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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Adsorption of n-hexane on a low-cost adsorbent obtained from waste tyres and its microwave regeneration
    Autorzy:
    Kotkowski, Tomasz
    Cherbański, Robert
    Molga, Eugeniusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173416.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    regeneracja mikrofalowa
    granulowany węgiel aktywny
    n-heksan
    microwave regeneration
    tyre pyrolysis char
    granular activated carbon
    n-hexane
    Opis:
    This work investigates adsorption of n-hexane on activated tyre pyrolysis char (ATPC) and granular activated carbon (GAC) as a reference material in a fixed-bed column. Microwave-assisted regeneration is also considered. The adsorbed amount of n-hexane on ATPC is in the range of 37–58 mg/g. Microwave-assisted desorption of ATPC samples enables the recovery of up to 95% of adsorbed n-hexane in this non-optimized microwave setup with the efficiency of microwave energy conversion into heat of only 5–6%. For the 50% breakthrough time, ATPC and GAC are able to purify the n-hexane gas volumes in the ranges of 20–90 and 935–1240 cm3/g, respectively. While adsorption kinetics is not satisfactorily described by pseudo-first and pseudo-second order kinetic models, it is very well reflected by a family of dynamic adsorption models, which are modelled with a single logistic function. Internal diffusion is likely the rate limiting step during adsorption on ATPC, while external and internal diffusion likely plays a role in adsorption to GAC. Although microwave-assisted regeneration is performed in a general purpose microwave reactor, both adsorbents show excellent performance and are very good candidates for the adsorption process. Preliminary results show that magnetite can further reduce microwave energy consumption.
    Źródło:
    Chemical and Process Engineering; 2022, 43, 1; 57--80
    0208-6425
    2300-1925
    Pojawia się w:
    Chemical and Process Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The use of activated carbons for removing organic matter from groundwater
    Zastosowanie pylistych węgli aktywnych do usuwania materii organicznej z wody podziemnej
    Autorzy:
    Kaleta, J.
    Kida, M.
    Koszelnik, P.
    Papciak, D.
    Puszkarewicz, A.
    Tchórzewska-Cieślak, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205458.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    groundwater
    powdery activated carbon
    granular activated carbon
    organic matter
    biosorption
    woda gruntowa
    pylisty węgiel aktywny
    granulowany węgiel aktywny
    materia organiczna
    biosorpcja
    Opis:
    The article presents research results of the introduction of powdery activated carbon to the existing technological system of the groundwater treatment stations in a laboratory, pilot plant and technical scale. The aim of the research was to reduce the content of organic compounds found in the treated water, which create toxic organic chlorine compounds (THM) after disinfection with chlorine. Nine types of powdery active carbons were tested in laboratory scale. The top two were selected for further study. Pilot plant scale research was carried out for the filter model using CWZ-30 and Norit Sa Super carbon. Reduction of the organic matter in relation to the existing content in the treated water reached about 30%. Research in technical scale using CWZ-30 carbon showed a lesser efficiency with respect to laboratory and pilot-plant scale studies. The organic matter decreased by 15%. Since filtration is the last process before the individual disinfection, an alternative solution is proposed, i.e. the second stage of filtration with a granular activated carbon bed, operating in combined sorption and biodegradation processes. The results of tests carried out in pilot scale were fully satisfactory with the effectiveness of 70–100%.
    W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań w skali laboratoryjnej, półtechnicznej i technicznej nad wprowadzeniem do istniejącego układu technologicznego stacji uzdatniania wody podziemnej, pylistego węgla aktywnego. Celem badań było obniżenie zawartości występujących w wodzie uzdatnionej związków organicznych, które po procesie dezynfekcji chlorem tworzą toksyczne związki chloroorganiczne (THM). W skali laboratoryjnej przebadano 9 rodzajów pylistych węgli aktywnych, z których dwa najlepsze wytypowano do dalszych badań. Badania w skali półtechnicznej realizowano na filtrze modelowym z zastosowaniem węgli: CWZ-30 i Norit Sa Super. Obniżenie materii organicznej w stosunku do jej dotychczasowej zawartości w wodzie uzdatnionej wynosiło ok.30%. Badania w skali technicznej z zastosowaniem węgla CWZ-30 wykazały nieco mniejszą skuteczność w odniesieniu do badań laboratoryjnych i badań w skali półtechnicznej. Obniżenie zawartości materii organicznej wyniosło ok. 15%. Ponieważ ostatnim procesem jednostkowym przed dezynfekcją jest filtracja, zaproponowano alternatywne rozwiązanie – drugi stopień filtracji ze złożem granulowanego węgla aktywnego, pracującego w połączonych procesach sorpcji i biodegradacji. Rezultaty badań zrealizowanych w skali półtechnicznej były w pełni zadowalające – skuteczność 70–100%.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Environmental Protection; 2017, 43, 3; 32-41
    2083-4772
    2083-4810
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Environmental Protection
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of TiO2-ZnO/GAC on by-product distribution of CVOCs decomposition in a NTP-assisted catalysis system
    Autorzy:
    Abed, K.
    Ghorbani-Shahna, F.
    Bahrami, A.
    Jaleh, B.
