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Tytuł:
β-Glucan-Mediated Alleviation of NaCl Stress in Ocimum basilicum L. in Relation to the Response of Antioxidant Enzymes and Assessment DNA Marker
Autorzy:
Alhasnawi, Arshad Naji
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124951.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
NaCl-stress
beta-glucan
antioxidants
molecular markers
DNA variations
genetic stability
Opis:
Salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses which can negatively affect the plant metabolic processes in the world. This can impact the plant production, either for economic or sustenance benefits. The salinity stress can cause many physiological and biochemical changes in the plants. β-glucans are important polysaccharides, which are present in the cell walls of various cereal grains. They protect the plant responses and occur in plant suspensions. In this study, the researchers attempted to investigate various physiological mechanisms and determine the role of the β-glucans in the NaCl-mediated stress conditions on the Ocimum basilicum L. seedlings. For this purpose, they carried out an experiment for assessing various shoot and root parameters along with the antioxidant enzyme activities, proline levels and the ISSR markers. When the seedlings were exposed to the NaCl stress conditions, they showed a significant decrease in the growth parameters and an increase in the antioxidant and proline levels compared to the control seedlings grown under normal saline conditions. On the other hand, the β-glucantreated seeds, when grown under the saline stress conditions, showed better growth parameters as well as high antioxidant enzyme activities and proline levels, compared to the control and NaCl-treated plants. Furthermore, a PCR analysis was carried out using the ISSR-marker technology, which could help in evaluating the DNA fingerprints and genetic variations in the plants. The results indicated that the exogenous application of the β-glucans could protect the antioxidant enzyme activities and protect the plants against the salinity stresses, without affecting the DNA-markers without affecting the genetic variations and could be a better choice for use in DNA-markers.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 8; 90-99
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność genetyczna jodły pospolitej (Abies alba Mill.) zachowanej na terenie Nadleśnictwa Katowice
Genetic variation of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) preserved in the Katowice Forest District
Autorzy:
Masternak, K.
Niebrzydowska, B.
Głębocka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1311865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Nadlesnictwo Katowice
drzewa lesne
jodla pospolita
Abies alba
zmiennosc genetyczna
markery ISSR
genetic diversity
ISSR markers
growth traits
industrial pollution
Opis:
Environmental pollution greatly decreases a tree’s health and results in dieback of forest stands. Due to increasing industrial activity in the 20th century, silver fir became almost totally extinct in the Katowice Forest District. Only 19 individuals have survived to this day. The aim of the present study was to analyze growth characteristics and polymorphisms of 25 inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) of the preserved trees. The mean height of the inventoried silver firs was 19 m with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of 29 cm. Flowers were observed on few trees only. However, all trees were of high vitality without signs of fungal pathogen infections or insect outbreaks. Parameters of genetic variability, including mean effective number of alleles per locus and expected heterozygosity, were higher than described in the literature so far and they amounted to 1,659, 0,396 respectively.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2015, 76, 4; 315-321
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność genetyczna cisa w wybranych rezerwatach Polski
Genetic variability of yew in the selected Polish nature reserves
Autorzy:
Nawrocka-Grześkowiak, U.
Skuza, L.
Szucko, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989813.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
cis pospolity
Taxus baccata
zmiennosc genetyczna
rezerwaty przyrody
populacje roslin
zroznicowanie genetyczne
markery genetyczne
markery RAPD
genetic diversity
molecular markers
taxus baccata
nature reserv
Opis:
Genetic variability of yew (Taxus baccata L.) trees in seven nature reserves (Jasień, Czarne Człuchowskie, Choczewo, Wierzchlas, Wirty, Rokita and Mogilno/Stary Sącz) in Poland was investigated by RAPD methods. The results showed high genetic differences between populations ranging from 22.7% among the population of Stary Sącz and hedge (+) to 86.1% between Wierzchlas and Rokita (+). Based on the results of RAPD analyses, the studied populations were divided into three groups of similarity. The first include Jasień and Choczewo the populations, the second Rokita (+), hedge (–) and Stary Sącz, and the third remaining populations. High level of genetic diversity was showed among the studied populations, is essential to the adaptability of the population of yew. This theoretically increases the chances of survival species thanks to the possibility of passing to preferred combinations of genes to the future generations.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2015, 159, 06; 491-497
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiany w strukturze genetycznej naturalnego odnowienia dębu (Quercus petraea [Matt.] Liebl.) w odniesieniu do drzew matecznych
Changes in genetic structure of sessile oak (Quercus petraea [Matt.] Liebl.) natural regeneration in relation to maternal trees
Autorzy:
Nowakowska, J.A.
