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Tytuł:
Hydrogen as an engine fuel-some pros and cons
Autorzy:
Karim, G. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
alternative fuel
hydrogen
combustion engines
hydrogen combustion propertied
Opis:
Review is made of the positive features and the current limitations associated with the use of hydrogen as a spark ignition engine fuel. It is shown that hydrogen has excellent prospects to achieve very satisfactory performance in engine applications that may be superior in many aspects to those with conventional fuels. A number of design and operational changes needed to effect the full potential of hydrogen as an engine fuel is outlined. The question whether hydrogen can be manufactured abundantly and economically will remain the limiting factor to its widespread use as an S.I. engine fuel in the future. Hydrogen needs to be manufactured, hydrogen, storage, portability and transport, some relevant properties, hydrogen fuelled engine applications, hydrogen as an engine fuel, some positive features of hydrogen for engine applications, some limitations associated with hydrogen engine applications, measures for improving the operational features of SI hydrogen engines, and liquid hydrogen, comparative properties of hydrogen to methane and iso-octane, as well combustion properties are presented in the paper. The question of whether hydrogen can be obtained abundantly and economically remains yet to be answered satisfactorily.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 153-164
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrogen fuel in transportation
Autorzy:
Machač, Jiří
Majer, Milan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
hydrogen
hydrogen fuel cell
hydrogen combustion
renewable energy
Opis:
In the time, when the whole world is increasingly engaged in environmental protection, it is necessary to come up with a fuel alternative for transportation, which means generally abandon the use of non-renewable resources (petrol, oil and fossil fuel in general), as they are one of the many factors influencing the emergence of greenhouse gases and the associated global warming. In today's Europe, the pressure is put mainly on automotive companies, to search for sources other than conventional fuels. At present, there is a big boom in the area of electric cars powered from the power network – the vast majority of electric energy, however, is produced in fossil fuel power plants. The second option of possible development in this area is the use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel. This technology, whether it be direct combustion as in diesel or eventually in petrol engines, or energy production in a hydrogen fuel cell, is certainly the way suitable for further development. With hydrogen as a fuel, it is possible to reduce pollutants almost to zero. The article presents a comparison of electricity generated using renewable and non-renewable sources and focuses on a closer understanding of the myth of the dangers connected with using hydrogen as fuel. Furthermore, compares conventional fuels to re-newable hydrogen technologies and focuses on the hydrogen combustion engines together with hydrogen storage and application in transportation.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2019, 2, 1; 161--171
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical investigation on the effects of fueling the Turbulent Jet Ignition gas engine with methane and hydrogen
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Szwajca, Filip
Skobiej, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32103224.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-11-30
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
hydrogen engine
engine simulation
hydrogen combustion
methane combustion
combustion indicator
turbulent jet ignition engine
Opis:
The modern solution of two-stage combustion, namely the Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI), enables the combustion of ultra-lean mixtures. Thanks to this solution, it became possible to reduce fuel consumption and, at the same time, to increase the combustion process indicators (including the overall combustion system efficiency). The article presents the results of numerical tests of a heavy-duty engine equipped with the TJI system running on gas fuels. The AVL BOOST software was used to analyze the effects of different fuel injection rates into the pre-chamber and various ignition timing angles, while maintaining a constant global excess air ratio. Increasing the proportion of hydrogen in the prechamber resulted in its reduction in the main chamber (the fuel dose was kept constant with different excess air coefficients in each of the chambers). The maximum combustion pressure values in both chambers were investigated. Changes in the amount of heat released and its release rate were determined. As a result of the simulations, different ignition and combustion conditions were presented for the tested fuels. Based on this, maps of fuel dose to prechamber vs. ignition advance angle were drawn up, showing selected thermodynamic indicators of the combustion process.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2023, 1-2; 46-57
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of hydrogen fuel in drive systems of rail vehicles
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Engelmann, Danilo
Czerwinski, Jan
Merkisz, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33317409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-05-24
