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    Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8
    Tytuł:
    Thermal Stresses in the Accessories of Heat Treatment Furnaces vs Cooling Kinetics
    Autorzy:
    Bajwoluk, A.
    Gutowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382585.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    foundry industry
    application of information technology
    information technology
    grates
    thermal stresses
    heat treatment equipment
    przemysł odlewniczy
    zastosowanie technologii informatycznej
    technologia informatyczna
    ruszty
    naprężenia termiczne
    sprzęt do obróbki cieplnej
    Opis:
    Depending on the course of the processes of heat treatment and thermo-chemical treatment, the technological equipment of heat treatment furnaces is exposed to different operating conditions, as the said processes differ among themselves in the temperature of annealing and atmosphere prevailing in the furnace chamber, in the duration of a single work cycle and in the type and temperature of the coolant. These differences affect the magnitude of stresses occurring in each cycle of the operation of furnace accessories, and thus play an important role in fatigue processes leading to the destruction of these accessories. The kinetics of temperature changes during each cooling process plays an important role in the formation of thermal stresses on the cross-section of the cooled parts. It depends on many factors, including the initial cooling temperature, the type and temperature of the cooling medium, or the dimensions and shape of the object. This article presents a numerical analysis of the effect of the initial temperature on the distribution of stresses on the cross-section of the grate ribs, generated in the first few seconds of the cooling process carried out in two cooling media, i.e. hardening oil and water. The analysis was carried out by the finite element method, based on the results of experimental testes of temperature changes in the rib during its cooling.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2019, 3; 88-93
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Thermal Stresses in the Wall Connections of Cast Grate Structures
    Autorzy:
    Bajwoluk, A.
    Gutowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380772.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    information technology
    foundry industry
    cast grates
    thermal stresses
    technologia informatyczna
    przemysł odlewniczy
    odlew
    paleta
    naprężenia cieplne
    Opis:
    The purpose of this study was to establish a relationship between the type of wall connection used in the cast grates, which are part of the equipment operating in furnaces for heat treatment and thermal-chemical treatment, and stresses generated in these grates during the process of rapid cooling. The places where the grate walls are connected to each other are usually characterized by the thickness larger than the remaining parts of walls. Temperature variations in those places are responsible for the formation of hot spots, and in the hot spots temperature changes much more slowly. The type of wall connection shapes the temperature gradient in the joint cross-section, and hence also the value of thermal stresses generated during cooling. In this study, five different designs of the grates were compared; the difference in them was the type of the designed wall connection. The following design variants were adopted in the studies: X connections with and without holes, T connections with and without technological recesses, and R (ring) connection. Numerical analysis was performed to examine how the distribution of temperature changes in the initial phases of the cooling process. The obtained results served next as a tool in studies of the stress distribution in individual structures. The analysis were carried out by FEM in Midas NFX 2014 software. Based on the results obtained, the conclusions were drawn about the impact of different types of wall connections on the formation of thermal stresses in cast grates.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 4; 11-16
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Thermal Nodes Reduction in Wall Connections of the Charge-Handling Furnace Grates on Thermal Stresses
    Autorzy:
    Bajwoluk, Artur
    Gutowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079830.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    cast grates
    heat-resistant castings
    heat treatment equipment
    thermal stress analyses
    ruszty
    odlewy żaroodporne
    sprzęt do obróbki cieplnej
    analiza naprężeń termicznych
    Opis:
    The paper presents FEM approach for comparative analyses of wall connections applied in cast grates used for charge transport in furnaces for heat and thermal-chemical treatment. Nine variants of wall connection were compared in term of temperature differences arising during cooling process and stresses caused by the differences. The presented comparative methodology consists of two steps. In first, the calculations of heat flow during cooling in oil for analysed constructions were carried out. As a result the temperature distributions vs cooling time in cross-sections of analysed wall connections were determined. In the second step, based on heat flow analyses, calculations of stresses caused by the temperature gradient in the wall connections were performed. The conducted calculations were used to evaluate an impact of thermal nodes reduction on maximum temperature differences and to quantitative comparison of various base design of the cast grate wall connection in term of level of thermal stresses and their distribution during cooling process. The obtained results clearly show which solution of wall connection should be applied in cast grate used for charge transport in real constructions and which of them should be avoided because the risk of high thermal stresses forming during cooling process.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2021, 21, 3; 53-58
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Konstrukcja palety podstawowej oprzyrządowania technologicznego do obróbki cieplnej
    Structure of guide grate in heat treatment technological equipment
    Autorzy:
    Drotlew, A.
    Garbiak, M.
    Kubicki, J.
    Piekarski, B.
    Siluk, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/391791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Odlewnictwa
    Tematy:
    żarowytrzymałe staliwo austenityczne
    odlewy dla zakładów obróbki cieplnej
    palety
    creep resistant austenitic cast steel
    castings for heat treatment plants
    grates
    Opis:
    W pracy przedstawiono sposób postępowania umożliwiający ilościową ocenę porównawczą elastyczności różnych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych odlewu palety podstawowej. Paleta podstawowa jest głównym elementem wchodzącym w skład konstrukcji wszystkich typów oprzyrządowania technologicznego służącego do ułożenia i transportu wsadu w piecu podczas zabiegów obróbki cieplnej. Jest ażurową i cienkościenną konstrukcją. Określono wartość sił i naprężeń tworzących się w zaproponowanych konstrukcjach palety wskutek ich odkształcenia o zadaną wartość. Na tej podstawie wskazano najkorzystniejsze rozwiązania jej konstrukcji.
