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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1216
Tytuł:
Spatial Variability of Forest Fires in the Polish Voivodeships in the Period of 2009-2018
Autorzy:
Podawca, Konrad
Pawłat-Zawrzykraj, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839196.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
forest fire
fire statistics
fire risk
Opis:
The article deals with the issue of forest fire risk and regional differentiation of this phenomenon in Poland. A set of indicators characterizing forest fires in voivodeships (equivalent of provinces) was developed, including: area indicators, variability indicators, 10-year indicators, normalized indicators and a synthetic indicator. The study is based on the data for the years 2009-2018 provided by the Local Data Bank. Assessment of the severity of forest fires phenomena in the analysed period was presented. The results of the assessment were compared to theoretically designated fire risk categories. Areas where the actual number of fires, average area and the burned area were adequate to the forecasted degree of fire risk were indicated. Additionally, the obtained results allowed to identify the voivodeships where the characteristics of forest fires for the analysed period differed from the forest fire risk degree found in the literature. This indicates the complex nature of the phenomenon resulting from, inter alia, large variability of factors that determine the occurrence of forest fires. An example of such a situation is the Lubuskie Voivodeship which is assigned to the medium fire risk category, while the actual intensity was found to be low. Another example is the Podkarpackie Voivodeship with a medium and low fire risk, where over the past 10 years the intensity of the phenomenon was high.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 3; 266-274
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fire occurrence mapping for providing the risk analyses and fire investigation purposes
Autorzy:
Galla, Štefan
Nejedlý, Alexander
Celleng, Stanislav
Miškovičová, Veronika
Majlingová, Andrea
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878636.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
Fire
fire risk
fire investigation
GIS
spatial analysis
Opis:
In the paper, there are introduced the results of analysis of fire occurrence data and a map of spatial distribution of fire occurrence in the territory of Presov region in period 2004 - 2013. To provide the analysis was necessary to build a fire geodatabase, which contained the data that are collected at the Fire Research Institute since 1996. To visualize the data on fire occurrence we used the cartogram built in the ArcGIS environment. The results of such analysis are necessary as for providing the fire risk analyses as for fire investigation purposes.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2014, 11(11); 32-42
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shooting control
Autorzy:
Łukowski, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/348157.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
shooting control
fire control
effective fire
fire fight
shooting instruction
Opis:
The article presents proposals for changes in terminology related to fire control, which has been fully embedded in the general theory of management. Particular attention is given to replacing the commonly used term “fire control” by “shooting control”. There are pointed issues, which may be taken into account in the new instructions for artillery shooting control.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki; 2017, 1; 82-95
1731-8157
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe / Wyższa Szkoła Oficerska Wojsk Lądowych im. gen. T. Kościuszki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odporność ogniowa drewna klejonego
Glulam fire resistance
Autorzy:
Iarova, N.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134802.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
ADVSEO
Tematy:
glulam
charring
fire resistance
fire protection
Opis:
Structural glued laminated timber (glulam) is a modern building material, which is very popular in the modern construction industry because of its durability, beautiful appearance, economic and ecological parameters, and the most important, of its fire resistance, which can be designed according to the calculation methods of fire resistance for wood. One of the main aspects in the construction industry is to ensure the safety of a building. Fire safety was designed for buildings in general and for building materials which were used for the construction. One of the most important characteristics of glulam is fire resistance - its ability to meet the requirements of fire protection in fire conditions. Fire resistance is a period of time in which the structural member can save its power and integrity under influence of fire. Glued laminated timber is primarily used as supporting material and acts as a main structural element. Once a wood catches fire it typically develops char, which insulates the wood, slowly extinguishes fire and protects the core of the wood preserving properties of the structural material, which is a significant advantage compared to other construction materials.
