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    Tytuł:
    Women forest dwellers daily use of forests in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Nowacka, W.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38307.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    woman
    forest dweller
    forest
    use
    Polska
    small town
    rural community
    forest resource
    forestry
    Opis:
    Forests are playing an important role especially for inhabitants of small towns and rural communities. The goal of the research was characterization of the actual means and directions of the use of forest resources by small communities, with emphasis on the importance of women. The objective of the research was to determine most important ways of use of forests in rural areas and their role in social development of families. This paper discusses achievements of survey done in Poland. Data were collected through quantitative questionnaires. A total of more than 1000 female inhabitants responses are statistically worked out and partly presented in this paper.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Forests, forestry and space management in climate change scenarios
    Autorzy:
    Paschalis-Jakubowicz, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38335.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
    Tematy:
    forest
    forestry
    space management
    climate change
    scenario
    rural development
    forest resource
    forest management
    Opis:
    The necessity to combine forest resource management with regional development is a social requirement. The halting of the forestry marginalization trend is the result, among other things, of the lack of strong links between forest management and local communities’ development, as well as the lack of a holistic approach to the space management principles. The paper analyses the causes and possibilities of solving forest, forestry and regional development problems.
    Źródło:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2009, 51, 1
    0071-6677
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Trees4Future – Designing trees for the future. Access to key research infrastructures and tools in the field of forestry and wood technology in Europe
    Trees4Future – Projektowanie drzew w przyszłości. Dostęp do kluczowych infrastruktur badawczych i narzędzi w zakresie leśnictwa i technologii drewna w Europie
    Autorzy:
    Verhaeghe, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52386.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
    Tematy:
    Trees4Future project
    designing
    tree
    future
    Transnational Access programme
    infrastructure
    forestry
    wood technology
    Europe
    research infrastructure
    forestry research
    climate condition
    forest resource
    climate change
    exploitation
    wood supply
    Opis:
    Trees4Future is an Integrative European Research Infrastructure project that aims to integrate, develop and improve major Forest Genetics and Forestry Research Infrastructures. It will provide the wider European forestry research community with easy and comprehensive access to currently scattered sources of information (including genetic databanks, forest modelling tools and wood technology labs) and associated expertise. This will help forestry researchers and the European forestry sector to respond, in a sustainable manner, to increasing demands for wood products and services in the context of genetic adaptation and changing climatic conditions. It will create a new and better linked Research Infrastructure that will optimize the short- and long-term exploitation of forest resources by increasing knowledge of, for example, the adaptation of forests to climate change, and the tree characteristics suitable for a tailor-made wood supply.
    Trees4Future to projekt scalania europejskiej infrastruktury badawczej, którego celem jest zintegrowanie, rozwijanie i ulepszanie ważniejszych infrastruktór w obszarze genetyki lasów i badań w leśnictwie. Zapewni to szerszej społeczności europejskich naukowców, zajmujących się lasami, łatwy i pełny dostęp do obecnie rozproszonych źródeł informacji (w tym banków danych genetycznych, narzędzi modelowania lasów i laboratoriów zajmujących się technologią drewna) i towarzyszącej im specjalistycznej wiedzy. Pomoże to zarówno naukowcom zajmującym się leśnictwem, jak i europejskiemu sektorowi leśno-drzewnemu odpowiedni reagować na rosnący popyt na produkty drzewne i usługi, w kontekście adaptacji genetycznej i zmieniających się warunków klimatycznych. Stworzy to nową, lepiej powiązaną infrastrukturę badawczą, która zaoptymalizuje krótkoi długookresowe wykorzystywanie zasobów leśnych poprzez polepszenie znajomości, na przykład adaptacji lasów do zmian klimatycznych oraz cech drzew odpowiednich z punktu widzenia podaży drewna uwzględniającej wymagania klientów.
