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Tytuł:
Przyswajanie języka pierwszego - imitacja czy wrodzony dar? Analiza na podstawie wybranych teorii akwizycji języka ojczystego oraz podstawowych systemów językowych
Autorzy:
Włodarska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/645422.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
first language
language acquisition
language systems
imitation
innate gift
Opis:
First language acquisition – imitation or innate gift? Analysis based on selected theories of first language acquisition and basic language systemsThis article deals with a surprising phenomenon typical only for human beings – first language acquisition. Its aim is to answer the question as stated in the title. The author, an English teacher working in a nursery school, looks for the answer using references to theories connected with this topic, and in addition, takes into consideration the speech of children she is in charge of. In order to demonstrate the sophisticated nature of human language, the author refers to several definitions of this term. She presents the term ‘mother tongue’ and analyses the ways of acquiring its phonetic, phonological, morphological and syntactic systems by children. She also gives numerous examples of the most common mistakes found in their speech, taken from Polish and English languages. Furthermore, three major theories regarding first language acquisition, presenting the approach of Piaget, Chomsky and Skinner to this phenomenon, are described in the article. The author reaches the conclusion that first language acquisition is a mixture of imitation and innate gift. The role of the physical mechanism enabling a human being to produce speech and that of contact with the language of a child’s parents merits emphasizing also. The result of these factors is the possibility of language acquisition.
Źródło:
Adeptus; 2013, 1
2300-0783
Pojawia się w:
Adeptus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fluency in second language writing: A developmental perspective
Autorzy:
Kowal, Iwona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/634503.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
writing fluency, second language development, Dynamic Systems Theory
Opis:
The paper presents a longitudinal study of writing fluency in second language students. The aim was to follow the development of the students’ fluency during a three-year period in which they studied Swedish as a second language. Fifteen Polish university students participated in the study. The analysis shows that fluency develops non-linearly with some peaks in the average developmental curve. Furthermore, we observed both between- and within-individual variability in fluency in text production. The development of fluency is unpredictable and no one subject mirrors in their development the average curve. Individual differences were observed at every step of second language development. The analysis shows that writers who are slow at typing are not automatically less fluent and that subjects who develop more slowly can achieve a high level of fluency in writing. In general, writers who were slower and less fluent at the beginning made the greatest progress in fluency during the three-year period, compared with those who were more skilled with regard to both language and typing, who achieved a certain level of fluency faster than their fellow students.
Źródło:
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis; 2014, 131, 3
2083-4624
Pojawia się w:
Studia Linguistica Universitatis Iagellonicae Cracoviensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Informatyczne technologie języka – wyzwania dla polskiej lingwistyki. Na przykładach z badań własnych
Autorzy:
Vetulani, Zygmunt
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/567934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
lingwistyka komputerowa
technologie języka
zasoby językowe
systemy z kompetencją językową
computational linguistics
language technologies
language resources
systems with language competence
Opis:
In order to exemplify complexity and diversity of problems that language engineers are faced with we present selected works in the field of human language technologies that have been done within research projects of the Department of Computer Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań over the last 30 years. These are first of all contributions in creation of language resources including lexicons, grammars, Polish wordnet, as well as creation of systems with emulated language competence. Our aim is to illustrate – via our contributions – a number of challenges facing today’s linguistics of the Polish language. We also intend to bring the reader’s attention to the fact that many of these challenges is – and will continue to be – still valid. This overview does not pretend to completeness. In particular, the very important area of speech processing is passed over.
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiamy wybrane prace ilustrujące złożoność i różnorodność problemów, z którymi konfrontowani są twórcy systemów z kompetencją językową. Przegląd szczegółowy obejmuje wybór informatycznych technologii języka naturalnego w ramach projektów realizowanych w Zakładzie Lingwistyki Informatycznej i Sztucznej Inteligencji UAM w ostatnim 30-leciu. Są to przede wszystkim prace z zakresu tworzenia zasobów leksykalnych, gramatycznych i semantycznych oraz systemów z kompetencją językową. Celem przeglądu jest ilustracja, konkretnymi zadaniami, wybranych wyzwań, przed którymi stanęła w drugiej połowie XX wieku lingwistyka polska. Jednocześnie staramy się zwrócić uwagę na fakt, że większość z tych wyzwań jest i nadal będzie aktualna. Przegląd ten nie pretenduje do kompletności, w szczególności nie obejmuje całego, bardzo ważnego sektora przetwarzania mowy.
