Temat: internal combustion engine - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Anomalies in combustion of hydrogen in a SI engine modified to work as a supercharged one
Autorzy:: Szwaja, S.
Cupiał, K.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246823.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: combustion
hydrogen
internal combustion engine
supercharging
Opis:: The paper describes combustion anomalies of various types randomly or permanently occurring while hydrogen is burnt in a supercharged spark ignited reciprocating engine. The anomalies were mainly identified as result of combustion pressure data analysis. Originally, the engine was a compression ignition one fuelled with diesel fuel. Modifications done on the engine dealt with decrease in its geometric compression ratio and equipping it with a spark plug located in diesel fuel injector position. The anomalies presented in the paper are typically associated with several abnormal phenomena as follows: flame propagation into intake manifold called back-fire, hydrogen spontaneous ignition by hot surface, flame propagation during valves overlap and extinguishing spark discharge flame kernel by high turbulence around a spark plug. These anomalies were observed in the supercharged engine, however, some of them were also detected while the engine was operated as a freely aspirated one. As investigated, some of these malfunctions would have been removed by change in engine operating parameters. Others need major changes in both exhaust pipeline geometry, hydrogen injection system, engine cylinder geometry and valve timing.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 437-442
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Microemulsion as a means of NOx reduction in exhaust emission of diesel engines
Autorzy:: Jankowski, A.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247510.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engines
engine emissions
internal combustion engine fuels
microemulsions
Opis:: Currently produced internal combustion engines used in transportation, must meet very stringent legislative requirements EURO VI, for the limited emissions of exhaust gases: CO, HC, NOx, PM, PN. One of the most toxic components and the most difficult to eliminate are nitrogen oxides NOx, which currently permissible amount in the exhaust gases shall be 80 mg/km. This result must be achieved, moreover, with the fulfilment of the limits for other exhaust components, and above all, the contents of particulate matter (PM, PN). It should be pointed out, that the mechanisms of the NOx and PM formation are opposed to each other; reduction of the NOx amount is generally associated with an increase in PM and vice versa. Therefore, issues of lowering the amount of NOx in the exhaust gases devote a lot of scientific work and engine research. Currently the most effective method of reducing the NOx is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which requires the additional installation of sophisticated equipment in the vehicle. Therefore, methods easier to implement and to operate are sought. One such method is the use of a microemulsion to supply as fuel to diesel engines, consisting of an emulsion of diesel oil, water and surfactant (surface-active compound). The use of the microemulsion results in that already in combustion chamber forms less of NOx, and therefore reduction of NOx in the exhaust system is easier. The publication presents results of SB 3.1 engine research on the engine test bench. The research was comparative in nature and thus, in the first stage of research conducted, the engine was fuelled with diesel oil, then the area of engine load and engine speed characteristics, in which the NOx emissions are greatest, was determined, and next, when engine was fuelled with various microemulsions, the engine investigation was conducted in this area. The microemulsions of diesel fuel and water comprise 10%, 20% and 30% water, selectively. The results of investigations show that, when the engine is fuelled with microemulsions, both NOx and PM, as the main component of diesel engine exhaust - soot (smoke) can be reduced at the same time. The article also discusses the differences between emulsions and microemulsions, and how they influence the combustion in the engine combustion chambers.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 3; 225-232
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Analysis of the engine fuels impact on carbon dioxide emissions
Autorzy:: Worsztynowicz, B.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247066.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2011
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
combustion
engine fuels
emission
carbon dioxide
Opis:: The article addresses the topic of carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere as the result of the hydrocarbon fuels combustion in the combustion engines. Widespread use of individual means of transportation, where the combustion engines function as the basic propulsion source, has caused that they are one of the main sources of carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere. Therefore, it has been subjected to some restrictions, similar to those applied towards toxic elements contained with exhaust. One of the most effective ways of restriction of carbon dioxide emission is to decrease fuel consumption. In addition, an important item is the implementation of fuels with less potential to create carbon dioxide as a result of their combustion. The article presents the results of comparative measurements conducted on the engine test stand in terms of prepared load characteristics for a spark ignition engine powered by gasoline as well as by natural gas. On the basis of these measurements the article provides the analysis of the impact of fuel composition and combustible mixture on carbon dioxide content in the exhaust gases. In the next stage of analysis, the criterion for the comparison was the value of carbon dioxide emission with reference to 1 kg of fuel resulting from the measurements and theoretical calculations of fuel combustion. The results of measurements and calculations were shown in forms of graphs. The measurements on a test stand were conducted for the engine of the older generation, whose design corresponds to the motors located in a large number of currently used vehicles. This allows a preliminary estimation of the carbon dioxide emissions coming from means of transport.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 571-575
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Internal combustion micro-chambers and micro-engines
Autorzy:: Kraszewska, H.
