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Wyszukujesz frazę "hybrid constructed wetlands" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
Tytuł:
Ocena technologicznej niezawodności przydomowej oczyszczalni ścieków z układem złóż filtracyjnych zmodyfikowaną metodą Weibulla
Assessing technical reliability of an on-site sewage treatment plant with filtration bed system, by using modified Weibulls method
Autorzy:
Nastawny, M.
Jucherski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/238335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
niezawodność
hybrydowe oczyszczalnie hydrofitowe
ścieki bytowe
złoża keramzytowe
hybrid constructed wetlands
reliability
domestic sewage treatment
keramzite beds
Opis:
Oceniono technologiczną niezawodność przydomowej hybrydowej oczyszczalni ścieków bytowych, opracowanej w ITP-GCB w Tyliczu, analizując stabilność procesów zmniejszania się w niej wskaźników zanieczyszczeń BZT5 i ChZT oraz stężenia zawiesiny ogólnej (ZO). Analizie poddano kompletną oczyszczalnię (KO) oraz jej element składowy - złoże o przepływie pionowym ścieków (ZPV). Do analizy statystycznej zastosowano metodę Weibulla, zmodyfikowaną przez BUGAJSKIEGO i in. [2012]. Wykazano, że KO działa ze 100-procentową niezawodnością, biorąc pod uwagę zgodność wskaźników: BZT5, ChZT i ZO w oczyszczonych ściekach z wymaganiami zawartymi w rozporządzeniu Ministra Środowiska [2006] dla odprowadzenia ścieków do wód. Niezawodność technologiczna złoża ZPV (BZT5 - 44%, ChZT - 91% i ZO - 76%) jest niewystarczająca, aby można było wykorzystać je jako samodzielną oczyszczalnię.
Paper presented an assessment of technological reliability for a hybrid, domestic wastewater treatment plant, designed at the Mountain Research Center, Tylicz. Stability of reduction processes was analysed with respect to the pollutant parameters (BOD5, COD) and the concentration of total suspended solids (TSS). The tests included complete treatment plant (CTP), and one of its component - vertical flow bed (VFB). The Weibull’s method, modified by BUGAJSKI et al. [2012], was applied to statistical analysis. It was stated that the complete treatment plant worked at 100% reliability, considering the compliance of effluent BOD5, COD and TTS, with the standards given in an ordinance of the Minister of Environment [2006] for sewage discharge into waters. Technological reliability of the VFB (BOD5 - 44%, COD - 91%, TSS - 76%) was insufficient to its use as an independent, separate sewage treatment plant.
Źródło:
Problemy Inżynierii Rolniczej; 2013, R. 21, nr 2, 2; 165-175
1231-0093
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Inżynierii Rolniczej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efektywność usuwania azotu ze ścieków bytowych w zraszanych złożach keramzytowych o różnym obciążeniu hydraulicznym i różnym ładunku substratu organicznego
Effectiveness of removing nitrogen compounds from domestic sewage in trickling leca beds of different hydraulic and organic substrate loads
Autorzy:
Jucherski, A.