Źródło:
Linguistica Copernicana; 2017, 14
2080-1068
2391-7768
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Copernicana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Towards Lexicon-Grammar Verbnets Through Lexical Ontologies
Autorzy:
Vetulani, Zygmunt
Vetulani, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341273.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
lexical ontology
synonymy
valency structure
wordnet
PolNet
Lexicon-Grammar Verbnet
IT systems with language competence
Opis:
In this article, we present research directly inspired by the Princeton WordNet lexical ontology project (Miller, Fellbaum), which was a response to the real need for ontologies corresponding to the natural conceptualization common to all language users, within a given natural language, or within a specific sublanguage. Lexical ontologies for a given language or language subsystem determined by the scope of communication needs turn out to be useful and even necessary for constructing formal models of linguistic competence and, consequently, for designing and implementing AI systems with linguistic communicative competence, both passive and active. An important milestone of the research program presented in this work is the acquisition of tools in the form of extensive lexical ontologies of a new type, referred to in this work as Lexicon-Grammar Verbnets. In the article, we refer to the works of authors such as: Alain Colmerauer, Charles Fillmore, Christiane Fellbaum, Gaston Gross, Maurice Gross, Thomas R. Gruber, Richard Kittredge, George A. Miller, Martha Palmer, Kazimierz Polański, and Piek Vossen.
Źródło:
Neophilologica; 2023, 35; 1-32
0208-5550
2353-088X
Pojawia się w:
Neophilologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Instruction driven CPU in the FPGA structure
Autorzy:
Gracki, K.
Pawłowski, M.
Skorupski, A.
Szymański, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114606.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
processor
FPGA systems
VHDL language
Opis:
The paper presents the design of processors embedded in an FPGA structure. The type of processor is determined by the preset instruction list. Each instruction is implemented as one functional block attached to a common bus. The processor contains two additional blocks: one contains a common register block and second is responsible for the fetch of the instruction from the program memory. To design the processor, one can choose the instruction set from the library of instructions components. The library is a set of VHDL descriptions of all possible instructions.
Źródło:
Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2016, 62, 5; 169-171
2450-2855
Pojawia się w:
Measurement Automation Monitoring
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of optimization algorithms of connectionist temporal classifier for speech recognition system
Porównanie algorytmów optymalizacji klasyfikatora czasowego do systemu rozpoznawania mowy
Autorzy:
Amirgaliyev, Yedilkhan
Darkhan, Kuanyshbay
Shoiynbek, Aisultan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/408796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
recurrent neural network
search method
acoustic
systems modeling language
rekurencyjna sieć neuronowa
metoda wyszukiwania
akustyka
język modelowania systemów
Opis:
This paper evaluates and compares the performances of three well-known optimization algorithms (Adagrad, Adam, Momentum) for faster training the neural network of CTC algorithm for speech recognition. For CTC algorithms recurrent neural network has been used, specifically Long- Short-Term memory. LSTM is effective and often used model. Data has been downloaded from VCTK corpus of Edinburgh University. The results of optimization algorithms have been evaluated by the Label error rate and CTC loss.
W artykule dokonano oceny i porównania wydajności trzech znanych algorytmów optymalizacyjnych (Adagrad, Adam, Momentum) w celu przyspieszenia treningu sieci neuronowej algorytmu CTC do rozpoznawania mowy. Dla algorytmów CTC wykorzystano rekurencyjną sieć neuronową, w szczególności LSTM, która jest efektywnym i często używanym modelem. Dane zostały pobrane z wydziału VCTK Uniwersytetu w Edynburgu. Wyniki algorytmów optymalizacyjnych zostały ocenione na podstawie wskaźników Label error i CTC loss.
Źródło:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska; 2019, 9, 3; 54-57
2083-0157
2391-6761
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A probabilistic model of Ancient Egyptian writing
Autorzy:
Nederhof, M.-J.
Rahman, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103801.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Podstaw Informatyki PAN
Tematy:
Ancient Egyptian
writing systems
language models
Opis:
This article offers a formalization of how signs form words in Ancient Egyptian writing, for either hieroglyphic or hieratic texts. The formalization is in terms of a sequence of sign functions, which concurrently produce a sequence of signs and a sequence of phonemes. By involving a class of probabilistic automata, we can define the most likely sequence of sign functions that relates a given sequence of signs to a given sequence of phonemes. Experiments with two texts are discussed.