Michalska, A.
Zachara, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
badania genetyczne
dab bezszypulkowy
Quercus petraea
odnowienia naturalne
struktura genetyczna
markery DNA
drzewa potomne
drzewa mlode
zroznicowanie genetyczne
drzewa mateczne
zmiennosc genetyczna
ssr markers
genetic differentiation
natural regeneration
Opis:
The genetic variability of sessile oak (Quercus petraea L.) mature stand and its natural progeny was investigated. Comparison between genetic structure of parental and progeny trees was based on frequencies of nuclear microsatellite (SSR) alleles occurring in three DNA loci. A slight (4%) increase of gene pool between oak mature and progeny trees was revealed by heterozygosity level estimation, maintaining 86.3% of genetic similarity between generations. Also allele richness, partition probability of basic clustering and inbreed coefficient proved the high genetic similarity between parental and progeny of investigated oak trees. The gene flow occurred within the stands as far as rare alleles were transmitted or new ones appeared in the progenies. The results highlight the necessity of such a study for silvicultural measures taken in order to proceed natural or artificial regeneration in forest tree stand.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 02; 83-89
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie metod RAPD i ISSR do oceny podobieństwa genetycznego greckich form Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy
Application of RAPD and ISSR methods to genetic similarity estimation of Greek Dasypyrum villosum (L.) P. Candargy populations
Autorzy:
Grądzielewska, Agnieszka
Paczos-Grzęda, Edyta
Gruszecka, Daniela
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/42809908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Dasypyrum
ISSR
RAPD
markery molekularne
podobieństwo genetyczne
genetic similarity
molecular markers
Opis:
W pracy przeprowadzono ocenę podobieństwa genetycznego 9 greckich form Dasypyrum villosum L. (P.) Candargy pochodzących z trzech regionów Grecji (Tesalii oraz Zachodniej i Środkowej Macedonii) na podstawie polimorfizmu markerów RAPD i ISSR. Analizę podobieństwa genetycznego przeprowadzono z wykorzystaniem 18 wyselekcjonowanych starterów RAPD i 17 starterów ISSR. Ogółem otrzymano 122 fragmenty RAPD i 210 ISSR, z czego 50% było polimorficznych. Technika RAPD pozwoliła na identyfikację produktów specyficznych jedynie u pięciu z dziewięciu badanych form, podczas gdy przy udziale metody ISSR otrzymano takie fragmenty dla siedmiu populacji, najwięcej dla W6 7264. Dla obu zastosowanych w badaniach metod obliczono współczynnik informacji o polimorfizmie (PIC), którego wartość zawierała się w przedziale 0,13–0,68 dla RAPD i 0,15–0,52 dla ISSR, średnio odpowiednio 0,32 i 0,33. Na podstawie polimorfizmu markerów RAPD i ISSR oraz obu technik łącznie obliczono wartości indeksów podobieństwa genetycznego Dice’a, pomiędzy parami badanych populacji. Średnie podobieństwo badanych obiektów wyniosło odpowiednio 0,854, 0,871 i 0,864. Najbardziej odmienną od pozostałych była forma W6 7264. W oparciu o matryce podobieństw Dice’a skonstruowano dendrogramy obrazujące stosunki pokrewieństwa pomiędzy badanymi populacjami.
