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    Tytuł:
    Rysa na obliczu Temidy
    A scratch on the face of Themis
    Autorzy:
    Gomułowicz, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2123421.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-05-13
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    niezawisłość sędziów
    niezależność sądów
    pozycja ustrojowa i znaczenie Krajowej Rady Sądownictwa
    artykuły Konstytucji: 10, 45, 173, 186 ust. 1, 187 ust. 1 i 3
    demokratyczne państwo prawne
    kompetencje Prezydenta RP w zakresie powoływania na stanowiska sędziowskie
    test Astradssona
    the independence of judges
    the independence of the courts
    the political position and importance of the National Judiciary Council
    the meaning of Articles of the Constitution: 10, 45, 173, 186 act 1, 187 act 1 and 3
    democratic state ruled by law
    powers of the President of the Republic of Poland to appoint judges
    Astradsson test
    Opis:
    Artykuł dotyczy tezy wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 4 listopada 2021 r., sygn. III FSK 3626/21, a także jej uzasadnienia. Koncentruje się na fundamentalnych wadach, a mianowicie na: 1) błędnym założeniu, że Krajowa Rada Sądownictwa jest organem konstytucyjnym samorządu sędziowskiego (przeczy temu treść art. 187 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP); 2) błędnym uznaniu, że odwołanie wybieranych członków Rady, sędziów przed upływem ich czteroletniej kadencji jest wadliwością postępowania, podczas gdy jest to jaskrawe i bezdyskusyjne złamanie art. 187 ust. 3 Konstytucji RP; 3) bezpodstawnym przyjęciu, że Prezydent RP ma prawne podstawy do prowadzenia własnego merytorycznego postępowania, które weryfikuje zgłoszone przez Radę kandydatury na stanowiska sędziowskie; 4) nieuprawnionym stawianiu znaku równości pomiędzy KRS a „nową KRS”; 5) wadliwym zastosowaniu testu Astradssona.
    The article concerns the assessment of the thesis of the judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of November 4, 2021 (no. III FSK 3626/21) as well as its justification. It focuses on the fundamental flaws, namely: 1) on the erroneous assumption made by judges that the National Judiciary Council is a constitutional collegiate body (the content of Article 187 (1) of the Constitution contradicts this); 2) on the erroneous recognition that the dismissal of elected members of the Council, judges, before the end of their 4-year term of office, is a defect in the procedure, while it is a clear and indisputable breach of Article 187, paragraph 3 of the Constitution; 3) on the unsubstantiated assumption that the President of the Republic of Poland has legal grounds to conduct his own substantive proceedings, which will verify the candidates for judicial posts submitted by the Council; 4) on the unauthorized equation between the NCJ and the neo-NCJ; 5) on a faulty application of the Astradsson test.
    Źródło:
    Kwartalnik Prawa Podatkowego; 2022, 2; 29-38
    1509-877X
    Pojawia się w:
    Kwartalnik Prawa Podatkowego
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Debata parlamentarna poświęcona projektowi prawa małżeńskiego z 1818 r. jako płaszczyzna wymiany idei politycznych i prawnych
    The parliamentary debate devoted to the project of the marriage law of 1818 as the plane of exchange of political and legal ideas
    Autorzy:
    Kania, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697363.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Opolski
    Tematy:
    the Kingdom of Poland
    marriage law
    divorce
    political and legal thought
    Code Civil
    Opis:
    Contemporary research concept of the history of political and legal thought includes various sources of information about opinions on politics, state and law that appeared in the past. One of them is a parliamentary debate. The article concentrates on the discussion about the marriage law that took place in the Polish Parliament (Sejm) in 1818. At that time one of the most controversial law institutions was the divorce. The legislative bill divided Members of Parliament into three different groups. The first party supported the project of the new matrimonial law that was prepared by the government (The Council of State). The second group considered acceptance of the religious norms that were given by the Roman Catholic Church to be the most appropriate solution. The last one was formed by liberals who opposed voting in favour of the project, which – in their opinion – extremely invaded human privacy and freedom. The content of the debate also presents three major conceptions of the system of government that prevailed in the Kingdom of Poland.
