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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Synteza oraz aktywność antyfidantna laktonów
    Synthesis and antifeedant activity of lactones
    Autorzy:
    Mazur, Marcelina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27310040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
    Tematy:
    lactones
    antifeedants
    food deterrents
    insect pests
    laktony
    antyfidanty
    deterenty pokarmowe
    szkodniki owadzie
    Opis:
    Antifeedants, or food deterrents, are substances that, by acting on the sense of taste of insects, entirely or partially inhibit their feeding and can be used to reduce the population of harmful species. Antifeedants have the advantage of low toxicity and high selectivity towards selected groups of pests, providing an alternative to the classically used insecticides, which usually have a broad spectrum of action and greater toxicity, even towards vertebrates. Among their numerous activities, lactones can exhibit antifeedant properties. However, the use of natural lactones as antifeedants is limited due to their low isolation yields from natural sources and complex chemical synthesis. Therefore accesible synthetic compounds are of great interest. This work presents the synthesis pathways and the deterrent activities of the lactones obtained in convenient transformations, often from natural terpene precursors.
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2023, 77, 5-6; 533--554
    0043-5104
    2300-0295
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Chemiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ głębokości zaburzenia na liczbę gatunków szkodników sosny pospolitej (Pinus sylvestris L.) oraz ich liczebność w borach północno-wschodniego Kazachstanu
    Influence of the disturbance depth on the number of Pinus sylvestris L. pest species and their abundance in the forests of north-eastern Kazakhstan
    Autorzy:
    Mussayeva, B.
    Mokrzycki, T.
    Sarsekova, D.
    Osserkhan, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985749.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    Kazachstan
    drzewostany sosnowe
    zagrozenia drzewostanow
    pozary lasow
    huragany
    drzewostany uszkodzone
    sosna zwyczajna
    Pinus sylvestris
    szkodniki roslin
    szkodniki pierwotne
    szkodniki wtorne
    wystepowanie
    primary insect pests
    secondary insect pests
    scots pine
    kazakhstan
    Opis:
    The research was carried out in the economic and natural Forest Reserve ‘Yertys Ormany’ in Pavlodarsk Oblast (Kazakhstan) in 2018. In the middle of May, two barrier traps of the ‘Netocia’ type (30, in total) were installed on each research plot damaged by wind, fire and great pine web – spinning pine sawfly – Acantholyda posticalis Mats. Insects were caught every month, from mid−June to mid−August. 1521 insects belonging to 67 species and 23 families were caught in the traps. Beetles clearly dominated. We also observed a great pine web and sirex woodwasp Sirex noctilio Fabr. Of the beetles caught, 10% were thermophilic jewel beetles or metallic wood−boring beetles Buprestidae, among which Chalcophora mariana (L.) dominated. The highest average number of individuals was observed on sites damaged by A. posticalis, however, differences between the plots turned to be insignificant. The highest significant average number of species was observed on sites damaged by the fire and by the wind. The GLM analysis indicated the highest mean values of the Margalef index in plots damaged by fire and by the wind, but did not show significant differences between the average values of the fidelity index of the assemblages. The research confirmed the hypothesis of a greater number of species and individuals, and a higher diversity of pests in pine stands more strongly disturbed (i.e. damaged by the fire and by the wind). At the same time, there were no differences between the most seriously disturbed variants.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 12; 1035-1042
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Does time of protective procedure and genotype of chamomile affect yield?
    Autorzy:
    Kowalska, J.
    Seidler-Łożykowska, K.
    Jakubowska, M.