    Źródło:
    Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2012, 55, 187
    1644-3985
    Pojawia się w:
    Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Conservation of genetic resources of Sorbus torminalis in Poland
    Autorzy:
    Bednorz, L
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41249.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    genetic resource
    conservation
    tree
    Rosaceae
    wild service tree
    Sorbus torminalis
    forest tree
    Polska
    Opis:
    The paper presents the proposal of a strategy of conservation of genetic resources of wild service tree (Sorbus torminalis) in Polish forests. Some results of the recent studies on distribution, resources and genetic variability of wild service tree in Poland that make a scientific base of the programme are presented. Both in situ and ex situ methods should be applied in conservation of genetic resources of S. torminalis. Conservation affords should first to be focused on forest management oriented in favor of wild service tree (e.g. logging intervention, competition control, preparing of favorable sites for new establishments). Further, in situ measures should include selection of conservation areas (natural gene reserves) and preserving trees of the best quality (protected genotypes). These objects would provide seeds for new establishments and to feed populations of small size. The genotypes of the selected earlier preserving trees (about 250–300) would be protected in ex situ conservation objects – seedling and clonal seed orchards. These plantations would also provide seeds needed for future establishments. The genotypes of endangered populations or single trees of S. torminalis could be preserved in the Forest Gene Bank in Kostrzyca.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2007, 58; 3-7
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Water relations during two hydrological years in swampy areas in the Siemianice Forest Experimental Station
    Autorzy:
    Krysztofiak, A.T.
    Miler, A.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/62494.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
    Tematy:
    water relation
    hydrology
    swamp area
    Siemianice Forest Experimental Station
    forest experimental station
    ground water level
    surface water level
    climate change
    Marianka Forest District
    forest environment
    water resource
    water condition
    Opis:
    In recent years researchers have focused increasingly on climatic changes taking place in nature (increasing air temperature, decreasing precipitation totals). These imply changes in components of water balances and in practice changes in water relations both on the global and local scale. At present site overdrying is considered to be the biggest threat [Pierzgalski 2007]. The aim of the study is to present water relations in the forest swampy areas in a forest district (the Marianka Forest District) of the Siemianice Forest Experimental Station in hydrological years of 2005 and 2006. The investigations showed that analysed catchments, despite being located in swampy areas, are characterized by periods of water depletion in ditches. In analysed watercourses runoff was recorded from mid-November 2004 to the beginning of June 2005, while in the next hydrological year it was recorded again from mid-November, but this time longer to mid-June 2006. In relation to ground water of the catchment area a predictable relationship was observed of the water table level at the locations of observation wells. The wells located in the top sections of the catchment had water table the deepest below the ground level, while wells in valleys had water tables at the most shallow levels. It may also be stated that wells situated in higher areas (watershed), are characterized by a slightly bigger variation in the ground water table during the year than it was the case with wells located at lower points (in valleys). Both analyzed hydrological years (2005 and 2006) showed a similar pattern of ground water table at individual sites. Moreover, a marked cyclicity was recorded in the elevation of the water table, i.e. water level rising in autumn and lowering in summer months (as a result of changes in plant transpiration). The relationship of ground water levels with different forest sites found in the analyzed catchments confirms the dependence on the site moisture level variant. Water was lying at the most shallow levels in the ash-alder swamp forest site – a marshy site, while it was markedly the deepest in fresh mixed coniferous forest sites – a fresh site type. When analyzing changes in the ground water levels in terms of stand age classes we may clearly observe the seasonal variation and similar patterns of changes. Water lay the most shallow in stands of age classes V and VI. The level was significantly deepest in age class IV. The above dependencies pertained both to the hydrological year 2005 and 2006.
    Źródło:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2008, 06
    1732-5587
    Pojawia się w:
    Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zarządzanie projektami poprawy efektywności eliminacji pożarów lasów: podejście topologiczne
    Project management of efficiency improvement of elimination of forest fires: a topological approach
    Autorzy:
    Rak, Y.
    Ustilovskyy, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/103635.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    proaktywne zarządzanie
    podejście topologiczne
    pożary lasu
    project
    proactive management
    resource management
    project resources
    topological approach
    forest fires
    Opis:
    W pracy naukowej zaproponowano podejście topologiczne zarządzania projektami i programami, które jest wykorzystywane w celu zwiększeni. efektywności eliminacji pożarów lasów przy pomocy samolotów i ogólnie lotnictwa. Scharakteryzowano uwarunkowania formalne oraz czynniki wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego środowiska projektu, które wpływają na skuteczność realizacji projektów i programów.
    In the scientific paper is proposed a topological approach of managing the projects and programs to improve the efficiency of elimination of forest fires using aircraft and aviation in general. Reasons of external and internal project environment that affect the successful implementation of projects and programs, are described taking into account the regional constituent of Ukraine.