Estimation of genetic similarity between nine Greek Dasypyrum villosum L. (P.) Candargy populations native to three Greece regions (Thesally, West and Central Macedonia) was performed basing on polymorphism of RAPD and ISSR markers. Eighteen RAPD and seventeen ISSR selected primers were used in the genetic similarity analyses. In total, 122 RAPD and 210 ISSR products were obtained, out of which 50% were polymorphic. The RAPD method identified specific products only in five from nine populations studied, while ISSR in seven, most for W6 7264. Polymorphic information content (PIC) values calculated for the both methods, ranged from 0.13–0.68 for RAPD and 0.15–0.52 for ISSR. Mean values of PIC for RAPD and ISSR were 0.32 and 0.33, respectively. Based on the polymorphism of RAPD and ISSR markers and both methods combined, genetic similarities using Dice algorithm were estimated between pairs of populations analyzed. Mean genetic similarities were 0.854, 0.871 and 0.864, respectively. Most different from the others was W6 7264. Based on Dice matrix similarities, dendrograms showing relatedness between the analyzed populations were constructed.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin; 2009, 253; 297-307
0373-7837
2657-8913
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyniki wstępnych badań nad zmiennością genetyczną oraz zróżnicowaniem genetycznym między populacjami wiązu górskiego (Ulmus glabra Huds.) w Polsce
Results of preliminary research on genetic variation and genetic differentiation between Wych elm populations (Ulmus glabra Huds.) in Poland
Autorzy:
Chudzińska, M.
Pałucka, M.
Pasławska, A.
Litkowiec, M.
Lewandowski, A.
Kozioł, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
wiaz gorski
Ulmus glabra
zmiennosc genetyczna
markery mikrosatelitarne
populacje roslin
zroznicowanie genetyczne
Polska
zasoby genetyczne
wych elm
genetic variation
microsatellite markers
genetic resources
ex situ conservation
Opis:
Wych elm (Ulmus glabra Huds.) is a rare scattered forest tree species in Poland. First studies on genetic diversity of the species in its natural range in Poland give a good basis for the management and conservation of its genetic resources. In the present study, we determined the level of genetic variation and genetic differentiation of seventeen natural Wych elm populations in Poland using nine nuclear microsatellite loci. The number of analyzed individuals was 601. The level of genetic diversity of Polish populations of Wych elm corresponded with the results of the previous studies on this species in Europe. The populations show quite low level of genetic diversity of the species on the population level and quite high diversity on the interpopulation level. A total of 119 alleles was found, with average number per locus (A) equal 6.0 and allelic richness at medium high level (AR10=4.7). Observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity reached 0.583 and 0.602 respectively. The genetic differentiation between Polish populations of Wych elm occurred at a low level (Fst=0.089). Inbreeding depression may occur in the next generations (Fis=0.031). Genetic diversity between Wych elm populations in Poland may be the result of unfavorable random processes related to the reduction of population size resulting from elm disease. To better understand the processes related to the genetic diversity of Wych elm populations, research on field elm variation should be undertaken. Such studies may give an answer to the potential influence of introgression between these species on the genetic structure of the Wych elm. Both in situ as well as ex situ conservation measures are highly recommended to preserve genetic resources of this valuable noble hardwood species in Polish landscape.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 09; 727-736
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ działalności antropogenicznej na obecną strukturę genetyczną populacji drzew leśnych
Antropogenic influence on the present genetic structure of forest tree populations
Autorzy:
Nowakowska, Justyna Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470370.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
drzewa leśne
markery DNA
inżynieria genetyczna
gospodarka leśna
forest trees
DNA markers
genetic engineering
forest management
Opis:
Human activity has always had an impact on the species composition and genetic structure of species that make up the forest ecosystem. The results of DNA-based studies confirm the influence of current and past forest management on the current level of genetic variability of forest tree populations. Molecular analysis enables the study of gene flow between generations and reflects the history of post-glacial migration of species from southern refugia of Europe to Poland. Thanks to DNA markers, it is possible to precisely distinguish species hybrids, e.g. between Japanese and European larches. In timber trade market, the comparison of the DNA profiles of a stolen tree with a stump left in the forest provides strong evidence in judiciary pursuits concerning the illegal logging. Genetic transformation of the tree genome allows to obtain wood with altered lignin structure, higher increment and increased assimilation of CO2 in the leaves. Genetic modifications are also aimed at enhanced immunity of cultured tree species to fungal pathogens or insect pests and to plant protection products on fast-growing GMO trees.
