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Tytuł:
Not only sale of wood: diversification of sources of revenues in selected European public forest enterprises
Autorzy:
Kaliszewski, Adam
Młynarski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041526.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
revenues
diversification of incomes
state-owned forests
forest enterprises
forest policy
Opis:
Economic viability of forestry is one of the key pillars of sustainable forest management and a basis for maintaining forests and their multiple benefits for the society. It may be achieved by, inter alia, diversification of sources of income in forest management. The aim of the article is to analyse sources of revenues of state-owned forest enterprises (holdings) in selected European countries and ongoing changes in this respect in recent years. In the paper, we analyse the structure of revenues of state forest enterprises in Poland, Germany (with the examples of Bavaria and Lower Saxony) and Austria; however, particular attention is paid to the State Forests National Forest Holding in Poland, which is the largest state-owned forest holding in the European Union (EU) in terms of area of forests. The study is based on document content analysis methodology (desk research), including annual reports published by forest enterprises, statistical data and also legal regulations. The analysis shows that while revenues from the sale of wood are the main source of income of forest enterprises, some of them are seeking to diversify their sources of revenues. The Austrian Federal Forests can serve as an example of a good development strategy based on diversified sources of income. Also, the Lower Saxony State Forest company, which is approximately 60% dependent on the sale of wood, undertakes other activities, including real estate management, hunting and recreational services. Our study shows that both the State Forests National Forest Holding and the Bavarian State Forests Enterprise are based on timber harvest and sale to a large extent. We conclude that as regards the State Forests Holding in Poland, the possibility of expanding and diversifying commercial activities should become a subject of discussion among foresters, decision makers and politicians.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 3; 160-170
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Conceptual basis of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector of Ukraine in the context of European integration
Autorzy:
Khvesyk, Mykhailo A.
Shubalyi, Oleksandr M.
Khvesyk, Julia M.
Vasilik, Natalia M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest policy
economic mechanism
transformation
ecological-economic relations
forestry
forest resources
European integration
Opis:
The article defines the priorities, principles and main provisions of national forest policy of Ukraine towards European integration. The main objectives and structure of the mechanism of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector of Ukraine is grounded. The main tasks of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector should be decentralization of the management system, budget savings and sustainability, sustainable development and ecological security, development of public and private partnership, and welfare of local communities. It justifies priority directions of transformation, which include the system of distribution of powers between central, regional and local levels, the financing system and fiscal regulation in the forest sector, powers and subordination of the organs of ecological control, the organizational forms of companies and associations, the institutionalization of communal and private ownership of forests. Necessary organizational and economic framework for their implementation should ensure the economic mechanisms of transformation of the system of state management of economic processes, financial-credit and fiscal regulation, economic incentives of the deep environmentally friendly forest products, integration of businesses and innovative and investment development of the forest sector, the Institute of ownership of forest land, the property rights of forest users and local communities. The structure of transformation mechanism of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector is developed. It will allow the use of modern economic methods (de-monopolization and transparent competition on the timber market; economic incentives for deep wood processing; the transition to the new organizational forms of integration of economic entities; the empowerment of local communities and their executive bodies) and the instruments (preferential loans; target financing of large-scale projects at the national level; environmental insurance; transfer pricing; export and import duties; the state order; the state guarantees and subsidies), and to form an effective organizational forms of business entities in the forest sector. It is concluded that transformation processes should apply to all spheres of economic activities in the forest sector, especially in the following areas: increased powers of the management bodies of the forest sector at the regional and local levels; simplification of procedures for land allocation by local governments to provide additional reforestation; coordination between the organs of ecological control and forest management to strengthen the relationship between the real state of forestry and the system of rational use of forest resources; the introduction of modern forms of enterprise and associations of enterprises at different stages of the reproductive process.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 2; 97-111
