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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Combined Influence of Silicon Content and Oxygen Concentration on the Oxidation Process of Silicon-Containing Steels
    Autorzy:
    Yuan, Q.
    Xu, G.
    Zhou, M.
    He, B.
    Hu, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352126.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    silicone content
    oxygen concentration
    mass gain
    isothermal holding time
    Opis:
    The combined influence of silicon content and oxygen concentration on silicon-containing steels was investigated, via a heating route similar to that applied in the industrial reheating process, using a Simultaneous Thermal Analyzer (STA). Four different oxygen concentrations and three different isothermal holding times were designed. The results show that the effect of silicon on the mass gain depends on the oxygen concentration and the oxidation time. The mass gain of low-silicon steel is greater than that of high-silicon steel at 1260°C in the oxygen concentrations of 1.0 vol.% and 2.0 vol.%, even when the isothermal holding time is 90 minutes. However, there is a critical time point for mass gain in oxygen concentrations ≥3.0 vol.%. The mass gain of lowsilicon steel is greater before and smaller after this critical point. The critical time is deferred with decreasing oxygen concentration.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 1; 445-450
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental Studies on Hydrothermal Treatment of Municipal Solid Waste for Solid Fuel Production
    Autorzy:
    Djaenudin, -
    Permana, Dani
    Ependi, Mahyar
    Putra, Herlian Eriska
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955568.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    holding time
    hydrochar
    hydrothermal treatment
    municipal solid waste
    feed to water ratio
    Opis:
    Using the Hydrothermal process to reduce the volume of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) which is mostly organic component and to utilize the solid powder resulted as coal-like solid fuel will contribute not only to solving the MSW problem but also reducing the coal consumption in the power plant. In this study, the hydrothermal processes were conducted using a laboratory scale apparatus with MSW components as the samples. The process parameters comprised temperature, solid load, and holding time. Four components were used as representative of organics and plastics in the municipal solid waste. In this study, the experiments were done performed at various temperatures, 180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C inside an experimental autoclave. The results of the experiments show that the process time, the water amount and the temperature which are used in hydrothermal process, affect the proximate and ultimate compositions. The moisture and fixed carbon content decrease and the volatile matter increases, so that the calorific value of MSW increases. On the basis of the experiments, the optimum hydrothermal process parameters are feed to water ratio of 1/1 (250 g/250 ml), temperature of 180 °C, and holding time of 90 min. It also can be concluded that the hydrothermal process can be applied to MSW to produce solid fuel.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 9; 208-215
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Sintering Holding Time and Cooling Rate on the Austenite Stability and Mechanical Properties of Nanocrystalline FeCrC Alloy
    Autorzy:
    Kim, Gwanghun
    Jeon, Junhyub
    Seo, Namhyuk
    Choi, Seunggyu
    Oh, Min-Suk
    Son, Seung Bae
    Lee, Seok-Jae
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049287.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    Fe-Cr-C alloy
    sintering holding time
    cooling rate
    austenite stability
    nanocrystalline
    Opis:
    The effects of the sintering holding time and cooling rate on the microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocrystalline Fe-Cr-C alloy were investigated. Nanocrystalline Fe-1.5Cr-1C (wt.%) alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering. Different process conditions were applied to fabricate the sintered samples. The phase fraction and grain size were measured using X-ray powder diffraction and confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction. The stability and volume fraction of the austenite phase, which could affect the mechanical properties of the Fe-based alloy, were calculated using an empirical equation. The sample names consist of a number and a letter, which correspond to the holding time and cooling method, respectively. For the 0A, 0W, 10A, and 10W samples, the volume fraction was measured at 5.56, 44.95, 6.15, and 61.44 vol.%. To evaluate the mechanical properties, the hardness of 0A, 0W, 10A, and 10W samples were measured as 44.6, 63.1, 42.5, and 53.8 HRC. These results show that there is a difference in carbon diffusion and solubility depending on the sintering holding time and cooling rate.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 3; 759-763
    1733-3490
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Application of TRIZ methodology in diffusion welding system optimization
    Zastosowanie metodologii TRIZ w optymalizacji systemu spawania dyfuzyjnego
    Autorzy:
    Ravinder-Reddy, N.
    Satynarayana, V. V.
    Prashanthi, M.
    Suguna, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409636.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    STE GROUP
    Tematy:
    bonding pressure
    bonding temperature
    holding time
    bonding strength
    diffusion layer thicknes
    interface hardness
    ciśnienie klejenia
    temperatura klejenia
    czas wiązania
    wytrzymałość wiązania
    grubość warstwy dyfuzyjnej
    twardość połączenia
    Opis:
    Welding is tremendously used in metal joining processes in the manufacturing process. In recent years, diffusion welding method has significantly increased the quality of a weld. Nevertheless, diffusion welding has some extent short research and application progress. Therefore, diffusion welding has a lack of relevant information, concerned with the joining of thick and thin materials with or without interlayers, on welding design such as fixture, parameters selection and integrated design. This article intends to combine innovative methods in the application of diffusion welding design. This will help to decrease trial and error or failure risks in the welding process being guided by the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) design method. This article hopes to provide welding design personnel with innovative design ideas under research and for practical application.
