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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 73
Tytuł:
Europe and the integration process
Autorzy:
Shehu, Arben
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035778.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Academicus. International Scientific Journal publishing house
Tematy:
Globalization
free trade
supranational
european
Opis:
People in different country, may find that globalization and transnationalization of the nation also offer opportunities. Globalization in its literal sense is the process of transformation of local or regional phenomen into global ones. It can be described as a process by which the people of the world are unified into a single society and function together. Supporters of free trade claim that it increases economic prosperity as well as opportunity, especially among developing nations. It also enhances civil liberties and leads to a more efficient allocation of resources. Economic theories of comparative advantage suggest that free trade leads to a more efficient allocation of resources, with all countries involved in the trade benefiting. In general, this leads to lower prices, more employment, higher output and a higher standard of living for those in developing countries. The EU represents one of the greatest experiments in political and economic history. For the first time nations have chosen to surrender aspects of their national sovereignty to a central body that has a responsibility to ensure that they act for the good not only of themselves but of other nations as well. All of us can be part of EU in every single moment by travelling without visas, using euro, making business or applying european law. The EU provides the first example of a truly supranational body where the ambitions of nations curbed by a need to co-operate in order to succeed. This body helped bringing incredible political and economic stability to Europe. I would like to underline the force of globalization movement and the Euro impact, which is now a fact against all arguments.
Źródło:
Academicus International Scientific Journal; 2011, 03; 153-163
2079-3715
2309-1088
Pojawia się w:
Academicus International Scientific Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU-ASEAN free trade agreement(s) – prospects and challenges for inter-regional FTA
Autorzy:
Mazur, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/581243.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
EU
ASEAN
FTA
free trade agreement
EUSFTA
Opis:
In 2007 the EU and ASEAN launched negotiations on a free trade agreement between the regions. However, 2 years later, the inter-regional negotiations were paused due to the slow progress . As an alternative the EC started individual negotiations with those countries that wished to sign a bilateral FTA. Firstly, it initiated talks with Singapore in 2010 which was then followed by Malaysia, Vietnam, Thailand, the Philippines and Indonesia. By the half of 2017 the EU concluded the FTAs with Singapore and Vietnam which are yet to be ratified. Four other countries negotiate the agreements with many challenges and issues to be addressed in bilateral talks. Although official declarations say about replacing those individual agreements by one EU-ASEAN FTA in future, it will be difficult to achieve due to differences in economic interest among ASEAN members, differential progress within the ongoing negotiations and even the reluctance of some countries to join the FTA with the EU.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2017, 486; 141-154
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kosmopolityczna norma praworządności w kontekście federalizacji Unii Europejskiej – jej ocena i znaczenie dla konkurencyjności
Autorzy:
Świątkowski, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-07-18
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
cosmopolitism
federation
rule of law
competition
free trade
Opis:
The article shows firstly the analytical relationship between the German – based on theKant’s philosophy of law – federal order and its trial to be extended to the dimension of Europeancomplexity. Next, the article aims at answering the following questions: Is Kant’s (cosmopolitan)rule of law, which is promoted within the frames of European federal thought, more a friend or foeto entrepreneurship? In other words, does this norm not recode the classical free trade rule in thedirection of deontological inclusiveness of a market? Does linking EU funds or state’s subventionsfor companies with cosmopolitan rule of law norm makes that the return to a flexible free tradeattitude will be legally restricted, or even impossible? Or more, is the rule of cosmopolitan(deontological) law economically beneficial to the same extent either to entities with weaker capitalor rising economies and to companies with powerful capital and developed economies?
Źródło:
Civitas et Lex; 2022, 35, 3; 19-31
2392-0300
Pojawia się w:
Civitas et Lex
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Is a regional trading bloc forming in southeast Asia? New evidence for ASEAN countries
Autorzy:
Cieślik, Andrzej
Song, Tao
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2035810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012-12-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
ASEAN
Free trade area
Gravity model
Panel data
Preferential trade liberalization
Opis:
This article studies the impact of ASEA N on the bilateral exports of its 10 member countries. It reports the results of applying the gravity model to a data set covering 50 partner countries from 1967 to 2008. The study’s empirical findings show that on average ASEA N regionalism significantly increases bilateral exports. However, the results are country-specific and indicate that ASEA N seems to benefit only large economies with a long history of membership, while smaller more recent members do not show significant expansion of exports.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2012, 16, 2; 23-29
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
FACTORS DETERMINING POLAND – SOUTH KOREA TRADE IN SUGAR CONFECTIONERY
Autorzy:
Jarzębowski, Sebastian
Natalia, Bezat
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
agricultural trade
sugar confectionery
EU
South Korea
Free Trade Agreement (FTA)
Opis:
The paper aimed to analyze factors that can have an impact on the volume of trade between EU and South Korea. The main point of the research was that the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) between the EU and the Republic of South Korea entered into force in July 2011 (first trade deal with an Asian country). In the focus of the paper was one of the product’s sector, namely sugar confectionery. Within the conducted case study Poland is the investigated country. The value indices were used for analyzing changes occurring within the EU – South Korea trade before and after FTA entered into force.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2018, 19, 4; 377-387
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The EU’s Common Trade Policy: Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Development and Free Trade in the Era of De-Globalization Processes?
