Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:

Turkish Government Policy towards Independent Media after the Failed July 2016 Coup d’État

Autorzy:

Samborowska, Monika
Dawidczyk, Andrzej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055892.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-12-21

Wydawca:

Collegium Civitas

Tematy:

freedom of speech
free media
authoritarianism

Opis:

The article presents the state of the Turkish media, as well as the actions taken by them before and after the failed attempt of the coup d’état in 2016. Pointing to the issue of freedom of speech in Turkey, the article highlights the numerous violations of the right to freedom of expression, which have repeatedly become part of the actions of central government authorities.

Źródło:

Securitologia; 2018, 1 (27); 48-66
1898-4509

Pojawia się w:

Securitologia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:

Zniesławienie na Facebooku

Autorzy:

Wełyczko, Sylwia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216235.pdf

Data publikacji:

2015-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

defamation
freedom of speech
dignity
privacy

Opis:

The article examines the mechanisms of defamation in the internet space, social media and Facebook in particular. Human dignity is protected both as a constitutional value and as an individual right, though in everyday practice law-enforcement bodies usually tend to be unwilling to react to violations of human dignity, while appropriate legal provisions are often not in place to be implemented. Actions taken by the police in investigating appropriate cases do not always manage to identify perpetrators or bring them to justice. Most internet or cyber crime occurs across international borders and can be committed anonymously. There are certain types of defamatory statements that are considered to harm the reputation of the victim. Libel in the internet involves cyberbullying, online harassment, cyber-stalking, and, most of all, internet trolls. Trolling is any deliberate and intentional attempt to disrupt the credibility of others, often involving petty arguments. People tend to lose control of their emotions when they go online. An explosion of raw and unbridled emotions follows, standards wane, and eventually some internet users lose their touch with reality. Cyber violence and online harassment are punishable crimes and are subject to criminal prosecution: defamation, libel and online threats. Stalking and vulgar language in public places are offences subject to public prosecution and the provisions of the Petty Offences Procedure Code. . Generally, a defamatory statement published to third parties has to be proved and it has to be proved that the publisher knew or should have known that the statement that they made which harmed the reputation was false. The good name or reputation of another can be damaged, or even totally destroyed, in a number of ways. To calumniate another is certainly to ruin a person’s or a company their good name and so to do them an injustice. The number of criminal offences under Article 212 has increased four times over the past ten years.

Źródło:

Themis Polska Nova; 2015, 2(9); 192-215
2084-4522

Pojawia się w:

Themis Polska Nova

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:

Freedom of Speech in Modern Political Culture

Autorzy:

Miklaszewska, Justyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200445.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019

Wydawca:

Projekt Avant

Tematy:

freedom of speech
propaganda
hate speech
democracy
liberalism

Opis:

In the philosophy of liberalism, freedom of speech is one of the fundamental rights of the individual, one that is guaranteed by the constitution of a liberal democratic state. Contemporary Western democracies are based on the political culture in which human rights, including the right to free speech, play an important role. This right, however, can be violated by demagogic propaganda both in totalitarian regimes and in democracies. The propaganda mechanism, reaching into the sphere of community values and concepts, presently operates also through the Internet, in which expressions of anger and hatred are disseminated and can lead to the destruction of democracy. I will argue that, in today’s world, restrictions on the freedom of speech through legal norms are necessary, because the threat comes not only in the form of censorship, but also the manipulation techniques used by politicians in democratic regimes. Advances in modern technology can be of service to dictatorship when the media and the Internet are used for propaganda or surveillance purposes, but they also provide a support to freedom and democracy when they serve as the means of the transmission of reliable information, initiating public discussions. As such, they establish a framework for rational debates and peaceful activities that contribute to the maintenance of the democratic political culture. The basic elements of this culture, i.e. legal rules, pluralist media, and education systems are all necessary for the defence of its core value, namely the freedom of speech.

Źródło:

Avant; 2019, 10, 1; 77-88
2082-6710

Pojawia się w:

Avant

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:

Zasada nullum crimen sine lege w kontekście przestępstw stypizowanych w art. 256 § 1 k.k.
The principle of nullum crimen sine lege in the context of crimes typified in Art. 256 §1 of the Penal Code

Autorzy:

Scheffler, Tomasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697498.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Opolski

Tematy:

nullum crimen sine lege
hate speech
freedom of speech
limits of freedom of speech
fascism
totalitarianism
penal code
discrimination

Opis:

The paper presents interpretations of the content of the legal principle of nullum crimen sine lege and the influence of this principle on legal characterisation of crime of public propagation of a fascist or other totalitarian governance system and crime of public agitation to hatred based on national, ethnic, racial or religious differences or for reason of a lack of any religiousdenomination. In the author’s opinion, the most difficult problem in the case of crimes typified in Art. 256 § 1 of Polish Penal Code lies in that many layers consider the legal principle of nullum crimen as a commonplace. In the paper, there are several cases presented of adjudications of the Polish Supreme Court relating to what considerations of the legal principle of nullum crimen may cause so that we can obtain clear views on the problem.

Źródło:

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2018, 16, 4 (2); 119-140
2658-1922

Pojawia się w:

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 5.

Tytuł:

Agenda-setting versus Freedom of Speech

Autorzy:

Wojtkowski, Łukasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026780.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

freedom of speech
mass media
agenda-setting

Opis:

The most important issue of this paper is contained mostly, though vaguely, in the title. What is agenda-setting and how it is related with freedom of speech domain? In further part I will try to present those, theoretically distant problems. I will also try to present how political and business organizations can affect on daily agenda, so in fact how thy can create access to free speech. There are some situations in mass media world, when those practices can be considered as internal or external censorship. In this paper I specific cases, all selected from American political and media systems. I think that US system is full of contradictions, from law confl icts (state vs federal law, First Amendment), owners of mass media competition (corporations, FCC) and finally state controlled media on the contrary to free speech (censorship).

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2010, 39; 241-252
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 6.

Tytuł:

Wolność słowa contra zakaz prowadzenia sporów światopoglądowych
Freedom of speech

Autorzy:

Jadacki, Jacek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1621935.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego

Tematy:

freedom of speech
Arkadiusz Chrudzimski
wolność słowa

Opis:

brak

Źródło:

Analiza i Egzystencja; 2017, 40; 111-125
1734-9923
2300-7621

Pojawia się w:

Analiza i Egzystencja

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 7.

Tytuł:

What American people can tell – freedom of speech in United States

Autorzy:

Dziduszko-Rościszewska, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026778.pdf

Data publikacji:

2010-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

freedom of speech
politics
United States
democracy

Opis:

Freedom of possessing and expressing own ideas and opinions and their dissemination is one of the fundamental rights, that entitled to each person. In addition to this, the freedom enables searching and getting information. Thanks to it, the right to express your own identity, selfrealization and aspiring to truth are guaranteed. It is one of the basic premise and the necessary condition to realize the idea of democracy. In the United States, the cradle of civil rights and modern democracy, the freedom of expression is guaranteed in the First Amendment to American Constitution (Bill of Rights), enacted in 1789 (came into force in 1791). On its virtue, “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of (…) the freedom of speech, or of the press (…).” Although the record suggested that this freedom is absolute, (not restricted of any legislation), the later jurisdiction of the US Supreme Court (by case law) isolated categories of utterances that have not been contained by the First Amendment. ! e essential issues are answers on the following questions: in the name of what values Congress can limit the First Amendment? And where is the border of freedom of speech? One of the expressions that are not protected by the law is fi ghting words and hate words. The second are libel and slanders that are understood as a infringement of somebody’s rights.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2010, 39; 253-272
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 8.

Tytuł:

Gdy słowa stają się bronią: media w Rwandzie w latach 1990–2016
When words become weapons: media of Rwanda 1990–2016

Autorzy:

Pomiankowska-Wronka, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/649872.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

Tematy:

media
genocide
freedom of speech
weapon of words

Opis:

A free media is crucial for a functioning democracy, but if not truly free, paves the way for manipulation of views, thus cannot to bring democratic changes. Rwandan media played important role before and during the extermination and after this tragedy. Political elites used the Rwandan media like a weapon of words – they demonized Tutsi ethnic population group and aligned with the government spreads hate. Also after the slaughter opposite media were being brutally suppressed, journalists were killed and because of that some of newspapers stopped publication. This article presents the role of the Rwandan media over the period 1990–2016.
-

Źródło:

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica; 2017, 41, 3
1505-9057
2353-1908

Pojawia się w:

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 9.