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Priorytety polityki leśnej Ministerialnego Procesu Ochrony Lasów w Europie
Priorities of forest policy of the Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe
Autorzy:
Zaleski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989014.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
polityka lesna
Ministerialny Proces Ochrony Lasow w Europie
priorytety
proces negocjacyjny
analiza skupien
forest europe
forest policy
negotiation process
Opis:
The main interest of the FOREST EUROPE (formerly known as the Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe, MCPFE) was to introduce the principles of sustainable forest management in Europe. Topics that linked forestry with the global conventions and agreements were addressed at ministerial conferences. These topics were called priorities. A comparison of ministers speeches from the subsequent conferences with content of the international agreements and documents allowed the selection of 24 priorities (tab.) that appeared 627 times at the conference proceedings. Priorities appearing at the MCPFE process were analysed with the aim of identifying trends of their occurrences. Cluster analysis allowed to categorise different conferences according to their similarities in terms of the emerging priorities (fig. 1). The most closely related were the conferences held in 1998 and 2003 as well as the one held in 2007 and 2011. The conference held in 1990 differed the most from others. The same technique was used to explore similarities and to categorise priority groups. Five most interconnected priority groups were selected (fig. 2). As no permanent linkages between different priorities existed, it was difficult to establish priority groups that were discussed during the following conferences. It was possible, however, to distinguish priority groups that were similar in terms of their appearance, duration or disappearance during the subsequent ministerial summits. Some thematic priorities seemed to be important for individual countries in the longer term than period between the conferences, and those continued to appearing at the ministers speeches during the subsequent summits. The application of statistical methods based on the cluster analysis allows for an appropriate analysis of the MCPFE process.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 02; 124-130
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekonomiczne instrumenty wspierania wielofunkcyjnej gospodarki leśnej w Czechach i w Polsce
Economic instruments for promoting the multifunctional forest management in the Czech Republic and Poland
Autorzy:
Sisak, L.
Kaliszewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/993285.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Polska
Czechy
gospodarka lesna
gospodarka wielofunkcyjna
instrumenty wspierania rozwoju
systemy wspierajace
instrumenty ekonomiczne
forest policy
policy instruments
comparative analysis
Opis:
The paper compares direct economic and financial instruments used for promoting the multifunctional forest management in the Czech Republic (CR) and in Poland. In both countries subsidies are the most significant instruments of support. They come from the state budgets, the EU resources, as well as from public ecological funds. The other common instruments used are: compensations (CR), tax concessions, soft loans and ecological payments. In the CR, unlike in Poland, most of the instruments focus on supporting multifunctional forest management in private and communal forests.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2013, 157, 09; 703-711
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezpośrednie koszty i źródła finansowania ochrony przyrody i różnorodności biologicznej w nadleśnictwach w województwie mazowieckim
Direct costs and sources of financing of nature conservation and biodiversity protection in forest districts in the Mazowieckie Province
Autorzy:
Kaliszewski, A.
Młynarski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
nadlesnictwa
ochrona przyrody
ochrona bioroznorodnosci
koszty bezposrednie
zrodla finansowania
woj.mazowieckie
public funds
subsidies
forest policy
Opis:
The paper analyses direct costs of nature conservation and biodiversity protection incurred by forest districts of the State Forests in the Mazowieckie Province in the period 2008−2011. It also examines sources of their financing. The study shows that the largest amount of money – 65% of all costs – was spent on a wide range of activities related to biodiversity protection. The most significant fund donors were forest districts themselves. They provided 68.3% of all resources for nature conservation and biodiversity protection. The research also shows that funds received for these purposes from the state budget are rather of secondary importance.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 07; 491-498
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polityka leśna państwa pruskiego na obecnych ziemiach polskich w latach 1772-1914
Forest policy of Prussian state in the contemporary Polish lands in years 1772-1914
Autorzy:
Jażdżewski, K.
Modrzejewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/993803.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
historia
Prusy
lasy
polityka lesna
zabor pruski
lata 1772-1914
forest policy
history of forestry
industrialization
prussia
Opis:
Article describes Prussian forest policy according to three kinds of property: state, private and other, i.e. Catholic Church and local communities. In period 1772−1914, in the contemporary western and northern Poland, the Prussian government realized the forest policy that was a response to industrial challenges. It established a stable infrastructure, which lasts until now. However, the consequences of this policy are not unequivocal. Citizens who belonged to the Polish national community very often lost their forest property. Prussian state became the main owner and manager as well as administrator of forests.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2013, 157, 01; 63-70
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kształtowanie krajobrazu rolniczego a polityka leśna państwa
The management of agricultural landscape and the national policy on forests
Autorzy:
Ryszkowski, L.
Bałazy, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
polityka lesna
krajobraz rolniczy
Polska
zadrzewienia
ksztaltowanie krajobrazu
agricultural landscape management
forest policy
augmentation of forest cover
afforestation
mid−field woodlots
biogeochemical barriers
sustainable development
integration
Opis:
The National Policy on Forests and the National Programme for the Augmentation of Forest Cover indicate regional needs, possibilities, legal and financial principles of afforestations as the most important elements of the improvement and maintenance of a good state of the country's environment. The documents put emphasis on the need for the establishment and restoration of afforestations between fields, however, neither the guidelines for their legal and administrative status nor sources of financing have been indicated. In many regions of the country, the large−scale afforestation are almost impossible, because high−quality soils are under agricultural production and the local communities lack the alternative means of living. Thus, the mid−field afforestations of a linear or small−surface type could be the only elements differentiating the landscape structure and acting as biogeochemical barriers. Their network perform the same complementary protective functions as forests or other semi−natural ecosystems. With a view to economising expenditures and intensifying effects aiming at the environment protection it is necessary to closely integrate the countryside environmental programmes including the establishment of biogeochemical barriers and afforestations. The principles of such integration and co−ordination of pro−ecological programmes of the landscape structure management should be laid down under a separate research project.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 10; 82-90
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cele i priorytety "Polityki leśnej państwa" w świetle porozumień procesu Forest Europe (dawniej MCPFE)
Goals and priorities of the "National Forest Policy" in the light of the Forest Europe (formerly MCPFE) commitments
Autorzy:
Kaliszewski, A.
Gil, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/987081.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
polityka lesna
kierunki rozwoju
priorytety
proces Forest Europe
Ministerialny Proces Ochrony Lasow w Europie
Ministerialny Proces Ochrony Lasow w Europie zob.tez proces Forest Europe
proces Forest Europe zob.tez Ministerialny Proces Ochrony Lasow w Europie
forest policy
forest europe (mcpfe)
national forest programme
policy analysis
Opis:
The ‘National Forest Policy' (PLP), adopted by the Council of Ministers in 1997, is the main document setting out directions of forestry development in Poland. It defines goals and priorities of forest policy, describes organizational, economic and legal conditions of its implementation and specifies expected results. While the natural, social, economic, institutional and legal environ− ment has significantly changed over the last 20 years, the PLP has not been revised and updated, also in terms of Poland's international commitments resulting from the MCPFE (currently Forest Europe) process. The aim of the paper is to analyse directions of forest policy development under the Forest Europe after 1997, i.e. when the PLP came into force, and to indicate needs to update the issues contained in this document. The study focuses on goals and priorities of the MCPFE defined in resolutions and decisions adopted on conferences held from 1998 (Lisbon) to 2015 (Madrid). Overall 15 main directions on forest policy development were identified (tab. 2). They were then compared with the priorities defined in the PLP to identify issues to be updated in the context of the European forest