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    Wyświetlanie 1-7 z 7
    Tytuł:
    Understanding social pathology of disease causation and socio-cultural factors of corona virus (COVID-19) in South-West, Nigeria
    Autorzy:
    Aluko-Arowolo, Sola
    Ogunbote, Olugbenga O.
    Edun, Taiwo
    Akinolaj, Lanre
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030725.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-31
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
    Tematy:
    Covid-19
    Microbe infection
    Ethno-religious
    Social pathology
    fatalism
    Opis:
    The new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) started in Wuhan City of China on December 31st 2019As at August 3,2020 a total of 18,056,310 million cases had been diagnosed globally with over 689,219 deaths with cases in Nigeria snowballing gradually becoming lethal. Given Nigeria’s socio-economic and demographic significance to African continent, it is imperative to understand the cultural norms that may aid or obstructs prevention and treatment of the disease in order to halt its transmission. Data for study came from the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control and other publicly available data sources supported with PEN-3 cultural model developed in 1989 by Airhihenbuwa. The model places culture at the core of the development, implementation and evaluation of successful public health interventions. COVID-19 transmission increases with large population concentration in urban areas and proximity to major entry points to other adjacent states and countries. The paper suggested that dominant cultures, civilization and religious practices should be adhered to, adopted as the case may be for restrictions such physical distancing, hand hygiene, use of face masks and another prophylactic regimen to flatten the curve of the pandemic in Nigeria and likely occurrence of similar disease in future.
    Źródło:
    Reality of Politics; 2022, 19; 7-24
    2082-3959
    Pojawia się w:
    Reality of Politics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Kant i Leibniz o fatalizmie i ślepej konieczności
    Kant and Leibniz on fatalism and blind necessity
    Autorzy:
    Kozyra, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1621525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    Kant
    Leibniz
    fatalism
    blind necessity
    freedom
    determinism
    Kan
    fatalizm
    ślepa konieczność
    wolność
    determinizm
    Opis:
    W artykule odpowiadam na pytanie, czym jest fatalizm i ślepa konieczność w filozofii Kanta i Leibniza. W szczególności interesuje mnie to, co dokładnie czyni konieczność „ślepą”, według tych myślicieli. W tym kontekście omawiam kwestię tego, czy „oświecenie” konieczności oznacza obniżenie jej stopnia. Na to pytanie odpowiadam negatywnie. Co do fatalizmu, to pokazuję, że odrzucenie tego poglądu przez Kanta i Leibniza powinno być raczej brane za wyraz roztropności niż filozofii. Zgodnie z tym pokazuję, czego nie pociąga za sobą ich negacja doktryny fatalizmu. Poza tym twierdzę, że rozjaśnienie znaczenia takich pojęć jak fatum, fatalizm i ślepa konieczność u Kanta i Leibniza stanowi dogodny „punkt obserwacyjny” dla zrozumienia ich – skądinąd różnych, rzecz jasna – koncepcji wolności.
    The paper attempts to answer the question what is fatalism and blind necessity in the philosophical doctrines of Kant and Leibniz. My concern is with what precisely makes the necessity “blind”, according to these thinkers. In connection with this, I discuss the issue whether to “enlighten” necessity means to lower its degree. I answer this question in the negative. As to fatalism, I show that Kant’s and Leibniz’s denial of it should rather be taken for an expression of prudence than philosophy. Accordingly, I say what this denial entails but, more importantly, what it does not entail. In general, I argue that making it clear what such concepts like fatum, fatalism and blind necessity mean in Kant and Leibniz is a good landmark for a revised understudying of their – otherwise different, of course – conceptions of freedom.
    Źródło:
    Analiza i Egzystencja; 2020, 51; 23-43
    1734-9923
    2300-7621
    Pojawia się w:
    Analiza i Egzystencja
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    God’s Foreknowledge, Human Freedom, and the Asymmetry of Openness
    Boska przedwiedza, ludzka wolność i asymetria otwartości
    Autorzy:
    Kuźniar, Adrian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31232814.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    God’s foreknowledge
    ability to do otherwise
    compatibilism
    fatalism
    asymmetry of openness
    Ockhamism
    Boska przedwiedza
    zdolność do alternatywnego działania
    kompatybilizm
    fatalizm
    asymetria otwartości
    ockhamizm
    Opis:
    The paper defends a compatibilist solution to the problem of the relationship between divine and human freedom. It is argued that the asymmetry of ability constituted by our ability to foreknowledge influence the future and our inability to control the past results from the asymmetry of openness between fixed past and open future interpreted in terms of the asymmetry of counterfactual dependence. Therefore, if the asymmetry of openness is not true of some types of facts, then we may be able to control them even if they are facts about the past. It turns out that widely shared accounts of the nature and source of God’s foreknowledge entail that the asymmetry of openness does not apply to God’s past beliefs about future contingencies. Thus, it is unjustified to claim that we are unable to now do anything such that, if we were to do it, God’s past beliefs would have been different.
