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Tytuł:
The European Union as a Global Economic Power
Autorzy:
Mucha-Leszko, Bogumiła
Twarowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-09-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
European Union
economic growth
productivity
global position
Opis:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the EU economic position in 1995–2014 as well as the prospective growth potential in the global dimension up to 2025. The subject of the research is real and projected data including: GDP growth rate, main growth factors (labour, labour productivity and Total Factor Productivity), and their input to GDP growth, as well as data showing public debts and budget deficits. The analysis was conducted for the years 1995–2014 and 2015–2025. The authors' basic conclusions are: 1) the technological and economic gap between the European Union and the United States has been deepening; 2) the increasing polarisation of world economic powers and low GDP growth in the European Union limit the EU’s chances of maintaining the position as the second centre in the world economy; 3) improving the situation in public finances in the European Union as compared to the US is a factor which could raise GDP growth rates in European countries, however, there are countries whose future is in doubt due to the dramatically poor state of public finances, such as Greece, Italy, Portugal or Ireland; 4) economic growth forecasts indicate a deepening of the economic gap between the largest EU countries and the US.
Źródło:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe; 2016, 19, 3; 27-44
1508-2008
2082-6737
Pojawia się w:
Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bio Mapping for Purposes of City Management - Practical Reflections
Autorzy:
Szołtysek, Jacek
Twaróg, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522266.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Global Position System (GPS)
Miasto
Zarządzanie miastem
City
City management
Opis:
The article offers information on the failing of bio mapping as a tool for city management. It informs that city managers consider the bio mapping tool as imperfect and unreliable for determining particular actions. It describes that preparation stage involves selection and training of the volunteers, and advises to be equipped with map for a walking journey within designated area and carry devices like Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and Global Positioning System (GPS).
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2013, 11; 113-123
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Business Profile Shaping and the Logistics Information Systems of 2PL, 3PL, 4PL Operators
Autorzy:
Hanus, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Global Position System (GPS)
Hurtownie danych
Logistyka
Logistyka w gospodarce
Obsługa klienta
Oprogramowanie komputerowe
Usługi informacyjne
Zarządzanie
Computer software
Customer service
Data warehouse
Information services
Logistic in business
Logistics
Management
Opis:
The article offers information on a research related to aspects of business development and logistics information system of operators including 2PL, 3PL and 4PL conducted in September-November 2011. Topics of discussion included were the use operators in inventory and logistics management, customer service and warehousing. It also discusses the use of information technology tools including mobile phone network and transportation management by an integrated Global Positioning Systems (GPS).
Źródło:
Journal of Economics and Management; 2013, 12; 5-21
1732-1948
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Competitive position of the food industry of the European Union on the global market
Pozycja konkurencyjna przemysłu spożywczego Unii Europejskiej na rynku światowym
Autorzy:
Juchniewicz, M.
Lukiewska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/37588.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
competitive position
food industry
European Union
global market
international trade
Opis:
The conducted research is consistent with commercial trend of the research on competitiveness. The main goal was to assess the competitive position of the food industry of the European Union (EU) on the global market in the period 2000–2013. Used indicators are based on the results achieved in foreign trade: global market share, trade coverage ratio and revealed comparative advantage ratio. The food industry was defi ned on the basis of the aggregation of the departments 01–09, 11, 4 SITC Rev. 3. According to the research, the EU and the USA were the world’s largest exporters of the food industry products. Their importance in the world export decreases slightly in favour of such countries, as China and Brazil. A surplus in food trade achieved by the EU was small, especially as compared to Argentina. The conducted analysis demonstrates that the EU as a whole did not have comparative advantages in trade of food products over the countries not belonging to the Community.