policy change. The study shows that many of the priorities of European forest policy has not been reflected in the PLP (tab. 2). These include, among others, adapting forests to climate change and enhancing their mitigation potential, enhancing economic contribution of the sustainable forest management (SFM) into rural development, enhancing the role of the SFM in a green economy, securing participation of all stakeholders in forest−related decision−making process, improving communication in forestry and developing cross−sectoral cooperation of forestry. Many of the forest−related issues have been, however, included in numerous strategic documents of environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, rural development, economic development or energy policies after 1997. In that way many goals and priorities defined under the Forest Europe are very dispersed in Polish policy documents of different forest−related sectors and it raises reasonable concern that some inconsistencies and contradictions between them may occur. It may also indicate that the forest sector is getting more and more marginalized in socioeconomic and political space, as forest policy goals are defined and achieved within other areas. We therefore recommend to continue efforts to adopt the National Forest Programme and launch a participatory, holistic, inter−sectoral and iterative process of forest policy planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2017, 161, 08; 648-658
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zróżnicowanie zagęszczenia oraz preferencji siedliskowych zajęcy w warunkach obwodu łowieckiego położonego na Wyżynie Lubelskiej
Variability of density and habitat preferences of brown hare in hunting district located in the Lublin Upland
Autorzy:
Flis, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lowiectwo
zwierzeta lowne
zajace
liczebnosc populacji
zageszczenie populacji
rozmieszczenie przestrzenne
preferencje siedliskowe
obwody lowieckie
Osrodek Hodowli Zwierzyny Wierzchowiska
Wyzyna Lubelska
afforestation
forest policy
rural development
agricultural policy
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to present the status of the implementation of the National Program of the Forest Cover Extension (KPZL) in the period 1995−2013, and analyse the results of the survey on the major factors limiting the Program's execution after Poland entered the European Union in 2004. The study is based on the official statistical data and a mail questionnaire survey carried out in all local public authorities all over the country. Altogether 203 responses out of 380 public authority units were collected (53.4%). Since the beginning of the 1990s, the area of agricultural lands afforested annually was successively increasing, reaching its peak in 2003 (26.5 thous. ha). Since 2004 however, the annual rate of afforestation has been rapidly decreasing, and reached 4.1 thous. ha in 2013. Since 2001, altogether 159.3 thous. ha of agricultural lands were afforested, which amounted to 40% of the target defined in the KPZL. The spatial differentiation of the Program execution is very high, and, as a rule, there are too few new forests established in areas of the acute afforestation needs, i.e. in central and southern parts of the country. The most important obstacles in the KPZL implementation after Poland's accession to the European Union include: enlargement of the minimal plot area supported with the afforestation premium from 0.1 ha to 0.3 ha in 2004 and up to 0.5 ha in 2007, lack of financial support for afforestation of lands within Natura 2000 areas, which are not yet covered by protection plans, high competitiveness of direct payments for agricultural production compared to afforestation premium, as well as complicated procedures for granting financial support, scarcity of promotion of financial support for afforestation among farmers and trainings for them, and an exclusion of permanent grasslands from afforestation. The study shows that the current rate of afforestation is insufficient for reaching the general target defined in the KPZL (afforestation of 680 thousand ha of lands in the period 2001−2020). The breakdown in the program implementation seems to be an unexpected outcome of Poland accession to the EU and results from ongoing economic and social transformation in rural areas. The main factors influencing its depression appear to be long−term, thus it is rather unlikely that the unfavorable trends in the rate of afforestation may become reversed in the coming years.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 10; 846-854
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczne i ekonomiczne uwarunkowania realizacji publicznych funkcji lasu w Państwowym Gospodarstwie Leśnym Lasy Państwowe
Social and economic conditions for providing public forest services in the State Forests National Forest Holding
Autorzy:
Gołos, P.
