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Tytuł:
Crossing Barriers – Growing Barriers. Jews in Late Medieval Warsaw
Autorzy:
Bartoszewicz, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28705705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
late medieval Warsaw
Old Warsaw
Jews in late medieval Poland
Jewish community
Opis:
The article deals with the question of the existence of the Jewish community and the barriers between Jews and non-Jews in the Old Warsaw from the 1420s to the 1520s. The contact points and areas of the two communities, as well as the tools used to communicate between them, are distinguished. Firstly, Jewish property in the space of Old Warsaw, as well as neighbouring and economic contacts, are noticed. Then, the presence of Jews both from Warsaw and other towns and regions in court sessions is analysed. Local and Lithuanian or Volhynian Jews appeared in the Old Warsaw town hall. However, the most important place for official meetings of Warsaw Jews with the Christian community was the court for nobles. It is visible that the first half of the fifteenth century was a unique period with a far-reaching agreement between the Christian inhabitants of Warsaw and its surroundings and the members of the local Jewish community. Within the linguistic area, the communication tools were Polish and German, while Latin, possibly familiar to some Jews, was not a significant communication barrier. Hebrew had its position in the bureaucratic system as well. The protection of the local duke secured a relatively harmonious economic cooperation, which was fostered by the then economic situation of Mazovia. The mid-fifteenth century brought a violent turn, which was influenced by the changes in the political and economic situation, as well as the religious atmosphere. Warsaw burghers started to perceive the Jews as competition, as ‘others’, and began to approach them with growing hostility.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2023, 128; 229-247
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genealogia pierwszych pokoleń Działyńskich
The genealogy of the first generations of the Działyński family
Autorzy:
Szybkowski, Sobiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/938083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-17
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
działyński family
late medieval polish nobility
late medieval
polish magnates
medieval genealogy and prosopography
historiography
Opis:
In this paper, the author succeeded in correcting specific assertions of particular researchers of the genealogy of the first generations of the Działyński family of the Ogon coat of arms, which in the late Middle Ages became one of the magnate families and maintained its high position in the modern times as well (i.a., the issue of the alleged wife of Chamberlain Piotr of Działyń, the background of the wife of the Słońsk castellan Jan Działyński of Wola and Żałe). The most significant achievement, however, was the correction regarding the genealogy of Mikołaj Działyński, who died in 1491 – the first representative of the family who became a provincial governor and was the forefather of its main line. According to the conducted research, he was most likely not the son of the family’s progenitor, the Dobrzyń chamberlain Piotr (died in 1441–1441), but his grandson. as the father of the provincial governor Mikołaj we identify Mikołaj of Działyń, noted in source texts only once (1442), 22 years before his son’s activity was first recorded in any documents. The Marienburg treasurer (podskarbi) Krzysztof, who also used the Ogon coat of arms, was not, however, as was suggested before, part of the Działyński family; he probably came from an average noble family of the owners (tenutarius?) of the Celina village in the Dobrzyń land.
Źródło:
Studia z Dziejów Średniowiecza; 2019, 23; 262-279
2544-2562
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Dziejów Średniowiecza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ze studiów nad późnośredniowieczną epigrafiką. O trzech XV-wiecznych płytach nagrobnych z obszaru współczesnej Polski
Autorzy:
Zdrenka, Joachim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28710878.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego
Tematy:
late medieval epigraphy
tombstones
Siedlnica
Żagań
Opis:
The aim of this text was to verify the current state of research and broaden the knowledge concerning late medieval tombstones from the area of contemporary Poland. Relatively verified readings of epigraphic inscriptions from three tombstones: one from Siedlnica and two from Żagań, have been read and published in it for the very first time. The tombstone from Siedlnica from 1448 is so far the oldest registered tombstone with a German inscription from the area of the Kingdom of Poland in the period before 1454–1466 (until the incorporation of Prussia). It was already known, but the reading of the inscription’s content was unsatisfactory. A similar verification was carried out in the case of Katharina von Miltitz’s tombstone plate from Żagań dating back to 1479. It was also known to previous researchers of the issue. Whereas, the Jakob Lichtenberg’s tombstone from 1419, developed by us, was introduced into the scientific circulation for the first time. In addition to strictly epigraphic knowledge, a better elaboration of these sources also enriches the knowledge in the field of prosopography and genealogy of people who have been commemorated by them.