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
Hydrogen
Hydrogen properties
Hydrogen storage
Hydrogen powered combustion engines
Opis:
The search for substitutes for modern fossil fuels incentivises the use of new propulsion systems (hybrid or electric) and the use of new fuels (gaseous, mainly hydrogen). The article discusses the basic issues related to hydrogen fuel: from its extraction, through the discussion of its properties to its use and applications. Analyzes of the energy consumption involved in its extraction or production were presented, classifying hydrogen in those terms. Great emphasis was placed on design solutions for the use of hydrogen in internal combustion engines, together with discussing the concept of its combustion. The methods of storing hydrogen in a condensed and compressed form were also presented, indicating at the same time the most modern solutions available, such as mixed systems – storage in cryo-compressed form. It has been shown that the combustion of hydrogen in internal combustion engines increases their efficiency, and at the same time significantly reduces the exhaust emissions of toxic gases – including the emission of nitrogen oxides.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2022, 1-2; 10-19
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possible applications of prechambers in hydrogen internal combustion engines
Autorzy:
Matla, Jędrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
hydrogen combustion
hydrogen knock
prechamber
H2ICE
combustion engine
spalanie wodoru
stuk wodorowy
komora wstępna
silnik spalinowy
Opis:
In order to ensure better control of the combustion process in a internal combustion engine powered by hydrogen, it has been proposed to use a split combustion chamber solution. Following paper contains a description of a hydrogen combustion system that includes an analysis of possible technical solutions. The considerations take into account the issues of the dual nature of hydrogen knocking and the problem of burning a stratified charge of a hydrogen-air mixture in a cylinder.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2022, 61, 4; 77--82
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling and simulation of working processes in Wankel engine with direct hydrogen injection system
Modelowanie i symulacja procesów roboczych w silniku Wankla z bezpośrednim wtryskiem wodoru
Autorzy:
Mitianiec, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
combustion engines
Wankel engine
scavenging process
hydrogen combustion
silniki spalinowe
silnik Wankla
przepłukanie
spalanie wodoru
Opis:
Wankel engines were very attractive in automotive sector almost forty years ago because of small dimensions, compactness, simple design, smoothness of engine work and lack of vibration caused by inertia forces. The disadvantage of such engine was very high pollution, especially of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and high fuel consumption. These disadvantages can be eliminated by applying of direct injection of hydrogen and in the aviation sector by applying of fuel with high octane number also at a direct injection system. The main objective of the work is modelling of the thermodynamic process taking place during the scavenge process in such engine. At assumed geometry of the engine, initial and boundary conditions the change of engine parameters such as pressure, temperature, density, heat exchange and volume are calculated on the base of zero-dimensional model as a function of rotation angle of the piston. Forming of the mixture during fuel injection process in compression process gives information about the air excess ratio. The presented model is applicable for different sort of fuels. This work is introduction to a broader analysis of the processes in spatial system. Application of hydrogen reduces of toxic components emission from such engine, but decreases also engine power.
Silnik Wankla byl bardzo interesujący dla przemysłu samochodowego prawie czterdzieści lat temu ze względu na małe wymiary, kompaktowość, prostą konstrukcję, równomierność pracy silnika i brak drgań wywołanych siłami bezwładności. Wadą tego silnika była duża toksyczność emitowanych spalin, szczególnie węglowodorów i tlenków azotu oraz duże zużycie paliwa. Te niedoskonałości silnika mogą być wyeliminowane dzięki zastosowaniu bezpośredniego wtrysku paliwa o dużej liczbie oktanowej lub wodoru. Głównym celem pracy jest modelowanie parametrów termodynamicznych procesów zachodzących w czasie przepłukania w tym silniku. Przy założonych parametrach geometrycznych silnika, warunkach brzegowych i początkowych obliczono zmiany parametrów takich, jak: ciśnienie, temperatura, gęstość, prędkości wlotu i wylotu za pomocą własnego programu komputerowego opartego na modelu 0-D w funkcji kąta obrotu wału korbowego. Tworzenie mieszanki podczas wtrysku paliwa daje informację o współczynniku nadmiaru powietrza. Zaprezentowany model obliczeniowy jest dostosowany do różnego rodzaju paliwa. Praca jest wstępem do szerszej analizy procesów przestrzennych w komorze spalania. Zastosowanie wodoru zmniejsza emisję szkodliwych składników spalin, lecz zmniejsza również moc silnika.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2015, 54, 2; 42-52
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perspektywa progresu wskaźników ekologicznych silnika badawczego zasilanego olejem napędowym z domieszką wodoru
Progress perspective of indicators of engine diesel oil research supplied with a touch of hydrogen
Autorzy:
Daszkiewicz, P.
Idzior, M.
Bajerlein, M.