Tytuł:

Preferencje polityczne a wolność słowa
Political preferences and freedom of speech

Autorzy:

Wichura, Jarosław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514586.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych

Tematy:

freedom of speech
freedom of expression
the media in Poland

Opis:

In Poland, the way to make the constitutional basis of freedom of speech and freedom of the media opened up with breakthrough systemic taking place in 1989. Today it is sanctioned under the Constitution of 1997 (article 14 expresses the freedom of media and article 54 regulates freedom of expression) and a matter of law on the National Council of Radio and Television. The need for free media market, free flow of information and opinions and the need to protect it with a functioning system of judicial instruments – domestic and international – is now the standard functioning of democratic states. If what is more free speech – mainly implemented by means of mass communication is a real value and perform proper function in society – the mass media must be able to operate without restrictions or influence by external actors. Only then they will be able to inform the public about the socio-political events in the most objective way. Everyone has the right to express their thoughts, whether in private life, whether in public life. In addition, each sentence of the people must be respected, even if someone disagrees with him. This rule is reflected not only in Polish law (both in terms of the Constitution and ordinary laws) but also in the program documents, demands and actions of all major Polish political scene at the party. On the basis of the current legal regulations, political parties have the ability to access public radio and television, which have an impact on the implementation of the constitutional right of freedom of expression in practice. For this example, an object of study focused on two levels of analysis, in relation to the p arliamentary elections of 2011 and in the context of political ideology. The analysis of empirical data on two key issues: the use of freedom of speech by the media in Poland and protection of the constitutional right of free speech by the Polish political parties.

Źródło:

Political Preferences; 2012, 3; 77-89
2449-9064

Pojawia się w:

Political Preferences

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 10.

Tytuł:

Politically correct hate speech

Autorzy:

Demenko, Anna
Urbańczyk, Michał

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037296.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-09-30

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

hate speech
political correctness
criminal law
freedom of speech
rules of precaution

Opis:

In the paper we discuss the reasons behind a specific permissiveness of the Polish judicial authorities with regard to hate speech. Hate speech is criminalized by various provisions of the Polish Criminal Code. But as conducted surveys and statistics show, these regulations do not seem to be used adequately. The acceptance of hate speech does not necessarily result from the fact that we are a less tolerant society, but also to a large extent, from the fact that the scope of what is allowed to be said, especially publicly, is in Poland very broad. Paradoxically, it seems that in this ‘new democracy’ there is more freedom of speech than in Western countries, where political correctness plays a very important role in public and social life. The lack of responsibility that goes with freedom of speech and of boundaries on what might be expressed in public, the scurrilous language used also by high-ranking officials, influence the rules of socially acceptable behaviour. These rules also influence the scope of what is considered criminal behaviour. When tackling the problem of the acceptance of hate speech, it is also very important to remember that legal acts, especially criminal law, might not necessarily be the best way to change the attitudes in a society. Restrictions on freedom of speech might not only have a freezing effect but also be counterproductive – that which it is prohibited to say tends to be said more. The problem is to strike the right balance between those two possible outcomes.

Źródło:

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny; 2020, 82, 3; 169-177
0035-9629
2543-9170

Pojawia się w:

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 11.

Tytuł:

The Accusation of Disinformation as a Pretext to Limit the Freedom of Speech at the Time of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Zarzut dezinformacji jako pretekst do ograniczenia wolności słowa w okresie pandemii Covid-19

Autorzy:

Składanek, Bartłomiej

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2189654.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-02-28

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

disinformation
freedom of speech
pandemic
dezinformacja
wolność słowa
pandemia

Opis:

The COVID-19 pandemic made the authorities of many countries take extraordinary steps to prevent the new disease from spreading. They were not limited to improving the operation of healthcare but also extended to a range of areas of social and political life. That resulted in restrictions to fundamental human and civil rights and freedoms. A number of doubts voiced in the public debate in this connection encourage a scientific consideration of the legal aspects of restricting the rights and freedoms in connection with the pandemic. This paper is aimed at presenting disinformation as a hazard to the right to the freedom of speech, constitutionally protected in democratic states.
Pandemia COVID-19, która pojawiła się w pierwszej połowie 2020 r., skłoniła władze wielu państw do nadzwyczajnych działań mających zapobiec rozprzestrzenianiu się nowej choroby. Nie ograniczały się one jedynie do usprawnienia funkcjonowania służby zdrowia, ale objęły swoim zakresem także wiele dziedzin życia społecznego i politycznego. Dochodziło w związku z tym do podejmowania działań skutkującym ograniczeniem podstawowych praw i wolności człowieka i obywatela. Liczne wątpliwości, jakie wywołały one w debacie publicznej, skłaniają do refleksji naukowej na temat prawnych aspektów ograniczania praw i wolności w związku z pandemią. Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest konstytucyjnej wolności słowa, która w demokratycznym państwie prawa należy do podstawowych wolności obywatelskich.

Źródło:

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego; 2023, 1(71); 283-293
2082-1212

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 12.

Tytuł:

Freedom of speech in international regulations in the face of digital media development

Autorzy:

Chałubińska-Jentkiewicz, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13944267.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-02-20

Wydawca:

Akademia Sztuki Wojennej

Tematy:

freedom of speech
cybersecurity
digital media
regulation
international law

Opis:

In the face of technological development, the relationship between freedom, including freedom of speech, and security – especially its digital variety, namely cybersecurity – is a particularly difficult relation. It should be pointed out that the international plane is an indispensable dimension of human rights protection, since it is in the international plane that new standards in the field of human rights are created, which are then brought into the system of domestic law and the practice of states. Meanwhile, the existence of international legal regulations increasingly often becomes a guarantee of the effectiveness of domestic legal systems. International institutions often become the institution of appeal for individuals and a lever to force state governments to respect fundamental human rights and freedoms. Support for individuals, communities or nations fighting for their rights, and their success in this struggle, contribute to the formation of a new democratic international order.

Źródło:

Cybersecurity and Law; 2023, 9, 1; 5-22
2658-1493

Pojawia się w:

Cybersecurity and Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

Artykuł

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Skocz do pozycji: 13.

Tytuł:

DZIENNIKARSKA KRYTYKA WŁADZY SĄDOWNICZEJ I JEJ PRZEDSTAWICIELI
JOURNALISTIC CRITICISM OF THE JUDICIARY AND ITS REPRESENTATIVES

Autorzy:

Korzeniewska - Lasota, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512277.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum

Tematy:

freedom of speech
freedom of the press
freedom of criticism
judiciary
judge
journalist.

Opis:

Freedom of speech and, stemming from it, freedom of the press, are un-challenged grounds of every democratic society. The author relying on the limits of the allowed journalist criticism, normatively outlined and earned by the judicature and doctrine, considers the issue of applying the limits to judges. It is also indicated that protecting judges from unjustified criticism is necessary and the range of this protection should be wider than the range specified by the legislator in relation to politics and people holding social functions.

Źródło:

Studia Ełckie; 2016, 18, 2; 159 - 172
1896-6896
2353-1274

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ełckie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 14.

Tytuł:

"The Development of the Hate Speech Regulation in Hungary: from Criminal Law to Civil Law and Media Regulation"

Autorzy:

Gárdos-Orosz, Fruzsina
Nagy, Krisztina

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684791.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

hate speech
freedom of speech
media law
discrimination
criminal law,
constitutional law

Opis:

In the Hungarian legal system, the anti-hate speech rules of media law provide an ad-ditional (administrative) proceeding for the media authority in parallel with proceedings under criminal law and civil law. The media authorities, over the past twenty years, have consistently set media law sanctions at a lower intervention threshold than criminal law did, and in many cases, they established media law violation in cases where criminal proceedings for incitement against a community were not initiated or ended in acquittal. The fundamental aim of media law regulation is to shape media content and the edit-ing practices of media players with a view to ensure respect for human dignity, and to prevent media from becoming an ‘amplifier’ of hateful communications. In the first four-teen years of the Hungarian media regulation, the scope of interpretation concerning anti-hate speech media law restrictions developed gradually. The authority reacted not only to individual cases, and individual communications, but also carried out targeted investigations in cases that can be described as a phenomenon in the media coverage. Besides reviewing news and information programmes, it also acted against hateful con-tents of the entertainment programmes. The new media regulation, which entered into force in 2011, partially amended the content of the former anti-hate speech regulation: in addition to the provisions of “incitement to hatred”, the former category of “offending or prejudiced content” was replaced by the prohibition of “exclusion”. The practice of the media authority has not changed as regards the assessment of the media law standard, as the authority has continued to apply it differently from the criminal law standard, con-sidering it as a lower intervention threshold. However, in comparison with pre-2010 practice, the authority initiated considerably fewer proceedings and its approach in terms of law enforcement became less characterised by adjudicating problems that can be de-scribed as phenomenon in the media coverage, no targeted proceedings of this kind were initiated. Its practice can be characterised by a couple of high profile cases with extreme sanctions, which attract great attention. These cases are important as they designate the boundaries of public communications, but in this way, media law measures are not really suitable for making any substantial changes to the characteristics of the media coverage.

Źródło:

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2018, 8
2450-0976

Pojawia się w:

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 15.

