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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Świętochowskiego pozytywistyczne dumania nad nauką jako motorem postępu cywilizacyjnego
    Świętochowski’s Positivist Musings on Science as the Engine of Civilizational Progress
    Autorzy:
    Szotek, Barbara
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25805851.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
    Tematy:
    nauka
    funkcje nauki
    pozytywizm
    scjentyzm
    Aleksander Świętochowski
    ewolucja pozytywizmu
    science
    functions of science
    positivism
    scientism
    evolution of positivism
    Opis:
    Filozofia pozytywistyczna jest skoncentrowana na problemie nauki, a zwłaszcza na jej wynikach poznawczych i zastosowaniu. W świadomości polskich środowisk intelektualnych tej epoki można mówić o zjawisku gloryfikacji nauki. W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia tego zjawiska na podstawie idei najbardziej znanego przedstawiciela i ideologa pozytywizmu naukowego – Aleksandra Świętochowskiego. Jego prace najlepiej ilustrują tezę o ewolucji poglądów pozytywistów na naukę i jej społeczną rolę.  
    Positivist philosophy is focused on the problem of science and especially on its cognitive results and applications. We can say that Polish intellectual circles of this era glorified science. In her article, Barbara Szotek presents this phenomenon through the figure of Aleksander Świętochowski, the most famous representative and ideologist of scientific positivism. His works best illustrate the evolution of positivist views on science and its social role.
    Źródło:
    Folia Philosophica; 2021, 46; 1-20
    1231-0913
    2353-9445
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Philosophica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Znaczenie teorii cerkomeru Janickiego dla rozwoju badan nad systematyka i ewolucja plazincow
    Autorzy:
    Pojmanska, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/837859.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    rozwoj nauki
    cerkomer
    ewolucja
    systematyka
    Janicki Konstanty
    plazince
    Źródło:
    Annals of Parasitology; 2005, 51, 4; 345-358
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Parasitology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Znaczenie teorii cerkomeru Janickiego dla rozwoju badań nad systematyką i ewolucją płazińców
    THE INFLUENCE OF JANICKI CERCOMER THEORY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PLATYHELMINTHES SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION INVESTIGATIONS
    Autorzy:
    Pojmańska, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146410.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Parazytologiczne
    Tematy:
    rozwoj nauki
    cerkomer
    ewolucja
    systematyka
    Janicki Konstanty
    plazince
    Opis:
    The aim of this article was to present the development of ideas about the provenience of parasitic helminths and the phylogenetical relationships within this taxon, since the publication of the "cercomer theory" just to nowadays. The following essentials of the Janicki theory are outlined: main differences between free-living Turbellaria and parasitic platyhelminths (ciliated epithelium in Turbellaria versus unciliated surface in the others); universality of the cercomer presence in Monogenea, Digenea and Cestoda; evolutionary changes in the morphology and function of the cercomer; homology of the caudal appendices of all parasitic helminths; the subsequent evolution of parasitic platyhelminthes from the ancestor to Monogena, Digenea and Cestoda; proposition to establish a new common taxon — Cercomerophora — for these three groups. In this background the evolution of evolutionary ideas is reviewed, divided into two periods: up to the eighties of the XX century, and up to date. The first period can be characterised by the criticism of some points of the "cercomer theory" and formulation of some new hypotheses; these are those of Fuhrmann, Bychovsky, Llewellyn, Price and Malmberg, which: questioned the homology of the cercarial tail with the caudal appendices of Monogenea and Cestoda; rejected Digenea from the common group; established the common taxon — Cercomeromorpha — comprising only Monogenea and Cestoda; opposed the idea of radial evolution of three main groups of Platyhelmithes (Turbellaria, Digenea and Cercomeromorpha) to the idea of subsequent evolution presented by Janicki. The differences between these last hypotheses are also underlined, arising mainly from the different ideas on the importance of particular features as the evolutionary indicators of affinities between and within the taxons. As to the hypotheses dealing with the evolution of particular groups of parasitic platyhelminths formulated at the same period, the publications of Freeman and Jarecka (Cestoda), Heynemann, Ginetsinskaja, Pearson, Cable, Rhode and Gibson (Trematoda), Bychovsky, Lambert and Malmberg (Monogenea) are referred, with special emphasises on the differences in the ideas presented by their authors. In the second period two points are underlined: a dynamic development of new techniques and methods (including molecular investigations) allowing to gather more and more different data on the parasites, and, as a consequence of this phenomenon, a new approach to the evolutionary problems — the birth of numeric and phylogenetic systematics. In this period "the cercomer theory", as well as supporting the group Cercomeromorphae generally are not accepted (exception: Brooks et al.). In contrast, the new taxon — Neodermata has been created by Ehlers. The importance of this publication for further evolutionary study is stressed. In this background some publications are quoted, especially those, presenting the results of searching for monophyletic groups and joining them in hieratic kladograms (Brooks and al., Rohde at al., Littlewood at al., and the others). It is stated, that in spite of some differences in the kladograms builded by various authors (resulting mainly from the set of features being analysed) the monophyly of big taxons of Neodermata (Trematoda, Monogenea, Cestoda) is fairly well documented. In conclusion several points connected with the "cercomer theory" are emphasized. It is now obvious, that the base of this theory — homology of caudal appendices of Janicki’s Cercomerophora has to be rejected, as well as his concept of subsequent evolution of Platyhelminthes. But the base of his joining of Monogena, Trematoda (in his theory — Digenea) and Cestoda in one group (lack of cilia on the body surface), opposite to the Turbellaria (ciliary ephitelium) is maintained by the creation of Neodermata, undoubtedly documented better and in a different way. Also his idea (after many years of rejecting) on close affinity of Digenea and Cestoda seems to have returned due to the study of Lockyer at al., who write: "Among the Neodermata, the Cercomeromorphae (Cestoda + Monogenea) was not supported, whereas Cestoda + Trematoda was supported".
