Art. 24f par. 2 of the Act on municipal self-government and it also included commune heads. This resulted in the moment when the new term of the local self-government bodies (2018-2023) started 24f par. 2 has also been applied to the commune head. Against this background, a fundamental question arises about the relation of this provision to art. 4 point 1 and 2 of the Anti-Corruption Act, to which the Author in this report - after making a detailed, thorough analysis of the problem - tries to answer.
Źródło:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa; 2019, 1, XIX; 109-130
1644-9126
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Theoretical Models of Taxation of Holding Companies in Member States of the European Union
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
corporate tax
holding companies
european tax law
tax optimalization
Opis:
Currently, a holding company is one of the most popular form of organisation in the globalized Europe. The tax situation of such entities is a significant condition determining cross-border operations. Therefore, the objective of this article is to analyse the theories of taxation of holding companies conducting business activity on the territory of the EU. Analysis shows how great a variety of models (theories) of taxation, which are available in various EU Member States, a holding company may use. Individual tax theories are characterised by particular constructions that have both advantages and disadvantages.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2017, 8, 15; 69-85
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Methods of Tax Optimisation with the Use of Tax Havens
Autorzy:
Burandt, Patrycja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789245.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
tax havens
offshore companies
taxes
tax law
tax avoidance
Opis:
The present study is concerned with chosen methods employed in a legal and illegal way by the taxpayers in order to reduce their tax burdens by the use of tax havens. The aim of this article is to elaborate on the phenomenon of tax competition, in particular, ways of using it for the purpose of tax optimisation. The essence of a tax haven introduced at the beginning serves as an introduction to the remaining content and lets one understand the outline of the discussed phenomenon. The presented methods cannot be considered a legal advice, but only an objective characteristic.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2021, 22, 2; 78-93
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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