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa; 2014, T. 2; 303-309
    2300-5343
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Technika, Informatyka, Inżynieria Bezpieczeństwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teoretyczne i praktyczne aspekty obliczania zapasu wody w glebach leśnych. Część 2. Gleby szkieletowe
    Autorzy:
    Kucza, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022097.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby szkieletowe
    gleby lesne
    hydrologia
    obliczenia
    lesnictwo
    zapas wody w gruncie
    gleboznawstwo lesne
    forest hydrology
    forest soil
    soil water resource
    soil skeleton
    skeleton water absorptivity
    Opis:
    The paper presents an original method of calculating actual water resource in forest skeletal soils as a sum of two components: water resource in the fine earth fraction and water resource in the skeletal (grain size ≥ 2mm) fraction. A scientific justification for applied procedures was provided. Functional forms of empirical equations were developed to calculate water resource in soil skeletal fraction depending on the moisture content in the surrounding fine earth fractions. Examples of detailed description of these dependencies for the organic and mineral matter layers of the skeletal soil profile under the stands of the Beskid Śląski Mountains are given.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 10; 35-46
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Changes in quality of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) seeds stored at the Forest Gene Bank Kostrzyca
    Autorzy:
    Gugala, A
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41527.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2002
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    genetic resource
    Fagus sylvatica
    beech
    Forest Gene Bank Kostrzyca
    viability loss
    qualitative change
    long-term storage
    seed
    Opis:
    In the Forest Gene Bank cold stores, both long-term and strategic gene resources are stored to be used during periods of poor seed production. Beech seeds of the following harvests were evaluated: 1995, 1998 and 2000. Quality of seeds was determined with different methods from the date of reception to FGB through preparation for long-term storage, storage in cold stores and the presowing treatment. The usefulness of staining tests for rapid evaluation of beech seed viability is not sufficiently sure. The floating test in water significantly improves the level of seed purity. The current method of seed drying does not remain without influence upon beech seeds and causes a slight decrease of viability. Next to beech seed lots of rapidly declining quality in the FGB are stored seed lots whose viability does not decrease during identical technological processes. Seed lots of low initial viability should be eliminated.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2002, 47 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Sustainable forest management: current situation and certain challenges of the forest sector of Mongolia
    Autorzy:
    Burmaa, Natsag
    Ganchimeg, Tugsuu
    Baasanjav, Ganbaatar
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2191374.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie SILGIS
    Tematy:
    state policy
    forest sector
    human resource capacity
    institutional regulatory framework
    polityka państwa
    sektor leśny
    potencjał zasobów ludzkich
    instytucjonalne ramy regulacyjne
    Opis:
    A goal of the article is to explore the theoretical understanding of sustainable forest management and empirical result of the Mongolian forest sector in regarding to institutional regulatory framework, and human resource capacity. Provides also a discussion of improvement possibilities of forest sector of Mongolia. In the framework of sustainable forest management planning, implementing and controlling procedure shall focus on social, environment and economic pillars tends to meet needs of present and future generations of the nations. Also, forest sector human resource shall tend to sustainability as well as in policy, employment and educational level. A mixed research design that incorporated qualitative data and quantitative data was used in this study. Interviews and questionnaires were completed public officials, forest user groups’ employees and private companies’ employees which are responsible for forest planting, afforestation, restoration, nursery, thinning and cleaning. Goal and main focus of the state policy on forest sector of Mongolia, coherence of the public organizations in charge of forestry and forest management in Mongolia, success factors and shortcomings are determined in the discussion part. Human resource capacity shall be provided in all policy, employment and educational manners as well.
    Źródło:
    GIS Odyssey Journal; 2021, 1, 2; 47--70
    2720-2682
    Pojawia się w:
    GIS Odyssey Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    O konieczności dokonania pewnej reorientacji w badaniach leśno-drzewnych
    On the necessity to perform certain reorientation in the forest and timber research
    Autorzy:
    Paschalis-Jakubowicz, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023055.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    kierunki badan
    badania naukowe
    drzewnictwo
    lesnictwo
    forest hydrolology
    water balance
    soil profile
    soil relative moisture
    soil moisture content
    ground water
    resource
    Opis:
    The paper presents the method of converting relative moisture of the ground layer in the soil profile into water resource expressed in the thickness of the water layer. The basis of conversion is the dimensionless degree of the soil moisture content. Water resources in soil profiles calculated by means of the proposed method can be compared and directly related to water balance components of forest habitats, among others, precipitation volume, interception, transpiration, evapotranspiration, as well as water outflow from a catchment. The paper provides a description and justification of procedures applied to non−skeletal soils in the profiles without free groundwater table and those with saturation zone.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 09; 59-65
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gene conservation and breeding programmes for Picea abies in Lithuania: present-day achievements
    Autorzy:
    Danusevicius, J
    Gabrilavicius, R.