Źródło:
Technical Issues; 2016, 1; 30-36
2392-3954
Pojawia się w:
Technical Issues
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fire safety instructions as a tool supporting rescue operations in workplaces
Autorzy:
Jędrzejas, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1166992.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
fire detection
fire safety instructions
internal fire
rescue operations
support tools
Opis:
Fire safety instruction is an integral part of the safety of people staying in the building in case of fire. Created in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration of 7 June 2010, the Ministry of Interior and Administration regarding fire protection of buildings, other construction objects and sites and implemented in the building for which it was developed is a helpful tool that can significantly affect the effectiveness and safety of emergency operations.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 105; 110-121
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectiveness of forest fire security systems in Poland
Autorzy:
Grajewski, S. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101173.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
forest fire
forest fire risk
forest fire protection
forest fire security
State Forests National Forest Holding
Opis:
It has been estimated that over 80% of forest areas in Poland is threatened with fire. Due to the number of fires and burned area, Poland is counted to the group of European countries where fires break out the most frequently. On average, each year and mostly because of human activity, almost 8.5 thousand fires break out resulting in over 7 thousand ha of burned forest area. Many scientists forecast that the climate warming, decline in precipitation amount and prolonging rainless periods will enhance fire risk in forests, which will translate itself not only into an increase in the number of fires, but also will favour their intensive spreading. The aim of presented paper is estimating the operational efficiency of the fire protection system in Polish forests and the effectiveness of fire extinguishing actions in forests, but also recognition of the effect of the forest area management type on fire statistics. Following data series were investigated: of the number of fires, the burned forest area and average fire area for the years 1990-2016 for the forests under the management of the State Forests National Forest Holding (State Forests NFH) and other managements. Determined trends were analysed by means of Mann-Kendall non-parametric test. A mean area of forest fire was assumed as the main measure of forest fire protection system effectiveness. The area was compared with the other European countries, Canada and the USA. Despite a lack of a tendency for decreasing number of fires in Poland, which is noted in Europe, taking into account a low value and a statistically significant downward trend for average fire area, forest protection and the effectiveness of extinguishing actions in Polish forests should be regarded as very good. The exception are forests remaining beyond the management of the State Forests NFH, where the upward trend for the number of forest fires is alarming.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/2; 1563-1576
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ognezasitnye i ognetusasie vesestva dla inzenernoj zasity i likvidacii pozarov
Fire retardants and extinguishing agents for engineering protection and fire suppression
Autorzy:
Ulasevich, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/373018.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
Tematy:
bio-fire protective lacquer
fire protective coating
fire safety
foam agent
Opis:
It were developed and tested methods of experimental determination of resistance to aging of fire protective coatings for wood, wood materials and metal, and retention time determination of fire-resistance rating of impregnating compositions for wood and strength of fire-resistant wood. Developments of fire protective coatings - paint OK-DM and bio-fire protective lacquer LDO-11 with minimal material costs increase the level of fire safety, while maintaining the aesthetic features in wood products and materials based on it. It was synthesized and tested the highly effective fluoro-containing foam agent "Film-forming barrier", allowing to optimize the cost of fire protection at improving its reliability and efficiency.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza; 2012, 3; 35-38
1895-8443
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aktualnye problemy pozarnoj bezopasnosti i grazdanskoj zasity v Ukraine
Current problems associated with fire safety and Civil Defence in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Kovalyshyn, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/373790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
Tematy:
ochrona przeciwpożarowa
pożar
sprzęt przeciwpożarowy
fire
fire equipmen
fire safety protection
Opis:
Omówiona została działalność Ukraińskiego Naukowo Badawczego Instytutu Obrony Cywilnej na współczesnym etapie rozwoju. Omówiono zasady działalności instytutu i uzyskanych efektów. Określono kierunki priorytetowe rozwoju instytutu, jako centrum nowych technologii i innowacyjnych rozwiązań.