Rusin, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244746.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
microengine
shaft less engine
combustion chamber
Opis:: Technological progress caused miniaturization of internal-combustion engines. They found application in many areas. The acquaintance of the ignition and combustion processes in the small volumes, the solution of the problem of piston movement under the influence of a pulse combustion in chambers, the choice of materials and problems related with the mixtures and exhaust creation, all these issues require a exact acquaintance for the purpose of optimization of the micro engine performance. In the paper, some issues are talked over on the base of investigations performed on the small volume chambers in single compression machines and in the shaftless two-cycle engine. Researched was the influence of the micro chamber size and of the area/volume ratio value on the processes of combustion occurring in the very small volumes and with the large values of area/volume ratio. Together with raise of the area/volume ratio, the value of the combustion pressure impulse becomes lower. The influence of the chamber material type on the combustion processes was defined, both in the single compression machine as in the micro engine. The existence of micro chamber size influence on the combustion limits of the fuel/air mixtures was designated. It has been determined that the range of the combustion limit is decreased with diminishing of the combustion chamber diameter, at the same time these changes are not the function of the area/volume ratio value changes. The maximum values of the combustion pressure appeared when chamber was supplied with stoichiometric mixture, irrespective of the chamber dimensions.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 283-288
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:: Wykorzystanie metod wibroakustycznych w diagnostyce silników spalinowych
Application of vibroacoustics methods for ic engine diagnostics
Autorzy:: Madej, H.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/197376.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:: silnik spalinowy
diagnostyka silników spalinowych
metoda wibroakustyczna
internal combustion engine
internal combustion engine diagnostic
IC engine
vibroacoustic method
Opis:: Drgania i hałas silnika spalinowego są nośnikiem informacji o stanie jego podzespołów mechanicznych. Energia sygnału drganiowego, generowanego w układzie tłokowo-korbowym, zależy od średniej prędkości obrotowej oraz położenia kątowego wału korbowego. Uszkodzenia mechaniczne mające wpływ na ciśnienie sprężania oraz zjawisko wypadania zapłonów wywołują chwilowe zmiany prędkości obrotowej wału korbowego i chwilowej gęstości widmowej energii sygnału drgań. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań mających na celu określenie wpływu symulowanych uszkodzeń na zmianę charakterystyk sygnałów drgań.
Sound and vibration signal of IC engine often give much dynamic information of mechanical system condition. The energy state of the pistons and the connecting rods is determined by the mean angular speed and the angular positions of the crankshaft. Changes in the pressure in cylinder caused by compression faults or misfire will affect directly the instantaneous angular speed of the crankshaft and vibration energy. In this paper engine faults and its influence on vibration of engine block and head is presented.