Autorzy:
Latoszek, Ewa
Dugiel, Wanda
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969457.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
Free Trade
Sustainable Development
Common Trade Policy
Trade Agreements
System of Customs Preferences
Opis:
The purpose of the article is to show the importance of the European Union’s common commercial policy in implementing the concept of sustainable development. The article uses the qualitative and quantitative method, analysis of Polish and foreign literature and analysis of a number of free trade agreements, signed or negotiated in the form of free trade zones and the system of customs preferences (GSP). The analysis concerns EU trade relations in the context of the implementation of sustainable development assumptions. In the new generation trade agreements, economic growth is served by the use of both the idea of free trade and sustainable development. The starting point for the analysis is the discussion of the promotion of the idea of sustainable development by the European Union based on accepted liberal solutions in the common EU trade policy, currently used in the period of weak development of international trade. The second point discusses the European Union’s strategy in the common trade policy, developed on the basis of UN resolutions on sustainable economic development. The third point examines the issue of problems in achieving the goals of sustainable economic development in the case of developing countries.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 4; 23-46
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strefa wolnego handlu Unia Europejska i Ukraina - skutki handlowe dla Polski
A Free Trade Zone Between the European Union and Ukraine: Trade Implications for Poland
Autorzy:
Ambroziak, Łukasz
Kaliszuk, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575600.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009-12-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
European Union
Ukraine
Polska
free trade zone
trade creation and diversion
trade barriers
Opis:
In March 2007, the European Union and Ukraine opened negotiations on an association agreement to replace the existing agreement on partnership and cooperation. The main part of the new agreement will be a deal on the establishment of a free trade zone between the EU and Ukraine. The paper aims to examine the commercial implications of such a zone for Poland, especially as Ukraine is one of the largest export markets for Polish goods and Poland is the second largest commercial partner for Ukraine in the EU27 in terms of trade volume. The authors estimate the results of reducing import duties in terms of trade creation and diversion effects. They also examine the potential implications of lifting export duties by Ukraine and of using trade protection policies by both sides. Even though the estimated commercial effects are moderate, the authors say, they conclude that a free trade zone between the EU and Ukraine would benefit Poland’s trade. The zone would enhance Polish-Ukrainian relations without harming bilateral commerce, according to Ambroziak and Kaliszuk.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2009, 236, 11-12; 141-163
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Free Trade Zone And Their Role In Economic Development (Comparative Analysis Of The Ukrainian And Jordanian Experience)
Autorzy:
Shalamai, Olga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/476317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
free trade zone
contemporary economics
development
international economics
Jordan
Ukraine
Opis:
This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the functioning of special economic zones in Aqaba, Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and Ukraine. The work gives the concept and classification of the Free trade zones (FTZ), reflects the goals of creating zones and their purpose. The main goal of the work is to study the features of FTZs in Jordan and Ukraine and determine what experience Ukraine can gain from Jordan to optimize the work of the Ukrainian FTZs. During the research we grounded that Ukraine has essential resource opportunities, such as: natural resources, working capital, and geographical location compared to Jordan, which despite of all the obstacles could implement ASEZ and gradually improve its economy. Jordanian experience proves that the desire of a strong Leader and his loyal team, despite of the concentration of hot points all around the borders, unstable political relationship with its neighbors, high refugees inflow definitely led to the deterioration of economic situation in the country. A large stock of foreign debt, insufficient supplies of water, oil, and other natural resources, high level of unemployment – succeeded in its effective implementation of ASEZ and overcame all the severities. Thus, hopefully this research might inspire the Ukrainian leaders to promote the development of Ukrainian FTZs in order to prosper our economy and improve the standard of living.