Działalność człowieka od zawsze miała wpływ na skład gatunkowy i strukturę genetyczną gatunków tworzących ekosystem leśny. Wyniki badań DNA potwierdzają wpływ obecnej i przeszłej gospodarki leśnej na obecny poziom zmienności genetycznej populacji drzew leśnych. Analiza molekularna pozwala określić pokrewieństwo genetyczne gatunków drzew leśnych, umożliwia badanie przepływu genów między pokoleniami, oraz odzwierciedla historię polodowcowej migracji gatunków z refugiów południowej Europy do Polski. Dzięki markerom DNA można precyzyjnie odróżnić mieszańce gatunkowe np. modrzewia japońskiego i europejskiego. Porównanie profili DNA kradzionego drzewa z pniakiem pozostawionym w lesie, dostarcza mocnych dowodów w sprawach dotyczących nielegalnego handlu drewnem. Genetyczna transformacja genomu drzew pozwala uzyskać drewno o zmienionej strukturze lignin, oraz zwiększoną asymilację CO2 w liściach. Modyfikacje genetyczne zmierzają też w kierunku wzmocnionej odporności hodowanych gatunków drzew na patogeny grzybowe lub szkodniki owadzie oraz na środki ochrony roślin na plantacjach drzew szybkorosnących GMO.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2018, 16, 3; 63-71
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Weryfikacja pochodzenia drzewiastych form kosodrzewiny na terenie Tatrzańskiego Parku Narodowego na podstawie polimorfizmu miejsc insercji transpozonów
Origin assessment of woody mountain pine forms in the Tatra National Park based on transposon insertional polymorphism
Autorzy:
Polok, K.
Zwijacz-Kozica, T.
Zieliński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989538.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Tatrzanski Park Narodowy
sosna gorska
Pinus mugo
sosna drzewokosa
Pinus x rhaetica
pochodzenie roslin
identyfikacja
metody badan
insercja transpozonow
pinus×rhaetica
dna markers
ssap
genetic similarity
Opis:
Closely related Pinus species, mountain pine (Pinus mugo Turra) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), belong to native woody species in the Tatra National Park (TPN, southern Poland). Their occurrence in close proximity can lead to the formation of natural hybrids known as Pinus × rhaetica, which is a woody, often polycormic form. Pinus×rhaetica is described in the TPN, but there has been a great deal of disagreement over its origin. The goal of the studies was to verify the taxonomic status of individuals identified as Pinus×rhaetica that grew in the eight stands together with P. mugo and P. sylvestris by SSAP (Sequence Specific Amplification Polymorphism) analysis of transposon insertional polymorphism. In total, 34 Pinus×rhaetica, 25 P. mugo and 27 P. sylvestris individuals were tested in addition to 20 individuals of P. uliginosa from ‘Torfowisko pod Węglińcem' and ‘Wielkie Torfowisko Batorowskie' as well as 25 individuals of P. uncinata from the Austrian Alps as the control groups. Four transposon sequences were employed: a DNA transposon from the CACTA family, Tpo and retrotransposons – two gypsy (Ogre, IFG7) and one copia like (Bare). All species belonging to the Pinus mugo complex are highly variable with 49−81% polymorphic loci and genetic diversity, HTequals 0.228−0.307 with the highest values in Pinus×rhaetica. Surprisingly, P. sylvestris proves to be the least variable species, likely because of a narrow gene pool in small, scattered stands in the Tatras. Very low Nei's genetic similarities between P. sylvestris and Pinus mugo complex, especially in comparison with P. uliginosa (I=0.548) and P. mugo (I=0.558) exclude unequivocally the possibility of spontaneous hybridization among these taxa. Thus, it undermines the hypothesis about hybrid origin of Pinus×rhaetica in the Tatras. It proves to be a morphological form of P. mugo as assessed from the Nei's coefficient, I=0.985 which is well within a range of conspecific populations. Finally, none of the studied individuals of Pinus×rhaetica are derived from seeds of Alpine P. uncinata.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 573-581
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Viability and genetic diversity of Populus nigra population from riparian forest in SNR Gornje Podunavlje
Autorzy:
Čortan, Dijana
Tubić, Bojan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/956812.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
black poplar
viability assessment
genetic diversity
ssr markers
snr upper danube
Opis:
Populus nigra L. is one of the rarest and most endangered tree species in Western and Central Europe. Its genetic diversity is of great importance in enabling a native riparian population to survive and reproduce under changing environmental conditions. The aim of this research was assessment of P. nigra viability in one of the best preserved riparian ecosystems in Europe, Special Nature Reserve “Gornje Podunavlje” (Upper Danube), Serbia. Additionally, the analysis of the genetic diversity was made to support the effective conservation in the future. During our study, we have mapped 931 P. nigra trees, which were used for the assessment of present native population. Furthermore, we used 14 microsatellite markers to assess the genetic structure of this this population. Viability assessment showed considerable occurrence of P. nigra in the research area, even though the results show fragmentation. P. nigra occurs mostly individually or in small groups of trees, and has a non-sustainable age structure due to insufficient or lacking regeneration. Despite the limited size of the studied population, the apparent overall genetic diversity was high (He = 0.759) and comparable to other known native populations of P. nigra along the Danube basin. However, the results also confirmed existence of recent bottleneck effect. Significantly positive and quite high Fis value (0.147) was noted, which may be ascribed to the “Wahlund effect” because of the population substructure that was revealed by the STRUCTURE analysis (K=2). Although results say that coverage of native stands is not so promising, most of selected trees within our research assessed showed good viability with potential for natural reproduction However, the problem is that suitable areas for natural seedling establishment are scarce and with that gene flow is probably limited. The fragmentation of the area must be reduced and isolated stands must be interlinked as there is need to create larger non-fragmented areas.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2017, 78; 157-167
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using SSR markers for assessment genetic diversity and detection drought escape candidate genes in barley lines (Hordeum vulgare L.)
Autorzy:
Gougerdchi, Vahideh
Dezhsetan, Sara
Ebrahimi, Mohammad Ali
Sadeghzadeh, Behzad
Savari, Sona
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-18
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
Association analysis
barley
genetic diversity
Microsatellite markers (SSR)
drought escape
Opis:
Assessment of genetic diversity using molecular markers is one of the primary and important steps in breeding programs. In this study, genetic diversity of 52 barley lines evaluated using 68 SSR primer pairs and 47 primer pairs produced clear and polymorphic banding pattern. In general, 153 polymorphic alleles de-tected. The number of observed polymorphic alleles varied from 2 to 9, with an average of 3.26 alleles per locus. Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) ranged from 0.07 to 0.81, with an average of 0.45. In this research, SSR markers differentiated the studied lines efficiently. Using cluster analysis, studied barley lines divided into two groups. Genetic diversity was relatively corresponding with geographical origins, because the lines related to a country somewhat diverged from each other. Two-rowed Iranian and Chinese barleys classified in one subgroup. Also, most six-rowed barleys classified in one subgroup. Association mapping analysis was used to identify candidate genes for drought escape in barley lines and 16 informative markers were identified after which confirmation in other tests could be suitable for marker assisted breeding drought escape.
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2014, 70; 3-14
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Use of AFLP Molecular Markers for Estimating Genetic Similarity of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L. Sl.)
Autorzy:
Dobrzycka, Agnieszka
Broda, Zbigniew
Bocianowski, Jan
Ćwiklinska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199044.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-20
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
AFLP markers
alfalfa
genetic similarity
diversity
Opis:
The aim of study was to determine genetic similarity among sixteen alfalfa populations using the AFLP technique. Plant material was selected considering the high genotypic variability. It included populations of different origin: native forms of alfalfa (secondary ecotypes), inbred lines, single hybrids, synthetic populations, varieties and mutants...