    Źródło:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne; 2005, 51, 4; 345-358
    0043-5163
    Pojawia się w:
    Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Od informacji ku mądrości
    From Information towards Wisdom
    Autorzy:
    Lubański, Mieczysław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015710.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    system
    dane
    informacja
    wiedza
    mądrość
    twórcza intuicja
    ewolucja nauki
    data
    information
    knowledge
    wisdom
    creative intuition
    evolution of science
    Opis:
    The contemporary science can be defined in a cybernetic language as a self-organising system. The development of this system is guided and controlled by streams of information items produced by science. At present this development assumes more and more clearly the shape of the evolutionary variability. In its input there are data. Their united sets constitute information items which, owing to their bringing together, form the human knowledge. Integration process of the human knowledge results in the wisdom. In this way the post-industrial science has an evolutionary character coming in a form of a system “from information towards wisdom”. It is very important to state a simple sum of data not to give any information, and as well a simple sum of information items not to give any knowledge, and then a simple sum of items which constitute knowledge not to give any wisdom. Only the process of integration causes a conversion from a lower level of cognition to its higher one. The essence of this process seems to be inspired by a creative intuition of an explorer-researcher who executes the above mentioned integration.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2004, 52, 1; 27-41
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Research object as mechanism for ensuring research experiment reproducibility within virtual research environment
    Autorzy:
    Krystek, M.
    Mazurek, C.
    Palma, R.
    Pukacki, J.
    Gomez-Perez, J. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1940554.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska
    Tematy:
    research object
    virtual research environment
    Earth Science
    semantic web
    preservation
    evolution
    obiekt badawczy
    wirtualne środowisko badawcze
    nauki o ziemi
    sieć semantyczna
    ochrona
    ewolucja
    Opis:
    A Research Object (RO) is defined as a semantically rich aggregation of resources that bundles together essential information relating to experiments and investigations. This information is not limited merely to the data used and the methods employed to produce and analyze such data, but it may also include the people involved in the investigation as well as other important metadata that describe the characteristics, inter-dependencies, context and dynamics of the aggregated resources. As such, a research object can encapsulate scientific knowledge and provide a mechanism for sharing and discovering assets of reusable research and scientific knowledge within and across relevant communities, and in a way that supports reliability and reproducibility of investigation results. While there are no pre-defined constraints related to the type of resources a research object can contain, the following usually apply in the context of scientific research: data used and results produced; methods employed to produce and analyze data; scientific workflows implementing such methods; provenance and settings; people involved in the investigation; annotations about these resources, which are essential to the understanding and interpretation of the scientific outcomes captured by a research object. The example research object contains a workflow, input data and results, along with a paper that presents the results and links to the investigators responsible. Annotations on each of the resources (and on the research object itself) provide additional information and characterize, e.g. the provenance of the results. Therefore, exploitation of the RO model should be considered as a way to provide additional reliability and reproducibility of the research. The concept of the RO was introduced to the environment created in the EVER-EST project in the form of Virtual Research Environment (VRE). a group of Earth Scientists, who are observing, analyzing and modeling processes that take place on land and see, was examined against their needs and expectations about the possible improvements in their scientific work. The results show that scientist expectations are focused on knowledge sharing and reuse, and new forms of scholarly communications beyond pdf articles as supporting tools of knowledge cross-fertilization between their members. The Research Object concept seems a natural answer for these needs. However, the model, in order to be sufficient and usable, must become a part of the working environment and needs to be integrated with the actual tools. Therefore, great efforts have been undertaken to create a generic, technical solution – VRE , which implements the expected functionalities. In this article we present a concept of the VRE as a tool that takes advantage of the Research Object model in order to integrate and simplify the information exchange, as well as persist, share and discover assets of the reusable research. Moreover, we are presenting example scenarios of the VRE usage in the four different Earth Science domains.