Źródło:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2009, 65; 45-50
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:: Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:: Experimental research of properties of hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engines
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Smoczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245475.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: camless engine
hydraulic actuator
internal combustion engine
servovalve
Opis:: This paper describes a research stand and results of experimental research of single-acting hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engines. The research stand of the hydraulic valve drive was consisted of: typical valve drive for high-speed internal combustion engine, commercial hydraulic actuator, commercial hydraulic accumulator and electrically controlled hydraulic distributor, which controlled the flow of oil supply to the hydraulic actuator. Rexroth commercial servovalve was used as hydraulic distributor for this valve drive. Components of hydraulic valve drive were mounted to specially designed research sleeve. On this sleeve complete drive, which consisted of a hydraulic cylinder and servovalve, was mounted. Drive control was performed in an open loop with a use of rectangular control signal. Displacement of the valve was measured by an optical displacement sensor. Tests were performed for constant lift of the valve, supply pressure set in the range of 6 to 10 MPa and at fixed temperature of the working medium and different initial deflections of valve spring. The behaviour of the drive was researched for bipolar and a rectangular control signals. Such range of measurements was to determine inter alia: the impact of the supply pressure and the control signals values on the drive work. Obtained results were used to verify the simulation model in a wide range of variation of the characteristic parameters of the electro-hydraulic actuator. The results of experimental measurements like valve movement and pressures in the drive were shown and analysed in this paper. With a reference to the valve movement, a detailed calculations of the valve kinematics were performed. Special attention was given to the opening and closing velocities of the valve, depending on the servo control signal. Subsidence valve velocity during its return movement was calculated. This subsidence valve velocity is an important parameter in terms of the applicability of this drive for the internal combustion engines. Valve opening time delay in opposition to the current control signal was also specified and discussed. Obtained results allowed to conclude that the proposed drive provides acceptable kinematic parameters for high-speed engines at supply pressures of at least 8 to 10 MPa. During the measurements acceptable valve subsidence speeds were obtained. It was found that there is a possibility of adjustment of this parameter by setting the slider servovalve negative overlap. Results became the basis of development of the model of this type of the drive. Further simulation studies will allow to evaluate the applicability of such valve drive for internal combustion engines. Further simulation studies allow to compare the proposed solution with known literature hydraulic valve drives.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 351-358
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:: Model of hydraulic double-acting drive for valves of internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Smoczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246081.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
servovalve
hydraulic actuator
camless engine
Opis:: The article presents the idea and the model of electrohydraulic double-acting valve drive for internal combustion engine. In this solution to control the position of the engine valve used Rexroth's servovalve and the double-acting actuator. This drive should give free control of valve lift, valve open andvalve close time. In the article the principles of the operation and the mathematical model of the drive are described. Submitted model gives bases to the initial value definition of the main parameters of the hydraulic drive. It lets execute the analysis of the features of such drive and point necessary modifications for the correct realization of the process of the gas exchange in internal combustion engine. The first results from the simulation showed that proposed solution allows obtaining desirable run of lift of valve in the wide range of engine speed. Comparisons of valve lift proceedings driven hydraulically and mechanically by the use of harmonic cam, for two engine speeds, obtained from simulations are presented in the article. These comparisons show that at greatest engine speeds it is indispensable the use of pressures of the working liquid exceeding 10 MPa to obtain nearing results to the classical mechanical timing gear. Preliminary simulation test results indicate that it may ensure desired run of lift of valve in the wide range of engine speed
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 487-494
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:: Applications of NRTC Cycle to Determine a Different Fuel Consumption and Harmful Emissions Caused by Changes of Engines Technical Conditions
Autorzy:: Hromádko, J.
Hönig, V.
Miler, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/301864.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:: internal combustion engine
fuel consumption
harmful emissions
Opis:: The main topic of the paper is to determine different fuel consumption and harmful emissions caused by engine's changes of technical conditions. The change of technical condition of combustion engine at any working point of engine proves different change of fuel consumption and production of harmful emissions. Therefore it is necessary to compare two technical conditions to determine the same engine load. For this purpose the special simulation programme of engine load in Non-Road Transient Cycle (NRTC) was created.
Źródło:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2008, 4; 63-65
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:: Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:: The Fourier transform as a new approach of evaluating the internal combustion engine indicator diagram
Autorzy:: Łoza, Ł.