The article describes activities of the Ukrainian Civil Protection Research Institute in its current stage of development. Additionally, it identifies the Institute's operating parameters and results achieved to date. Directions for the future include developing the Institute as a centre for new technologies and as a provider of innovative solutions.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza; 2013, 1; 35-42
1895-8443
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fire Detection Methods Based on Various Color Spaces and Gaussian Mixture Models
Autorzy:
Munshi, Amr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2123292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
fire detection
fire pixels
fire-like pixels
color models
Gaussian mixture models
Opis:
Fire disasters are very serious problems that may cause damages to ecological systems, infrastructure, properties, and even a threat to human lives; therefore, detecting fires at their earliest stage is of importance. Inspired by the technological advancements in artificial intelligence and image processing in solving problems in different applications, this encourages adopting those technologies in reducing the damage and harm caused by fire. This study attempts to propose an intelligent fire detection method by investigating three approaches to detect fire based on three different color models: RGB, YCbCr, and HSV are presented. The RGB method is applied based on the relationship among the red, green and blue values of pixels in images. In the YCbCr color model, image processing and machine learning techniques are used for morphological processing and automatic recognition of fire images. Whereas for the HSV supervised machine learning techniques are adopted, namely decision rule and Gaussian mixture model (GMM). Further, the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is deployed for the GMM parameters estimation. The three proposed models were tested on two data sets, one of which contains fire images, the other consists of non-fire images with some having fire-like colors to test the efficiency of the proposed methods. The experimental results showed that the overall accuracies on two data sets for the RGB, YCbCr, and HSV methods were satisfactory and were efficient in detecting outdoor and indoor fires.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 3; 197--214
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ryzyko pożaru w budynkach mieszkalnych w Polsce w latach 2000-2010
Victims of Fires and Local Threats that Took Place in Residential Buildings in Poland in 2000-2010
Autorzy:
Konciak, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/587630.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
Bezpieczeństwo pożarowe
Ryzyko pożarowe
Zagrożenie pożarowe
Fire hazard
Fire risk
Fire safety
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono skutki osobowe pożarów mieszkań w Polsce w latach 2000-2010. Każdego roku traci w nich życie ok. 500 osób. Większość to ofiary pożarów mieszkań, z czego 60-70% tych przypadków to ofiary zetknięcia z dymami i toksycznymi produktami spalania. W artykule zaprezentowano przyczyny tak dużych strat osobowych oraz zaproponowano rozwiązanie, które znacząco przyczyni się do poprawy bezpieczeństwa mieszkańców.
The article presents the personal effects of fire in the years 2000-2010. Each year lose their lives in fires about 500 people. Most victims of fires, falls on the flats, of which 60-70% of these cases the victim is in contact with the fumes and toxic combustion products. The article presents the reasons for such high casualties, and proposes a solution that will significantly contribute to improving the safety of residents.
Źródło:
Studia Ekonomiczne; 2015, 248; 134-149
2083-8611
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Using tanks for idirect fire – an attempt to reactivate training
Autorzy:
Koniuk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30147028.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Wojsk Lądowych imienia generała Tadeusza Kościuszki
Tematy:
shooting
tanks
indirect fire
covert fire position
Opis:
Indirect fire is a domain of artillery. Tanks due to their combat capabilities (mobility, hit resistance and accuracy of fire) were hardly used for such type of tasks, although being prepared from constructional point of view. Nevertheless, evaluation of a concept of tanks utilization in a battlefield frequently oscillated around a support of infantry or just operation support. Closing down and ceasing development of artillery units as a result of the Polish Armed Forces’ transformation led to a situation under which the lack of an adequately intensive artillery fire significantly affecting support of first echelon units can be faced during real operations. For this reason, the General Command of Branches of Armed Forces bearing in mind tanks’ capability of fulfilling the aforementioned task decided to reactivate the competence of indirect fire by tanks’ crews, especially because the execution of this task was terminated at the beginning of the 1990s. The article presents the analysis of documents in force related to conducting indirect fire by a tank subunit and characteristics of individual undertakings required for preparation of a subunit to fulfil above-mentioned tasks based on the experience gained by a tank battalion of the 15th Mechanized Brigade in Gizycko, as well as realization of numerous organizational projects necessary for shooting preparation and fire control execution during fulfillment of this type of fire tasks. Results of practical indirect fire execution by tanks lead to constructive observations referred to achieving high results of an accurate indirect fire by tanks and implementing changes in documents which normalize training and shooting processes, adjusting an organizational portion of the project to the current organizational structures of tank and artillery subunits and to correlations resulting from this fact. The article also inclines to discussion regarding the direction of changes indispensable for conducting the indirect fire by tanks and the rationale of the execution of these tasks in a contemporary battlefield.
Źródło:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces; 2018, 50, 4(190); 30-44
2544-7122
2545-0719
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Projektowanie konstrukcji budowlanych z uwagi na warunki pożarowe jako podstawa bezpieczeństwa ludzi i mienia w czasie pożaru obiektu budowlanego
Designing of building structures for fire conditions as a basis of people and estate during fire of building
Autorzy:
Grabias, M.
Halicka, A.
Snela, M.