Przeprowadzone badania wpisują się w handlowy nurt badań nad konkurencyjnością. Celem głównym była ocena pozycji konkurencyjnej przemysłu spożywczego Unii Europejskiej (UE) na rynku światowym w latach 2000–2013. Zastosowano wskaźniki bazujące na wynikach osiąganych w handlu zagranicznym: udział w światowym eksporcie, wskaźnik pokrycia importu eksportem oraz wskaźnik ujawnionych przewag komparatywnych. Przemysł spożywczy został zdefi niowany na podstawie agregacji działów 01–09, 11, 4 SITC Rev. 3. Z badań wynika, że UE i USA były największymi eksporterami produktów przemysłu spożywczego na świecie. Ich znaczenie w światowym eksporcie maleje nieznacznie na korzyść takich krajów, jak Chiny i Brazylia. Uzyskiwana przez UE nadwyżka w handlu żywnością była niewielka, zwłaszcza w porównaniu do Argentyny. Przeprowadzona analiza wskazuje ponadto, że UE jako całość nie posiadała przewag komparatywnych w handlu artykułami spożywczymi nad krajami nienależącymi do Wspólnoty.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia; 2015, 14, 3
1644-0757
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The European Union as a Regional Power and Its Potential to Become an Effective Global Player
Autorzy:
Marcinkowska, Paula
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2091767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-06-25
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
EU
international actor
potential
position
roles
regional organization
global player
Opis:
The European Union plays different roles in the region (Europe and its neighbourhood) and on the global scene. Due to various threats and challenges emerging from neighbouring countries (politically fast-changing environment, illegal migration, etc.), which are affecting the EU countries directly, one of the EU foreign policy’s goals is to ensure stability and prosperity in its neighbourhood. However, on the global scene, the EU is building up its position mostly in economic terms, by developing trade relations with other international actors. The research questions are: does the EU have the potential to become an effective global player, both in economic and political terms? Is the EU, as a regional organization, capable of becoming an influential global actor?
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2015, 51, 2; 153-165
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Global imbalances from the flow and stock perspective
Autorzy:
Knap, Renata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20874779.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-01-19
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów
Tematy:
global imbalances
flow imbalances
stock imbalances
current account
international investment position
Opis:
The objective of the paper is to identify global payment imbalances from the flow and stock perspective in the years of 2000-2017 as well as to define the causes of differences in the development of global imbalances in both of the analysed aspects. In order to achieve the objective, current account balances and international investment positions that are systemically significant to economies were analysed with the use of descriptive statistics techniques and specific analytical indicators. From the conducted studies it arises that after the outbreak of the global financial crisis, the global flow imbalance declined, whereas the global stock imbalance rose significantly. The demonstrated divergence was caused by insufficient changes in current account balances (flow imbalances) in order to cause a decrease in net international investment positions (stock imbalances) systematically significant to economies and by a weakened impact of the transactions registered in the balance of payment (flows) on the change of an international investment position (stock).
Źródło:
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences; 2019, 38; 19-31
1899-8968
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE DOMINANT POSITION OF CHINA IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
Autorzy:
Jaroszewska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594835.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
China
global economy
dominant position
Chinese economy
world economy
economic relations
Opis:
After a few decades of transformation China is becoming a major contender for the number two position in the world. Is it really possible? Will China balance the power of the United States? Today the United States supremacy is so great that it seems to be undeniable. The situation was similar at the end of the twentieth century when U.S. domination was obvious and any other reality was hard to imagine. Recently though, more and more often America’s political decisions are criticised. A few decades ago, in Beijing a new idea was developed. The essence of that idea was to transform the People’s Republic of China into a superpower. Since China was very vast and densely populated, but mostly a poor and backward country, it was a very daring vision. Years of consistent and painful reforms changed the way the world is looking at China, even though some of them were not accepted by international opinion.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2013, 42; 279-296
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Experimental studies on the relationship between HDOP and position error in the GPS system
Autorzy:
Specht, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052120.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Global Positioning System
GPS
Horizontal Dilution of Precision
HDOP
position error
Opis:
2D position error in the Global Positioning System GPS depends on the horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP) and User Equivalent Range Error UERE. The non-dimensional HDOP coeffcient, determining the influence of satellite distribution on the positioning accuracy, can be calculated exactly for a given moment in time. However, the UERE value is a magnitude variable in time, especially due to errors in radio propagation (ionosphere and troposphere effects) and it cannot be precisely predicted. The variability of the UERE causes the actual measurements (despite an exact theoretical mathematical correlation between the HDOP value and the position error) to indicate that position errors differ for the same HDOP value. The aim of this article is to determine the relation between the GPS position error and the HDOP value. It is possible only statistically, based on an analysis of an exceptionally large measurement sample. To this end, measurement results of a 10-day GPS measurement campaign (900,000 fixes) have been used. For HDOP values (in the range of 0.6-1.8), position errors were recorded and analysed to determine the statistical distribution of GPS position errors corresponding to various HDOP values. The experimental study and statistical analyses showed that the most common HDOP values in the GPS system are magnitudes of: 0.7 ( = 0.353) and 0.8 ( = 0.432). Only 2.77% of fixes indicated an HDOP value larger than 1. Moreover, 95% of measurements featured a geometric coeffcient of 0.973 - this is why it can be assumed that in optimal conditions (without local terrain obstacles), the GPS system is capable of providing values of HDOP ≤ 1, with a probability greater than 95% (2). Obtaining a low HDOP value, which results in a low GPS position error value, calls for providing a high mean number of satellites (12 or more) and low variability in their numer.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2022, 29, 1; 17-36
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nominal and Real Accuracy of the GPS Position Indicated by Different Maritime Receivers in Different Modes
Autorzy:
Januszewski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117133.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
Global Positioning System GPS
Navigational System
Navigational System Receiver
Accuracy of Position
GPS Receiver
GPS Position Accuracy
Dilution of Precision (DOP)
Opis:
Nowadays on the ship’s bridge two or even more GPS receivers are installed. As in the major cases the coordinates of the position obtained from these receivers differ the following questions can be posed – what is the cause of this divergence, which receiver in the first must be taken into account etc. Based on information published in annual GPS and GNSS receiver survey it was estimated the percentage of GPS receivers designed for marine and/or navigation users. The measurements of GPS position based on the four different stationary GPS receivers were realized in the laboratory of Gdynia Maritime University in Poland in the summer 2012. The coordinates of the position of all these receivers were registered at the same time. The measurements in mode 3D were made for different input data, the same for all receivers. The distances between the individual unit’s antenna were considered also. Next measurements in mode 3D also were realized on two ships in different European ports. Additional measurements were made in mode 2D with three receivers for different their’s antenna heights. The results showed that the GPS position accuracy depends on the type of the receiver and its technical parameters particularly.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2014, 8, 1; 11-19
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling GPS positioning performance in Northwest Passage during extreme space weather conditions
Autorzy:
Špoljar, D.
Jukić, O.
Sikirica, N.
Lenac, K.
Filjar, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841553.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Global Positioning System
Northwest Passage
Global Navigation Satellite System
Software Defined Radio (SDR)
GNSS SDR Receiver
GPS Position
Opis:
New shipping routes are emerging as a result of iceberg melting in polar regions, allowing for more efficient transport of people and goods. Opening of the Northwest Passage, the maritime route connecting Pacific Ocean with Atlantic Ocean through Arctic region, is considered such a development. The increasing transport exploitation of the Northwest Passage requires the quality assessment of maritime navigation aids for compliance with the established requirements. Here we contribute to the subject with addressing the polar commercial-grade GPS positioning performance in the Northwest Passage in the extreme positioning environment conditions during the massive 2003 space weather storm, a space weather event similar to the Carrington Storm of 1859, the largest space weather event recorded. The GPS positioning environment in the Northwest Passage during the Carrington-like storm in 2003 was reconstructed through the GNSS SDR receiver-post processing of the experimental GPS observations. The raw GPS dual-frequency pseudoranges and navigation messages were collected at the International GNSS Service (IGS) reference station at Ulukhaktok, Victoria Island, Canada. Pseudorange processing and GPS position estimation were performed in three scenarios of pre-mitigation of the ionospheric effects, known as the single major contributor GPS positioning error: (i) no corrections applied, (ii) Klobuchar-based corrected GPS positioning, and (iii) dual-frequency corrected GPS positioning. Resulting GPS positioning error vectors were derived as positioning error residuals from the known reference station position. Statistical properties of the northing, easting, and vertical components of the GPS positioning error vector were analyzed with a software developed in the R environment for statistical computing to select suitable methods for the GPS positioning error prediction model development. The analysis also identified the most suitable theoretical fit for experimental statistical distributions to assist the model development. Finally, two competitive GPS positioning error prediction models were developed, based on the exponential smoothing (reference) and the generalized regression neural networks (GRNN) (alternative) methods. Their properties were assessed to recommend their use as mitigation methods for adverse massive space weather effects in polar regions.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2021, 15, 1; 165-169
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selected issues of the world milk market
Wybrane zagadnienia światowego rynku mleka
Autorzy:
Kutkowska, B.
