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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 19
Tytuł:
Filozofia w kontekście (historycznym) techniki
Philosophy in the (historical) context of technology
Autorzy:
Rodzeń, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/691180.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
technology
philosophy in technology
Jay David Bolter
philosophy in science
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to show some aspects of the interplay between technology and philosophy in the context of western culture. In the first section the author considers the possibility of applying M. Heller's strategy called 'philosophy in science' to technology. 'Philosophy in technology' should not be seen as a competitor for philosophy of technology but rather as a complementary philosophical account. The second section introduces the concept of 'defining technology' drawn primarily on some considerations of J.D. Bolter. In the third one the author tries to discuss four 'defining technologies': craft technology of antiquity, mechanical clock, steam engine, computer, and their metaphorical influence on the ways of viewing the world and the man. In the final section it is argued that besides science, religion, philosophy, arts etc., technology also has its significant contribution to the image of the world throughout the history.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2007, 40; 76-110
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola sójki (Garrulus glandarius) w inicjowaniu przemian sukcesyjnych zbiorowisk leśnych z udziałem dębu (Quercus sp.)
Role of jay (Garrulus glandarius) in initializing successional changes in forest communities with the participation of oak (Quercus sp.)
Autorzy:
Olszewski, A.
Brzeziecki, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
zbiorowiska lesne
sukcesja roslin
dab
Quercus
zoochoria
sojka
Garrulus glandarius
acorn
jay
oak
ornitochory
seed dispersal
stand heterogeneity
tree succession
zoochory
Opis:
The ability of spatial expansion and conquering of new locations, suitable for growth, is one of the most important properties enabling different plant species (including forest trees) a permanent existence in a constantly changing (in space and in time) environment. In the course of evolution, plants developed several adaptations and mechanisms enabling them to capture new localities appropriate for life. The key role in this process is played by so called propagules, i.e. differently built spores, seeds and fruits. The main sources of forces and major transportation vectors for propagules are such mechanisms as: power of gravity (barochory), wind (anemochory), water (hydrochory), animals (zoochory) and man (antropochory). Among them, in case of tree species producing large seeds, containing bulky amounts of food resources, the most important role is played by zoochory. The special variant of zoochory is ornitochory, i.e. dispersion of plant propagules by birds. One of the best known and documented examples of ornitochory is dispersal of oak acorns by jays (Garrulus glandarius). The contemporary research shows that during a vegetation period one single bird is able to deposit even several thousends of acorns within the area of 10 to 100 ha. The dispersal distance in case of acorns distributed by jays is variable and depends on several factors, first of all, climatic conditions and degree of environmental heterogeneity. On average, acorns are distributed within a distance of several hundred meters from seed trees; sometimes they are disseminated at a distance of several (4−8, maximum 20) kilometers. As a rule, only a part of deposited acorns is uncovered and consumed by birds, thus at least some of them can germinate and produce new oak seedlings. It was also recently demonstrated that jays preferably put down acorns under the stand canopies composed by tree species other than oak, for instance, under Scots pine trees. Under favourable conditions, this initiates natural successional processes and leads to a significant conversion of tree stand composition. Considering a large scale and commonness of this phenomenon, it deserves an interest and attention, not in the case of natural forests only, but in the case of managed forests as well, in which the quasi−natural, successional processes, initiated by jays, can considerably contribute to a greater compositional and structural diversity of tree stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 06; 479-88
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Teoria przerywanej równowagi - główne założenia i pojęcia
Theory of Punctuated Equilibrium - Central Assumptions and Concepts
Autorzy:
Najder, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/553405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Instytut Filozofii
Tematy:
makroewolucja
darwinizm
gradualizm
punktualizm
teoria przerywanej równowagi
Niles Eldredge
Stephen Jay Gould
macroevolution
Darwinism
gradualism
punctualism
punctuated equilibrium
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia podstawy teorii przerywanej równowagi sformułowanej jako alternatywne względem gradualistycznego darwinizmu ujęcie przebiegu makroewolucji. Twórcami teorii przerywanej równowagi są amerykańscy paleontologowie Stephen Jay Gould i Niles Eldredge, według których proces makroewolucji nie zachodzi stopniowo, małymi kroczkami, lecz charakteryzuje się długimi okresami stazy, które co jakiś czas przerywane są szybkimi - w skali geologicznej - przemianami organizmów.