    Źródło:
    Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2016, 14, 2; 119-141
    2658-1922
    Pojawia się w:
    Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Politics of Limitation of Claims in Poland: Post-Communist Ideology, Neoliberalism and the Plight of Uninformed Debtors
    Autorzy:
    Kuźmicka-Sulikowska, Joanna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/685830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    claims
    limitation period
    taking the expiry of the limitation period into account
    polish civil law
    political and legal changes
    Opis:
    The text will present arguments raised by the supporters of two different positions regarding the manner of taking into account the expiry of the limitation period, namely those that are supposed to speak in favor of taking this circumstance by the courts ex officio, and those which prevail to take it into account only in the event of raising the plea of limitation by the one against whom the claim is due. Against this background, a polemical analysis will be made with these arguments, including inquiries about interests of which entities or social groups are implemented and protected for each of these solutions. It will be shown that some of the arguments put forward actually emphasize that the institution of limitation is to serve not so much as a party involved in a given claim (creditors or debtors), but rather institutions of the judiciary. It will also be shown that the solution currently in force in Polish civil law, within which the taking into account of the fact that a given claim is time-barred is possible only if the one against whom the claim is entitled raises the relevant claim of limitation, in fact prefers only the more affluent and better educated social strata, deepening the social exclusion of those who, due to, for example, worse property status, do not have the necessary knowledge, nor can afford to take advantage of legal aid. The latter, in effect, often do not plead the expiration of limitation period, because they do not know that they are entitled to it (in general, or are unable to assess when the claim became due, at which point the limitation period began or has ended). Polish civil law is a good example here for considering, firstly, that in the 20th century the regulations concerning the limitation of claims were changed several times, and each time a discussion on how to consider the expiry of the limitation period came to life (which provides rich argumentation with which one can confront) and also because historical and political entanglements play a significant role here. Namely, the text will show that the main resistance against taking into account the expiration of limitation period ex officio (which is a solution that protects the poorer people who can not afford legal assistance) is due to the fact that this solution, which was in force in the original version of the current Polish Civil Code, was modeled on the solutions of Soviet law. This means that after the political change in Poland in 1989, it was automatically attempted to eliminate it, and replace it with a solution used in European countries, where only if the one against whom the claim is entitled raises the relevant claim of limitation, even without any reflection on the substantive legitimacy of such a change and without analyzing the practical social effects of a solution, within which the expiry of the limitation period only is taking into account on when relevant plea is raised, not ex officio. Immersion of considerations in the realities of Polish law will also allow to show interests that have recently clashed on the occasion of the regulation of electronic writ-of-payment proceedings. In this example, it will be shown that despite the legislator making certain facade measures to protect the interests of people with less legal awareness and poorer, who can not afford to get help from a lawyer, in fact, many gates have been left, which question the reality of striving for such protection, because they allow to sue for the claim after the expiration of the limitation period in this proceeding. In this context, the latest change in Polish civil law in this area was also discussed, that is, the Act of April 13, 2018. On the basis of this Act, there has been a return to taking into account the expiration of the limitation period ex officio, but only if the entrepreneur sue the consumer. In the remaining scope, a solution was left within which the expiry of the limitation period is taking into account only when relevant plea is raised.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica; 2019, 89; 131-160
    0208-6069
    2450-2782
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Individual Communications Against Poland Before the Human Rights Committee: a Review and Tentative Conclusions
    Autorzy:
    Łasak, Katarzyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684979.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    Human Rights Committee
    the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
    public international law
    Opis:
    Poland has been a party to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 16 December 1966 for forty years, and has been recognizing the right of individuals to submit applications to the Human Rights Committee for 25 years. The total number of communications amounts to 11, and the results of the examination thereof encourage consideration of denouncing the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights of 16 December 1966.
    Źródło:
    Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2017, 7; 55-78
    2450-0976
    Pojawia się w:
    Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cultural Security in the Political Programmes of the Law and Justice
    Bezpieczeństwo kulturowe w programach politycznych Prawa i Sprawiedliwości
    Autorzy:
    Lewandowski, Arkadiusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1943094.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    cultural security
    security of the state
    politics of memory
    Law and Justice
    Polish political parties
    bezpieczeństwo kulturowe
    bezpieczeństwo państwa
    polityka historyczna
    Prawo i  Sprawiedliwość
    polskie partie polityczne
    Opis:
    The present paper raises the issue of cultural security in the programme-related ideas conceived by Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (hereinafter referred to as the Law and Justice or – to use an abbreviated term – PiS) in 21st century. In the present paper, the issues related to national identity and national culture were scrutinized, the former and the latter being two constituents of cultural security of the state. Political programmes of the Law and Justice specified mainly the dangers to national identity in the context of European integration and of striving for the unification of European culture. On the other hand, in the realm of national culture, what was noticed was the phenomenon of neglecting the said issue and not considering it important from the point of view of security of the state.