Szuk, T.
Kropsz-Wydra, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1789994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists
Tematy:
global market
milk
production
exports
competitive position
rynek światowy
mleko
produkcja
eksport
pozycja konkurencyjna
Opis:
The purpose of the study was to assess the competitive position of the dairy sector in international trade in 1998-2017. The analysis of the concentration of global milk production in the years covered by the study was also presented in the paper. The data from the FAO and the information provided by the CLAL constituted the reference source for the conducted research. The study presents the assessment of: trends in production, export and import changes, trends in percentage share changes of major milk producers, exporters and importers and also the competitive position of dairy product exporters. The analysis covered 20 largest global producers and exporters of these products. In the analysed period, the largest milk producers were as follows: India, the United States, Russia, Germany, France and Pakistan. China significantly increased its production share in recent years, whereas Russia, Germany and France reduced their share in global milk production. The following EU countries are listed among the leading exporters of dairy products: Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, France and the Czech Republic. The highest export growth dynamics were recorded in: Poland, the Czech Republic, Latvia, Estonia and Slovakia. The analysed period was characterised by a strong concentration of countries producing and exporting dairy products and an increase in pro-export orientation among the largest exporters of these products in global markets. After joining the European Union, Poland’s competitive position on the discussed market was gradually improving.
Celem opracowania jest ocena pozycji konkurencyjnej sektora mleczarskiego w wymianie międzynarodowej w latach 1998-2017. Dokonano także analizy koncentracji produkcji mleka na świecie w badanych latach. Źródłem materiałów były dane Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych ds. Wyżywienia i Rolnictwa (FAO) oraz informacje podawane przez Global Dairy Market (CLAL). W pracy oceniono: tendencje zmian w produkcji, eksporcie i imporcie, tendencje zmian w procentowym udziale największych producentów mleka, eksporterów i importerów oraz pozycję konkurencyjną eksporterów produktów mleczarskich. Analizie poddano 20 państw będących największymi producentami i eksporterami tych produktów na świecie. W badanym okresie największymi producentami mleka były: Indie, Stany Zjednoczone, Rosja, Niemcy, Francja i Pakistan. W ostatnich latach udział w produkcji znacząco zwiększyły Chiny, natomiast Rosja, Niemcy i Francja ograniczyły swój udział w światowej produkcji mleka. Do czołowych eksporterów produktów mleczarskich należą państwa UE: Niemcy, Belgia, Holandia, Francja i Czechy. Największą dynamiką przyrostu eksportu cechowały się takie kraje, jak: Polska, Czechy, Łotwa, Estonia i Słowacja. W badanym okresie zauważono silną koncentrację państw produkujących i eksportujących produkty mleczarskie oraz wzrost orientacji proeksportowej wśród największych eksporterów tych produktów na rynkach światowych. Pozycja konkurencyjna Polski na rynku po przystąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej stopniowo poprawia się.
Źródło:
Annals of The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists; 2020, 22, 4; 127-139
2657-781X
2657-7828
Pojawia się w:
Annals of The Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An Effect of Urban Development on the Accuracy of the GPS/EGNOS System
Autorzy:
Bober, R.
Szewczuk, T.