Tytuł:

Freedom of Speech in Europe and in the United States of America. A Few Remarks on the History of the Idea and its New Challenges

Autorzy:

Wacławczyk, Wiesław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2026753.pdf

Data publikacji:

2006-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Europe
history
freedom of speech
United States of America
international relations

Opis:

One can hardly overestimate the meaning of freedom of speech in the European tradition. It dates back to the times of the ancient Greece, although it was only John Milton who wrote the first tract devoted to the subject in question. In his Areopagitica (1644), Milton skillfully defended the principle of a free flow of ideas by stressing out that an open and undisturbed clash of various information and opinions is a condition of discovering truth in life. The best-known and most frequently quoted fragment of Areopagitica reads: “And though all the winds of doctrine were let loose to play upon the earth, so Truth be in the ! eld, we do injuriously, by licencing and prohibiting to misdoubt her strength. Let her and Falsehood grapple; who ever knew Truth put to the wors, in a free and open encounter. Her confuting is the best and surest suppressing”.

Źródło:

Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2006, 35; 7-15
0208-7375

Pojawia się w:

Polish Political Science Yearbook

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 16.

Tytuł:

ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ KARNA ZA PRZEKROCZENIE GRANIC WOLNOŚCI WYPOWIEDZI
CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR EXCEEDING THE LIMITS OF FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

Autorzy:

Mrozek, Jacek Janusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/546668.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie

Tematy:

freedom of speech
criminal liability
defamation
insult
insult of religious feelings

Opis:

The article is an attempt to analyze criminal liability for exceeding the limits of freedom of expression, for example, the crime of defamation (slander) of insult and defamation of religions. Analysis of individual crimes include: signs indicating the type of criminal act (the object of protection, signs pages of this criminal act, signs of subjective side), the threat of punishment and penal measures and the mode of prosecution.

Źródło:

Civitas et Lex; 2017, 1(13); 7-20
2392-0300

Pojawia się w:

Civitas et Lex

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 17.

Tytuł:

Against “Ideologies”: “Freedom” of Science at Stake in Culture Wars

Autorzy:

Zimniak-Hałajko, Marta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041535.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-12-31

Wydawca:

Collegium Civitas

Tematy:

university
freedom of speech
academic freedom
ideology
social movements
conflict
public debate

Opis:

The subject of this article is the analysis of selected institutional activities, including drafts of legislative initiatives and social actions that took place between 2018 and 2020 at Polish universities (and outside of them). Its goal is to define what can be expressed, who is entitled to speak within the academic realm and what can be said by an academic teacher or scientist during a public debate. These social actions and legislative initiatives are discussed in the broader context of activities of social movements having a clear ideological face (either left- or right-wing), protests against lectures, debates organised at universities that were labelled as “ideological”, as well as projects intended to promote specific visions of academic freedom along with corresponding regulations for universities.

Źródło:

Zoon Politikon; 2020, 11; 367-410
2543-408X

Pojawia się w:

Zoon Politikon

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 18.

Tytuł:

GODNOŚĆ OSOBY LUDZKIEJ JAKO ŹRÓDŁO PRAW CZŁOWIEKA I OBYWATELA
The dignity of the human person as the basis for human and civil rights

Autorzy:

MROZEK, JACEK JANUSZ

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/546342.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie

Tematy:

natural law
human rights
citizen rights
freedom of speech
press law

Opis:

At the beginning of the article the inalienable and inborn dignity was discussed, which is an expression of natural law and it is primitive source of all other rights. Then, an analysis, of human rights based on the natural law and the rights of the citizen, which have its origin in the constitutional norms, was done.

Źródło:

Civitas et Lex; 2014, 1; 41-47
2392-0300

Pojawia się w:

Civitas et Lex

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 19.

Tytuł:

Publiczny projekt repolonizacji i dekoncentracji - przyczyny, wątpliwości i konsekwencje
"Repolonisation" or deconcentration - a polish political project. Its roots, deficincies, and consequences

Autorzy:

Warzecha, Łukasz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1849513.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020-09-30

Wydawca:

Instytut Dyskursu i Dialogu

Tematy:

repolonizacja
dekoncentracja
media
własność
wolność słowa
deconcentration
ownership
freedom of speech

Opis:

Media w Polsce powinny być polską własnością – uważa partia rządząca. Uzasadnienie planu repolonizacji/dekoncentracji mediów kończy się jednak zawsze na ogólnikach. Analiza nie potwierdza istnienia żadnych systemowych zależności między linią medium a jego polską lub niepolską własnością, zaś przeprowadzenie repolonizacji/ dekoncentracji mogłoby mieć poważne negatywne konsekwencje dla wolności słowa.
The media outlets in Poland should be owned by Poles – claims the ruling party, Law and Justice. However, no concrete, verifiable justification of this project has ever been presented. An analysis does not confirm the existence of any systemic correlation between foreign or domestic ownership of a medium and its editorial line. If „repolonisation” is carried out, it might have dire consequences for freedom of speech.

Źródło:

Dyskurs & Dialog; 2020, II, 3 (5); 23-34
2658-2368
2658-2406

Pojawia się w:

Dyskurs & Dialog

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 20.

Tytuł:

Ewolucja prawa prasowego w Drugiej Rzeczypospolitej. Zakres i recepcja
The Evolution of Press Law in the Second Polish Republic. Scope and Reception

Autorzy:

Habielski, Rafał

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/484268.pdf

Data publikacji:

2013

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Dziennikarstwa, Informacji i Bibliologii

Tematy:

prasa
polityka
wolność słowa
cenzura
press
politics
freedom of speech
censorship

Opis:

Prawo prasowe przechodziło w latach 1918–1930 ewolucję adekwatną do zmieniającej się sytuacji politycznej. Działaniom na rzecz jego unifikacji towarzyszyły, zwłaszcza po 1926 roku, próby nadania mu kształtu dającego władzy gwarancję kontroli systemu prasowego oraz zakresu wolnooeci słowa dostosowanego do postanowień zawartych w Konstytucji 1935 r. Praktyki te spotkały się ze sprzeciwem tytułów opozycyjnych oraz sceptycyzmem okazywanym im przez organizacje dziennikarzy i wydawców.
Press law and its usage underwent evolution in the period of 1918–1939 as a consequence of political changes. The unification of the press law was accompanied, especially after 1926, by attempts to create such a law, which would guarantee the control of the press system and the scope of the freedom of speech adapted to the rulings of the 1935 Constitution. This practice was criticized by opposition title and received with skepticism by journalists’ and editors’ organizations.

Źródło:

Studia Medioznawcze; 2013, 4 (55); 79-92
2451-1617

Pojawia się w:

Studia Medioznawcze

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 21.

Tytuł:

Prawne i etyczne ograniczenia wolności słowa
Legal And Ethical Limitations of the Freedom of Speech

Autorzy:

Mrozek, Jacek

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512474.pdf

Data publikacji:

2012

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum

Tematy:

freedom of speech
press law
censorship
journalism deontology
codes of journalism ethics

Opis:

The article attempts to analyse the legal and ethical limitations of the freedom of speech. (1) The author concentrates on origins of the institution of censorship (ancient Rome, medieval Poland). He points out that in the Kingdom of Poland one could find rescripts, edicts and royal proclamation, which prohibited to import, sell, or read heretical books, under the threats of the confiscation of property, banishment, and even the death penalty. Then the author discusses the issue of censorship in the People’s Republic of Poland (the Law of 31 August 1981). The first part is concluded with the phenomenon of neo-censorship which is a form of self-censorship inside an editorial office toward editorial press materials. (2) The author discusses limitations of the freedom of speech by deontological norms, which are embraced by the IFJ Declaration of Principles on the Conduct of Journalists (FIJ) of 1954, the AJRP Code of Ethics of 1991, EC Resolution 1003 (1993), Media Ethics Charter of 1995, the rules of journalism ethics in Polish Television of 1996, the Journalism Code of Conduct of Polish Media Conference of 2002, the Code of Conduct in the Polish Radio of 2004, the Code of Good Practice for Press Publishers of 2005, and the AJRP Code of Ethics of 2011. (3) At the end the author discusses the ethical code for Internet users (netiquette).

Źródło:

Studia Ełckie; 2012, 14; 361-372
1896-6896
2353-1274

Pojawia się w:

Studia Ełckie

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 22.

Tytuł:

Freedom of Speech in the Face of Terrorism – Selected International Law Regulations

Autorzy:

Kowalska, Samanta

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/684793.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

freedom of speech
terrorism
anti-terrorism
international law
human right
human rights

Opis:

The essay presents freedom of speech from the perspective of international law regula-tions. The phenomenon of terrorism is one of the most asymmetrical, amorphous and hybrid threats to international security and human rights. The author discusses freedom of speech in the context of anti-terrorism measures. Freedom of speech is a legal and axiological framework of democratic society. The media constitute an important source of information about social pathologies and threats. Terrorists use the media to depreci-ate the law and the state, and to generate chronic fear in society. The essay stresses the fact that a rational and informed approach to human rights should serve as a reference point for anti-terrorism. However, one cannot limit individual freedom in an arbitrary way. Public discourse helps reach an objective perception. This prevents the creation of a multiplied image, pseudo-reality and “double standards” for freedom of speech.

Źródło:

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2018, 8
2450-0976

Pojawia się w:

Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 23.