The article presents foundations of the theory of punctuated equilibrium which was formulated as an alternative account of the course of macroevolution to gradualistic Darwinism. Founders of the theory of punctuated equilibrium are American paleontologists Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge who claim that the process of macroevolution does not occur gradually, step by step, but it is characterized by long periods of stasis punctuated, from time to time, by rapid – on geological scale – transformations of organisms.
Źródło:
Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy; 2009-2010, 6-7; 65-76
2299-0356
Pojawia się w:
Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Necessary, Kenotically-donated, & Self-giving Love
Autorzy:
McCall, Bradford
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
agape
philia
eros
kenosis
necessity
Thomas Jay Oord
Opis:
For the God of self-giving, kenotically-donated love, the decision to express love at all times comes first. In my conception, “full-Oorded” love would encompass what is ordinarily contained within the definition of agape love, but it would also include “eros love”, for the latter is the love of co-laborment. In my appropriation has of this terminology of eros love, it would be the type of love that the desires to, e.g., expand one’s territory or one’s domain, which makes it applicable to the modern theory of evolution by natural selection. Evolution – i.e., “descent with modification”, to invoke a Darwinian phrase – then, recognizes self-giving love, and the goodness thereof, in that species regularly undergo commensalist symbiotic relationships in nature, whereby one is aided by the other, while the “other” is neither “aided” nor “harmed”. This is self-giving love in its entirety, and a proper demonstration of it. My understanding of necessarily-expressed, “full-Oorded” love also includes dimensions of philia love. Philia could be akin to the symbiotic relationship known as mutualism in biology, especially since philia love has historically been associated with friendship or the interrelatedness of the natural world. Notably, Aristotle indicates that even nonhuman animals can express philia love . The relationships marked by philia, then, could be identified by mutuality, reciprocity, and cooperation , which fits the above biological connotation well. While agape or eros might benefit from cooperation, reciprocity, and mutuality, those two forms of love do not require any of those three nouns. Philia does. I contend, in fact, that the kenosis of the Spirit into creation amounts to self-giving, betrothed love through self-donation. The union, then of agape, eros, and philia love could be expressed as mutual aid, or full-orbed, or even as I like to say, “full-Oorded” love. Flourishing lives – be they human or some other mammal – I aver, consistently and necessarily express “full-Oorded” love. Oord suggests that Process philosophy can aid one to see that full-orbed love – that which I have designated “full-Oorded” love – plays an important part in the work to increase the common good of society as a whole. Indeed, “full-Oorded” love would repay evil with good as agape would; such a “full-Oorded” love would additionally welcome the intrinsic value and beauty in others, just like eros love does; and “full-Oorded” love would also recognize the import of friendship and mutuality as does philia love. Following Oord and Wojtyla again, since God commands that we show necessarily “self-giving”, “self-donating” love, we therefore indeed have the ability to love others as kenotically-donating entities, just as the creating Spirit does. When we act as a genuine conduit and amplifier of the creating Spirit’s self-donating and self-giving love, we can truly and entirely and infinitely love others, just as God does. Of course, we cannot expect that we humans will always love alike unto how God does because we do not have an eternal and unchanging nature that is necessarily inclined toward love , but we are at least always able to do it.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2019, 21, 2; 231-241
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Synzoochoryczne rozsiewanie żołędzi przez sójki Garrulus glandarius na powierzchniach zrębowych oraz pod drzewostanem
Acorns dispersal by jays Garrulus glandarius onto clear-cuts and under the forest canopy
Autorzy:
Kurek, P.