    Danusevicius, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41718.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    international conference
    Europe
    forest ecosystem
    plant breeding
    tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    breeding programme
    Lithuania
    gene conservation
    genetic resource
    provenance
    plant population
    Opis:
    At present, Norway spruce stands occupy 22% of the total forest area in Lithuania. Most of them are located in the northeastern highland (Žemaitija) and the central part of the country. 25% of the spruce-dominated stands are pure, the rest are mixed. Natural calamities like storms, droughts, and pests cause substantial damage and occur quite frequently. About 40 thousand ha of stands are cut after each storm. The mean wood yield of the spruce stands is 304 m3 ha-1, and the current annual increment is 6.2 m3 ha-1. The climatic conditions of Lithuania are variable enough to cause differentiation of habitats. For Norway spruce, 6 provenance regions have been established. The national gene conservation programme is based on (a) in situ genetic reserves, seed collection stands, and selected genotypes, and (b) ex situ clonal archives, seed orchards, experimental plantations, and gene bank collections. The present-day breeding of Norway spruce comprises family tests of populations for individual and population selection, and plans for inter-population hybrids. A strategy for Norway spruce breeding has been approved for the years 2004-2013. There is a genetically diverse material for future breeding: long-distance provenance tests, and population and family tests. Assessments of two provenance tests (aged 9 and 17 years) in central Lithuania revealed superior performance of central and northeastern Polish provenances: superior height, good stem quality, and late bud-burst in spring. This may be attributed to the favourable effect of transfer: avoidance of spring frosts (late bud-burst and good stem quality), and utilisation of the later part of the growing period for growth (late bud-set and superior height). Norway spruce is a climax species with different domestic and Darwinian fitness. Therefore, we suggest that the domestic fitness of local genotypes may be improved by introducing a few Polish clones in Lithuanian breeding populations.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Picea abies in Northrhine-Westphalia
    Autorzy:
    Schmitt, H P
    Heyder, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/40997.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    international conference
    Europe
    forest ecosystem
    plant breeding
    tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    plant survival
    survival
    genetic resource
    seed storage
    seed orchard
    Sauerland region
    Westphalia
    Germany
    Opis:
    The Sauerland region of southern Westphalia has the most economic stands of Norway spruce in the state of Northrhine-Westphalia (Germany). As shown by historical research and genetic analysis, the seeds for these stands were imported from Thuringia around the year 1880. Therefore, the two states are collaborating closely to secure the genetic variety of the spruce and develop new sources of seed supply. The survival of the Hochsauerland Norway spruce is now under threat: these stands have already been harvested or are due for harvesting shortly, in addition, many of the older stands were destroyed by the gale "Kyrill" in 2007, and only a few stands have remained. Since its foundation, the Forest Gene Bank of Northrhine-Westphalia has taken the following measures to preserve the gene pool of the Hochsauerland spruce and conserve it in the long term: storage of seed from 100 representative trees in all the most valuable stands of spruce (since 1985); establishment of seed orchards; and establishment of replacement stands. Thanks to those measures, the genetic information of the Norway spruce stands of Thuringian origin has been secured, and substantial stocks of seed are available for reforestation.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Research on the variability of Picea abies in Poland: genetic and breeding value of spruce populations in the Polish range of the species
    Autorzy:
    Sabor, J
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41487.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    international conference
    Europe
    forest ecosystem
    plant breeding
    tree
    Norway spruce
    Picea abies
    spruce
    plant population
    provenance test
    intrapopulation variability
    genetic resource
    genetic value
    breeding value
    gene bank
    Opis:
    The work outlines the directions in the past and present research into the variability of Norway spruce in Poland, and presents the results of provenance experiments concerning the genetic and breeding value of provenances tested in the Polish range of spruce distribution. The Istebna race proved to have a good value, however, so far only the progeny of single stands have been tested. It is thus necessary to determine the range of distribution for this race. The altitude of the location of mother stands significantly correlates with the genetic and breeding value of their progeny cultivated at different altitudes. This suggests that the altitude and exposure of plantations to be established in mountain forest belts should be specified for individual provenances (altitudinal zoning). New inventory provenance tests should be run under varied site conditions to assess both the genetic value and plasticity range of the provenances. In view of the biotic and abiotic threats facing spruce, there is a need to work out detailed programmes designed to preserve its genetic resources in gene banks and in vivo archives.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2009, 61 Supplement