Tytuł:

Book review: Uladzislau Belavusau: Freedom of Speech: Importing European and US Constitutional Models in Transitional Democracies, Routledge 2013, pp. 304

Autorzy:

Gliszczyńska-Grabias, Aleksandra

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706927.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-07-25

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

book review, international law, freedom of speech, European Convention on Human Rights

Opis:

Book review of Uladzislau Belavusau: Freedom of Speech: Importing European and US Constitutional Models in Transitional Democracies, Routledge 2013.

Źródło:

Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 371-377
0554-498X

Pojawia się w:

Polish Yearbook of International Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 24.

Tytuł:

Zakaz cenzury prewencyjnej w świetle zasady wolności słowa

Autorzy:

Jaworski, Lech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2231128.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-06-30

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Freedom of speech
censorship
press
constitution
Press Law
Broadcasting Act
human rights

Opis:

Censorship is a special case of media control. In the authoritarian system it is preventive censorship as well as press licensing that constitute a characteristic symptom of this control. In law, the notion of censorship has not been defined: therefore one has to refer to doctrines and jurisdiction. In the Polish law, a clear ban on preventive censorship, understood as making publishing or broadcasting a certain message dependent on the prior consent of a public authority, was included in Article 54 Section 2 of the Constitution. This regulation constitutes, in the area that it regulates, a development and confirmation of the freedom of the press and other media rule expressed in Article 14 of the Constitution. Additional provisions of the press’s freedom of speech in the context discussed here are formulated in Article 3 of the Press Law. Although it does not refer directly to preventive censorship, the ban it expresses is supposed to prevent the actual infringement on the freedom of the press by preventing its print and distribution. As for the issues discussed here, what may be controversial is the approach limiting the introduction of preventive censorship only to public administration institutions. The Constitutional Tribunal in its verdict from 20 July 2011, referring to the use of publication ban within proceedings to secure claims in claims against mass media concerning the protection of personal rights (Article 755 Paragraph 2 of the Code of Civil Procedure) stated that the judicial power is not the administrative power. Therefore, the courts’ activity cannot be considered as using censorship, but rather as monitoring the law being obeyed in the preventive meaning. And as for the regulations included in the European Convention on Human Rights, its Article 10 (as well as its other regulations) does not directly refer to the issue of controlling or obstructing publications, especially press releases. This question, however, has been the subject of many rulings of the European Court of Human Rights.

Źródło:

Themis Polska Nova; 2014, 1(6); 143-164
2084-4522

Pojawia się w:

Themis Polska Nova

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 25.

Tytuł:

Press concentration, convergence and innovation: Europe in search of a new communications policy

Autorzy:

Lichtenberg, Lou

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/471067.pdf

Data publikacji:

2008-09

Wydawca:

Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej

Tematy:

press concentration
communications policy
information diversity
freedom of speech
innovation of press industry

Opis:

Printed press all over Europe have to face many similar problems; there are general indica- tions that print has to deal with structural stagnations. Circulation is declining; advertisers seem to be less interested in printed products. Print has also to deal with raising costs and with more competition. Due to those developments publishing companies preferred more a policy of saving costs particularly through economies of scale. That stimulated press concentration, declining ties with readers and ad- vertisers, and decreasing interest in innovation. For the benefit of media diversity governments are separately and collectively in the European Community in search for a new communications policy to deal with those problems in a more structured way. Next to a distant, passive role of the govern- ment, gradually in several European countries it is recognised that for a real freedom of speech it would be necessary that the government also fulfi ls a care duty, to commit to a policy aimed at uphold- ing and enhancing the diversity of the media.

Źródło:

Central European Journal of Communication; 2008, 1, 1; 49-61
1899-5101

Pojawia się w:

Central European Journal of Communication

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 26.

Tytuł:

Larry Flynt as a Controversial Advocate for Freedom of Speech in The People vs. Larry Flynt

Autorzy:

Dziewięcka, Natalia

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601303.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej

Tematy:

freedom of speech, Larry Flynt, Declaration of Independence, The Bill of Rights, freedom of expression, boundaries of freedom

Opis:

The focus of this article is to examine the notion of freedom, and more precisely freedom of speech, in the light of The People vs. Larry Flynt. The analysis will pay close attention to what has always been a central concern of American society constituting one of the basic principles on which the new nation was founded. What is more, the article will try to indicate that freedom of speech has been as essential as controversial in many respects, which is proven by numerous examples from American history. As a baseline of this study I have chosen Larry Flynt, whose life and legal battles form the central theme of the selected biopic. The article will scrutinize the plot of the movie, as it provides interesting insights into the life of this controversial advocate of freedom of speech. Flynt made himself well-known, if not notorious, by being the focal point of countless debates that concerned moral issues, public taste, and two basic rights guaranteed by the Declaration of Independence and the First Amendment. Ultimately, the article will try to challenge the concept of a society based on the notion of freedom of speech by asking and trying to answer three questions: What precisely is freedom of speech? Is freedom of speech absolute? Are there any limits of expression and if so, then where to draw the line?

Źródło:

New Horizons in English Studies; 2016, 1
2543-8980

Pojawia się w:

New Horizons in English Studies

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 27.

Tytuł:

Journalism in Slovakia Five Years After the Murder of Ján Kuciak

Autorzy:

Francistyová, Bianka
Višňovský, Ján

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52566897.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023

Wydawca:

Univerzita sv. Cyrila a Metoda. Fakulta masmediálnej komunikácie

Tematy:

Freedom of Speech of the Journalists
Ján Kuciak
Journalists
Murder
Slovak Media Law
Slovakia

Opis:

February 2023 marked five years since the tragic assassination of Ján Kuciak, an investigative journalist from Aktuality.sk, and his fiancée Martina Kušnírová. The results of the investigation of the murders revealed the primary motive behind the murder was Kuciak’s dedicated pursuit of investigative journalism. This revelation sparked the consequential societal upheaval and tensions which triggered significant shifts within high-ranking politicians, later leading to governmental crisis. Furthermore, the murder garnered attention and prompted critical discussions within European institutions. As a result, Slovakia, which used to be one of the best countries when it came to Freedom of the Press, dropped down in rankings. This study delves into the farreaching consequences of this event, focusing on the profound political, legislative, and societal transformations that have unfolded in the wake of Kuciak’s murder. These changes have left an indelible mark on journalists, reshaped the landscape of journalism as a profession, and brought changes to Slovak media legislative.

Źródło:

Media Literacy and Academic Research; 2023, 6, 2; 126-138
2585-8726
2585-9188

Pojawia się w:

Media Literacy and Academic Research

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 28.

Tytuł:

Tabu politycznej poprawności – tarcza czy kaganiec?

Autorzy:

Soczyński, Sławomir

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/447717.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie

Tematy:

taboo
political correctness
the freedom of speech
tabu
polityczna poprawność
wolność słowa

Opis:

It is commonly practiced today – especially in offices and the media – political correctness, as well as the mechanisms by which it uses, have had already numerous studies. Among them we find those whose authors express their concerns and fears, accusing political correctness primarily attempt to limit so important for the modern human values, which is the freedom of speech. At the opposite extreme, however, are the publications in which emphasizes its importance in the fight for equality of each person. We can confidently say that the authors of both groups uphold important for our community of values, having its source in the dignity of the human person. This article is an attempt to analyze the phenomenon, which is political correctness, and the search base of the conflict indicated attitudes.

Źródło:

Studia Socialia Cracoviensia; 2016, 8, 2
2080-6604

Pojawia się w:

Studia Socialia Cracoviensia

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 29.

Tytuł:

Freedom of speech and hate speech – law and attitudes of Poles. An empirical study

Autorzy:

Itrich-Drabarek, Jolanta
Garlicki, Jan
Mider, Daniel

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899593.pdf

Data publikacji:

2024-02-04

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

freedom of speech
hate speech
social attitudes
attitudes towards the law
telephone surveys
cluster analysis

Opis:

Objective: reconstruction of attitudes of Poles towards selected restrictions on freedom of speech and also towards hate speech in Polish law (selected issues). Methods: the approach to data collection included a computer-assisted telephone survey on a sample of N=1,000 adult Poles (18+) and an analysis using descriptive statistics and selected inductive statistics techniques (covariance measures and cluster analysis). Results: an analysis of the aggregate and sub-dimensions of Poles’ attitudes toward selected limits of freedom of speech in the Polish legal system and Poles’ experiences of actions considered violations of freedom of speech was conducted. Groups with different attitudes toward these phenomena and, as a result, different susceptibility to political messages of attempts to limit freedom of speech were identified. Conclusions: Poles value freedom of speech, although – in a sense – they want to limit it; They recognise that it is essential for democracy, but at the same time they do not believe that they can use it properly and, above all, effectively. We observe the paradox of support for freedom of speech or, in another convention, symptoms of ‘flight from freedom’.

Źródło:

Studia Iuridica; 2023, 99; 409-427
0137-4346

Pojawia się w:

Studia Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 30.