    Drożdżyński, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048965.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
    Tematy:
    essential oil
    chamomile
    organic farming
    control of insect pests
    spinosad
    olejek eteryczny
    rumianek
    rolnictwo ekologiczne
    zwalczanie szkodników upraw
    Opis:
    Objective: Chamomile plants (Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch) are often attacked by pests, which usually cause the decrease of raw material yield and its quality. The objects of field trial were two chamomile cultivars: Złoty Łan (4n) and Promyk (2n) cultivated under organic regime. The aim of this study was to evaluate of impact of the spinosad treatment and its time of application on two chamomile cultivars: cv. Promyk – 2n and cv. Złoty Łan – 4n exposed to insect pests. Methods: The first treatment with spinosad as a preventative control (P) was performed in the early phase of plant development (seven leaves). Intervention (I) treatment was made in green bud phase. In both terms of observation insect pests were observed and collected. In each spraying application of 0.06 g of spinosad per 1 liter of water was used. Results: Spinosad was able to limit the number of pest population and finally increased yielding of the treated cultivars as compared to the untreated plants. Time of spinosad application for cv. Złoty Łan plants was not statistically siginificant, although was more effective for the preventative treatment of cv. Promyk in the increasing of the plant biomass (283.8 g · m-2) and seed (32 g · m-2) yields than intervention. Conclusion: Protection treatment with spinosad might be recommended in chamomile cultivation and it is more effective than intervention in diploid cultivar which begin blooming earlier than tetraploid. Essential oil content was not related with protection treatment for diploid cultivar, although intervention in tetraploid cultivar caused higher content of oil.
    Źródło:
    Herba Polonica; 2019, 65, 4; 1-6
    0018-0599
    Pojawia się w:
    Herba Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Współwystępowanie nicieni owadobójczych i szkodników drzew w zbiorowiskach leśnych w północnej Polsce
    Co-occurrence of entomopathogenic nematodes and tree pests in forest communities of northern Poland
    Autorzy:
    Dzięgielewska, M.
    Skwiercz, A.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985868.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    ochrona lasu
    metody biologiczne
    nicienie owadobojcze
    Steinernematidae
    Heterorhabidtidae
    zywiciele potencjalni
    owady
    szkodniki roslin
    wspolwystepowanie
    steinernema
    heterorhabditis
    woodland
    insect pests
    host preference
    Opis:
    Repeating outbreaks of the Scots pine pests, effecting in stands damages, are the most important problems of forest protection. In extreme cases they pose a real threat to the stability of stands. Naturally occurring entomopathogenic nematodes are important regulatory factors in insect populations. Many species are employed as biological agents to control the insect pests. The objectives of this research was to describe the influence of potential forest pests on occurrence and abundance of entomopathogenic nematodes. Entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) were studied in woodland soils in northern Poland. Soil samples were collected from 2010 to 2015 from coniferous forests with abundant suitable insect hosts: the beetle grubs of Melolontha melolontha L. living in the soil (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and foliage feeders Diprionidae spp. (Hymenoptera) and the caterpillar of Dendrolimus pini L., Panolis flammea Den. et Schiff. and Bupalus piniarius L. butterflies. Nematodes occurred in all type of forest and 171 soil samples were taken from 40 localities. Each study plot was approximately 100 m2 and 20 cm deep; 50 individual samples were taken using Egner’s stick, making the bulk sample approximately 600 cm3 in volume. The presence of entomopathogenic nematodes in the soil samples were determined using a standard Galleria mellonella baiting technique. Entomopathogenic nematodes were isolated from 52 soil samples (30,4%). Three species of the genus Steinernema (Steinernema feltiae, S. affine, S. silvaticum) and anyone of the genus Heterorhabditis were recorded. S. feltiae was the most common species and distinguished by the largest ecological flexibility especially to hosts. The largest number of S. feltiae samples was isolated in the places of butterfly outbreak P. flammea and also in the places of mass occurrence of beetle grubs of M. melolontha. In the feeding places of beetle of Scarabaeidae a high share of S. affine was noted too. The more rarely noted was S. silvaticum especially in outbreak of Diprionidae spp. The most abundance of entomopathogenic nematodes community was 140 000 ind./m2 in sites with M. melolontha grubs.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2018, 162, 12; 1007-1017
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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