Kaliszewski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989401.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
gospodarka lesna
Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
lasy panstwowe
funkcje publiczne
funkcje pozaprodukcyjne
funkcje ochronne
funkcje spoleczne
realizacja
uwarunkowania spoleczne
uwarunkowania ekonomiczne
non−timber forest services
costs and incomes
forest economy
opportunity costs
forest policy
Opis:
The objective of the study was to present the social and economic conditions needed for provision of public forest functions by the State Forests National Forest Holding (PGL LP) managing the great majority of forests of the national property in Poland. The analysis was restricted to the selected protection functions (water and soil protection, protection of air and wildlife) and to the social functions (recreational and educational). Based on the analysis of four social factors (increasing social awareness, demographic changes in Poland, growing wealth of Polish society and social preferences towards forest functions) and three economic factors (increasing costs of forest management including labour costs and decreasing productive capacities of forestry), a number of conditions decisive for further directions of public sphere development in forestry as well as mutual relations between two main areas of PGL LP activities (timber production function and the most important non−timber forest and forest management functions) were developed. The obtained results indicate that in the nearest decades the PGL LP will implement forest management close to the limits of economic efficiency, which first of all will depend on the social factors. Necessary conditions will be interlinked with political expectations towards the forests as an important element of climate policy and also towards timber from forests as a source of renewable energy. Presented factors will occur in conditions of further diversification of competency in the field of nature protection within forests as well as persisting tendency towards diminishing area of productive forests. Resolving the conflict between multiple unfavourable for the forest economy social, political and environmental circumstances could come through economic solutions such as development of internal timber market and increasing timber prices.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 02; 91-99
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EQUITY ISSUANCE AND CORPORATE DIVIDEND POLICY IN EMERGING ECONOMY CONTEXT
Autorzy:
Rohov, Heorhiy
Solesvik, Marina Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453403.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
dividend policy
emission policy
random forest algorithm
Ukraine
Opis:
This article explores links between the size of a company, industrial sector in which a company operates, concentration of capital, size of business and emission and dividend policy in the Ukrainian corporate sector. Guided by insights from the bird-in-hand theory, clientele theory, signaling theory, and agency theory, we justify factors that determine the choice of shares’ placement by Ukrainian public joint stock companies and forming of their dividend policy related to the current operating conditions of the Ukrainian corporate sector. Using mathematical approach of tree classification construction in the form of random forest algorithm, we found out that maximization of the share capital value, that is involved in shares issuance of Ukrainian PJSCs, is not a priority for owners of corporate rights. 86.1 per cent of companies have selected private placements of shares. In the non-financial sector, 87.5 per cent of companies opted private placements. The study revealed also only a small share (3.5%) of Ukrainian joint stock companies paid dividends to shareholders. However, the dividend policy of Ukrainian joint stock companies changed when they listed their shares on foreign stock markets. In this case two thirds of explored firms paid dividends.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2016, 17, 4; 114-137
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forest development and conservation policy in Poland
Autorzy:
Szramka, Hubert
Adamowicz, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest management
forestry policy
environmental protection
forestry protection
Opis:
Whilst, in many countries, the scale of forest loss from business-as-usual development is immense, in Poland, this problem does not exist. However, obtaining additional land areas for afforestation is a main issue in Poland. In Poland, after the World War II, the forest area has been systematically growing. In 1945, the forest area was about 6.5 million ha, and the forest cover was 21%. In 2016, the forest area reached 9.2 million ha, and forest cover amounted to 29.5%. Today, there are 0.24 ha of forests per one inhabitant of Poland. The size of wood resources in stands is also changing. In 1945, forest resources on the trunk amounted to approximately 906 million m3 , and in 2016, it reached 2.4 million m3. The problem, however, is the uneven distribution of forests in Poland. Forests in Poland are very strictly protected by law. There are two most important acts, Forest Act of 2001 and Nature Conservation Act of 2004, that regulate principles for the retention, protection and augmentation of forest resources. Over the past decades in Poland, the social demands regarding non-economical functions of forest such as recreational activities, soil and water protection and mitigation of global warming became an important and constantly growing challenge for forest managers. Thus we suggest that, first of all, it is very important to extract the leading function for a given forest area. Interactions between development and conservations policies are very tied and may suggest the need of their integration. In this article, we present the concept of development policy for forest management and forest protection in Poland.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2020, 62, 1; 31-38
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
REALIZACJA ZALESIEŃ GRUNTÓW ROLNYCH ORAZ GRUNTÓW INNYCH NIŻ ROLNE W RAMACH PROW 2007-2013
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Sławomir
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/447008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Mazowiecka Uczelnia Publiczna w Płocku
Tematy:
Common Agricultural Policy
farming
converting into forest agricultural lands
Opis:
With purpose of converting the arable land into forest and other ground than enlarging wooded areas and holding and improving the ecological stability are agricultural of wooded areas by reducingthe fragmentation of forest complexes and building eco-friendly corridors. Moreover they expect increasing the participation of forests in global balance of coal and the restriction of climate change. Afforestation rates on lands of the weak quality have an economic justification on account of their low productivity and simultaneously are doing good for keeping the biodiversity.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe PWSZ w Płocku. Nauki Ekonomiczne; 2014, 19
1644-888X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe PWSZ w Płocku. Nauki Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porównanie struktury przestrzennej potrzeby dolesienia gmin z roku 1980 w Polsce z lesistością w 2016 r.
Comparison of the spatial structure of municipalities in need for afforestation in the year 1980 in Poland with the area of land under forest cover in 2016
Autorzy:
Siuta, J.
Żukowski, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400486.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
lesistość w gminach
niedobór lesistości
nieefektywne grunty rolne
polityka zalesieniowa państwa
forest cover in municipalities
forest cover deficiency
ineffective agricultural land
afforestation policy of the State
Opis:
Struktura rolno-leśnej przestrzeni w Polsce jest wadliwa, zwłaszcza w środkowo-wschodniej części Polski. Przejawia się to najbardziej na tle jakości struktury przestrzennej pokrywy glebowej. Najsłabsze gleby piaskowe tworzą siedliska leśne, a w rolniczym użytkowaniu przeobrażają się łatwo w ruchome piaski, z wydmami włącznie. Na podstawie wskaźników waloryzacji rolniczej przestrzeni produkcyjnej powierzchnie gleb żytnich bardzo słabych i słabych (nieefektywnych gruntów rolnych) oraz lesistości wyliczono wskaźniki niedoboru lasu i lesistości optymalnej oraz opracowano i opublikowano mapę w skali 1: 1 000 000 „Polska potrzeby dolesień” według gmin w roku 1980. W roku 2016 na podstawie danych z ewidencji gruntów, opracowano mapę lesistości aktualnej, w celu porównania jej z lesistością optymalną w roku 1980. Ze względu na objętość danych liczbowych, analizie porównawczej poddano część gmin w województwach: 1) mazowieckim i łódzkim o bardzo dużym niedoborze lasu, 2) kieleckim o względnym niedoborze lasu, 3) lubuskim i pomorskim o bardzo dużej lesistości, 4) warmińsko-mazurskim o dużej lesistości. Przedstawiono strukturę przestrzenną wzrostu lesistości w latach 1980–2016 w znacznej części gmin na terenie 6 województw. Stwierdzono, że mimo realizacji krajowych programów zwiększenia lesistości w latach 1980–2016 obszary o bardzo dużym niedoborze lasów, tylko w nieznacznym stopniu pomniejszyły niedobór. Natomiast obszary o lesistości optymalnej wydatnie zwiększyły ich rozmiar.