Źródło:
Journal of Language Modelling; 2017, 5, 1; 131-163
2299-856X
2299-8470
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Language Modelling
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elementy logiki w polskiej szkole matematycznej. Wkład Stanisława Leśniewskiego
Elements of Logic in the Polish School of Mathematics. The contribution of Stanisław Leśniewski
Autorzy:
Obojska, Lidia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
symbolic language
functors
antinomy
Leśniewski’s systems
Opis:
In the presented paper we would like to focus on the scientific activity of the one of the members of the Warsaw School of Logic. It is supposed that the world famous formalisms of Polish logicians were mainly stimulated by Stanisław Leśniewski. If this is true, Leśniewski can be considered as the main ideologist of Warsaw School. The first part of this paper is dedicated to a very brief presentation of the history of Polish logic in the period 1910-1939. Next, we present the main ideas of the Warsaw School of Logic and in particular the contribution of Stanisław Leśniewski: his original system of three theories: protothetics, ontology and mereology and their novelty in comparison with classical thought. Finally, we try to show the influence of Leśniewski’s innovative ideas on other members of the school.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2013, 53; 165-197
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reflections on complexity: TESOL researchers reflect on their experiences
Autorzy:
Kostoulas, Achilleas I.
Mercer, Sarah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783234.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
SLA
language learning
complex dynamics systems theory
Opis:
Complex Dynamic Systems Theory (CDST), or complexity, is increasingly being used as a theoretical framework in Applied Linguistics. In this article, we present the reflections of researchers in Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL) about how they have made use of complexity in their work. The aim of this article is to take stock of how it is being used in the field, the challenges and benefits it provides, as well as inspiration for future work from this theoretical perspective. In the first part of the article, we present a concise overview of CDST, focusing specifically on three salient features: its holistic lens, its non-linear perspective on causality, and its focus on emergence and self-organisation. We also take stock of how complexity perspectives have been used to inform research in a variety of applied linguistics topics. We then move on to present narratives provided by nine academics who have employed CDST in their work, which we synthesise with a view to showing how the theory has gradually developed in TESOL. Early encounters of the field with CDST were usually serendipitous, but the theory has so far proved to be useful, both on account of its descriptive power and because of its phenomenological validity. A common theme in the narratives of these experiences of complexity researchers is that complexity is associated with a steep learning curve, compounded by terminological opacity, and conceptual challenges. However, their responses also indicate optimism regarding the potential of the theory to inform research in TESOL and applied linguistics more generally.
Źródło:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition; 2018, 4, 2
2450-5455
2451-2125
Pojawia się w:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The dynamism of strategic learning: Complexity theory in strategic L2 development
Autorzy:
Amerstorfer, Carmen M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
CDST
complex dynamic systems
complexity theory
dynamism
language learning strategies
strategic language learning
Opis:
Learners of foreign languages (L2s) apply strategies to support learning processes and L2 development. They select strategies according to their individual needs and preferences and adjust their strategic actions to suit situational circumstances and contextual conditions. A holistic investigation of strategic L2 learning processes requires the integration of numerous interconnected, flexibly-interacting influences, which are at constant interplay with each other and whose development is difficult to predict. Validated as effective in other fields of applied linguistics, complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) can also provide an appropriate frame for researching strategic L2 learning. Based on state-of-the-art methodological guidance for complexity research, this article presents the re-analysis of empirical data from a previous study through a complexity lens. It further examines the suitability of CDST in strategy research, explores its practical value, and demonstrates that a complexity perspective can generate new, profound information about strategic learning.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2020, 10, 1; 21-44
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Data warehouse design based on UML language
Autorzy:
Barczak, A.
Wolski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92946.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
data warehouses
rational unified process
IT systems
modeling IT systems
UML
Unified Modeling Language
Opis:
Modern management in organizations of the 21st century are efficient and dynamic decisions based on collected and well analyzed data. There are growing needs with regard of data analysis related to multiplanar work in corporations force formation of new data warehouses whose construction becomes more and more complex. In this paper we present one of the design methodologies applying to the design of data warehouses. Transformations were particularly emphasized that enable the application of UML models involving Common Warehouse Metamodel.
Źródło:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology; 2008, 1(10); 37-48
1731-2264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design of a Javanese Intelligent Tutor: an alternative to preserve endangered languages
Projekt inteligentnego tłumacza języka jawajskiego jako alternatywa dla zachowania zagrożonych języków
Autorzy:
Wibawa, A.P.