Karpiuk, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/252400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
silnik o zapłonie samoczynnym
silnik Diesla
wodór jako paliwo
spalanie wodoru
Diesel engine
hydrogen as fuel
hydrogen combustion
Opis:
Praca składa się z dwóch części. Pierwsza prezentuje zagadnienia teoretyczne dotyczące wodoru jako paliwa alternatywnego do zastosowania w silniku z zapłonem samoczynnym. Drugą część stanowi analiza wyników badań współspalania wodoru rozpuszczonego w oleju napędowym. Badania miały na celu ocenę wpływu dodatku wodoru na stężenie związków toksycznych emitowanych przez silnik badawczy. Badania zostały przeprowadzone w trzech wariantach. Pierwszy wariant stanowił poziom odniesienia do pozostałych wyników i został przeprowadzony na silniku zasilanym niewzbogacanym olejem napędowym. W przypadku drugiego i trzeciego wariantu do silnika był dostarczony roztwór oleju napędowego z wodorem wprowadzony do mieszalnika przy ciśnieniu 0,1 bar i 0,2 bar nadciśnienia.
The work consists of two parts. The first presents the theoretical issues about hydrogen as an alternative fuel for use in compression ignition engine. The second part is an analysis of the results of co-combustion of hydrogen dissolved in diesel fuel. This study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of hydrogen to the concentration of toxic compounds emitted by the engine research. The study was conducted in three variants. The first option was the benchmark for the rest of the results and was carried out on the engine with diesel-powered. In the second and third variant it was delivered to the engine oil solution of hydrogen introduced into the mixer at a pressure of 0.1 bar and 0.2 bar overpressure.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2013, 10; 591-602, CD
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anomalies in combustion of hydrogen in a SI engine modified to work as a supercharged one
Autorzy:
Szwaja, S.
Cupiał, K.
Grab-Rogaliński, K.,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion
hydrogen
internal combustion engine
supercharging
Opis:
The paper describes combustion anomalies of various types randomly or permanently occurring while hydrogen is burnt in a supercharged spark ignited reciprocating engine. The anomalies were mainly identified as result of combustion pressure data analysis. Originally, the engine was a compression ignition one fuelled with diesel fuel. Modifications done on the engine dealt with decrease in its geometric compression ratio and equipping it with a spark plug located in diesel fuel injector position. The anomalies presented in the paper are typically associated with several abnormal phenomena as follows: flame propagation into intake manifold called back-fire, hydrogen spontaneous ignition by hot surface, flame propagation during valves overlap and extinguishing spark discharge flame kernel by high turbulence around a spark plug. These anomalies were observed in the supercharged engine, however, some of them were also detected while the engine was operated as a freely aspirated one. As investigated, some of these malfunctions would have been removed by change in engine operating parameters. Others need major changes in both exhaust pipeline geometry, hydrogen injection system, engine cylinder geometry and valve timing.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 437-442
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thermodynamic cycle of combustion engine with hydrogen fuelling
Autorzy:
Sroka, Z. J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246368.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engine
thermodynamics
hydrogen
Opis:
Shortage of crude oil gives the reason to look for any alternative engine fuel. One of them is the hydrogen, which will be the most lean fuel between others. Knowledge of hydrogen as an engine fuel, its properties, production and storage problems were analyzed in this paper. At the end own hydrogen concept based on Fiat engine 900ccm was shown. Theoretical comparison between thermodynamic cycles for engine run on conventional petrol and hydrogen was done. Results have given the green light to future development. Petroleum recourses run out have given the reasons to find alternative fuel. One of them could be hydrogen. According to analyze done in the project it can be found similarity between hydrogen engine with 1=1,0 to petrol engine with 1=0,9. Pressure of hydrogen charge is in this case higher of 0.42 mpa and there is calculated in strength of existing engine. The results of estimation show possibility to use hydrogen as a engine fuel, maybe first as a dual-fuel engine like LPG system. Emissions of nox for hydrogen engine as well as theoretical engine work cycles for analyzed cases are illustrated in the engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 573-578