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Teoretyczne i praktyczne aspekty obliczania zapasu wody w glebach leśnych. Część 1. Gleby bezszkieletowe
    Theoretical and practical aspects of calculating the water storage in forest soils. Part I. Non-skeletal soils
    Autorzy:
    Kucza, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1023040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    gleby lesne
    obliczenia
    lesnictwo
    zapas wody w gruncie
    gleby bezszkieletowe
    gleboznawstwo lesne
    forest hydrolology
    water balance
    soil profile
    soil relative moisture
    soil moisture content
    ground water
    resource
    Opis:
    The paper presents the method of converting relative moisture of the ground layer in the soil profile into water resource expressed in the thickness of the water layer. The basis of conversion is the dimensionless degree of the soil moisture content. Water resources in soil profiles calculated by means of the proposed method can be compared and directly related to water balance components of forest habitats, among others, precipitation volume, interception, transpiration, evapotranspiration, as well as water outflow from a catchment. The paper provides a description and justification of procedures applied to non−skeletal soils in the profiles without free groundwater table and those with saturation zone.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2005, 149, 09; 24-33
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of variability of water resources in lowland forests on selected parameters describing the condition of trees
    Autorzy:
    Tyszka, J.
    Stolarek, A.
    Fronczak, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11996.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    variability
    water resource
    lowland forest
    climatic function
    hydrological function
    selected parameter
    tree condition
    periodical change
    stand condition
    extreme climate
    water condition
    river list
    habitat condition
    tree stand
    Opis:
    The influence of water conditions on the condition and growth of tree stands has been analysed in the context of the climatic and hydrological functions forest plays. Long observational series obtained for precipitation, outflow and depths below the surface of the water table have been put together with measured increases in the breast-height diameters of Scots pines and the severity of crown defoliation observable in selected tree species growing on the Polish Lowland, in order to determine the overall scope to the reaction stand condition manifests in the face of ongoing variability of water conditions within forest. An overall improvement in the condition of stands over the last 20 years does not disguise several-year cyclicity to changes capable of shaping the situation, i.a. departures from long-term mean values for precipitation totals and groundwater levels. The condition of stands is seen to worsen in both dry and wet years. Analysis of the degree to which pine, spruce and broadleaved stands experience defoliation points to spruce stands responding most to extreme hydro-climatic conditions. Extreme situations as regards water resources were seen to involve a response over two-year time intervals in the case of coniferous stands. Unsurprisingly, optimal growing-season (June-September) precipitation totals correspond with long-term average figures, while being slightly higher for spruce (at 384 mm), than for Scots pine or broadleaved species (375 mm). The relationships reported gain confirmation in analysis of periodic change in breast-height diameter increments characterising Scots pines, whose growth is seen to depend closely, not only on precipitation, but also above all on the depth of the water table in the summer half-year. Optimal depths of the water table proved to be different, being around 20 cm below ground in the case of marshy coniferous forest, 80 cm in wet habitats, and 135 cm in fresh habitats. Depending on the possibilities for water to soak into the rooting zone of trees there were even twofold differences in measured growth increments in Scots pine (as the dominant species in Poland’s lowland habitats). The maintenance of stable water conditions (as the most variable environmental factor in forest) should be an overriding aim of management activity in this habitat. When account is taken of the influence of the state of water resources on biomass production, and then on the intensity of evapotranspiration and the absorption of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, it is seen how important it is to achieve improvements in water conditions in forests, as such an important factor in combating climate change.
    Źródło:
    Papers on Global Change; 2014, 21
    2300-8121
    1730-802X
    Pojawia się w:
    Papers on Global Change
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15

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