Szerafin, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/390772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
pożar
pożar obliczeniowy
klasa odporności ogniowej
bezpieczeństwo pożarowe
fire
design fire
class of fire resistance
fire safety
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono istotę i podstawy metod projektowania konstrukcji budowlanych z uwagi na warunki pożarowe. Wskazano na wpływ temperatur pożarowych na powstanie dodatkowych oddziaływań oraz na zmiany parametrów materiałowych przekroju. Zwrócono uwagę na specyfikę zachowania się konstrukcji żelbetowych, murowych, stalowych i drewnianych w warunkach pożaru.
In the paper the ideas and basics of methods for designing of building structures under the fire conditions are presented. The influence of fire temperatures on the occurrence of additional actions on the one hand and the changes in material parameters on the other hand is mentioned. The attention is paid to specific behaviour of concrete, masonry, timber and steel structures in fire.
Źródło:
Budownictwo i Architektura; 2016, 15, 3; 21-28
1899-0665
Pojawia się w:
Budownictwo i Architektura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mathematical model of the optimization of fire extinguishing time length in the woodworking enterprises` workshops
Autorzy:
Hulida, E.
Koval, O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410712.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
mathematical model
optimization
isolation
fire liquidation
fire extinguishing agent
fire extinguishing equipment
Opis:
On the grounds of an analysis of the existing criteria of decision making during the fire extinguishing organization process the differential criteria is recommended for solving the optimization mathematical models. The mathematical model of the optimization of fire extinguishing time length in the woodworking enterprises` workshops is developed; it is based on the determination of a fire area during the time of its unobstructed development, the amount of the devices for the fire extinguishing agent supply, the amount of the fire and salvage units (hereinafter FSU), equipment and evacuation facilities, the duration of the fire isolation and extinguishing as well as its final liquidation. The Monte Carlo method is used for solving the mathematical optimization model. The solving of the mathematical optimization model is conducted by applying the computer hardware and application program package, written in C++ language.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2015, 4, 1; 39-43
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MOŽNOSTI PRÍPRAVY ČLENOV DOBROVOĽNÝCH HASIČSKÝCH ZBOROV
Autorzy:
Turac, Jozef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/508692.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
fire brigades
volunteer fire department municipalities
training
Opis:
Voluntary fire protection in Slovakia currently records development in organizational, financial, professional and legislative terms. The intervention of these fire brigades, the willingness to help others with self-esteem, and the will to learn, is a positive response and interest in their activities among the Fire and Rescue Corps, as well as in the professional and laic public. However, there are still gaps, inconsistencies and inadequate legislative basis for this issue in the field of training of members of voluntary fire brigades. These are the inconsistencies between the content of the basic and the improvement of the training of the members of the fire-fighting units, the area of safety and health at work is no longer reworked within the specialized and cyclical training of members and employees.
Źródło:
Security, Economy & Law; 2018, 1/2018 (XVIII)
2353-0669
Pojawia się w:
Security, Economy & Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Specific Activity of Radionuclides in Soils Disturbed by Forest Fires
Autorzy:
Popovych, Vasyl
Henyk, Yaroslav
Gapalo, Andriy
Bosak, Pavlo
Popovych, Nataliya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2105292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
forest fire
fire danger
radionuclides
soil pollution
Opis:
Fires in natural ecosystems have a detrimental effect on all biota components. In the global scale, many scientific studies of prominent scientists are devoted to this topic. It should be noted that scientists have always been interested in the influence of thermal destruction of soil genetic horizons on the specific activity of radionuclides. Most of these studies began after the Chernobyl (1986) and Fukushima (2011) radiation disasters. The conducted research is focused on the specific activity of radionuclides due to the thermal effects of fires in natural ecosystems. It has been established that the edaphotopes affected by fires are naturally restored causing the restoration of soil formation processes. The specific activity of radionuclides decreases with the duration of the ground fire. Comparing the obtained data with the regulatory documentation, it was found that they do not exceed the minimum significant activity of radionuclides in the workplace. However, the increased activity of radionuclides in soils has a detrimental effect on the ecological condition and flora and fauna development. During the fire season in natural ecosystems and forests, careless handling of fire should be avoided and preventive measures should be taken to inform the public about the harmful effects of wildfire.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 6; 265--270
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 1216

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