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrogen rich gases combustion in the IC engine
Autorzy:
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245372.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
syngas
coke gas
hydrogen
combustion
Opis:
Experimental results of combusting three different syngases in an internal combustion (IC) spark ignition engine are presented in this paper. The syngases used for tests varied each from the other with hydrogen content, which was of 10,15 and 60%. Other combustible gases as CO and CH4 were also changed. Thus, the lower heating value of the syngases was of 2.7, 4.6 and 17.2 MJ/nm3, respectively. Combustion tests were performed at stoichiometric ratio of syngas-air mixture, with variable spark timing and constant compression ratio of 10. On the basis of in-cylinder combustion pressure histories the indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP) was computed and presented versus spark timing and vs location of the middle combustion phase expressed by the 50% of mass fraction burned (MFB). Additionally, the 0-10% MFB and 10-90% MFB were also determined. Furthermore, the paper contains theoretical determination of the three fuel quantities, which can affect combustion duration and heat release rate during burning the syngases in the IC engine. They are as follows: laminar flame speed, ignition delay and adiabatic flame temperature. Final results does not show satisfactory correlation between LFS computed at NTP and real combustion phasing. Furthermore, both long combustion duration and long 0-10% MFB leading to unstable combustion were observed for the syngas with the lowest LHV of 2.7 MJ/nm3.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 447-454
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Statistical approach to characterize combustion knock in the hydrogen fuelled SI engine
Autorzy:
Naber, J. D
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246456.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
internal combustion engines
combustion knock
hydrogen
statistical distribution
Opis:
Combustion knock in a hydrogen fuelled engine has many different characteristic as compared to knock occurring in the gasoline engine. This is a result of differences in the gasoline and hydrogen combustion mechanisms which lead to knock. Hydrogen as the engine fuel is able to produce combustion knock of significant intensity. This intensity can be determined by measurements, which have been successfully applied for examining knock generated by the gasoline fuelled engine. This paper describes the engine test bed, in-cylinder pressure traces and methods for determining knock intensity. Further, the statistical approach for characterizing combustion knock is also presented. It concentrates on applications of several probability distributions for expressing individual knock intensity metrics of hydrogen port fuelled spark ignited engine. It is assumed that knock metrics for engine working cycles are considered as random variables. The knock metrics are based on the fluctuation component of the in-cylinder pressure traces sampled at 100 khz and are calculated for 300 consecutive engine working cycles. It was noticed that the knock metrics distribution profile changes as the knock intensity varies from light to heavy knock. In the paper, modelling of this knock distribution profile using several known stochastic distributions is also presented. Finally, usefulness of statistical distributions for characterizing combustion knock is shown.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 3; 443-450
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza mechanizmu spalania gazu o składzie zbliżonym do składu gazu z procesu podziemnego zgazowania węgla - przegląd literatury
The analysis of combustion gas mechanism of a composition similar to the composition of gas from underground coal gasification process - literature review
Autorzy:
Gil, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/340589.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
spalanie gazu
zgazowanie węgla
podziemne zgazowanie węgla
spalanie metanu
spalanie tlenku węgla
spalanie wodoru
combustion gas
coal gasification
underground coal gasification
combustion of methane
combustion of carbon monoxide
combustion of hydrogen
Opis:
W procesie podziemnego zgazowania węgla (PZW) powstaje gaz, którego skład zależy od technologii zgazowania i parametrów procesu. Przykładowy skład gazu z PZW podano w (Stańczyk i in. 2011; Białecka 2008; Stańczyk 2008). Składał się on głównie z: ditlenku węgla (1-64 procent), wodoru (2, 41,2 procent) i tlenku węgla (1,3-33,2 procent). Pozostałe gazy to: metan (0,1-5,4 procent, etan (0,0-0,13 procent), tlen (-5,7 procent) i azot (0,-78,2 procent) (Stańczyk i in. 2011; Białecka 2008). Z analizy (Stańczyk 2008) wynika, że najbardziej ekonomiczne jest przetwarzanie otrzymanego niskokalorycznego gazu na energię elektryczną przez spalenie go w turbinie gazowej. Mechanizm spalania paliwa o niskiej wartości opałowej nie jest dobrze poznany. W literaturze znajdują się wprawdzie opisy badań mechanizmu spalania gazu syntezowego, ale opierają się one na reakcjach zachodzących podczas spalania wodoru i tlenku węgla (Frassoldati, Fravelli, Ranzi 2007; Starik i in. 2010). Natomiast gaz wytwarzany podczas podziemnego zgazowania węgla zawiera również metan (Stańczyk i in. 2011; Stańczyk 2008). Dlatego należałoby w rozpatrywanym mechanizmie uwzględnić także reakcje utleniania CH4. Mechanizm spalania metanu jest dobrze poznany1 (Miller, Bowman 1989; Kozlov 1959; Konnov 2009; Skjoth-Rasmussen i in. 2004; Westbrook, Dryer 1984). Choć badania procesu spalania metanu z dodatkami, tj. CO2, CO czy H2 lub gazów inertnych (azot czy argon) podejmowano na przestrzeni ostatnich lat [najstarsze źródło pochodzi z 1988 r. (Zhu, Egolfo-poulos, Law 1988)], to mechanizm zachodzącego procesu spalania pozostaje nadal przedmiotem dyskusji (Konnov, Dyakov 2005; Coppens, Konnov 2008; Chernovsky, Atreya, Im 2007; Le Cong, Dagaut 2007; U Cong, Dagaut, Dayma 2008; Le Cong, Dagaut 2008a). Dlatego w celu efektywniejszego wykorzysta-a gazu niskokalorycznego do zasilania turbin gazowych, konieczna jest analiza istniejących mechanizmów spalania metanu, wodoru oraz tlenku węgla, celem której będzie określenie reakcji dominujących w zachodzącym procesie jednoczesnego spalania H2, CH4, i CO oraz ustalenie wpływu CO2 i H2O na zachodzący proces. Dotychczas nie podjęto próby modelowania procesów spalania układów zawierających CH4/H2/CO/CO2/O2/N2/H2O, dlatego ważne jest poznanie mechanizmu zachodzącego procesu jako drogi do bezproblemowego modelowania spalania gazu z PZW w turbinach gazowych. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono analizę istniejących mechanizmów spalania w układach zawierających CH4/H2/CO/CO2/O2/N2/H2O, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem wpływu dodatków (CO2, CO, H2 i H20) na zachodzący proces spalania metanu.
The composition of the gas produced in the process of Underground Coal Gasification (USG) depends on the technology and operating parameters applied. It mainly composes with: carbon dioxidc (12-64 per cent), hydrogen (2,5-41,2 per cent) and carbon monoxide (1,3-33,2 per cent). The others are: methane (0,17-5,4 per cent), ethane (0,01-0,13 per cent), oxygen (0-5,7 per cent) and nitrogen (0,1-78,2 per cent) (Stańczyk et al. 2011; Białecka 2008; Stańczyk 2008). The analysis (Stańczyk 2008) clearly indicates that the combustion in the gas turbinę combustor is the most economical method for the utilization of UCG gas. The combustion mechanism of that Iow calorific value fuel is not well understood. In the literaturę we can found the combustion mechanisms of the synthesis gas, but they are based upon the combustion hydrogen and carbon monoxide (Frassoldati, Fravelli, Ranzi 2007; Starik et al. 2010). While, the UCG gas also contains methane (Stańczyk et al. 2011; Stańczyk 2008). Therefore, the combustion mechanism should also take into account the methane oxidation reactions scheme. The mechanism of methane combustion is well known2 (Miller, Bowman 1989; Kozlov 1959; Konnov 2009; Skjoth-Rasmussen et al. 2004; Westbrook, Dryer 1984). However, the mechanism of methane combustion with additives such as: C02, CO and H2or j inert gas (nitrogen or argon) is a relatively new topic [the oldest source is 1988 (Zhu, Egolfopoulos, Law 1988)] and the combustion mechanism is still discussed (Konnov, Dyakov 2005; Coppens, Konnov 2008; Chernovsky, Atreya, Im 2007; Le Cong, Dagaut 2007; Le Cong, Dagaut, Dayma 2008; Le Cong, Dagaut 2008a). Therefore, to more efficient use of the UCG gas to the turbinę sets, it requires the analysis the existing combustion mechanisms of methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This analysis will identify the dominant chemical reactions which affect the H2, CH4, CO system combustion and determination the role of C02 and H2O as the additives in the combustion process. Because the previously numerical tests did not yield satisfactory results, therefore it is important to know the mechanism of this process, as a way to remove the difficulties involved in the modeling of the UCG gas combustion in the gas turbines. In this paper the analysis of the existing combustion mechanisms in the systems consising of I CH4/H2/CO/CO2/O2/N2/H2O was made and the additives effect in detail were discussed.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa; 2011, 3; 25-35
1643-7608
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe GIG. Górnictwo i Środowisko / Główny Instytut Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In-cylinder combustion analysis of a SI engine fuelled with hydrogen enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) : engine performance, efficiency and emissions
Autorzy:
Juknelevičius, R.