Nafalski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/159363.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Elektrotechniki
Tematy:
inteligentne systemy uczące
język jawajski
intelligent tutoring systems
Javanese language
Opis:
Language is a means of communication in writing and in speech, is important part of culture of every nation, and helps to maintain the history and civilization. The domination of languages such as English reduces the significance of local languages and makes them marginalised. Many research projects address endangered languages, in the attempted vitalisation methods and development of theireffectiveteaching methods. The article discusses Intelligent Tutoring System as applied to Artificial Javanese Intelligent Tutor (AJI-Tutor).
Język jest środkiem komunikacji w piśmie i w mowie. Jest ważną częścią kultury każdego narodu, służy zachowaniu historii i cywilizacji. Dominacja języków takich jak angielski zmniejsza znaczenie lokalnych języków i przyczynia się do ich marginalizacji. Wiele projektów badawczych adresuje zagrożone języki, w próbie ożywienia metod ich witalizacji i rozwoju metod ich nauczania. Artykuł omawia Intelligent Tutoring Systems w zastosowaniu do Artificial Javanese Intelligent Tutor (AJI Tutor).
Źródło:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki; 2010, 247; 25-36
0032-6216
Pojawia się w:
Prace Instytutu Elektrotechniki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Reconciled with complexity in research on cognitive systems
Autorzy:
Rączaszek-Leonardi, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/632638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Projekt Avant
Tematy:
social sciences methodology
complexity
dynamical systems
in- ter-activity
language
Opis:
The causes of human behavior cannot be simple. Every move we make has a nested hierarchy of causes that affect its direction, timing and form. The billiard-ball type of causality that is usually assumed to explain human action cannot give sufficient justice to this complexity. In this paper, I point to those perspectives that respect the complexity of cognitive systems and recognize that cognition involves changes on many nested time scales and in many ne- sted systems. A brief overview of methods that are suitable for dealing with such interaction-dominant complex systems is presented and used as a back- ground for describing a specific research program with the aim of clarifying the role of language as one of the nested factors shaping cognition. I illustrate this endeavor with two studies: one concerning the development of language as interaction control and another detailing how language may shape cogni- tive processes on several timescales. Reconciliation with complexity leads us to ask slightly different questions and expect different answers than when using simplified componential models of cognition and helps demarcate the limits of predictability.
Źródło:
Avant; 2016, 7, 2
2082-6710
Pojawia się w:
Avant
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antroponimia mieszczańska na obszarach kontaktowych polsko-ukraińskich w XVI–XVII wieku
Autorzy:
Mytnik, Irena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789853.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-04-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
burghers
additional post-positive identifi ers
language interference
anthroponymic systems
Opis:
This paper is devoted to a discussion of the anthroponymy of burghers in the former Chelmia territory. It presents naming patterns used among Polish and Ukrainian people. The most important issues discussed in this paper are as follows: − a presentation and characteristics of naming styles using ele ments after the fi rst name which refer to men, with an indication of the frequency of the suffi xes; − the similarities and dissimilarities between Ukrainian and Polish anthroponymy in olden day, the scope of mutual interference between the Polish and Ukrainian lan guages and diff erent anthroponymic systems. Materials for this paper are composed of archival and prints sources.
Źródło:
Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia; 2018, 6; 225-236
2299-7237
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A drama of selves: Investigating teacher identity development from dialogical and complexity perspectives
Autorzy:
Henry, Alastair
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780435.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
language teacher identity
complex dynamic systems
dialogical self
practicum learning
Opis:
Identity is of increasing interest in teacher education. Crucial for resilience, the development of a coherent professional identity has been characterized as emerging from tensions between multiple and sometimes conflicting conceptions of what it means to be someone who teaches (Akkerman & Meijer, 2011). While light is being shed on these often antagonistic relations, less is known about the dynamics of identity formation and transformation. Providing a contribution to work on language teacher identity, in this single case study Hermans’ (2008) concept of the dialogical self is combined with complexity principles in an investigation of changes in the emerging professional identity of a pre-service English teacher during a practicum. Drawing on intra- and inter-personal data, experiences of learning to become a person who teaches English are conceptualized as a drama that is played out between different and sometimes unaligned selves. Analyses show how this inner drama maps onto the landscape of an emerging teacher identity, how tensions can be understood systemically, and how a teacher identity system can have a signature dynamic.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2019, 9, 2; 263-285
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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