Źródło:
Studia z Dziejów Średniowiecza; 2023, 26; 404-420
2544-2562
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Dziejów Średniowiecza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Arbor praedicandi. Kilka uwag o dispositio w kazaniach średniowiecznych (na przykładzie kazania Mikołaja z Błonia)
Autorzy:
Grzybowska, Lidia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/636263.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
arbor picta, arbor praedicandi, ars praedicandi, late medieval preaching
Opis:
Arbor praedicandi. A few remarks on dispositio in medieval sermons (based on Nicholas of Błonie’s sermo 39 “Semen est verbum Dei”)The main goal of the article is to present the motif of a compositional tree-shaped scheme called arbor picta (arbor praedicandi) and to show it against the field of rhetorical elements such as dispositio and memoria as found in medieval sermons. The basic sources for the analysis of this issue are two fourteenth-century theoretical treatises on the art of preaching (manuals: Libellus artis preadicatorie of Jacob of Fusignano and Tractatulus solennis de arte et vero modo praedicandi of Pseudo-Thomas Aquinas), and one of the sermons from the collection de tempore of fifteenth-century Polish preacher Nicholas of Błonie (Dominica sexagesime: sermo 39 “Semen est verbum Dei”). The problems of arbor praedicandi, which are a part of a broader field of study on the structure of sermons, editorial methods of texts and memorable techniques, were the subject of interest of many researchers such as H. Caplan, O.A. Dieter, S. Khan, S. Wenzel. In Poland, this issue has not yet become a subject of proper study.In order to analyse the scheme in the treatises of Jacob of Fusignano and Pseudo- Thomas Aquinas, and in the sample sermon, the article briefly outlines the existence of topics and images of the tree in the writings of the Middle Ages (eg. lignum vitae, arbor sapientiae, arbor amoris). Then the essay presents fragments from the manuals of Jacob of Fusignano and Pseudo-Thomas Aquinas in which the authors discussed the scheme and explained its importance for the practice of preaching. Analysis of sample sermons – the article uses sermo 39 of Nicholas of Błonie’s collection de tempore – shows the creative use of the tree scheme in the sermon by the Polish preacher (with the specula- tive assumption that Nicholas of Błonie knew Jacob of Fusignano’s theory of preaching). The paper also pays particular attention to the circumstances of the development of the art of preaching in the late Middle Ages in Poland. Finally, the article focuses on the importance of the concept of the sermon as a tree for the elements of rhetoric such as dispositio /divisio /partito and memoria. It proves that the use of the tree scheme in presenting abstract concepts and structuring of text allowed preachers and audiences to visualise vague and often difficult ideas, as well as to describe their relationship within the sermons’ topics. Therefore the use of the schema in the Middle Ages had great significance for ars memorativa and the didactic dimensions.
Źródło:
Terminus; 2014, 16, 3(32)
2084-3844
Pojawia się w:
Terminus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wokół głównychkierunków studiów nad ukraińskimi retorykami barokowymi
Autorzy:
Cyganok, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/636275.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
arbor picta, arbor praedicandi, ars praedicandi, late medieval preaching
Opis:
On the main trends in studies of Ukrainian baroque rhetoricThe author illustrates the state of the art about the theory of rhetoric in Ukraine in the 17th and 18th centuries. She indicates the main results of studies of the ancient Ukrainian rhetoric manuals: academic descriptions (by Mykola Petrov and Volodymyr Lytvynov), a publication of the Rhetoric of Teofan Prokopovych (by Renate Lachmann), some Ukrainian translations (by Myroslav Rohovych, Vitalii Masluk etc.) and main interpretations (by Renate Lachmann, Dmytro Nalyvaiko and Marek Skwara).The author makes a survey of the contributions written by previous scholars and indicates why their approach was only partial. To some extent she puts this down to ideological reasons. The author indicates that the texts of rhetoric and poetic treatises were often confused or dealt with in the same course, whereas the latter could be shorter or longer. Individual preferences and occasional reasons could induce the teacher/writer of rhetoric or poetics to look for various solutions and to adapt the course to the needs of the students, school or circumstances. Modern research into baroque Ukrainian rhetoric courses is critically analysed based on textual study of the sources. The necessity for a re-edition of the following fundamental academic works is substantiated: the description of eloquence courses in Kiev-Mohyla Academy by Vladimir Lytvynov and the Ukrainian translation of a rhetoric treatise by Feofan Prokopovych (1706). The following key directions for research have been specified: 1) modern description of treatises stored in Ukrainian libraries, based on descriptions by Nikolay Petrov and Vladimir Lytvynov, with corrections to detected inaccuracies and additions; 2) publication of the texts of selected rhetoric courses at a modern academic level (introductory research article, photo-copy of the original, detailed comments); 3) a Ukrainian translation; 4) monographic studies of (a search for classic and renaissance or baroque) Western sources and models of Ukrainian rhetoric, determination of style dominant etc.). The search for Jesuit rhetoric in Ukraine is a task that scholarship must initiate. The author indicates her future methods in her planned investigation. She intends to begin by choosing one important text that has not yet been properly investigated (for example, the Manuductio (1736)). The project of publishing all the texts with a modern translation is sensible. The first thing to do is to make texts accessible to a large number of scholars. The conclusion is drawn that the 1980s and early 1990s were the most fruitful period for studies of ancient Ukrainian rhetoric courses.