Źródło:
MIND Journal; 2019, 8; 1-14
2451-4454
Pojawia się w:
MIND Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of non-governmental organizations in trade policy – case study of campaigns against TTIP and CETA in Germany
Autorzy:
Wróbel, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
Germany
NGOs
free trade
liberalisation
civil society
EU
TTIP
CETA
Opis:
The aim of this article is to analyze the role of NGOs in organizing public opposition to trade liberalisation on the example of the campaign against TTIP and CETA in Germany. The study was divided into two parts. The first part analyses the increasing importance of NGOs in trade policy, using as an example the actions against the multilateral trading system of the WTO and the chosen preferential trade arrangements. The second part of the study focuses on non-state actors’ activities in Germany opposing the CETA and TTIP negotiations.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 523; 400-415
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Integracja regionalna UE a reguły GATT/WTO
Regional integration of the EU and the GATT/WTO principles
Autorzy:
Skrzypczyńska, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/625305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
free trade
regional agreements
European Union
GATT/WTO
single market
Opis:
The main purpose of regional integration is to remove trade barriers between participant countries and set up trade barriers against third countries. The European Union, on the one hand, established a single market, thereby creating a free trade area between member countries, on the other hand, it uses a variety of protection mechanisms towards third countries. The aim of the paper is to analyse trade rules under the GATT and the European integration process. The paper also examines how European integration deals with the rules of regional agreements established under Article XXIV of the GATT.
Źródło:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej; 2015, 9; 471-478
1899-6256
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Educational customs duties as a crucial element to create free trade
Cło wychowacze jako istotny element tworzenia wolnej wymiany handlowej
Autorzy:
Myszczyszyn, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38240.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
custom duty
free trade
trade
educational custom duty
economic model
statistical data analysis
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia; 2015, 14, 4
1644-0757
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ukraina – uwikłanie między liberalizacją handlu a protekcjonizmem
Ukraine – Entangled between Trade Liberalisation and Protectionism
Autorzy:
Kaliszuk, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454607.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
protekcjonizm,
liberalizacji handlu,
umowy o wolnym handlu
protectionism,
trade liberalisation,
free trade agreement
Opis:
Na początku 2016 roku ma wejść w życie Pogłębiona i kompleksowa umowa o wolnym han-dlu (Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement – DCFTA) – handlowa część układu o stowarzyszeniu między Unią Europejską i Ukrainą. Oznacza to, że Ukraina otworzy szerzej swój rynek dla towarów importowanych z państw członkowskich UE (Unia otworzyła swój rynek w kwietniu 2014 r. w wyniku jednostronnej liberalizacji). W artykule postawiono następujące pytanie badawcze – czy szersze otwarcie na konkurencję zagraniczną nie wzmocni nastrojów protekcjonistycznych wśród ukraińskich producentów. Bardzo trudna sytuacja gospodarcza Ukra-iny w 2015 r. i nikłe widoki na poprawę w 2016 r. oraz liczne próby wprowadzenia środków protekcjonistycznych w latach 2009-2015, motywowane m.in. znaczną liberalizacją handlu w związku z akcesją Ukrainy do WTO, wskazują, że z taką możliwością należy się liczyć. W artykule przeanalizowano środki polityki handlowej, które władze ukraińskie starały się zasto-sować w celu ochrony bilansu płatniczego bądź krajowych producentów w tym okresie oraz możliwości ochrony rynku ukraińskiego na mocy umowy DCFTA. W podsumowaniu przedsta-wiono argumenty za i przeciw potencjalnemu wzrostowi tendencji protekcjonistycznych na Ukra-inie po wejściu umowy DCFTA w życie.
The Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA) signed by the European Union and Ukraine on 27 June 2014 as part of their broader Association Agreement is expected to enter into force on January 1, 2016. As a result, Ukraine will open wider its markets for goods and services (the EU granted Ukraine the preferential access to the EU goods market already in April 2014, in response to the security, political and economic challenges faced by Ukraine). The trade liberali-sation may expose Ukraine on tougher competition from the side of European companies. The question is whether a wider opening to foreign competition will strengthen protectionist sentiment among Ukrainian producers. Two circumstances seem to support this hypothesis. First, the recent worsening of economic situation of Ukraine, second, lessons from Ukraine trade policy after joining the WTO in 2008. Ukraine made a lot of progress toward opening up its market before the accession to WTO, unfortunately soon the financial crisis began. In response to the crisis Ukraine tried to introduce several trade restrictive measures. In the article the liberalisation process and undertaken actions, such as import surcharge measures, a trial of renegotiation of tariff conces-sions and trade defence instruments are analysed. In conclusion, the author pinpoints arguments and counterarguments for potential increased protectionism in Ukraine since 2016.