    The paper presents a procedure that allows a quantitative comparative assessment of the flexibility of different design solutions of guide grate cast. Guide grate is an essential component part in all types of technological equipment structures used for arranging and transporting charge in furnaces during heat treatment. It is an openwork and thin-walled construction element. Values of forces and stresses created in the proposed guide grates due to deformation are specified. On this basis, the most advantageous structure solutions are indicated.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa; 2013, 53, 3; 59-71
    1899-2439
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Connecting Castings for Operation under Conditions of Cyclic Temperature Changes
    Autorzy:
    Drotlew, Andrzej
    Piekarski, Bogdan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/107011.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    castings for heat treatment plants
    grates
    pillars
    thermal fatigue
    Opis:
    The separable connections used in technological equipment of heat treatment furnaces (OTP) are described in this study. The equipment is used for the heat treatment of charges, i.e. for the thermal and thermo-chemical treatment of parts of machines and devices. OTP is used for the charge formation and its transport before, during and after heat treatment operations. Accessories of this type are usually compact structures composed of several or several dozen cast elements. The main components are grates and pillars, which form an outer contour of the OTP and also allow for the correct arrangement of heat-treated parts. To form a relatively rigid structure composed of the grates and pillars, it is necessary to join these components together. For this purpose, various types of separable connections are used, mainly of a cylindrical shape with threaded parts. The subject of this study is focused on the construction and operating conditions of typical OTP structures, as well as the methods of fastening the pillar in a grate, i.e. on the design of the bottom part of the pillar and the hole in the grate in which this pillar is embedded.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2020, 4, 1; 16-21
    2543-9901
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Structures for Heat Treatment Assembled from Cast Elements
    Autorzy:
    Piekarski, Bogdan
    Drotlew, Andrzej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1445040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    castings for heat treatment plants
    design of castings
    grates
    Opis:
    Various types of technological equipment individually designed for operation in pit and elevator heat treatment furnaces are described in this article. A common characteristic of these structures is that they are composed of several or several dozen thin-walled elements of various shapes and sizes, gravity cast in sand moulds from creep-resistant alloys (austenitic Cr-Ni/Ni-Cr cast steel and cast nickel alloys). The design of the castings requires the development of a manufacturing technology that can effectively use the principle of the simultaneous solidification of all components. Properly designed equipment should have minimum weight, maximum strength, and maximum loading capacity combined with adequate durability and reliability. Two designs of the equipment for the heat treatment of steel parts were presented. Both designs, as well as their individual components, were described in detail and illustrated. The main task of the equipment is to form the charge in the furnace and transport this charge both inside and outside the furnace. The first design is the design of an equipment for the heat treatment of large ring-shaped parts. The second design is the design of an equipment, whose structure can be modified using various repeatable components. As a result of these modifications, different variants of the equipment are obtained, allowing for the heat treatment of five different types of the shafts characterized by different shapes and sizes. The study is of an application nature. It is addressed to engineering and technical staff dealing with both the design and operation of heat treatment furnaces.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2020, 4, 4; 53-57
    2543-9901
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mechanical Stresses Induced by Compression in Castings of the Load-carrying Grate
    Autorzy:
    Słowik, J.
    Drotlew, A.
    Piekarski, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/380480.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    castings
    innovative foundry technologies
    innovative foundry materials
    heat treatment
    mechanical stresses
    grates
    odlewy
    innowacyjne technologie odlewnicze
    innowacyjne materiały odlewnicze
    obróbka cieplna
    naprężenia mechaniczne
    Opis:
    The main aim of this study was to examine the compression-induced state of stress arising in castings of the guide grates during operation in pusher-type furnaces for heat treatment. The effect of grate compression is caused by its forced movement in the furnace. The introduction of flexible segments to the grate structure changes in a significant way the stress distribution, mainly by decreasing its value, and consequently considerably extends the lifetime of the grates. The stress distribution was examined in the grates with flexible segments arranged crosswise (normal to the direction of the grate compression) and lengthwise (following the direction of force). A regression equation was derived to describe the relationship between the stress level in a row of ribs in the grate and the number of flexible segments of a lengthwise orientation placed in this row. It was found that, regardless of the distribution of the flexible segments in a row, the stress values were similar in all the ribs included in this row, and in a given row of the ribs/flexible segments a similar state of stress prevailed, irrespective of the position of this row in the whole structure of the grate and of the number of the ribs/flexible segments introduced therein. Parts of the grate responsible for the stress transfer were indicated and also parts which play the role of an element bonding the structure.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2016, 16, 2; 51-54
    1897-3310
    2299-2944
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Foundry Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Calculation of temperature in ventilating roof space
    Obliczanie temperatury powietrza w przestrzeni dachów wentylowanych
    Autorzy:
    Zender-Świercz, E.
    Piotrowski, J. Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/402420.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach. Wydawnictwo PŚw
    Tematy:
    przestrzeń dachów wentylowanych
    kratki wentylacyjne
    kondensacja wilgoci
    ventilating roof space
    air grates
    moisture condensation
    Opis:
    Condensation is a problem in the roof space. The solution to this problem is an air-hole in the roofing. We can calculate the air temperature in the roof space with equations found in literature. The modified equations are presented in this article. They take the air-hole area into consideration.
    Źródło:
    Structure and Environment; 2010, 2, 1; 59-62
    2081-1500
    Pojawia się w:
    Structure and Environment
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-8 z 8

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