Źródło:
Terminus; 2014, 16, 3(32)
2084-3844
Pojawia się w:
Terminus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Is Nicolaus Copernicus still mysterious? Images from the life of the astronomer on the eve of the 550th anniversary of his birth
Mikołaj Kopernik wciąż tajemniczy? Obrazki z życia astronoma w przededniu 550. rocznicy urodzin
Autorzy:
Mikulski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121104.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Nicolaus Copernicus
Late Medieval Period
social history
historical anniversary
Opis:
This article is a summary of the author's research into the background, social environment and other elements of Nicolaus Copernicus' biography. The author draws attention to the genesis of the dispute over the astronomer's “nationality” and emphasises his nineteenth-century origins. The author points to the influ- ence of the partitions of Poland on the one hand, and the rise of German nationa- lism on the other, as the main reasons for its emergence. He emphasises the fact of Copernicus' loyalty to the Polish king and, consequently, Copernicus' histo- rically understood “Polishness”. The author discusses the history of the astrono- mer's home town - Toruń, its economic and political role in the 13–16th centuries and, in particular, the commercial confederation linking the city and its merchants with Western and Northern Europe, the lands of the Polish Kingdom, Upper Hungary (today's Slovakia) and Silesia. These links indicate the causes and directions of merchant migration that led to the appearance of the Copernicus family in Toruń. The author put forward a thesis on the Westphalian origin of the family of Nicolaus Copernicus' mother, Watzenrode. The family came from the village of Wazerath (in the 15th century Watzenrode), situated near the German- Belgian border. The Watzenrode family arrived in Toruń in the first half of the Mikołaj Kopernik wciąż tajemniczy? 89 14th century together with a wave of migrants from Westphalian towns with Soest and Dortmund at the head. Of the 8 great-grandmothers of Copernicus, 6 came from families directly descended from Westphalia, one from Ruthenia, and one from Livonia. The Watzenrode family belonged to the elite of Toruń's patri- cians - three of its members were local councillors and three jurors, and five of its representatives went on to study at university. There was a tradition in the fa- mily of striving to achieve high social prestige through a clerical career for its members, taken from John Abezier, and continued by the astronomer's uncle, Łukasz Watzenrode, both bishops of Warmia. The astronomer's father's family came from Silesia, not from the village of Koperniki, but from the town of Nysa. The surname “Copernicus” had a professional character, being connected with the mining or processing of copper. In Nysa the Koperniks were recorded in the bench book under the name “Kopersmed”, which was a translation of their Slavic surname into the official language of the books – German. Considered in earlier literature to be the astronomer's grandfather, John Copernicus was probably his father Andrew's cousin. However, he played a significant role in the life of the astronomer's family. It was probably thanks to Jan Nicolaus Copernicus that his father went from Nysa to Cracow for a merchant apprenticeship to Jan Sweid- niczer, and later, thanks to the relationship with this merchant, he went to Prussia and settled in Toruń. Nicolaus Copernicus was not the youngest child in his family. This misconception was caused by the order in which the children of Nicolaus and Barbara Copernicus were listed in a genealogical table prepared by the Gdańsk writer Stanisław Bornbach. Earlier biographers of Copernicus con- sidered this order to be chronological, whereas it was alphabetical. In contem- porary sources Nicolaus appears twice before his brother Andrew (never in re- verse order), which is sufficient evidence for the recognition of his seniority in relation to his brother. The astronomer was born in Toruń, but not in the tene- ment house at 15 Kopernik Street, where today there is a part of the museum devoted to him. This house belonged to the astronomer's family in the years 