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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    The use of the sluice gate discharge equations to estimate the volumetric flow rate in the irrigation channels
    Autorzy:
    Kubrak, Janusz
    Kubrak, Elżbieta
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/292409.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    discharge coefficient
    error of discharge calculation
    irrigation channels
    sluice gate
    submerged flow
    Opis:
    The paper attempts to assess the possibility of using typical check structures equipped with sluice gates to measure the volumetric flow rate in the irrigation channels. The submerged flow through the sluice gate was considered. Experimental tests on a model of typical check structure in 1:2 scale were carried out. The conducted analyzes confirmed the possibility of using discharge equation for submerged flow through the sluice gate to estimate the water flow rate in the irrigation channels. In order to obtain accurate values of flow rate, the downstream tailwater depth should be measured at the appriopriate distance from the sluice gate. For different values of gate-opening height, the downstream water depth measurement locations allowing for a correct flow estimation were indicated. This approach might be useful in calibration of other designs of sluice gates for flow measurements.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2020, 45; 61-69
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Jezioro Aralskie - największa katastrofa ekologiczna minionego stulecia
    Aral sea - the bigger ecological disaster of the century
    Autorzy:
    Bielecki, Rafał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471691.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    jezioro reliktowe
    delta Amu-darii
    delta Syr-darii
    kanały nawadniające
    pustynnienie
    relict lake
    Amu-Darya delta
    Syr-Darya delta
    irrigation channels
    deserfitication
    Opis:
    One of the best examples of environmental risk arising as a result of inefficient management of environmental resources is the disappearance of the Aral Sea. Aral Sea extends into the territories of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan. About 10 thousand years ago, this vast body of water was under the influence of water from melting mountain glaciers, flowing directly into the Aral Basin. However, the climate change which started about 3500 years ago contributed to the drying process of the tank. This process became stronger in character at the beginning of the 1960s, when due to the planned economy of the USSR, it was decided to develop large-scale cultivation of cotton in areas too dry to be suitable for such crops. Therefore, the water from the rivers Syr-Darya and Amu-Darya, flowing into the Aral Sea, was directed to irrigation, without worrying about the ecological balance. Consequently, this led to irreversible environmental changes. The Aral Sea Area decreased by 40% and its volume decreased by two-thirds. Water level dropped about 13 feet and is still falling. Historically, the reservoir was fed by more than 60 km3 of water per year; currently it is only about 5 km3. There were years when the lake received virtually no water as a result of these processes. In 1988 a division of the lake into two parts was carried out: the Big Aral Sea in the south and the Small Aral Sea in the north. The salinity of water remaining in the basin has increased roughly three fold ,which has disastrous consequences for the world’s flora and fauna. The Aral Sea region’s economy disappeared completely, e.g. the fisheries and associated processing industries, a sin water with such high salt content no organisms are able to survive. As the lake shrank and large parts of it are now dry, when strong winds blow across the land, they carry huge amounts of tiny particles of salt remaining after the water has evaporated. It has been calculated that in the year after such a dust storm around 75 million tonnes of sand mixed with salt was spread. The toxic dust destroys settlings, fields, and plants, and it is difficult to find a way to counteract this process.
    Źródło:
    Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica; 2010, 1 Dynamika zmian środowiska geograficznego pod wpływem antropopresji; 6-13
    2084-5456
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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