Mehra, R.K.
Ma, F.
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245683.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
hydrogen
CNG
SI engine
combustion
emission
MFB
Opis:
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrogen addition on spark ignition (SI) engine’s performance, thermal efficiency, and emission using variable composition hydrogen/CNG mixtures. The hydrogen was used in amounts of 0%, 20%, 40% by volume fraction at each engine speed and load. Experimental analysis was performed at engine speed of 1200 rpm, load of 120 Nm corresponding BMEP = 0.24 MPa, spark timing 26 CAD BTDC, and at engine speed of 2000 rpm, load of 350 Nm corresponding BMEP = 0.71 MPa, spark timing 22 CAD BTDC. The investigation results show that increasing amounts of hydrogen volume fraction contribute to shorten ignition delay time and decrease of the combustion duration, that also affect main combustion phase. The combustion duration analysis of mass fraction burned (MFB) was presented in the article. Decrease of CO2 in the exhaust gases was observed with increase of hydrogen amounts to the engine. However, nitrogen oxides (NOX) were found to increase with hydrogen addition if spark timing was not optimized according to hydrogen’s higher burning speed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 253-260
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Knock and combustion rate interaction in a hydrogen fuelled combustion engine
Autorzy:
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245975.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion knock
heat release rate
hydrogen
engine
Opis:
The paper describes correlation between combustion knock intensity and combustion rate calculated as the heat release rate from combustion pressure traces of a hydrogen fuelled spark ignited engine. Unlike a gasoline spark ignited (SI) engine, the hydrogen fuelled engine can easily generate knock during combustion at working conditions similar to a gasoline engine. However, the hydrogen knock does not necessarily come from hydrogen auto-ignition at the end phase of spark-controlled combustion process as it is typical at the gasoline fuelled engine. The phenomenon of hydrogen knock significantly differs from the gasoline knock due to different combustion mechanisms and different fuel thermo-chemical properties. The knock can be generated during hydrogen combustion itself as result of combustion instabilities. Intensity of this knock, expressed here by intensity of combustion pressure fluctuations, is several times lower in comparison with the combustion knock by fuel self-ignition process. This "light knock" is a matter of this paper. The tests of hydrogen combustion in the IC engine has been conducted at air to hydrogen stoichiometric ratio at various compression ratios with spark timing sweep from -10 to 4 crank angle degrees referring to top dead centre of the engine piston. Obtained results show, that there is a positive correlation between the knock intensity and the combustion rate. This correlation is particularly observed at tests taken on the engine with compression ratio of 10. The conclusions should provide good premises for combustion knock modelling and its prediction.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 3; 431-438
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Miller cycle based IC engine fuelled with a CNG/hydrogen
Autorzy:
Grab-Rogaliński, K.
Szwaja, S.
Tutak, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246306.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
hydrogen
miller cycle
gaseous fuels
combustion engines
Opis:
The results of research conducted on a supercharged spark ignition gaseous engine are exposed in the paper. The engine was modified to work as an engine with the Miller cycle. Modification of the engine, that allowed it to work in the Miller cycle, dealt particularly with the camshaft. This modification allows changing both intake and exhaust timings independently with limitations of ±20 deg. During the research, the engine was fuelled with compressed natural gas or hydrogen optionally. It was for making comparison between selected engine parameters, while the engine was working on two significantly different fuels. Both fuels were delivered to intake manifold close to intake valve through a fuel mixer. During the research, pressure data was collected with various both spark ignition timings and equivalence ratios, and boost pressures. On the basis of obtained data the parameters as follows: indicated mean effective pressure, coefficient of variance from the indicated mean effective pressure, Normalized Mass Fraction Burn and Heat Release Rate were calculated and discussed. As observed optimal ignition, timing is advanced for the engine working on hydrogen or natural gas as fuel with the Miller cycle when compared to the classic Otto cycle applied to this engine. In all tests of the engine with the Miller cycle coefficient of variance from the indicated mean effective pressure indicates good stability of engine work. Finally, the engine working on hydrogen is characterized by shorter combustion period that resulted from higher laminar flame speed compared to the natural gas fuelled engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 137-144
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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