1458–1480, but probably already in 1468 they moved to the tenement house at 36 Rynek Staromiejski, half of which belonged to the Watzenrode family already at the end of the 14th century, and the other half was bought by the astronomer's father in 1468. Anna Schilling, hailed in literature as the “lady of the heart” of the astronomer approaching the end of his days, was most probably his cousin from Gdańsk. She was the daughter of Nicolaus Copernicus' cousin. She lived in From- bork as a widow, rather as a carer of her elderly and probably already ailing cou- sin. The question of Copernicus' place of rest in Frombork Cathedral is still open. The identification of his remains still raises some doubts among researchers, especially anthropologists and geneticists. Despite these reservations, the author concludes that our knowledge of Nicolaus Copernicus' background, youth and private life on the eve of his 550th birthday is much greater than it was even several decades after his death and only a few years ago
Źródło:
Nauka; 2022, 1; 73-92
1231-8515
Pojawia się w:
Nauka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Murowany zamek prokuratorów krzyżackich w Bytowie w średniowieczu. Chronologia wznoszenia, rozplanowanie i układ przestrzenny
The Medieval Brick Castle of the Teutonic Pflegers in Bytów: Construction Chronology, Layout and Spatial Arrangement
Autorzy:
Jóźwiak, Sławomir
Wasik, Bogusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32388140.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-31
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Teutonic Order
Teutonic castles
Teutonic Pflegers
Bytów
medieval fortifications
late medieval warfare
Opis:
Teutonic castles in Prussia have long captivated the interest of scholars, with greater emphasis placed on the fortresses of Teutonic commanders and, notably, Malbork Castle. Lesser attention, however, has been given to the castles of lower-ranking Teutonic officials. One such castle is the Teutonic Pflegers’ fortress in Bytów, which stands to this day. Research on this site has been ongoing since the early 20th century, primarily conducted by art historians who have predominantly relied on architectural elements to delve into the castle’s construction chronology and spatial arrangement. Remarkably, numerous written accounts, both medieval and modern (16th–17th centuries), have been preserved concerning this castle. By incorporating these historical documents alongside archaeological findings made over the past three decades, the authors have reassessed prior conclusions about the castle’s early history and reconstituted its medieval spatial layout. Regrettably, little information is available regarding the initial residence of the Teutonic Pflegers in Bytów during the latter half of the 14th century. The brick castle was erected around the turn of the 15th century, displaying a rectangular design with four corner towers. The primary building was located on the northwestern side. Within the courtyard, a distinctive feature was a transverse wall that divided the castle into two sections, viewing from the side of the kitchen. This architectural choice was distinct from other fortifications of Teutonic officials constructed in the first half of the 15th century in Prussia. The design of the castle in Bytów was innovative, while its architecture and spatial layout were to align with the evolving demands of warfare, such as the development of firearms.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2023, 88, 4; 5-37
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Późnośredniowieczna i nowożytna ceramika kamionkowa z posesji przy ul. ks. Posadzego 5 w Poznaniu – z badań przeprowadzonych w latach 2010–2011
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
late medieval and modern stoneware
Poznań
Lusatian stoneware
Bolesławiec stoneware
Opis:
This paper examines stoneware recovered during 2010–2011 excavations at ul. Ks. Posadzego 5, Poznań. The assemblage consists of 128 potsherds. Recognised and analysed were fragments of economic containers, sherds of mineral water bottles, plates produced in central-west England, vessels from Trzebiel, Bolesławiec and Waldenburg as well as Lusatian stoneware.