Nastawny, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/238769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
hybrydowa oczyszczalnia hydrofitowa
oczyszczalnia zagrodowa
ścieki bytowe
warunki górskie
złoża keramzytowe
hybrid constructed wetlands
farmstead sewage treatment plants
domestic sewage
mountain conditions
keramzite beds
Opis:
Celem 8-letnich badań (2004-2012), prowadzonych w warunkach klimatu górskiego, było porównanie i ocena efektów usuwania azotu ze ścieków bytowych w dwóch konstrukcyjnie podobnych urządzeniach ze zraszanymi złożami z wypełnieniem z granulatów keramzytowych. Analizowano zmiany N-NH4, N-NO3, Ntot w obiektach pracujących w różnych warunkach temperatury, obciążenia hydraulicznego i ładunku substratu organicznego (BZT5). W warunkach większego obciążenia złoża 2. substratem organicznym (średnie BZT5 = 78,60 g O2·m-2·d-1) efektywność nitryfikacji (η = 80%, K20 = 0,543 d-1) była mniejsza niż w mniej obciążonym (średnie BZT5 = 46,35 g O2·m–2·d–1) złożu 1. η = 91%, a K20 do 2,398 d-1. Odwrotnie zaś w warunkach większego obciążenia złoża 2. substratem organicznym efektywność denitryfikacji i szybkość usuwania azotu SUZ były większe (η = 30%, SUZ = 7,86 g·m-2·d-1) niż w złożu 1. mniej obciążonym substratem organicznym (η = 11%, SUZ = 1,55 g·m-2·d-1). Procesy nitryfikacji w złożach można zintensyfikować przez zmniejszenie obciążenia ich powierzchni ładunkiem organicznym, dopasowując konstrukcyjnie zraszane powierzchnie do większego stężenia zanieczyszczeń organicznych w ściekach odpływających z wiejskich osadników gnilnych.
During 8 year’s study (2004-2012), conducted in the mountain climate, the effects of domestic wastewater treatment in two similar construction facilities with trickling filter beds filled with LECA, were compared and evaluated. The changes of BOD5, N-NH4, N-NO3 and Ntot in the beds working under various conditions of temperature, hydraulic load and the load of organic substrate (BOD5), were analysed. Effectiveness of nitrification (η = 80%, K20 = 0.543·day-1) was lower in bed 2, with higher load of organic substrate (average BOD5 = 78.60 g O2·m-2·day-1), than the effectiveness (η = 91% and K20 to 2.398·day–1) gained in bed 1 with lower load (mean BOD5 = 46.35 g O2·m-2·day-1). On the contrary, effectiveness of denitrification and nitrogen removal rate (η = 30%. SUZ = 7.86 g·m-2·day-1) was higher in bed 2, than in bed 1 (η = 11%, SUZ = 1.55 g·m-2·day-1) which was less loaded. Nitrification process in the beds could be intensified by decreasing organic load of their surfaces by means of constructional adaptation of trickling surfaces proportionally to higher concentration of organic pollutants in wastewater out flowing from the rural septic tanks.
Źródło:
Problemy Inżynierii Rolniczej; 2012, R. 20, nr 4, 4; 171-181
1231-0093
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Inżynierii Rolniczej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowoczesne techniki i technologie inżynierii środowiska
Novel Methods and Technologies in Environmental Engineering
Autorzy:
Miksch, K.
Cema, G.
Felis, E.
Sochacki, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818151.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
tlenowe granule
zewnątrzkomórkowe polimery
częściowa nitryfikacja
proces Anammox
zaawansowane procesy utleniania
systemy hybrydowe
oczyszczalnie hydrofitowe
dekoloryzacja barwników
bioremediacja gruntu
mikoryza roślin
techniki biologii molekularne
PCR
FISH
aerobic granules
granule formation
extracellular polymeric substances
partially nitrification
anammox process
advanced oxidation processes
hybrid systems
constructed wetlands
decolorization
synthetic dyes
soil bioremediation
plant mycorrhization
molecular biology techniques
Opis:
The novel technologies used in environmental engineering were discussed in this paper – the formation of aerobic granules, the Anammox process, the advanced oxidation processes, the use of fungi for dyes decolorization, constructed wetlands, the soil phytoremediation supported by rhizosphere microorganisms and the use of molecular biology technique in environmental engineering. The structure of granular sludge is influenced by EPS production. The average diameter and density of biogranules increase due to EPS production. Although polysaccharides are essential, proteins were found to be the predominant component of aerobic granular sludge. Compared to loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) showed more significant correlations with granules formation. This investigation will contribute towards a better understanding of the behavior and composition of EPS in sequencing batch reactors. The traditional nitrification and denitrification processes proceed well with typical municipal wastewater. Nevertheless, there are also nitrogen-rich wastewater streams like landfill leachate or reject waters from dewatering of digested sludge, for which traditional nitrification/denitrification can be generally ineffective due to free ammonia inhibition of nitrification and unfavorable biodegradable carbon content