Tytuł:

False paradoxes of the protection of freedom of scientific research
Fałszywe paradoksy ochrony wolności nauki

Autorzy:

Łętowska, Ewa

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2006975.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN

Tematy:

freedom of speech
freedom of scientific research
protection of privacy
Strategic Litigation Against Participation in Public Life

Opis:

The article asks the questions: – How far can the authorities interfere with freedom of speech/freedom of scientific research? By what means and how can one effectively defend oneself against direct and indirect interference and manipulation? – Can it be punished if someone considers the results of research to violate his or her personal rights (an open catalog: e.g. good name, cult of the deceased, or even “the right to national identity and pride”)? Is it then possible to demand withdrawal/correction of the scientist's findings or compensation? Today, threats to the freedom of scientific research are made not so much by censoring science as by threatening the autonomy of universities; controlling the conditions of doing science (its dissemination); discouraging certain topics; self-censorship caused by a chilling effect. This is dangerous in flawed democracies, where no attention is paid to pluralism in the exercise of freedom and to ensuring some minimum protection of minority interests and proclaimed views. And at the same time in poor countries, where little resources are allocated to science, which induces the phenomenon of “chasing away from the bowl” and “rewarding with a better bowl”. Money allocated to science is a very effective means of both promoting and eliminating views. The existence of this phenomenon increases the perceived threat to freedom, even without explicitly encroaching on it (the chilling effect). Freedom of speech, freedom of scientific research are exposed to a specific threat conducted on attacks and an attempt to limit or even eliminate them – paradoxically – in the name of allegedly threatened pluralism of ideas and views. In this situation, the attackers use the idea of protecting individual freedom for expansive purposes. Not in the name of freedom of expression of one's own axiology, but in the name of forbidding this expression to others

Źródło:

Nauka; 2021, 2; 87-101
1231-8515

Pojawia się w:

Nauka

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 31.

Tytuł:

Dyskurs publiczny w warunkach wolności słowa. Perspektywa etyki komunikacji

Autorzy:

Cegieła, Anna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2147594.pdf

Data publikacji:

2022-01

Wydawca:

Towarzystwo Kultury Języka

Tematy:

etyka komunikacji
wolność słowa
dyskurs publiczny
ethics of communication
freedom of speech
public discourse

Opis:

Badania socjologiczne i językoznawcze pokazują, że język komunikacji publicznej nie buduje przestrzeni moralnej i nie prowadzi do dialogu i porozumienia. Mimo że język i sfera publiczna stanowią dobro wspólne, politycy i media niszczą je za pomocą zabiegów takich jak degradacja, dyskryminacja i nieprawda.
Sociological and linguistic studies show that the language of public communication is not morally constrained and does not lead to dialogue and understanding. Despite the fact that language and the public sphere are a common good, politicians and the media damage them by means of degradation, discrimination, and untruth.

Źródło:

Poradnik Językowy; 2022, 790, 1; 34-49
0551-5343

Pojawia się w:

Poradnik Językowy

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 32.

Tytuł:

Norwid (ponownie) odkryty. O postawie autora Rzeczy o wolności słowa wobec nowoczesności

Autorzy:

Mateusz, Grabowski,

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/897562.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-05-25

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

Norwid
"Rzecz o wolności słowa"
"On Freedom of Speech
Polish Romanticism
"Vade-mecum"

Opis:

Cyprian Norwid was considered by many researchers a poet of Polish Romanticism. The author of Vade-mecum was ahead of the times in which he lived, announcing and contesting the upcoming modernité at the same time. The aim of the article is not, however, to sum up research conducted so far on the modernity of Norwid’s work, but to show why late Romanticism is such an important category of description of the phenomenon of the author of Vade-mecum and what links his works created in the 1860s and 1880s with the manifestos of the birth of new poetry at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Źródło:

Przegląd Humanistyczny; 2017, 61(4 (459)); 29-38
0033-2194

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Humanistyczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 33.

Tytuł:

Publiczne eksponowanie banerów antyaborcyjnych w kontekście granic swobody ekspresji

Autorzy:

Ploszka, Adam

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47380322.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-12-12

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

freedom of speech
banner
abortion
public space
wolność słowa
baner
aborcja
przestrzeń publiczna

Opis:

In the article, the author analyzes, from the perspective of the limits of the freedom of speech, one of the controversial forms of expression on the permissibility of abortion. This form of expression consists of presentation in public spaces, large-format photographs containing images of bloody dead human fetuses. Banners containing these types of photographs are presented without any restrictions, which means that anyone, including children, can view them. For this text, common court judgements in which the courts held that this form of expression is not protected by freedom of speech were collected and analyzed. The analysis of the judgments of common courts was complemented by reference to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights.

Źródło:

Studia Iuridica; 2021, 88; 325-349
0137-4346

Pojawia się w:

Studia Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

/5

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Skocz do pozycji: 34.

Tytuł:

Ochrona sygnalistów (whistleblowers) w kontekście wolności wypowiedzi
Whistleblower protection from the freedom of speech perspective

Autorzy:

Pietruszka, Artur

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962746.pdf

Data publikacji:

2020

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu

Tematy:

whistleblower; freedom of speech; positive obligations of the state
sygnalista; wolność wypowiedzi; pozytywne obowiązki państwa

Opis:

Whistleblower protection is mainly a subject of interest for labour law. However, the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights indicates the relations between whistleblower protection and freedom of speech protection. A person who discloses information about certain irregularities exercises the right to impart information, which is protected by the Polish Constitution as well as by the European Convention of Human Rights. Whistleblowing allows public institutions to be subjected to scrutiny and increases transparency in public life. Hence, a democratic society should protect a person who discloses irregularities from any sanctions that may be imposed. The aim of this paper is to establish under which circumstances a person disclosing information should enjoy protection as a whistleblower, to analyse the relations between whistleblower protection and the freedom of speech, and to consider whether the state has a positive obligation to introduce whistleblower protection.
Ochrona sygnalistów jest przede wszystkim przedmiotem zainteresowania prawa pracy, jednakże w orzecznictwie Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka wskazuje się na związki ochrony sygnalistów z ochroną wolności wypowiedzi. Ujawnienie nieprawidłowości przez sygnalistę jest bowiem realizacją prawa do rozpowszechniania informacji, chronionego przez Konstytucję RP oraz Konwencję o ochronie podstawowych praw i wolności. Sygnalizacja pozwala na kontrolę funkcjonowania instytucji publicznych oraz realizację postulatu transparentności życia publicznego, dlatego w demokratycznym społeczeństwie jest szczególnie istotne, by zapewnić sygnalistom ochronę przed różnego rodzaju sankcjami, które mogą być na nich nałożone w następstwie ujawnienia informacji o nieprawidłowościach. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ustalenie, w jakich warunkach osobie ujawniającej nieprawidłowości przysługuje status sygnalisty, dokonanie analizy związków ochrony sygnalistów z wolnością wypowiedzi, a także próba rozważenia, czy na państwie ciążą obowiązki objęcia sygnalistów ochroną.

Źródło:

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny; 2020, 82, 1; 115-129
0035-9629
2543-9170

Pojawia się w:

Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 35.

Tytuł:

Polskie prawo prasowe w latach 1919—1939

Autorzy:

Todos, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/782582.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego

Tematy:

press law
Second Republic of Poland
freedom of speech
the March Constitution
the penal code

Opis:

The view that the press has an almost unlimited power of influencing public opinion is hard to question. For this reason, legal regulations regarding the press have frequently been dependent on the current political system. State authorities, being aware of the impact that the press may have on public opinion, have been eager to create the press law. The years 1919—1939 were a period of increased legislative activity with respect to the press law on the territory of Poland. The legal acts that were passed at that time aimed not only at eliminating particularisms stemming from the regulations practised by the invading countries, but also at shaping the limits of the freedom of press so as to enable the authorities to control the content of the published texts. Therefore, the present article analyses individual press law acts applicable in the years 1919—1939 for the legal structures that affected the degree of freedom of speech granted to the press. Also, an attempt has been made at answering the question whether the contemporary political situation has affected the shape of the press law.

Źródło:

Z Dziejów Prawa; 2017, 10; 105-140
1898-6986
2353-9879

Pojawia się w:

Z Dziejów Prawa

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 36.

Tytuł:

Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z 24 sierpnia 2023 r., sygn. akt IV KK 37/22
Gloss on the Judgment of the Supreme Court of August 24, 2023, file ref. no. IV KK 37/22

Autorzy:

Kulesza, Jan

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28762605.pdf

Data publikacji:

2024-02-29

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

wolność słowa
wolność zgromadzeń
obyczajność publiczna
aborcja
wykroczenie
freedom of speech
freedom of assembly
public morality
abortion
misdemeanor

Opis:

The purpose of the gloss is to present the correct line of reasoning that the Supreme Court should have adopted to reach the conclusion approved by the glossator. Relevant jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights allows for the acceptance of the absence of a violation of the norm sanctioned as a result of the application of constitutional and convention interpretation, rather than just the lack of social harmfulness of the act, as basis for the denial of the element of criminality. Any legal restrictions on freedom of speech must arise from serious reasons and an urgent societal need.
Celem glosy jest przedstawienie prawidłowego toku rozumowania, który powinien był przyjąć SN, by dojść do aprobowanej przez glosatora konkluzji. Relewantne orzecznictwo ETPC umożliwia przyjęcie braku naruszenia normy sankcjonowanej w wyniku zastosowania wykładni prokonstytucyjnej i prokonwencyjnej, a nie dopiero braku społecznej szkodliwości czynu, jako zaprzeczenia elementu karygodności. Wszelkie prawnokarne ograniczenia wolności słowa muszą wynikać z poważnych racji i pilnej potrzeby społecznej.