Źródło:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia; 2016, 21; 201-212
0239-8524
2450-5846
Pojawia się w:
Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Początki komun(y) w miastach średniowiecznych Włoch w świetle rozważań Chrisa Wickhama
Autorzy:
Pomierny-Wąsińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
komuna włoska
późnośredniowieczne miasto
mediewistyka
Włochy
Italian commune
late medieval city
medieval studies
Italy
Opis:
Chris Wickham podjął dyskusję na temat jednego z najważniejszych zagadnień włoskiej mediewistyki – powstania komun w miastach Półwyspu Apenińskiego. Artykuł prezentuje tezy autora, charakteryzuje jego instrumentarium oraz umiejscawia jego studium na tle innych prac podejmujących tę problematykę na przestrzeni ostatnich kilku dekad. Chris Wickham has undertaken a discussion about one of the most important problems of Italian medieval studies: the emergence of communes in Italian cities. The article presents Wickham’s theses, characterizes his instrumentarium, and places his study against the background of other works on the same subject published in last decades.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Historyczny; 2018, 125, 3
0023-5903
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Historyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyniki badań archeologicznych na stanowisku nr 14 w Dąbrówce, gm. Kowal, woj. kujawsko-pomorskie
The results of archaeological field surveys on site no. 14 in Dąbrówka, commune Kowal, the Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship
Autorzy:
Nierychlewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/896937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Dziedzictwa
Tematy:
Late Middle Ages
production settlement
pottery workshop
pottery kiln
late medieval pottery
Modern period pottery
Opis:
Site 14 in Dąbrówka, on the motorway A-1 (Kowal interchange). Field survey covered a total area of 113.6 ares with 140 archaeological features discovered – such as a pottery workshop, pottery kiln, hearths, utility buildings, granaries, storage pits, dated back to late Middle Ages. Also 14 306 artifacts were obtained (pottery, metal, animal bones). The set was dominated by late medieval materials from the 14th – 1 half 15th century.
Źródło:
Raport; 2014, 9; 345-382
2300-0511
Pojawia się w:
Raport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Knowing Without Digging? Non-invasive Research of the Krzczonów Earthwork and its Surroundings
Autorzy:
Wroniecki, Piotr
Brejcha, Roman
Sikora, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/497949.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Instytut Archeologii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Muzeum Okręgowe w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
Krzczonów
non-destructive archaeology
motte-type castle
Late Medieval Period,
Early Modern Period
Opis:
The topic of this paper is a non-invasive research case study of a protected monument mound in Krzczonów, Świętokrzyskie voivodeship in Lesser Poland. It explores the possibilities of noninvasive methodological approaches in the recognition of archaeological sources by asking whether it is possible to procure relevant information without conducting excavations. A new interpretation of the mound’s function and chronology is based on data derived from multimethod field surveys including remote sensing (satellite imagery, UAV, light aircraft, ALS), geophysical (magnetic gradiometry, earth resistance), total station measurements and analytical field walking prospection along with comparison of archival field-walking data. We would like to hypothesize that, contrary to the protected monument list, the Krzczonów earthwork is not a prehistoric feature but could be related to the end of 14th up to the beginning of the 16th century. In this case it could be understood as a remnant of a motte-type castle
Źródło:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia; 2017, 12; 177-198
2084-4409
Pojawia się w:
Analecta Archaeologica Ressoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quarters in the Municipal Authority System in Late Medieval Prussian Towns
Autorzy:
Czaja, Roman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
urban history
Prussian towns
urban space
urban community
late medieval towns and cities
Opis:
The article seeks to comparatively analyse the functions implemented in the Late Middle Ages by quarters in the main towns or cities of Prussia, including Rechtstadt Danzig (Main City of Gdańsk), Altstadt Königsberg (Old Town of Königsberg [today Kaliningrad]), Braunsberg (Braniewo), Altstadt Thorn (Toruń), and Kulm (Chełmno). Special attention is placed on answering the question of how the quarters participated in the municipal authority structures and the relationships between town councils and the commons. Quarters in Prussian towns developed since the fifteenth century, somewhat later than in East Central European towns. Establishment of these units was based on several premises: organisation of fiscal accountancy, fire safety concerns, military purposes, and town councils’ strivings to reinforce control over the dwellers. Influenced by the city revolts at the beginning of the fifteenth and in the sixteenth century, town councils took efforts to create a system of mobilisation and communication with the inhabitants that would work without the intermediation of guilds (as in Elbing [Elbląg], Danzig, and Thorn). Subordination of the older quarters to the municipal authorities caused, moreover, that in the face of internal or external threat, the community appeared as a community ruled by town councillors.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2019, 119
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Measuring and Shaping the Late Medieval City: Mathematical Descriptions of City Walls in Florence and Milan
Autorzy:
Pomierny-Wąsińska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953681.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
urban form
city walls
late medieval urban chronicles
description of cities
perception of urban space
Opis:
The article presents the use of mathematical tools (both calculation and geometry) in the perception of late medieval urban space. For this purpose, two descriptions of city walls of the late medieval Italian city have been compared. The first describes the city walls of Florence, and originates from Giovanni Villani’s Nuova Cronica; the second pertains to the fortifications of Milan, and originates from the much less known Cronica extravagans by Galvano Fiamma. Both authors used data from measurements and knowledge of the principles of geometry to illustrate the splendour of their respective cities and to help readers visualize them.