Sitnik, L. J.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244677.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2017
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: indicator diagram
Fourier transform
internal combustion engine
Opis:: In this paper, the authors present an introduction to the new method of evaluating the indicator diagram of internal combustion engine. For several years, it was observed that analyses of combustion processes have been hardly changed since they were conducted for the first time. At the moment, the diagrams are plotted more and more precisely owing to the new sensors and digital processors. Despite all of these high technical advantages, which were obviously unavailable in the past, theoretical approach for describing indicator diagram has not changed in significant way. Nowadays, the indicator diagrams are still evaluated very generally and are presented in much too idealistic way as a smooth curve of pressure changes, without any disturbances, which are being detected very easily now. Furthermore, it appears that performance improvements of the IC engines are in need of developing new methods for analysis and evaluation. The Fourier transform is a new way to look at the combustion process in the engines. It is basically a mathematical instrument for analysing different types of signals, which are transformed, from time domain into frequency domain. It enables identifying specific sinusoidal components of arbitrary signals and separates relevant ones from the noise. This allows one to see significant differences in two or more apparently similar signals and detect the crucial parts. If we treat pressure changes in time like a common signal, we can compute Fourier transform and see basic components of the diagram.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 173-180
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:: Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostics of turbocharged marine internal combustion engines. Part II Dynamic measurements
Autorzy:: Korczewski, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/258840.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: diagnostic
internal combustion engine
exhaust gas temperature
Opis:: The second part of the article describes the technology of marine engine diagnostics making use of dynamic measurements of the exhaust gas temperature. Little-known achievements of Prof. S. Rutkowski of the Naval College in Gdynia (now: Polish Naval Academy) in this area are presented. A novel approach is proposed which consists in the use of the measured exhaust gas temperature dynamics for qualitative and quantitative assessment of the enthalpy flux of successive pressure pulses of the exhaust gas supplying the marine engine turbocompressor. General design assumptions are presented for the measuring and diagnostic system which makes use of a sheathed thermocouple installed in the engine exhaust gas manifold. The corrected thermal inertia of the thermocouple enables to reproduce a real timehistory of exhaust gas temperature changes.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2016, 1; 68-76
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:: Exhaust gas temperature measurements in diagnostics of turbocharged marine internal combustion engines Part I standard measurements
Autorzy:: Korczewski, Z.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259776.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2015
Wydawca:: Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:: diagnostic
internal combustion engine
exhaust gas temperature
Opis:: The article discusses the problem of diagnostic informativeness of exhaust gas temperature measurements in turbocharged marine internal combustion engines. Theoretical principles of the process of exhaust gas flow in turbocharger inlet channels are analysed in its dynamic and energetic aspects. Diagnostic parameters are defined which enable to formulate general evaluation of technical condition of the engine based on standard online measurements of the exhaust gas temperature. A proposal is made to extend the parametric methods of diagnosing workspaces in turbocharged marine engines by analysing time-histories of enthalpy changes of the exhaust gas flowing to the turbocompressor turbine. Such a time-history can be worked out based on dynamic measurements of the exhaust gas temperature, performed using a specially designed sheathed thermocouple. The first part of the article discusses possibilities to perform diagnostic inference about technical condition of a marine engine with pulse turbocharging system based on standard measurements of exhaust gas temperature in characteristic control cross-sections of its thermal and flow system. Selected metrological issues of online exhaust gas temperature measurements in those engines are discusses in detail, with special attention being focused on the observed disturbances and thermodynamic interpretation of the recorded measuring signal. Diagnostic informativeness of the exhaust gas temperature measurements performed in steady-state conditions of engine operation is analysed in the context of possible evaluations of technical condition of the engine workspaces, the injection system, and the fuel delivery process.
Źródło:: Polish Maritime Research; 2015, 1; 47-54
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:: Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:: Experimental verification of the model of electrohydraulic drive for internal combustion engine valves
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245587.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2009
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: camless engine
hydraulic actuator
internal combustion engine
servovalve
Opis:: The paper presents experimental electrohydraulic valve drive for internal combustion engine. The design is asingle-acting hydraulic actuator with spring return controlled by servovalve. Such solution shouldgive free control of valve lift, valve open and valve close time. In the article the principles of the operation of the drive are described. The paper focuses on exploring the dynamic of experimental electrohydraulic engine valve actuation system working in open-loop. For investigations the mathematical and simulation models were elaborated. The values of unknown coefficients of the models were intercepted on two test stands. First of them served to servovalve research. Second was built on the basis of the prototype drive and let on the research of the dynamics of the all drive. Chosen results of these investigations are placed in the article. The drive was explored for different oil supply pressures, control signals and spring mounting lifts. Experimental dates let to verified dynamic mathematical model. Comparisons of valve lift proceedings obtained from experiments and simulations are presented in the article. Verified model let to execute the analysis of the features of such drive and point necessary modifications for the correct realization of the process of the gas exchange in internal combustion engine.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 401-408
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:: Simulation research of the hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engine
Autorzy:: Szydłowski, T.