    Yarahmadi, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/779609.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane ZUT w Szczecinie
    Tematy:
    non-thermal plasma
    catalyst
    CVOCs
    TiO2-ZnO
    granular activated carbon
    Opis:
    In this study, the catalytic effect of TiO2-ZnO/GAC coupled with non-thermal plasma was investigated on the byproducts distribution of decomposition of chlorinated VOCs in gas streams. The effect of specific input energy, and initial gas composition was examined in a corona discharge reactor energized by a high frequency pulsed power supply. Detected by-products for catalytic NTP at 750 J L-1 included CO, CO2, Cl2, trichloroacetaldehyde, as well as trichlorobenzaldehyde with chloroform feeding, while they were dominated by CO, CO2, and lower abundance of trichlorobenzaldehyde and Cl2 with chlorobenzene introduction. Some of the by-products such as O2, NO, NO2, and COCl2 &enspdisappeared totally over TiO2-ZnO/GAC. Furthermore, the amount of heavy products such as trichlorobenzaldehyde decreased significantly in favor of small molecules such as CO, CO2, and Cl2 with the hybrid process. The selectivity towards COx soared up to 77% over the catalyst at 750 J L-1 and 100 ppm of chlorobenzene.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology; 2015, 17, 1; 32-40
    1509-8117
    1899-4741
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Chemical Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Usuwanie bromków i bromianów z wody w procesie wymiany anionów przez membranę jonowymienną
    Removal of Bromides and Bromates from Water in the Anion-Exchange Process with Ion-Exchange Membrane
    Autorzy:
    Wiśniewski, J. A.
    Kabsch-Korbutowicz, M.
    Łakomska, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819069.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    usuwanie bromków
    wymiana anionów
    granular activated carbon
    drinking waters
    ozonation
    scale
    acid
    Opis:
    Bromide ions are present both in surface and ground water and their concentration ranges from several to 800 µg/L. Bromides are not reported to be detrimental to human health but their presence in the water being disinfected is a contributing factor in the formation of harmful disinfection by-products (DBP). During water disinfection with chlorine, bromides are oxidized to hypobromous acid (HOBr), which reacts with natural organic matter (NOM) to form carcinogenic brominated trihalomethanes (BrTHM). When ozone is used in water disinfection, bromides are oxidized to hypobromite ions (OBr-/) and thereafter to bromates (BrO3-). Bromates are ions exerting a carcinogenic effect on human organisms. According to the data published by the US Environmental Protection Agency, the lifetime risk of cancer disease amounts to 10-4, for a man consuming daily 2 L of water containing 5 μg BrO3-/L. The above data prove that bromides or bromates should be removed from drinking water. Among the methods used for this purpose, coagulation (for bromide removal) and granular activated carbon adsorption or reverse osmosis (for bromate removal) provide the highest removal efficiency. We proposed Donnan dialysis with anion-exchange membrane for removal of bromides or bromates from water. In this process, an anion-exchange membrane separates two solutions: the feeding solution (with harmful anions) and the receiver (with a simple salt of a relatively high concentration). Transport of the driving anions (e.g. chlorides) from the receiver to the feeding solution induces an equivalent, oppositely directed anion flow to the receiver. In this way the harmful anions that occur in the solution being treated (bromides or bromates) are replaced with neutral ions from the receiver (i.e. chlorides). Donnan dialysis was performed in a laboratory dialytic set-up containing 20 cell pairs with anion-exchange membranes, Selemion AMV (Asahi Glass) or Neosepta ACS (Tokuyama Corp.). The working area of the membranes amounted to 0.140 m2. The feed was natural water enriched with bromide salt (500 µg Br-/L) or with bromate salt (50 µg BrO3-/L). The receiver was NaCl solution with concentration ranging from 50 to 300 mM. It was found that Donnan dialysis with the anion-exchange membrane Selemion AMV enables high removal efficiency of bromides from natural water containing 500 µg Br-/L. The efficiency of bromide removal amounts to 86% at a relatively low NaCl concentration in the receiver (100 mM). The exchange of bromide ions for chloride ions is paralleled by the exchange of associated anions: sulphates (with 76% efficiency) and bicarbonates (with 70% efficiency). Compared to the anion-exchange process with Selemion AMV, the process involving Neosepta ACS (an anion-exchange membrane of a compact surface structure) provides a higher efficiency of bromide removal that amounts to 90%. In this process, retention of the associated anions is relatively high: sulphates are exchanged for chlorides with the efficiency of 3% and bicarbonates – with the efficiency of 43%. The anion-exchange process with the membrane Selemion AMV offers complete removal of bromates from natural water (containing 50 µg BrO3-/L), when salt concentration in the receiver is low (100 mM NaCl). There is aconcomitant exchange of other anions for chloride ions: sulphates are exchanged for chlorides with the efficiency of 93% and bicarbonates – with the efficiency of 73%. The anion-exchange process also provides complete removal of bromates from natural water, when use is made of the Neosepta ACS membrane. However, the exchange of sulphate ions and bicarbonate ions for chloride ions is poor (3% efficiency and 47% efficiency, respectively). Such treatment approach may be recommended for implementation, when the concentration of anions (especially that of bicarbonates) in the water to be treated is low.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 2; 1260-1273
    1506-218X
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4

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