for denitrification. Because of high requirements for oxygen and the necessity for addition of external carbon source, treating such nitrogen-rich streams with nitrification/denitrification would become expensive and unsustainable. The least resources consuming pathway for the conversion of ammonium to nitrogen gas is a combination of partial nitrification and the Anammox process. The main advantages of this process compared to the conventional nitrification/denitrification are: low sludge production, decrease of the aeration costs by almost 60% (only half of the ammonia is oxidized to nitrite in the nitritation process without further oxidation to nitrate), and no need for external organic carbon source addition (Anammox process). Furthermore, anammox bacteria oxidize ammonium under anoxic conditions with nitrite as the electron acceptor, and converse energy for CO2 fixation. Additionally, the biomass yield of the Anammox process is very low (0.08 kg VSS kg NH4-N-1 in comparison to 1 kg VSS kg NH4-N-1 in conventional nitrification/denitrification process) consequently, little sludge is produced. The low sludge production is another factor that contributes to the substantially lower operation costs compared to conventional denitrification systems. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are oxidative methods which are based on the generation of the hydroxyl radicals, which are very reactive and less selective than other oxidants. In the wastewater treatment technology, AOPs can be used in a combination with conventional biological techniques (so called hybrid processes), as pre- and post- treatment processes. The advanced oxidation processes have been used in order to increase the biodegradability and also detoxification of the wastewater. The ability of fungi to degrade lignin-cellulose debris is well known. In addition to these natural molecules they may also degrade synthetic compounds, including synthetic dyes. High effectiveness of Evans blue and brilliant green mixture removal by all tested strains was demonstrated. The process was the most effective and fast in shaken conditions. Finally strain MB removed 90% of tested mixture in shaken samples after 96h. It was the best result reached among all the strains used in the experiment. High removal efficiency was accompanied by a decrease of toxicity (from V class to III class in test with D. magna and from IV class even to non-toxic in test with L. minor). The highest decrease of phytotoxicity was noticed in samples with shaken biomass in which the effect of dyes mixture elimination was the best. The research indicates very high potential of tested strains for decolorization and detoxification of dyes mixture. Constructed wetlands are man-made system mimicking the process occurring in natural wetlands. These systems are considered to be an alternative to more technically advanced waste water treatment technologies. The development of constructed wetlands is envisaged to pursue the following directions grouped according to: the type of the waste water to be treated, target contaminants, treatment intensification methods, ancillary benefits and the locality. Mycorrhiza fungi can be used for phytoremediation proccess. They support plant growth by lowering the stress caused by the lack of phosphorus and water. They produce enzymes participating in several stages of xenobiotics decomposition, which is helpful in their further biodegradation performed by the other rhisospherical organisms. The natural colonisation of PAHs contaminated soil is a long-term process. It could be shortend by adding fungal propagules as an inoculum to the soil. Fungi used for the injections should be isolated from PAHs contaminated soil. That guarantees their survival and development in the contaminated environment. The level of PAHs elimination from soil depends on a type of bioremediation modification used. It was shown that the best results are obtained with monocotylous plants combined with bacterial and fungal biopreparations obtained from contaminated soil. The symbiosis of mycorrhiza fungi with monocotylous plants caused ca. 40% increase of 3, 4, 5 and 30% of 6-ring hydrocarbons removal from soil in comparison with the conventional methods. Important aspect of environmental protection and engineering is the possibility for qualitative and quantitative monitoring of complex microbial communities, responsible for biotechnological processes, such as: soil bioremediation, wastewater treatment or composting. Due to the fact that most of the environmental bacteria cannot be grown in the laboratory conditions molecular techniques are widely used in environmental engineering. Among these methods the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based and hybridization-based (such as Fluorescent in situ Hybridization; FISH) techniques are known to be the most useful.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2015, Tom 17, cz. 1; 833-857
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3

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