Źródło:
Kwartalnik Historyczny; 2019, 126, 3
0023-5903
Pojawia się w:
Kwartalnik Historyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praktycystyczna koncepcja filozofii człowieka jako podstawa rozumienia prawa naturalnego (na przykładzie ujęcia Pawła z Worczyna)
Practicist concept of philosophical anthropology of Paul of Worczin as a foundation of natural law theory
Autorzy:
Płotka, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452673.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
Tematy:
prawo naturalne
praktycyzm
filozofia późnośredniowieczna
historia filozofii
natural law
practicism
late medieval philosophy
history of philosophy
Opis:
In the late medieval political philosophy one can observe the original concept of natural law. It has been innovative doctrine when compared to the theories of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas. Its originality relies on grasping (natural) law as a feature of a subject, not as a feature of the world-structure. Among representatives of such a theories there can be mentioned William Ockham, Francesco Suarez and Polish philosophers: Paul Vladimiri and Stanisław of Skarbimierz. The aim of this article is to examine in what extent late medieval natural law theories assume the innovative anthropology, which enhances the role of will, and passes over the role of reason. There is going to be argued that coherent anthropology which can be applied as a foundation of natural law theory, can be found in Paul’s of Worczin anthropology and ethics.
Źródło:
Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2012, 1; 161-181
2300-1976
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Tomistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
(Wild)haus w Bezławkach (Bayselauken, Bäslack) – uwagi na temat budownictwa warownego zakonu niemieckiego w późnośredniowiecznych Prusach
(Wild)haus in Bezławki (Bayselauken, Bäslack) – remarks on the construction of fortifications of the Teutonic Order in late medieval Prussia
Autorzy:
Kwiatkowski, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe w Toruniu
Tematy:
Late Middle Ages
late medieval Prussia
Warmia (Ermland)
castles
construction of fortifications
the military affairs in the Late Middle Ages
conflicts
Opis:
The article constitutes a collection of remarks concerning military aspects of the construction and functioning of the Teutonic Order’s castle in Bäslack (Bayselauken, Bezławki) in the last decades of the 14th century. Considerations included in the article refer to opinions expressed by the authors of the collective monograph about the late medieval settlement complex in Bezławki published in 2013. It presents the findings of archeological research in the castle and the village in the years 2008–2012. Remarks presented in the article concern three out of six problems which are considered the most essential. While it goes beyond doubt that the castle played an important defensive role and fulfiled function as a getaway spot, the hypothesis of it being a „fortified camp” for the army troops during military actions of the Teutonic Order against the Lithuanians and Ruthenians has been undermined. It is not possible to consider it to play a military role on a strategic level, as do the authors of the monograph of 2013. In the second part of the article the author undermines the hypothesis about the „system” character of the complexes of fortifications situated on the eastern outskirts of Prussia. If the castle in Bäslack was indeed part of some defensive system, this could operate only on the local level and consist of an insignificant number of elements including longitudinal fortifications constituting the so called „landwere”. The next issue addressed by the author was a problem of the typological character of the term „wildhaus”. As in the 14th century the term connoted the location of the fortification on the edges of the Wildniss-areas, the author shows a far-reaching morphological diversity of fortifications on the eastern outskirts of Prussia, which were or could be classified as „wildhaus”. Thus, a „wildhaus” cannot be classified as a morphological type of a fortification. The typology of fortifications based on the morphological criteria cannot be connected with the typology based on the administrative and terminological criteria. Archeological examination of the Bäslack fortification complex evinces its major cognitive potential and makes us aware of how little is known about the functioning of minor fortifications in late medieval Prussia. Further research in this research field belongs to one of the most important elements of historical science in the Prussian regional dimension and related humanities.
Źródło:
Zapiski Historyczne; 2016, 81, 2; 7-46
0044-1791
2449-8637
Pojawia się w:
Zapiski Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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