Smoczyński, M.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950113.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2013
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: camless engine
hydraulic actuator
internal combustion engine
servovalve
Opis:: This paper describes simulation research of single-acting hydraulic drive for valves of internal combustion engines. The proposed drive was composed of commercial servovalve and typical hydraulic single-acting actuator. Research was performed for the prepared and verified model of this drive. In the paper mainly analysed was the impact of control signals on course of valve lift and its characteristic parameters like: delay of start of valve movement in opposition to the start of the control signal, the time of opening and closing of the valve, the valve lifting time, the course of valve lift, fill factor of the area under the valve lift curve and velocity of the valve subsidence. Special attention was given to the closing movement of the valve. Drive control was limited to step control signal. In the final phase of closing the valve, the control method had to slow down and stop the valve, but without a significant influence on the valve closing phase. During research the fill factor of the area under the valve lift curve was calculated and compared with values obtained for the classic drive with cam. A number of simulations allowed to determine the optimal control signal for the course with deceleration of the valve. Based on simulation studies it was found that comparable fill factors of the area under the valve lift curve for cam drive and analyzed electrohydraulic drive were obtained up to over 4000 rpm speed. Above this speed the factor was significantly smaller for hydraulic drive. For low engine speeds the values of factor were acceptable and amounted to about 0.7. Unfortunately for the valve opening times for engine speed 6000 rpm, tested drive did not provide the full opening of the valve and the fill factor of the area under the valve lift curve was unsatisfactory. In this research, the frequency characteristics of the servovalve published by their manufacturers were used. It demonstrated that because of the delay and response speed of the valve is necessary to use units generating a control signal ahead in relation to the desired moment of opening the valve.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 385-391
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:: Comparing the resistance to motion of pistons coated with a layer of nanotubes with standard pistons
Autorzy:: Iskra, A.
Babiak, M.
Kałużny, J.
Giersig, M.
Kempa, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247841.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: friction in internal combustion engine
nanotubes layers
Opis:: The paper presents preliminary results of testing the resistance to motion of pistons coated with a layer of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). A significant part of this paper was devoted to the problems of putting a layer of nanotubes on the surface of an aluminum alloy. Obtaining a layer of nanotubes of a very narrow margin of tolerance was a difficult technological problem to overcome. A standard process of growing a layer of nanotubes leads to a corrosion damage of the side surface of pistons; therefore, new technologies were developed allowing for obtaining a permanent layer of nanotubes less than 5 microns thick. Pistons whose side surfaces were coated with a layer of nanotubes were mounted to an engine with an external drive, and then measurements of the moment of momentary resistance to motion were performed, which enables capturing these phases of the engine work cycles in which the layer of nanotubes gives the best results. At present, long-term research is being carried out in order to determine the degree of the risk of exfoliation of the layer of nanotubes under the conditions of large mechanical and thermal loads. The special nanotechnology method cold nanosphere lithography has been invested to control the structural properties sand growth of multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The preliminary analysis of dismantled pistons revealed that nanotubes layers were partially worn off at the peaks of micro roughness but in the valleys, the nanotubes accurately adhered to the piston lateral surface.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 2; 227-233
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:: Mathematical model phases of fuel injection in the spark -ignition engine with direct fuel injection during work on the heterogeneous mixture
Autorzy:: Sendyka, B.
Cygnar, M.
Janisz, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243627.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2008
Wydawca:: Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:: transport
internal combustion engine
fuel injection system
Opis:: The paper presents the methods and results of calculation of time necessary for transmission of a jet of stratified charge from the injector to the gap between the electrodes of the ignition plug, which is the basis for determination of the advance angle of fuel injection in relation to the advance angle of ignition. This time is the sum of duration of four phases of load jet way and is calculated basing upon a number of empiric formulae taken from recent publications. Constructors of gasoline engines are faced with higher and higher requirements as regards ecological problems and increase in engine efficiency at a simultaneous decrease in fuel consumption. Satisfaction of these requirements is possible due to recognition of the phenomena occurring inside the engine cylinder, choice of suitable optimal parameters of the fuel injection process, and determination of geometrical shapes of the combustion chamber and piston head. Increase of engine efficiency is connected, first of all, with the changes in fuel supply, it means a proper regulation of fuel - air mixture in dependence on the rotational speed and load; hence, combustion of stratified mixtures in a gasoline engines with direct fuel injection is essential for increase in efficiency with a simultaneous decrease in emission of toxic components of exhaust gases and fuel consumption. Such a kind of supply systems show that, apart from combustion of very lean mixtures a gasoline engine with direct fuel injection possesses many other advantages, i.e.: fuel consumption comparable with other engines with self - induced ignition, greater power than in other spark ignition engines with multi - point fuel injection. The results of the performed analysis were given in two-dimensional diagrams.
Źródło:: Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 465-470
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:: Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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