    Artykuł podejmuje zagadnienie bezpieczeństwa kulturowego w koncepcjach programowych Prawa i Sprawiedliwości w XXI wieku. W ramach tekstu dokonana została analiza problematyki tożsamości narodowej i kultury narodowej jako dwóch składowych bezpieczeństwa kulturowego państwa. Programy polityczne Prawa i Sprawiedliwości w głównej mierze określały zagrożenia dla tożsamości narodowej w kontekście integracji europejskiej oraz dążenia do unifikacji kultury europejskiej. Z kolei w obszarze kultury narodowej dostrzegano zjawisko lekceważenia tego zagadnienia i nieuznawania go jako istotnego z perspektywy bezpieczeństwa państwa.
    Źródło:
    Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2017, 56; 21-35
    1505-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Critical Legal Theory in Central and Eastern Europe: In Search of Method
    Autorzy:
    Mańko, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/685850.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    critical legal theory
    the political
    law and ideology
    Central and Eastern Europe
    Opis:
    Critical legal theory emerged in the United States in the 1970s, at a time when Central and Eastern Europe belonged to the Soviet bloc and was subject to the system of actually existing socialism. Therefore, the arrival of critical jurisprudence into the region was delayed. In Poland, the first texts on critical and postmodern legal theory began to appear at the end of the 1990s and the beginning of the 2000s. Lech Morawski’s monograph, characteristically entitled What Legal Scholarship Has to Gain from Postmodernism?, published in 2001, officially inaugurated a broader interest in postmodern legal theory. Adam Sulikowski has been the main representative of critical legal theory in Poland, developing a postmodern theory of constitutionalism. Other sub-fields of postmodern and critical legal theory, gradually developing in Central European jurisprudence, include such areas as law and literature, law and ideology, law and neocolonial theory, as well as feminist jurisprudence. There is a noticeably growing influence of critical sociology and critical discourse analysis which seem to be a promising paradigm for invigorating critical legal theory from an empirical perspective. The concept of “the political”, in the sense used by Chantal Mouffe, has been evoked to propose a “political theory of law” conceived as an analysis of the juridical phenomenon through the lens of the political. Recently, it has found its concrete applications in the political theory of judicial decision-making.
    Źródło:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica; 2019, 89; 5-14
    0208-6069
    2450-2782
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On Law, Ideology, and Violence: A Reply to Maciej Pichlak
    Autorzy:
    Mańko, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185940.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023-01-15
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    critical legal theory
    critical jurisprudence
    law and ideology
    law and the political
    law and violence
    adjudication
    legal interpretation
    Opis:
    The present paper is a reaction to Maciej Pichlak’s article "Law in the Snares of the Political: Addressing Rafał Mańko’s Critical Philosophy of Adjudication" which was published in this journal (“The Critique of Law” 2020, 12(3), pp. 109–125). The present response addresses selected issues raised in Pichlak’s critique, focusing on three aspects: law and the political, the importance of justice in the critical project, and finally the question of adjudication and ideology. On a more general note, the polemic reveals the importance of philosophical, political and ideological commitments and presuppositions of legal theorists and poses the question of the limits of the autonomy of jurisprudential debates vis-à-vis such commitments.