Źródło:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2009, 60; 61-71
1429-3862
2083-599X
Pojawia się w:
Plant Breeding and Seed Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura klonalna wiązu polnego (Ulmus minor Mill.) w Polsce
Clonal structure of field elm (Ulmus minor Mill.) in Poland
Autorzy:
Chudzińska, M.
Litkowiec, M.
Pałucka, M.
Pasławska, A.
Lewandowski, A.
Kozioł, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979539.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
dendrologia
drzewa lesne
wiaz polny
Ulmus minor
zmiennosc genetyczna
markery genetyczne
markery mikrosatelitarne
clonality
field elm
genetic conservation
genetic variation
microsatellite markers
Opis:
Field elm (Ulmus minor Mill.) is distributed mainly across central and southern Europe. In Poland this species occurs in the lowlands and foothills, where it grows mainly in the floodplain forests along the rivers. U. minor exists in a variety of climatic and ecological conditions. It is capable to tolerate floods as well as drought. Currently, most populations of U. minor are small and fragmented resulting from human activity and Dutch elm disease. Moreover, in the natural field elm populations, vegetative propagation by root suckers or sprouting can be observed. All these factors may affect the level of genetic variation of U. minor populations in Poland. In the present study, we determined the level of genetic variation and the clonal diversity of twelve natural U. minor populations in Poland (407 individuals) using eight nuclear microsatellite loci. The obtained results indicate that the studied field elm populations are characterized by low level of genetic variation (He=0.382; Ho=0.555; A=7.0). Additionally, the high level of clonality in field elm populations was estimated. The clonality level of examined elm populations varied among them, and in some cases was very high. Out of the 407 individuals analysed for clonal structure only 61 multilocus genotypes were identified. Furthermore, only one genotype was identified in the three study populations of field elm, which means that in each of these populations all trees belong to one genet. The values of genotypic richness (R) were heterogeneous among populations, with mean 0.148. The knowledge on the genetic diversity and the clonal structure of U. minor populations is essential to make future decisions regarding conservation of genetic resources of this species in Poland.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 10; 839-845
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan zdrowotny a zróżnicowanie genetyczne wybranych drzewostanów świerkowych na terenie RDLP w Krośnie
Genetic variability and health of Norway spruce stands in the Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Krosno
Autorzy:
Gutkowska, J.
Borys, M.
Tereba, A.
Tkaczyk, M.
Oszako, T.
Nowakowska, J.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1293265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
lesnictwo
RDLP Krosno
drzewostany swierkowe
stan zdrowotny lasu
drzewa lesne
swierk pospolity
Picea abies
zroznicowanie genetyczne
markery molekularne
markery mikrosatelitarne
DNA mitochondrialny
Norway spruce
health state
SSR markers
mtDNA
genetic diversity
Opis:
The study was conducted in 2015 in six spruce stands situated in different forest districts administratively belonging to the Regional Directorate of Forests State in Krosno. Each spruce population was represented by 30 trees and assessed in terms of their current health status. Genetic analyses were performed based on shoot samples from each tree using nine nuclear DNA markers and one mitochondrial DNA marker (nad1). The health status of the trees was described according to the classification developed by Szczepkowski and Tarasiuk (2005) and the correlation between health classes and the level of genetic variability was computed with STATISTICA (α = 0.05). Nuclear DNA analyses revealed a low level of genetic variability among spruce populations (only 3% of the total genetic variation (FST = 0.028) and a high variability within populations (97%). The total heterozygosity in all stands (HT) was calculated as 0.646. Based on UPGMA analysis, the most genetically similar populations are spruce stands in the Bieszczady National Park and the Ustrzyki Dolne Forest District, which have the smallest genetic divergence of all populations (DN = 0.0165). Our analysis of the mitochondrial gene nad1 revealed the presence of six different haplotypes “a”, “a1”, “b”, “c”, “d” and “d1”. Comprising 56% of all haplotypes, “a” was the most common showing a predominant impact on spruce migration from the Carpathian area. The analysis based on mitochondrial markers (by Nei) revealed a heterozygosity of 0.525. Based on the observations of disease symptoms, 29% of the trees belong to health class 1,30% to class 2,28% to class 3 and class 4 contains 13% of trees. The comparison between health status and the level of genetic variation in the analyzed stands showed a positive correlation. Spruce stands with better health were also characterized by a greater degree of genetic variability. Since most of the investigated spruce populations shared the mitochondrial haplotype “a”, we have ascertained their Hercynian- Carpathian origin. Only one stand (Cisna) had a high frequency (43.3%) of the Nordic haplotype “c” suggesting that this provenance is derived from the Baltic post-glacial refugium of P. abies in Europe.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2017, 78, 1
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Selekcja genomowa w hodowli drzew leśnych - podstawowe założenia, problemy i perspektywy
Genomic selection in forest tree breeding - basic principles, problems and future prospects
Autorzy:
Żukowska, W.B.