    Źródło:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2017, 21, 4; 379-389
    1428-6394
    Pojawia się w:
    TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Twarde jądro ewolucjonizmu
    Evolutions Hard Core
    Autorzy:
    Jodkowski, Kazimierz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015782.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    ewolucja
    filozofia nauki
    twarde jądro
    ewolucjonizm
    Darwin
    evolution
    philosophy of science
    hard core
    evolutionism
    Opis:
    The hard core of a theory is understood here as a set of those of its claims, which if contradicted by facts, lead to complete abandoning of the theory (in other cases scientists rather modify theoretical statements of minor importance). I argue therefore that it is an illusion that a set of statements about variation and natural selection is such a hard core of Darwinistic theory. In real practice these statements are compatible with almost all imaginable facts, therefore they have non-empirical character. They are only a camouflage for deeper and more fundamental claims, philosophical ones, and more exactly: materialistic, naturalistic and anti-religious ones. In this paper the I analyze a number of citations proving that leading evolutionists, from Darwin onwards, openly accepted this philosophical beliefs which are the true hard core of evolution.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2003, 51, 3; 77-117
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evolutionism–Creationism: In Search for a Platform of Dialogue
    Ewolucjonizm–kreacjonizm. Poszukiwanie płaszczyzny dialogu
    Autorzy:
    Dąbek, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1791015.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021-01-04
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    ewolucja
    dialog ewolucjonizm–kreacjonizm
    relacja nauka–religia
    filozofia nauki
    evolution
    dialogue between evolutionism and creationism
    relationship between science and religion
    philosophy of science
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiona została próba wskazania płaszczyzny dyskusji ewolucjonistów z kreacjonistami, która umożliwiałaby dialog zwiększający szansę wypracowania spójnego światopoglądu łączącego elementy wiedzy naukowej i wiary religijnej. W odniesieniu do różnych typów wiedzy zaproponowane zostało wyróżnienie trzech poziomów: 1) przedmiot badań, 2) wiedza o tym przedmiocie, 3) interpretacja tej wiedzy. Dialog może być prowadzony już na poziomie drugim, lecz z poszanowaniem wzajemnej autonomii i ukierunkowaniem raczej na inspirację, niż na integrację. Właściwą płaszczyzną dialogu jest poziom trzeci: interpretacja wiedzy oraz budowanie wizji świata i człowieka. Celem dialogu na tym poziomie jest integracja wszystkich elementów światopoglądu i dążenie do wyjaśnienia i zrozumienia całej rzeczywistości.
    This article seeks to indicate a platform for discussion between evolutionists and creationists, which will enable dialogue and increase the chance of developing a coherent worldview that combines elements of scientific knowledge and religious faith. In the context of various types of knowledge, three levels are indicated: (1) the subject of research, (2) knowledge of this subject, and (3) interpretation of this knowledge. Dialogue can be undertaken and conducted already at the second level, but only accompanied by both respect for mutual autonomy and a focus on inspiration rather than integration. The appropriate level of dialogue is the third level: the interpretation of knowledge and building an overarching view of the world and man. The aim of dialogue at this level is to integrate all elements of a worldview and to strive to explain and understand the whole reality.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2020, 68, 4; 51-70
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Phillipa E. Johnsona krytyka naturalizmu w naukach przyrodniczych
    Phillip E. Johnsons Criticism of Naturalism in Natural Science
    Autorzy:
    Bylica, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2015774.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2003
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    naturalizm metafizyczny
    naturalizm metodologiczny
    ewolucja
    ewolucjonizm
    kreacjonizm
    inteligentny projekt
    teizm
    nauki przyrodnicze
    metaphysical naturalism
    methodological naturalism
    evolution
    evolutionism
    creationism
    intelligent design
    theism
    natural science
    Opis:
    For hundreds of years the theory of creationism according to which people were created purposely by omnipotent and omniscient God caring for his creatures were the primary and fundamental idea of Western civilization. According to the contemporary scientific view all creatures appeared on earth as a result of purposeless process of random mutations and natural selection. Only Nature exists, and if we are going to say the same about God, we deny at the same time that He influences the way the world goes in any way. According to Johnson it is this metaphysical naturalism and not the empirical data, that is the main tenet of Darwinism. Johnson claims that that the incompatibility of the naturalistic and biblical stories is fundamental and there is no possibility of any compromise between them. Naturalistic methodology of science limits the kinds of explanation of the world that can be regarded as acceptable. But according to Johnson the lack of any serious alternative methodology is very disadvantageous for contemporary science, which should search for truth and not just for the best naturalistic explanations of the phenomena.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2003, 51, 3; 197-214
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ewolucja - ...najwznioślejsze zjawisko, jakie możemy pojąć...
    Autorzy:
    Bobrowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/857223.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. Kopernika
    Tematy:
    nauka
    historia nauki
    ewolucjonizm
    ewolucja
    homologia
    analogia
    konwergencja
    klasyfikacja
    gatunek [definicja]
    zmiennosc
    mutacje
    dobor naturalny
    Źródło:
    Wszechświat; 2017, 118, 01-03
    0043-9592
    Pojawia się w:
    Wszechświat
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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