Źródło:

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego; 2024, 1(77); 297-303
2082-1212

Pojawia się w:

Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 37.

Tytuł:

Gdzie wyznaczyć granice prawa do wolności słowa? Analiza w kontekście pierwszej poprawki do amerykańskiej Konstytucji oraz doktryny walczących słów
Where to limit the freedom of speech? Analysis in the context of the First Amendment to the US Constitution and the fighting words doctrine

Autorzy:

Palka, Karolina

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29520030.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-12-14

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Bielsko-Bialski

Tematy:

prawo do wolności słowa
mowa nienawiści
doktryna walczących słów
freedom of speech
hate speech
fighting words doctrine

Opis:

Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony został tematyce granic prawa do wolności słowa. W części pierwszej zawarto krótkie wprowadzenie dotyczące tej tematyki, przede wszystkim w kontekście pierwszej poprawki do amerykańskiej konstytucji. W drugim punkcie opisywana jest sprawa Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, która miała zasadnicze znaczenie dla tematyki niniejszego opracowania, ponieważ Sąd Najwyższy Stanów Zjednoczonych na jej podstawie stworzył doktrynę tzw. „fighting words”. W dwóch następnych częściach, przedstawiono dwie sprawy sądowe w doskonały sposób ukazujące granice prawa do wolności słowa w Stanach Zjednoczonych: Snyder v. Phelps oraz Village of Skokie v. National Socialist Party of America. Część piąta ukazuje prawo do wolności słowa w kontekście polskiego prawa cywilnego, karnego, konstytucyjnego, a także wiążących Polskę aktów prawa międzynarodowego. Ostatni fragment jest krótkim podsumowaniem.
This article is about the limits of the right to free speech. The first section provides a brief introduction to this topic, primarily in the context of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. The second section describes the case of Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire, which was fundamental to the topic of this paper because the United States Supreme Court created the so-called "fighting words" doctrine based on it. In the next two sections, two court cases are presented that perfectly demonstrate the limits of the right to free speech in the United States: Snyder v. Phelps and Village of Skokie v. National Socialist Party of America. The fifth part shows the right to freedom of speech in the context of Polish civil, criminal, and constitutional law, as well as acts of international law binding on Poland. The last part is a short summary.

Źródło:

Świat i Słowo; 2021, 37, 2; 239-256
1731-3317

Pojawia się w:

Świat i Słowo

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 38.

Tytuł:

Swoboda wypowiedzi a teksty amerykańskich beatników. Obsceniczność a granice swobód?
Freedom of expression and the lyrics of American beatniks. Obscenity and the limits of freedom?

Autorzy:

Bagan-Kurluta, Katarzyna

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621872.pdf

Data publikacji:

2016

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku

Tematy:

swoboda wypowiedzi, cenzura, obsceniczność, bitnicy.
freedom of speech/expression, censorship, obscenity, bitniks, beat generation.

Opis:

Freedom of speech is guaranteed to every person by international agreements concern- ing the protection of human rights and by national constitutions. Freedom of expression is regarded as one of the pillars of democracy, the determinant of a wide sphere of hu- man freedom. But should every statement, even the most controversial, be the subject of protection? Does obscene speech deserve such protection? The answer to these questions seems to be justified especially in the age of Internet – the instrument offering the pos- sibility of unrestricted flow of information.

Źródło:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2016, 15, 1; 235-246
1732-9132
2719-9991

Pojawia się w:

Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 39.

Tytuł:

Political correctness as an object of investigation

Autorzy:

Mishchenko, Daria
Baranova, Svitlana

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519760.pdf

Data publikacji:

2023-09-30

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

Behavior
cross-cultural
barriers
euphemism
social reason
offensive
language
community
culture
freedom of speech

Opis:

The terms political correctness or PC were not used until the late 1970s. According to James Wilson (1995), a judge in Georgia, in 1973 the US Supreme Court first mentioned the term “politically correct”. Thus, the doctrine of political correctness was based on the concept of “neutral language”. It is this language, free from expressions that offend the feelings and dignity of the person, violate his human rights, must oppose hate speech (Phumsiri N., 2018). The relevance of the work is due to the interest of studying the political correctness in the modern dimension, which is explained by the growing interest in society and spread in the media. Political correctness (PC) – a term that describes the style of behavior, speech, lifestyle, preferences, but at the same time does not violate the personal boundaries of people in religious, racial, political, cultural fields (Stephen Richer, Lorna Weir, 1995). Political correctness is a kind of voluntary social code of conduct, which provides for the inadmissibility of humiliating mentions of physical or mental disabilities of third parties, about their racial, religious or national affiliation, observance of gender equality in public and private life. The term “political correctness” began to be widely used only in the 80s of the 20th centuries. It was then that conservatives from American universities began to use it to denote social movements that advocated the establishment of codes of conduct that would exclude manifestations of racism, sexism, homophobia or other unacceptable forms of behavior. Politically correct terms are a special group of neologisms that are deliberately created by native speakers to replace lexical units that, for one or another political or social reason, begin to be perceived as derogatory. A number of researchers consider political correctness as one of the manifestations of euphemism, as an integral component of its linguistic aspect (Anna Monashnenko, Svitlana Amelina, Vasyl Shynkaruk, 2021). They consider euphemisms and politically correct units as identical concepts: euphemism is one of the most effective means of expressing politically correct vocabulary.

Źródło:

Pomiędzy. Polsko-Ukraińskie Studia Interdyscyplinarne; 2023, 10(3); 25-31
2543-9227

Pojawia się w:

Pomiędzy. Polsko-Ukraińskie Studia Interdyscyplinarne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 40.

Tytuł:

Freedom of independent speech and debate – vanishing point in an algorithmic democracy

Autorzy:

Piotrowski, Ryszard

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48899592.pdf

Data publikacji:

2024-02-05

Wydawca:

Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego

Tematy:

human rights
new technologies
freedom of speech
right to privacy
democracy
constitution
algorithmic society

Opis:

The new technologies are fundamentally changing the culture of human rights, including the right to freedom of speech, by lowering the level of sensitivity to their violation and making people gradually accustomed to systemic restrictions not only on the right to privacy but also on the sovereignty of the nation. The dependence on new information and communication technologies is transforming the constitutional identity of the democratic state ruled by law, without formally changing the existing constitution. In a situation where any kind of fictitious reality may be fashioned using AI algorithms, the freedom of speech, as a reflection of freedom of thought, comes under acute threats.

Źródło:

Studia Iuridica; 2023, 99; 591-602
0137-4346

Pojawia się w:

Studia Iuridica

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 41.

Tytuł:

Amendments of January 2018 to the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation in Light of International Law

Autorzy:

Grzebyk, Patrycja

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706839.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-09-01

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

denial crime
double criminality
freedom of expression
freedom of speech
Institute of National Remembrance
memory law
rule of law

Opis:

This article analyses the amendments of January 2018 to the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance (INR) of 1998, which has raised doubts in light of international law and provoked diplomatic tensions between Poland on one side and Germany, Ukraine, United States of America and Israel on the other. The INR is a national institution whose role is, among others, to prosecute perpetrators of international crimes committed between 19171990. The article proves that the wording of the amendments is inconsistent with international law, as it ignores the principles of international responsibility, definitions of international crimes, and disproportionately limits freedom of expression. In consequence, it cannot be expected that third states will cooperate with Poland in the execution of responsibility for violation of the newly adopted norms.

Źródło:

Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2017, 37; 287-300
0554-498X

Pojawia się w:

Polish Yearbook of International Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 42.

Tytuł:

Freedom of expression and hate speech regarding the activities of public officials in political debate

Autorzy:

Stępień-Załucka, Beata

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52089912.pdf

Data publikacji:

2024

Wydawca:

Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza

Tematy:

freedom of expression, hate speech, public figures

Opis:

Freedom of expression has accompanied humanity for centuries. As societies have developed over the decades, it has evolved and changed. In parallel, the brutalisation of language has also progressed, leading to the emergence of hate speech. Today, hate speech is a global phenomenon, significantly impacting the speech of public figures. This is due to the fact that such statements reach a wide audience, which includes both supporters and opponents of such a person. Consequently, this leads to a wide-ranging debate where individual arguments lose relevance, overshadowed by the repetition of negative slogans and comments with hatefulovertones. This article aims to delineate the boundary between freedom of expression and hate speech, highlighting the consequences associated with the use of hate speech by public figures. It seeks to prove the main thesis that hate speech in the activity of public figures is an unquestionably negative phenomenon and thus cannot benefit from the protection guaranteed under freedom of speech. Additionally, it posits that hate speech undermines the dignity of individuals and society, leads to a decline in the culture of speech, and diminishes both political and social culture. Consequently, it erodes the authority of public figures and harms the offices they hold by undermining trust in them.