The structure of agro-forest space in Poland is faulty, especially in the central-eastern part of Poland. This is most evident when compared to the quality of the spatial structure of the soil cover. The poorest sandy soils make up quite good forest habitats, whereas under agricultural use, they are easily transformed into moving sands, including sand dunes. On the basis of indices which valuate the agricultural production area – the areas of very weak and weak rye soils (inefficient agricultural land) – and forest cover – the indicators of forest cover deficiency and optimum forest cover – were calculated, and the map in the scale 1: 1 000 000 “Poland – needs for afforestation”, presenting the country divided into municipalities, was published in 1980. In 2016, based on the land registration data, a current forest cover map was compiled in order to compare it with the optimal forest cover in 1980. Owing to the volume of numerical data, a comparative analysis was performed for certain municipalities in the following voivodships: 1) Mazowieckie and Lodzkie with a considerable deficiency of woodland, 2) Kieleckie with a relative scarcity of forest cover, 3) Lubuskie and Pomorskie with a very extensive forest cover and Warmińsko-Mazurskie with an extensive forest cover. The spatial structure of the forest cover increase between the years 1980–2016 was presented in a large number of municipalities in six voivodeships. It was found that despite the implementation of national forest extension programs between the years 1980 and 2016, there was only slight a increase in forest cover in the areas with a very large forest deficiency. On the other hand, there was a significant increase in forest cover in the areas with an optimal forest cover.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2017, 18, 5; 40-57
2081-139X
2392-0629
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odtwarzając las – odtwarzając państwo. Esej o zalesianiu
Restoring the Forest—Restoring the State: An Essay on Forestation
Autorzy:
Konczal, Agata A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2135660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-09-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
forest
state
afforestation
environmental anthropology
environmental history
ecological policy
las
państwo
zalesianie
antropologia środowiskowa
historia środowiskowa
polityka ekologiczna
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy relacji państwo – las i tego, jak i kiedy państwo tworzy dyskursy na temat lasu, tak aby służyły jego bieżącym celom i aktualnej polityce. Jest to studium przypadku państwa polskiego i jego podejścia do praktyk odnawiania lasów (ang. forest restoration). Przyglądając się minionym działaniom od roku 1918, za pomocą których polskie państwo odtwarzało las, tekst śledzi praktyki dyskursywnej nacjonalizacji lasów. Łącząc perspektywę historyczną ze współczesnymi dyskusjami na temat odnowy ekosystemów leśnych w ramach Unii Europejskiej i globalnych agend, tekst proponuje refleksję na temat relacji władzy wpisanych i ucieleśnianych przez działania związane z zarządzaniem przyrodą. Tekst dotyka szerszej refleksji na temat zarządzania przyrodą i wpisanych w nie relacje władzy, a także analizuje to, jak „środowisko” i kwestie dotyczące środowiska skonstruowane zostały jako dziedziny wymagające regulacji i ochrony państwa. Artykuł, skupiając się na sadzeniu, a nie na wycinaniu lasów, opisuje zastosowanie narzędzi polityki zarządzania środowiskiem w celu utrzymania władzy nad dyskursywnymi i materialnymi działaniami w odniesieniu do krajobrazu przez państwa i/lub międzynarodowe agendy. Ramą spinającą refleksje tego eseju jest polityka ekologiczna połączona z historią i antropologią środowiskową.
This article looks at the state/forest relationship and how and when the state creates discourses about the forest to serve its current objectives and policies. It is a case study of the Polish state and its approach to forest restoration practices. Looking at past actions since 1918 through which the Polish state has restored the forest, the text traces the discursive practices of forest nationalisation. Combining historical perspectives with contemporary discussions of forest restoration within the European Union and global institutions, the text offers an analysis of the power relations inscribed and embodied in nature management activities. The text touches upon a broader reflection on nature management and the power relations inscribed and embodied within it and examines how “the environment” and environmental issues have been constructed as domains requiring state regulation and protection. Focusing on planting rather than deforestation, the article describes the use of environmental governance policy tools to maintain power over discursive and material actions in relation to the landscape by states and/or international institutions. This article is framed within environmental politics, combined with environmental history and anthropology.
Źródło:
Porównania; 2022, 31, 1; 39-62
1733-165X
Pojawia się w:
Porównania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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