Źródło:
Unia Europejska.pl; 2015, 3; 37-52
2084-2694
Pojawia się w:
Unia Europejska.pl
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kompleksowa umowa o współpracy gospodarczej i handlowej - nowy wymiar relacji Unii Europejskiej z Kanadą
Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement - a New Dimension of the European Unions Relations with Canada
Autorzy:
Mazur, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/454367.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny
Tematy:
UE
strefa wolnego handlu
CETA
liberalizacja handlu
EU
free trade agreement
trade liberalisation
Opis:
We wrześniu 2014 r. przedstawiciele Unii Europejskiej oraz Kanady zaprezentowali oficjalnie tekst Kompleksowej umowy gospodarczej i handlowej (Comprehensive Trade and Economic Agreement - CETA). Nowa umowa jest kolejnym dwustronnym porozumieniem o wolnym handlu wynegocjowanym przez UE, w tym pierwszym z krajem należącym do grupy G-7. Negocjacje nad nową umową trwały pięć lat. Wśród najważniejszych kwestii spornych znalazły się m.in. eksport europejskich serów do Kanady i eksport kanadyjskiej wołowiny na rynek UE. Zgodnie z umową, najpóźniej w ciągu siedmiu lat od jej wejścia w życie, bezcłowy handel powinien objąć wszystkie towary przemysłowe i rybołówstwa oraz większość produktów rolnych. Porozumienie, oprócz głębokiej liberalizacji handlu towarami i usługami, reguluje także kwestie dostępu do sektora zamówień publicznych i bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych, w tym wzajemną ochronę inwestycji. Szczególnie ta ostatnia kwestia budzi w dalszym ciągu sprzeciw niektórych środowisk i polityków, co może negatywnie wpłynąć na proces ratyfikacji i opóźnić moment wejścia w życie nowego porozumienia.
In September 2014, the representatives of the European Union and Canada officially announced the final text of Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement - CETA. The new document is the EU subsequent bilateral free trade agreement, and the first concluded with a G-7 country. The negotiations between the Parties took five years. Among the most contentious issues were exports of European cheese to Canada and exports of Canadian beef to the EU. According to the agreement, all trade in manufactured goods and fisheries and almost all trade in agricultural products will be liberalised within maximum seven years since the entry of the agreement into force. The agreement, apart from the deep liberalisation of trade in goods and services, includes among others provisions on public procurement and foreign direct investment, together with investment protection standards. The latter regulation has been especially controversial and is still contested by some organisations and politicians, what may adversely affect the ratification process and delay the entry of the agreement into force.
Źródło:
Unia Europejska.pl; 2014, 6; 31-42
2084-2694
Pojawia się w:
Unia Europejska.pl
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Book review: Marc-William Palen, The ‘Conspiracy’ of Free Trade: The Anglo-American Struggle Over Empire and Economic Globalisation, 1846-1896, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 2016
Autorzy:
Menkes, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706847.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-09-01
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
book review
international law
constructivism
conspiracy theories
free trade
economic globalisation
Opis:
Review of a book: Marc-William Palen, The ‘Conspiracy’ of Free Trade: The Anglo-American Struggle Over Empire and Economic Globalisation, 1846-1896, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 2016
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2016, 36; 295-298
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Brak wyłącznej kompetencji UE do zawierania umów o wolnym handlu „nowej generacji”
Lack of the EU Exclusive Competence to Conclude „New Generation” Free Trade Agreements
Autorzy:
Marcin Łukowski, Marcin Łukowski
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/558208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Centrum Europejskie
Tematy:
TTIP
CETA
Free Trade Agreement
Singapore
EU Competence
Opinion 2/15
Opis:
European Union intends to enhance its economic ties with the third countries through the Free Trade Agreements. With the FTA’s with Canada (CETA), United States (TTIP) and Singapore, EU wanted to upgrade the level of mutual cooperation, introducing so called “new generation” of FTA’s. Such agreements are intended to broadly facilitate bilateral trade between the stakeholders, significantly exceeding issues of purely customs nature. The process has been slowed down due to the unclear division of competences between the EU and its Member States. In a longer perspective it may occur that the European Union will have to amend the desired economic relations creation model, to engage in a broader way all of the EU Member States into the decision-making process. For example it can be derived from the recent opinion of the Court of Justice of the EU on the FTA with Singapore.
Źródło:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs; 2018, 3; 135-151
1428-149X
2719-3780
Pojawia się w:
Studia Europejskie - Studies in European Affairs
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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