Wójkiewicz, B.
Lewandowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978931.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
breeding value
genetic gain
genetic markers
marker−assisted selection
quantitative trait locus
single
nucleotide polymorphism
Opis:
All tree breeders cope with the same challenge of the very long time interval of a single breeding cycle. What is more, trees are long−lived, with desirable breeding traits expressing late during their life cycle. Increasing problems with climate change, globalization or economic growth have forced us to accelerate tree breeding and improve selection precision, both of which can be achieved by genomic selection (GS). The idea of GS was introduced nearly 20 years ago as an extension of marker−assisted selection (MAS) in order to advance breeding technologies using genetic markers. Unlike MAS, which exploits only a set of marker−trait associations, GS relies on a high number of genetic markers that are spread throughout the entire length of the genome. All markers effects are assessed simultaneously in order to build a precise model that allows prediction of genetic estimated breeding value of a particular individual using genetic data only. GS has already revolutionized dairy cattle breeding resulting in remarkable improvements across multiple traits and is becoming more and more common in crop production. We now know that genetic architecture of quantitative traits is complex, but recent advances in genomics have made it possible to deal with this problem in an unprecedented way. There are certain concerns regarding GS in forest tree species that include genotype−environment (G×E) interaction and the usefulness of the predictive model built up by GS in the next generation of trees. Nevertheless, experimental results obtained so far have shown that the genetic gain per unit time as well as selection precision can be substantially increased. Here we present the basic principles of GS for forest tree species, giving examples of studies carried out so far and discussing problems and future possibilities that GS may soon open up for forest tree breeders.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 05; 384-391
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przepukliny świń - problem weterynaryjno-hodowlany
Hernias in pigs - veterinary and breeding problem
Autorzy:
Woźniak, Jakub
Loba, Weronika
Iskrzak, Paweł
Kujawa, Konstancja
Wojtczak, Janusz
Nowacka-Woszuk, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22180965.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Krajowa Izba Lekarsko-Weterynaryjna
Tematy:
trzoda chlewna
wady wrodzone
przepukliny
przepuklina pachwinowa
markery genetyczne
przepuklina pępkowa
ekspresja genów
odziedziczalność
umbilical hernia
inquinal hernia
genetic markers
heritability
pig
gene expression
Opis:
The occurrence of hernias in pigs is a serious breeding and veterinary problem. Hernia is a condition in which internal organs (most often intestines), protrude through an opening in the layers of muscle and connective tissue of the abdominal wall. There are two major types of hernia - umbilical and inguinal. This pathology is a serious problem in pig production, leading to economic loss through the cost of surgical intervention, increased mortality rate, and reduced carcass value. The overall incidence of hernias in a normal swine population is low but may increase due to matings to a boar that transmits inguinal hernias. The heritability of this trait oscillates around 0.3. Current knowledge of hernias in pigs is scarce, and mostly based on genome-wide association studies. In this review, we indicate the recent studies concerning the genetic markers association analysis in terms of heritability of hernias in pigs. Moreover, the new approach focused on differently expressed genes in swine hernias etiology is here discussed.
Źródło:
Życie Weterynaryjne; 2021, 96, 06; 408-411
0137-6810
Pojawia się w:
Życie Weterynaryjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 34

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