    Źródło:
    Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2023, 15, 1; 326-338
    2080-1084
    2450-7938
    Pojawia się w:
    Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Komunistyczna Partia Chin – od XVIII Zjazdu KPCh do decyzji III i IV Plenum KC KPCh w najważniejszych obszarach polityki wewnętrznej państwa
    The Communist Party of China – from the 13th Session of the CPC to the decision of the 3rd and 4th Plenum of the CC CPC in the most important areas of the interior policy of the country
    Autorzy:
    Mencel, Marian Tadeusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/901986.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Gdańska Wyższa Szkoła Humanistyczna
    Tematy:
    interior policy
    corruption
    the fifth generation of leaders of China
    the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China
    "the new left-wing political parties of China"
    "the red aristocracy"
    "law and order with the Chinese characteristics”
    polityka wewnętrzna
    korupcja
    piąta generacja przywódców Chin
    Stały Komitet Biura Politycznego Komunistycznej Partii Chin
    „nowa lewica chińska”
    „czerwona arystokracja”
    „praworządność z chińską charakterystyką”
    Opis:
    From autumn of 2012 until spring of 2013 the process of assuming power by the fifth generation of Chinese communists had place. At the same time, according to expectations, successive leaders were taking over all of the most important functions in the Communist Party of China and consequently in the state apparatus. From this moment significant events that had place in CPC and that had a fundamental power of influence on the Chinese reality were decisions undertaken during sessions of the 3rd and 4th Plenum of the CC CPC that, together with decisions of the Session of CPC, constitute the subject of analysis of this work. The most important areas of the interior policy of the CPC were presented and in particular issues of the commonly present corruption of the state apparatus and military in China. An attempt to characterize Chin Hu Jintao, the outgoing leader and his successor, Xi Jinping a was made.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość; 2014, 11; 207-224
    1731-8440
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Między wyjaśnianiem jednoprzyczynowym a czynnikowym. Prasa w Polsce wobec zwycięstwa Prawa i Sprawiedliwości w wyborach europejskich w 2019 roku
    Between Single-Cause and Factor Explanations. The Press in Poland towards the Victory of Prawo i Sprawiedliwość in the 2019 European Elections
    Autorzy:
    Paruch, Waldemar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2233627.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    partie polityczne
    wybory europejskie
    Prawo i Sprawiedliwość
    komunikowanie polityczne
    historia III Rzeczypospolitej
    rywalizacja polityczna
    political parties
    European elections
    Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Law and Justice) Party
    political communication
    history of the Third Republic of Poland
    political competition
    Opis:
    Artykuł jest analizą porównawczą sposobów wyjaśniania wygranej Prawa i Sprawiedliwości w wyborach europejskich w Polsce w 2019 r., proponowanych opinii publicznej w mediach tradycyjnych i elektronicznych. Dokonano weryfikacji hipotez badawczych odnoszących się do tematu. Weryfikacja hipotez została dokonana w wyniku krytycznej oceny tekstów zamieszczonych na łamach wybranych reprezentatywnych gazet – dzienników i tygodników oraz prowadzonych przez nie stron internetowych (tzw. internetowe serwisy prasowe).
    The article is a comparative analysis of the ways of explaining the victory of the Party Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (Law and Justice) in the European elections in Poland in 2019, offered to the public in traditional and electronic media. The research hypotheses relating to the topic were verified through a critical assessment of the texts published in selected representative newspapers – dailies and weeklies, as well as their websites (so-called online press services).
    Źródło:
    Dzieje Najnowsze; 2022, 54, 1; 201-239
    0419-8824
    Pojawia się w:
    Dzieje Najnowsze
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jewgienij Bronisławowicz Paszukanis i jego marksistowska teoria prawa — kilka refleksji krytycznych
    Critical remarks on Evgeny B. Pashukanis and his Marxist theory of law
    Autorzy:
    Zmierczak, Maria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782550.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
    Tematy:
    inevitability of destruction of capitalism
    historical prophesy
    law as result and
    form of regulation of conflict of interests in the process of production and exchange
    rule of law
    (Rechtsstaat) as the highest form of mystification of real social relations
    disregard of political and legal ideas as pure ideology
    Opis:
    Evgeny B. Pashukanis (1891—1937) is noted as the most influential theorist of law in Soviet Russia. In his book The General Theory of law and Marxism, issued in 1924, 1925 and 1927, he defined law as a form expressing the real relation between people in process of production and exchange of goods: the form that reaches its highest level as the rule of law (Rechtsstaat), when it becomes a mirage, concealing the real and deep conflict of interests. Pashukanis was convinced that in communism any form of law would disappear because there would be no class conflict of interests. He also repeated the prophesy of Marx that capitalism would disappear, as expressed in The Communist Manifesto. That the prophesy is false and that history is not a science in the same way as physics was showed and criticised by Karl Raimund Popper. The reduction of rule of law to the expression of class interest only is false as well, because many legal regulations are not connected to economic interests. The thesis whereby law occurs only in bourgeois society surely led people ruling in Soviet Russia to contempt of any law, taking into account the fact that Pashukanis’s book was popular and used in education. Interestingly enough, the book was printed in Polish in 1985, with the commentary that provides a very instructive and important theory of law.
    Źródło:
    Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 587-596
    1898-6986
    2353-9879
    Pojawia się w:
    Z Dziejów Prawa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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