Źródło:

Ius Novum; 2024, 18, 2 ENG; 112-129
1897-5577

Pojawia się w:

Ius Novum

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 43.

Tytuł:

Radiofonia i telewizja jako narzędzia służące wykonywaniu zadania nauczycielskiego Kościoła. Gwarancje prawne i ich realizacja w Polsce po roku 1989
Radio Broadcasting and Television as Tools for Realisation of the Teaching Mission of the Church. Legal Guarantees and Their Application in Poland Since 1989

Autorzy:

Wiśniewski, Piotr

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807780.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-11-15

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL

Tematy:

mass media
radiofonia
telewizja
KRRiT
wolność religii
freedom of speech
freedom of religion
radio broadcasting
television
National Broadcasting Council

Opis:

The right of the Church to employ radio broadcasting systems and television is a natural law, therefore it has a universal character and unchanging in time and space. Radio and TV media the access to which is regulated by the State which can actually provide (guarantee), hinder or even render impossible access to radio and television broadcasting for certain subjects. The position of a given state depends on its political regime. Article 20 of the Concordat guarantees the Church a right to possess and use its own public media by virtue of the Polish law. Article 48 § 3 of the Act On Church-State Relations in the Polish Republic has a similar effect. Article 20 of the Concordat also guarantees the Church a right to broadcast programmes on the radio and television by virtue of the Polish law. Article 48 § 1 of the above-mentioned Act spells out these guarantees in such a way that it recognizes the right of the Church to broadcast Sunday and church holiday services as well as religious-ethical, social and cultural programmes. Simultaneously, the Act leaves the mode of execution of the law conditional upon any agreements holding between the Commission of the Polish Episcopate and public radio and TV broadcasters. Overall, it can be concluded that the legislation of the Third Polish Republic guarantees (provides) the Catholic Church a right to possess its own mass media, such as radio and television, which are in possession of ecclesiastical institutions, and a right to broadcast its own programmes through these media. The Catholic Church uses these guarantees, but the degree to which they are used does not do justice to real needs of the faithful living in a democratic state with a rule of law.

Źródło:

Roczniki Nauk Prawnych; 2010, 20, 1; 111-130
1507-7896
2544-5227

Pojawia się w:

Roczniki Nauk Prawnych

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 44.

Tytuł:

Wolność słowa realizowana w ramach wolności religii w Kościele Katolickim w Polsce a prawne ograniczenia dotyczące epidemii SARS-CoV-2
Freedom of speech exercised within freedom of religion in the Catholic Church in Poland and the legal restrictions concerning the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic

Autorzy:

Jaskuła, Lidia K.

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1887461.pdf

Data publikacji:

2021-12-18

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II

Tematy:

wolność słowa
wolność religii
epidemia
SARS-CoV-2
prawne ograniczenia
freedom of speech
freedom of religion
epidemic
legal restrictions

Opis:

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę analizy stanu wolności słowa realizowanej w ramach praktyk religijnych wykonywanych publicznie w czasie epidemii. Główny problem opracowania stanowi pytanie, czy ograniczenia wprowadzane w wyniku epidemii  SARS-CoV-2 wpływają na wolność słowa realizowaną w ramach wolności religii. W artykule omówiono normatywne ramy wolności słowa realizowanej w ramach wolności religii, ograniczenia dotyczące funkcjonowania Kościoła Katolickiego, które wprowadzono w Polsce w ramach walki z epidemią SARS-CoV-2 oraz praktyczne konsekwencje tych ograniczeń dla wolności słowa w analizowanym kontekście. Przeprowadzone badania doprowadziły do wniosku, że ograniczanie wolności religii w jej wymiarze zewnętrznym jest także ograniczaniem wolności słowa realizowanej w ramach wolności religii. Ustanowione w Polsce ograniczenia nie spełniają prawnych warunków ograniczania wolności człowieka. W obliczu zagrożeń związanych z epidemią SARS-CoV-2 ograniczanie niektórych praw i wolności w celu ochrony życia i zdrowia jest co do zasady uzasadnione, jednak działania takie powinny respektować wymogi prawa. Działania przeciwne prowadzą do erozji prawa, niszczą jego autorytet, naruszają prawa i wolności jednostki i negatywnie odbijają się na relacji państwo-Kościół. Takich „standardów” sprawowania administracji publicznej nie może usprawiedliwiać epidemia i nie jest możliwe ich zaakceptowanie w demokratycznym państwie prawa.
The present paper is an attempt to analyze the state of freedom of speech exercised during public religious practices at the time of the epidemic. The main research problem addressed in the study is whether the restrictions introduced due to the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic affect freedom of speech exercised within freedom of religion. The paper discusses the normative framework of freedom of speech exercised within freedom of religion, the restrictions on the functioning of the Catholic Church established to control the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Poland, and the practical consequences of these restrictions for freedom of speech in the context under discussion. The conducted analyses have led to the conclusion that restricting freedom of religion in its external dimension also means restricting freedom of speech exercised within freedom of religion. The restrictions in place in Poland do not meet the legal conditions for limiting human freedom. Therefore, it should be emphasized that in the face of the threats posed by the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, limitations of certain rights and freedoms introduced in order to protect life and health are essentially justified, but such actions should respect legal requirements. The opposite may lead to the erosion of the law, destroy its authority, violate the rights and freedoms of individuals, and negatively affect Church-State relations. Such “standards” of public administration cannot be justified by an epidemic and it is not possible to accept them in a democratic state ruled by law.

Źródło:

Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego; 2021, 24; 279-300
2081-8882
2544-3003

Pojawia się w:

Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 45.

Tytuł:

Wyzwania medialne Ruchu „Europa Christi”
Media Challenges Faced by the “Europa Christi” Movement

Autorzy:

Książek, Mariusz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22792709.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-12-31

Wydawca:

Stowarzyszenie Absolwentów i Przyjaciół Wydziału Prawa Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego

Tematy:

media
wolność wyznawania wartości religijnych
wolność słowa
Europa Christi
freedom to manifest religious beliefs
freedom of speech

Opis:

Ruch „Europa Christi” jest formą organizacji chrześcijan, której zadaniem jest przywrócenie w Europie swobody wyznawania wartości chrześcijańskich. Do realizacji tego celu liderzy Ruchu angażują się m.in. w działania medialne, aby przekaz miał jak największe oddziaływanie społeczne. Istniejące globalne narzędzia komunikacji w społeczeństwie z różnych powodów ograniczają możliwości ich wykorzystania do celów Ruchu. Koniecznością jest budowanie własnych kanałów komunikacji społecznej. Kino chrześcijańskie i globalne korzystanie społeczeństwa z możliwości technologicznych, jakie daje smartfon, są możliwymi kierunkami działań Ruchu „Europa Christi”.
The “Europa Christi” Movement is a form of Christian organization whose aim is to restore freedom to manifest Christian values in Europe. To achieve this aim leaders of the Movement become involved in media activities so that the message has the greatest social impact. For various reasons the existing global communication tools limit the possibilities of using such activities for the purpose of the Movement. Therefore, it is necessary to create own communication channels. The possible courses of action to be taken by “Europa Christi” include Christian cinema and the global use by the society of the possibilities offered by the smartphone.

Źródło:

Biuletyn Stowarzyszenia Absolwentów i Przyjaciół Wydziału Prawa Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego; 2018, 13, 15 (2); 177-186
2719-3128
2719-7336

Pojawia się w:

Biuletyn Stowarzyszenia Absolwentów i Przyjaciół Wydziału Prawa Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:

Non … delinquere eum, qui in dubiis quaestionibus contra fiscum … responderit. About freedom of speech of lawyers Podziękowanie Biblioteka Wyższej Szkoły Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie składa serdeczne podziękowanie Bibliotece Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Poznaniu za nieodpłatne przekazanie publikacji, które przyczynią się do poszerzania wiedzy naszych studentów, czytelników, kadry dydaktycznej jak również osób zainteresowanych. Publikacje te będą cennymi nabytkami dla naszej biblioteki i wzbogacą nasze księgozbiory. Z podziękowaniem Magdalena Augustyniak

Autorzy:

Sitek, Bronisław Włodzimierz

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/451884.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018

Wydawca:

Wyższa Szkoła Gospodarki Euroregionalnej im. Alcide De Gasperi w Józefowie

Tematy:

tax law
in dubio pro tributario
Roman law
ius commune
state empire
interpretation of law
freedom of speech of lawyers

Opis:

The subject of this study is the analysis of the text of Modestinus D. 49.14.10. This is an excerpt rarely interpreted by Romanists. The aim of this analysis is to show its significance for the author, Justinian compilers and contemporary romanists. The implementation of this goal is achieved through the application of the legal-historical and dogmatic analysis of this text. The most important, however, is the analysis of the original location by Modestyn. This will allow showing the meaning that the author gave him. The result of these interpretive procedures is the demonstration that it was a text guaranteeing the freedom of oral and written expression of advocates or trial lawyers in the judicial proceeding against the tax office. Thus, the fragment of Modestinus became an archetype of modern lawyer’s immunity, consisting in the possibility of free discussion and argumentation during court hearings and in legal opinions.