    Spawanie jest powszechnie stosowane w procesach produkcyjnych w procesie łączenia metali. W ostatnich latach metoda spawania dyfuzyjnego znacznie zwiększyła jakość spoiny. Niemniej jednak, metoda spawania dyfuzyjnego jest mało zgłębiona badawczo i krótko stosowana. Dlatego spawanie dyfuzyjne pozbawione jest istotnych informacji, związanych z łączeniem grubych i cienkich materiałów z warstwami pośrednimi lub bez ich udziału, w konstrukcji spawalniczej, takich jak mocowanie/oprawa, wybór parametrów i zintegrowana konstrukcja. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu połączyć innowacyjne metody w zastosowaniu spawania dyfuzyjnego konstrukcji. Pomoże to zmniejszyć ryzyko prób i błędów lub niepowodzeń w procesie spawania, kierując się teorią metody rozwiązywania problemów (TRIZ). Artykuł ten ma na celu uzbrojenie personelu projektującego konstrukcje spawalnicze w innowacyjne pomysły projektowe w obszarze badań i praktycznych zastosowań.
    Źródło:
    Management Systems in Production Engineering; 2017, 4 (25); 237-240
    2299-0461
    Pojawia się w:
    Management Systems in Production Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The Influence of Selected Melting Parameters on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Cast Iron
    Autorzy:
    Petrus, Ł.
    Bulanowski, A.
    Kołakowski, J.
    Brzeżański, M.
    Urbanowicz, M.
    Sobieraj, J.
    Matuszkiewicz, G.
    Szwalbe, L.
    Janerka, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/381477.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    gray cast iron
    ductile cast iron
    thermal analysis
    DTA
    cast iron properties
    holding time
    temperature
    overheating temperature
    żeliwo szare
    żeliwo sferoidalne
    analiza termiczna
    właściwości żeliwa
    temperatura
    temperatura przegrzania
    Opis:
    This paper presents the problems related to smelting gray and ductile cast iron. Special attention is paid to the metallurgical quality of cast iron. It depends on the type of furnace, charge materials and the special combination of charge, overheating and holding temperature, melting time, modification and spheroidization method. The evaluation of metallurgical quality has been performed by using derivative-thermal analysis (DTA). During the smelting process and secondary metallurgy, the ITACA system was used allowing to obtain information on alloy characteristic temperatures (Tliquidus, TeMin, TeMax, Tsolidus), VPS value, recalescence value, IGQ coefficient, nucleation gauge, porosity etc. The results of investigations and calculations are displayed in the form of graphs and dependencies. It has been shown that the derivative-thermal analysis (DTA) is an effective complement of chemical analysis and it has been found that both the increase in temperature and metal holding time have a negative impact on the metallurgical quality of liquid metal. The metallurgical quality can be improved by using proper composition of charge materials and modifiers.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2020, 20, 1; 105-110
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Collaborative paradigm for single-machine scheduling under just-in-time principles: total holding-tardiness cost problem
    Autorzy:
    Varela, M. L. R.
    Madureira, A. M.
    Dantas, J. D.
    Santos, A. S.
    Putnik, G. D.
    Trojanowska, J.
    Machado, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406794.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    single-machine
    scheduling
    heuristics
    just-in-time
    agile manufacturing
    holding-tardiness cost problem
    Opis:
    The problem of sequencing jobs on a single machine to minimize total cost (earliness and tardiness) is nowadays not just important due to traditional concerns but also due to its importance in the context of Collaborative Networked Organizations and Virtual Enterprises, where precision about promptly responses to customers’ requests, along with other important requirements, assume a crucial role. In order to provide a contribution in this direction, in this paper the authors contribute with an applied constructive heuristics that tries to find appropriate solutions for single machine scheduling problems under different processing times and due dates, and without preemption allowed. In this paper, two different approaches for single-machine scheduling problems, based on external and internal performance measures are applied to the problem and a comparative analysis is performed. Computational results are presented for the problem under Just-in-Time and agile conditions on which each job has a due date, and the objective is to minimize the sum of holding costs for jobs completed before their due date and tardiness costs for jobs completed after their due date. Additional computational tests were developed based on different customer and enterprise oriented performance criteria, although preference is given to customer-oriented measures, namely the total number of tardy jobs and the maximum tardiness.
    Źródło:
    Management and Production Engineering Review; 2018, 9, 1; 90-103
    2080-8208
    2082-1344
    Pojawia się w:
    Management and Production Engineering Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Struktura rocznego czasu pracy leśniczych
    The structure of foresters annual work-time
    Autorzy:
    Kocel, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1016323.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    struktura czasu pracy
    stanowisko lesniczego
    Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
    lesnictwo
    state forests national forest holding
    foresters
    foresters' work−time structure
    annual work−time
    Opis:
    The structure of the annual work−time of the staff from all kinds of forest sub−districts in the State Forests National Forest Holding (SF), the structure of the average annual work−time of the staff running exclusively the SF forest sub−districts and the structure of the average, annual work−time of the staff from the SF forest sub−districts supervising the forests that are not the property of the State Treasury were studied on the basis of questionnaire surveys conducted in 2004. The studies showed that the staff from all kinds of forest sub−districts spent most of their work−time for the harvesting and sale of timber (36.23% of their annual time on average). Silviculture is the second largest time−consuming activity performed by foresters, accounting for 16.47% of their annual work−time, while forest protection accounts for 12.88% and observations of the forest status – 7.55% of forest sub−district staff's annual work−time.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2007, 151, 01; 3-10
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7

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