    Artykuł poświęcony jest kompatybilistycznemu rozwiązaniu problemu relacji między Boską przedwiedzą a ludzką wolnością. W tekście argumentuje się, że asymetria polegająca na naszej zdolności do wypływu na przyszłość i braku analogicznej zdolności do kontroli przeszłości jest rezultatem asymetrii otwartości między przyszłością a przeszłością interpretowanej w kategoriach asymetrii kontrfaktycznej zależności. W konsekwencji, jeśli asymetria otwartości nie stosuje się do pewnych typów faktów, wówczas możemy posiadać zdolność do kontroli tych faktów, nawet jeśli są to fakty dotyczące przeszłości. Okazuje się, że z najbardziej rozpowszechnionych ujęć natury i genezy Boskiej przedwiedzy wynika, iż asymetria otwartości nie stosuje się do posiadanych przez Boga w przeszłości przekonań na temat przygodnych zdarzeń przyszłych. Zatem nieuzasadnionym pozostaje twierdzenie, że jesteśmy pozbawieni zdolności do uczynienia teraz czegoś takiego, że jeśli byśmy to zrobili, to Boskie przekonania byłyby w przeszłości inne niż były.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2023, 71, 2; 147-161
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of Conrad’s personal experiences on the modelling of male and female characters in his writing
    Autorzy:
    Malessa-Drohomirecka, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/638777.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    relations between men and women in Conrad’s novels, Conrad’s male characters, Conrad’s female characters, Conrad’s traumatic childhood, Conrad’s pessimism, ambiguous feelings, fatalism, trauma, the inability to achieve mutual
    Opis:
    In this article I argue that the sphere of complex and difficult relations between men and women plays an important role in Conrad’s fiction, as it brings together all the existential, socio-philosophical and ethical dilemmas faced by the protagonists. Scholars who have discussed this subject include A. Gillon, E.B. Harrington, S. Jones, B. Meyer, A.M. Roberts, B. Soane and C. Watts. It would seem that there was a strong link between Conrad’s traumatic experiences as a child (when his parents were unable to provide him with the emotional warmth and security which he needed), his later unsuccessful relationships with various women and the way in which he portrayed relations between the sexes in his fiction. Conrad’s pessimistic outlook on life and the difficulties he had experienced in forming relationships with women would seem to have been reflected in the way in which he constructed the ‘represented world’ of his novels. Conrad’s characters are torn between attraction to the opposite sex and a feeling of alienation resulting from an inability to achieve mutual understanding. The words “irresistible and fateful impulse” – used by Conrad in the story Amy Foster – not only seem to be particularly applicable to relations between men and women in Conrad’s fiction, but would also seem to constitute a model according to which the author maps out the courses of their lives. The Conradian drama of relations between men and women is played out between two extremes or poles, as it were. In most cases we have an “irresistible and fateful impulse”. At other times the woman is idealized, while the man is left to play the equally unconvincing role of enthralled admirer. Either way, there is an awareness of the immense obstacles which hinder mutual understanding and which result from a sense of the tragic nature of human existence – and relations between men and women in particular.
    Źródło:
    Yearbook of Conrad Studies; 2014, 9
    2084-3941
    Pojawia się w:
    Yearbook of Conrad Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Researching Capitalism In Poland: Economic Interests As A Cultural Construction
    Autorzy:
    Morawski, Witold
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810491.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-03-25
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    capitalism vs market-private economy
    economic growth vs economic development
    insti-tutional patterns of capitalism
    “Second Europe”
    cultural theory of economic interests
    four cultures
    individualism
    egalitarism
    hierarchy
    fatalism
    Opis:
    Purpose: The three goals of the article are: first, to show some arguments surrounding the notion of capitalism in theoretical perspective, and also somewhat bashful connotations since it was intro-duced in Poland after the fall of communism; second, to present some historical facts about the rise of capitalism in Poland in comparative perspective, mostly European; third, to look for cultural categories necessary for analysing the peculiarities of Polish socio-economic development as the part of so-called „the second Europe”. Methodology: I go back to the history of European patterns of capitalist formation: Anglo-Saxon, French, German, Russian in order to show the Polish trajectory as strikingly different. Before enter-ing the Polish case, I present Mary Douglas and Aaron Widavsky’s proposal – how to analyze four cultures: individualist, egalitarian, hierarchical and fatalistic (authoritarian). Implications: The main finding is that economic interests are always socio-cultural constructions, hence all definitions of the real life decisions (on public vs private, risk, externalities etc.) that the people make, must frame them within working life of given culture as the combination of universa-lism and particularism (of above-mentioned four cultures).