Źródło:

Journal of Modern Science; 2018, 38, 3; 151-162
1734-2031

Pojawia się w:

Journal of Modern Science

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 47.

Tytuł:

„Brutalizacja wypowiedzi politycznej w Europie”? Uwagi nad wyrokiem Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka w sprawie Ziembiński przeciwko Polsce (2), 2016

Autorzy:

Wacławczyk, Wiesław

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200462.pdf

Data publikacji:

2017-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

the European Court of Human Rights
freedom of speech
political speech
Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka
wolność słowa
wypowiedź polityczna

Opis:

The text examines standards of freedom of speech stipulated by the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg. The focus is on political expression, which deserves the greatest scope of protection according to Western norms determined by the jurisprudence of the mentioned court and the Supreme Court of the United States. In this connection, the latter has significantly influenced the case-law of the former. The text under discussion analyses the problem from the perspective of the case of Ziembiński versus Poland (2), 2016.

Źródło:

Themis Polska Nova; 2017, 1(12); 49-63
2084-4522

Pojawia się w:

Themis Polska Nova

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 48.

Tytuł:

Free Speech Today

Autorzy:

QC, Lord Lester of Herne Hill

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706685.pdf

Data publikacji:

2014-07-25

Wydawca:

Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN

Tematy:

freedom of speech, human right, European Court of Human Rights, ECHR, European Convention on Human Rights, defamation, hate speech

Opis:

The article is an amended version of the Marek Nowicki Memorial Lecture presented at Warsaw University in 2014. It discusses the contemporary meaning of the right to free expression, concentrating on the basic principles of free speech as well as the limits of the right. In this context, the article pays special attention to British, Polish and European practice (particularly with respect to cases that are relevant for Poland). The specific topics tackled by the author include: free speech and the problem of criminalization of certain acts (e.g. the offence of defamation of public officials), hate speech, freedom of expression and the right of an individual to protect his or her good reputation (including the issue of libel laws), freedom of expression and the right to privacy (including the right to prior restraint on publication), free speech and internet, and the right to privacy versus national security.

Źródło:

Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2013, 33; 129-144
0554-498X

Pojawia się w:

Polish Yearbook of International Law

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 49.

Tytuł:

Cenzura wobec Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego 1944-1989
Censorship against the Catholic University of Lublin 1944-1989

Autorzy:

Sawicki, Jacek Zygmunt

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1807035.pdf

Data publikacji:

2019-10-23

Wydawca:

Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL

Tematy:

cenzura; represje polityczne; systemowy ateizm; wolność słowa
censorship; political repression; systemic atheism; freedom of speech

Opis:

Polityka władz PRL wobec Katolickiego Uniwersytetu Lubelskiego była emanacją stosunku komunistów do Kościoła katolickiego posiadającego w Polsce ugruntowany od wieków autorytet. Kiedy władza decydowała się na nasilenie konfliktu z Kościołem, miała wiele możliwości oddziaływania także na jedyną katolicką uczelnię, a tym samym wpływania na jej aktywność oraz oblicze. Na poziomie szykan i represji, jeżeli odrzucimy ostateczność, tj. zamknięcie uczelni, miała do dyspozycji zarówno jawne mechanizmy nacisku, jak i możliwość prowadzenia tajnych, zakulisowych działań. I skwapliwie korzystała z obu tych sposobów. Wpływała na ograniczenie dopływu środków, podcinając płynność finansową uczelni; stawiała bariery na poziomie rekrutacji; zmuszała do zamknięcia niewygodnych kierunków i nie wydawała zgody lub utrudniała tworzenie nowych; wpływała na odebranie uprawnień do przeprowadzania przewodów doktorskich i habilitacyjnych; sankcjonowała rozpracowanie przez służby specjalne środowiska akademickiego, inwigilację studentów oraz pracowników uczelni, w skrajnych przypadkach doprowadzając do relegowania albo nieprzedłużania umowy o pracę. Cenzura ze swoimi działaniami znakomicie wpisywała się w ten ciąg szykan, ograniczając dostęp do myśli, a w niektórych wypadkach wręcz wpływając na uniemożliwienie przekazu czy to przez niedopuszczenie do publicznej wypowiedzi, czy np. wstrzymanie publikacji, rzadziej konfiskatę gotowego druku. Z reguły posługiwano się ingerencją w celu eliminacji fragmentów tekstu lub dokonywano zmian konkretnych sformułowań. Mówiąc o działalności cenzury, dotykamy wyłącznie skutków decyzji politycznych, które zapadały w innym miejscu. Należy zatem pamiętać, kto w ówczesnej rzeczywistości tak naprawdę sterował treściami przekazu, a więc o roli Polskiej Partii Robotniczej, a później Polskiej Zjednoczonej Partii Robotniczej w tworzeniu rzeczywistości peerelowskiej oraz w kreowaniu obrazu świata. Cenzura miała tu rolę wyłącznie pomocniczą obrony interesów tej jednej partii, stanowiąc ostatnią blokadę niezależnej myśli i słowa.
The Politics of the People’s Republic of Poland towards the Catholic University of Lublin was an emanation of the communists’ attitude to the Catholic Church, which had established authority in Poland for centuries. When the communists’ authorities decided to exacerbate the conflict with the Church, it had many opportunities to influence the only Catholic school, thus influencing its activity and face. At the level of persecution and repression, if we reject the last resort, ie the closure of an institution, it has at its disposal both explicit pressure mechanisms and the ability to conduct secret, behind-the-scenes activities. And eagerly used both of these ways. Influenced the limitation of inflows by undercutting the financial liquidity of the university; Set barriers to recruitment; Forced to close uncomfortable directions and did not allow or hinder the creation of new ones; Affected the withdrawal of the right to conduct doctoral dissertations and habilitation; It sanctioned the dissemination by the special services of the academic community, the surveillance of students and university staff, in extreme cases leading to relegation or renewal of the employment contract. Censorship with its actions was a perfect fit in this harassment, limiting access to thought and, in some cases, even by affecting the transmission, whether by refraining from publication or, As a rule, interventions were used to eliminate parts of the text, or to make specific changes to the wording. Speaking of censorship, we only touch the effects of political decisions that have taken place elsewhere. One should therefore remember who in the real world really controlled the content of the message, ie the role of the PPR and later the PZPR in creating the Peerelian reality and in creating the image of the world. Censorship was solely an auxiliary role, defending the interests of this single party, constituting the last block of independent thought and words.

Źródło:

Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2018, 66, 2 Special Issue; 159-180
0035-7707

Pojawia się w:

Roczniki Humanistyczne

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 50.

Tytuł:

Rejestracja dzienników i czasopism w świetle prawa prasowego

Autorzy:

Jaworski, Lech

Powiązania:

https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2197912.pdf

Data publikacji:

2018-12-31

Wydawca:

Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek

Tematy:

registration
newspaper
magazine
press
censorship
licensing
freedom of speech
rejestracja
dziennik
czasopismo
cenzura
licencje
wolność słowa

Opis:

Among the laws regulating the press activity, the main one is the obligation to register a daily newspaper or a magazine (Article 20 of the Press Law). The registration application should include the data listed in that Article. Giving the role of a registrating body to the courts and not an administrative body, due to their independent nature, fosters the implementation of the free press rule formulated in Article 14 of the Constitution and developed in Article 1 of the Press Law. The ban on preventive censorship and press licensing is included directly in Article 54 Section 2 of the Constitution (this regulation, however, allows introducing by an Act of Parliament an obligation to obtain a license to run a radio or TV station). The registration mode is a kind of broadly understood application system and it is not included in the press licensing model. Nor does it have anything to do with preventive censorship. Regulations of the Code of Civil Procedure on non-litigious proceedings apply for registration procedure, together with alterations resulting from the Press Law. Magazine registration has two main functions: 1) protecting the name of no longer existing press titles (at the same time protecting the publisher’s right for the press title); 2) protecting the interests of potential readers. The latter case concerns preventing the reader from being misled about the true identity of a given newspaper. The Constitutional Tribunal noticed that the regulation concerning the registration mode is a limitation of the freedom of speech. However, the Tribunal did not find such a limitation that would breach Article 54 Section 1 or Article 31 Section 3 of the Constitution. Publishing a newspaper or a magazine may be suspended if in a given newspaper or magazine the law has been broken at least three times in a year, which has been confirmed by a valid criminal judgment. The regulations do not stipulate the option of cancelling the registration. It is, however, possibile that its validity may expire. According to Article 45 of the Press Law, in force since 19 July 2013, a person publishing a newspaper or a magazine without a license or suspended is subject to a fine. Currently such actions consitute a misdemeanour, and not an offence.

Źródło:

Themis Polska Nova; 2018, 2(14); 73-91
2084-4522

Pojawia się w:

Themis Polska Nova

Dostawca treści:

Biblioteka Nauki

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