Wolski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116270.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
Global Positioning System GPS
EGNOS
Effect of Urban Development
Accuracy
Accuracy of Position
positioning system
Port of Szczecin
Opis:
This article presents the results of research into the accuracy of position determination by a GPS/EGNOS system in a densely built-up residential area. These results are compared with the relevant results obtained for a position in an open area.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2008, 2, 3; 235-238
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of flying objects position
Autorzy:
Dzunda, M.
Dzurovcin, P.
Melniková, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116434.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Electronic Chart Systems
flying objects (FO)
flying objects position
Matlab
non-flying objects
positioning
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
dilution of precision (DOP)
Opis:
This paper describes various methods of flying object positioning with the emphasis on their accuracy. Based on the accomplished analysis, we will select the most appropriate method to determine the position of a flying object for relative navigation purposes. The primary criterion for choosing a positioning method is the accuracy of distance measurement within users working in the aviation communications network. The results presented in the paper have been based on mathematical modelling and computer simulation performed in the Matlab programming environment. The results obtained can be used to navigate flying or non-flying objects that work in the air communications network.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2019, 13, 2; 423-428
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SBAS/EGNOS enabled devices in maritime
Autorzy:
López, M.
Anton, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/117186.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
accuracy
EGNOS-Enabled Navigation
AIS transponders
SGNSS
position
Navigation and Timing (PNT)
Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS)
EGNOS
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
Opis:
Nowadays, it is a fact that Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) have become the primary means of obtaining Position, Navigation and Timing (PNT) information at sea. Most of the ships in the world are equipped with GNSS receivers. And currently these users take advantage of different augmentation systems such as DGNSS or SBAS/EGNOS, as they provide an adequate answer, especially in terms of accuracy and integrity. To take advantage of this improved accuracy, direct access to EGNOS in vessels can be achieved through EGNOS-enabled navigation receivers and EGNOS-enabled AIS transponders. Therefore, the natural question is: Are those GNSS receivers SBAS (EGNOS) enabled? In most cases they are; SBAS is being used. This paper provides an analysis of the number of onboard devices, mainly devoted to navigation purposes and AIS transponders, which are SBAS compatible.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2018, 12, 1; 23-27
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geopolityczna transformacja świata po zimnej wojnie
Geopolitical transformation of the World after the Cold War
Autorzy:
Sułek, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540239.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geopolityczne
Tematy:
geopolityka
układ sił
globalny układ sił
potęga
pozycja
prognoza globalnego układu sił
geopolitics
power
international distribution of power
international position
global distribution of powers’ forecast
Opis:
Przedmiotem artykułu są zmiany w globalnym układzie sił w okresie po zimnej wojnie. Na początku zaprezentowano tło demograficzne w długim horyzoncie czasowym (lata 1800 – 2050). Następnie, stosując model formalny oraz – pomocniczo – oceny eksperckie, przedstawiono zmiany w geopolitycznej strukturze świata. Zdaniem autora, ich głębokość usprawiedliwia zastosowany termin „geopolityczna transformacja”. Artykuł zawiera też jednowariantową prognozę kształtowania się globalnego układu sił w perspektywie 2050 roku. Wyniki badań pokazały, że do największych wygranych procesu „geopolitycznej transformacji” należą kraje Azji Wschodniej (z wyjątkiem Japonii, która należy do najbardziej przegranych) oraz niektóre kraje Afryki. Najbardziej przegrani to kraje Europy Zachodniej.
The subject of the article are the changes in the global distribution of power after the Cold War. At the beginning, a demographic background was presented in the long-term horizon (1800 - 2050). Then, using the formal model and – as a supplementary factor – experts’ opinions, changes in the geopolitical structure of the world were presented. According to the author, their depth justifies the term "geopolitical transformation". The article also contains a one-variant forecast of the global balance of power in the perspective of 2050. The results of the research have shown that the largest winnings of the "geopolitical transformation" process are East Asian countries (with the exception of Japan, which is one of the most lost countries) and some African countries. The most losers are the countries of Western Europe.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geopolityczny; 2018, 25; 9-26
2080-8836
2392-067X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geopolityczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 17

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