    Źródło:
    Central European Management Journal; 2019, 27(1); 84-107
    2658-0845
    2658-2430
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Management Journal
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Aksjomatyczne ujęcie problemu teodycei
    Axiomatic Approach to the Problem of Theodicy
    Autorzy:
    Nieznański, Edward
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2013345.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Bóg
    teodycea
    aksjologia
    zło egzystencjalne
    błąd fatalizmu religijnego
    God
    theodicy
    existential evil
    error of religious fatalism
    Opis:
    The problem of justification of the almighty and perfect Creator in the face of the fact that there is evil in the world was posed as early as the 3rd century BC by Epicureans and Stoics. The author of the article uses St. Thomas Aquinas’ and G.W. Leibniz’s philosophical inspirations to demonstrate by means of formal-logical means that inferring non-existence of evil from existence of God, as well as non-existence of God from existence of evil is a logical error. The analysis begins with the theory of an omniscient, infallible and omnipotent being, identified with God. “Will”, “allowance” and “objection” with respect to facts are differentiated and the law of logical squares with respect to acts of will and the iteration of states of God’s will are presented. A theistic axiology is suggested, religious fatalism and the superstition of predestination are refuted. The whole of the axiomatic calculus tends to the conclusion that evil in the world of the omnipotent Creator results from the purposefully established fortuitousness within the laws of nature, in the name of man’s freedom of choice and possibilities of development.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2007, 55, 1; 201-217
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Religion, Platonist Dialectics, and Pragmatist Analysis: Marcus Tullius Cicero’s Contributions to the Philosophy and Sociology of Divine and Human Knowing
    Autorzy:
    Prus, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2138929.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-27
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    Religion
    God(s)
    Cicero
    Plato
    Philosophy
    Pragmatism
    Symbolic Interaction
    Dialectic Analysis
    Knowing
    Epicureanism
    Stoicism
    Fatalism
    Divination
    Opis:
    Whereas Socrates, Plato, Aristotle and Augustine are probably the best known of the early Western philosophers of religion, Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 BCE) also played a particularly consequential role in the development and continuity of Greco-Latin-European social thought. Cicero may be best known for his work on rhetoric and his involvements in the political intrigues of Rome, but Cicero’s comparative examinations of the Greco-Roman philosophies of his day merit much more attention than they have received from contemporary scholars. Cicero’s considerations of philosophy encompass much more than the theological issues considered in this statement, but, in the process of engaging Epicurean and Stoic thought from an Academician (Platonist) perspective, Cicero significantly extends the remarkable insights provided by Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle. Although especially central to the present analysis, Cicero’s On the Nature of the Gods (1972) is only one of several texts that Cicero directs to a comparative (multiparadigmatic and transhistorical) analysis of divine and human knowing. Much of Cicero’s treatment of the philosophy of religion revolves around variants of the Socratic standpoints (i.e., dialectics, theology, moralism) that characterized the philosophies of Cicero’s era (i.e., Stoicism, Epicureanism, Academician dialectics), but Cicero also engages the matters of human knowing and acting in what may be envisioned as more distinctively pragmatist sociological terms. As well, although Cicero’s materials reflect the socio-historical context in which he worked, his detailed analysis of religion represents a valuable source of comparison with present day viewpoints and practices. Likewise, a closer examination of Cicero’s texts indicates that many of the issues of divine and human knowing, with which he explicitly grapples, have maintained an enduring conceptual currency. This paper concludes with a consideration of the relevance of Cicero’s works for a contemporary pragmatist sociological (symbolic interactionist) approach to the more generic study of human knowing and acting.
    Źródło:
    Qualitative Sociology Review; 2011, 7, 3; 1-30
    1733-8077
    Pojawia się w:
    Qualitative Sociology Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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