Dobrowolska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
dab
Quercus
zoochoria
sojka
Garrulus glandarius
synzoochoria
zreby
drzewostany
odnowienia lasu
quercus sp
. acorn dispersal
jay
site preferences
clear−cuttings
Opis:
The aim of this study was to analyse the preferences of jays in terms of oak acorn deposition in accordance to availability of some types of habitat. Investigations were carried out in forested areas of the Olsztyn Lakeland (NE Poland) with Scots pine forests domination. In autumn of 2014 and 2015 122 acorns of Quercus robur with concealed Telenax transmitters were served in four locations and then dispersed by jays Garrulus glandarius. Acorns with transmitters were radio tracked and localized after dispersion in different types of habitats. We distinguished three types of habitat: forest stands >40 years old, young forests <25 years old as well as clear−cuts and other open areas. The availability of habitats were estimated by 144 random points (36 per each location). Obtained availability/utilisation data were analyzed with chi square test ( =0.05). Results showed that majority (76.4%) of dispersed acorns were deposited under canopy of Scots pine stands, while only 8.2% were deposited on clear−cuts and other open areas. It seems that jays avoid to scatter its caches among clear−cuts and other open areas when availability of these types of environment is compared. Jays preferred to scatter the acorns under canopy of older (>40 years old) stands. It proves that the regeneration of oaks in clear−cuts is with low probability of success. The results suggest that density and high quality of regeneration that occurred on some of the clear−cuts seem to be a synchronization relic of oaks' mast crop and Scots pine fellings. In these circumstances the best solution to obtain oak regeneration is to synchronize the harvest with mast crops and carry it out immediately after acorn production to make an oak regeneration success guaranteed.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 06; 512-518
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
S.J. Goulda koncepcja rozłącznych magisteriów nauki i wiary
S.J. Goulds conception of non-overlapping magisteria
Autorzy:
Herda, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/690630.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Copernicus Center Press
Tematy:
Stephen Jay Gould
non-overlapping magisteria
science - religion relations
science and religion
Opis:
There are many different approaches to the problem of the relation between science and religion. It is often claimed that there exists a conflict between those two domains. However, S. J. Gould cannot see neither how the two enterprises can stay in any conflict nor how they can be reconciled or unified. He developed a concept of two Non-Overlapping Magisteria (NOMA). Gould claims that science and religion are characterized by completely different areas of investigation. The two magisteria ask different questions and provide different explanations. Science investigates the factual character of the natural world while religion explores the world of values, meanings and purposes of human life. One could say that this is a reasonable point of view, but at a closer glance it does not seem to be a satisfactory solution.
Źródło:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce; 2007, 41; 46-55
0867-8286
2451-0602
Pojawia się w:
Zagadnienia Filozoficzne w Nauce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola ptaków w odnawianiu drzew ciężkonasiennych ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem buka Fagus sylvatica L.
The role of birds in natural regeneration of large−seed trees with special reference to beech Fagus sylvatica L.
Autorzy:
Dula, P.S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1026747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
ptaki
zoochoria
sojka
botanika lesna
lesnictwo
Sitta europaea
Garrulus glandarius
buk zwyczajny
nasiona
orzechowka
Nucifraga caryocatactes
kowalik
Fagus sylvatica
ekologia
drzewa lesne
seed predation
seed dispersal
birds
natural regeneration
large−seeded trees
beech
coevolution
jay
nutoracker
nuthatch
Opis:
The paper is a brief description of the role of birds in forest tree seed dispersal by synzoochory and seed consumption, as well as ecological consequences of these phenomena. Special attention has been drawn to the way seeds are stored by birds or in other words if the seeds can survive and be able to germinate. An overview of the most recent world literature connected with this subject was presented. An attempt has been made to assess the role of seed – eating birds in the natural forest ecosystem.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 05; 65-75
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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