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Tytuł:
Eugenika – aspekty historyczne, biologiczne i edukacyjne
Eugenics – Historical, Biological and Educational Aspects
Autorzy:
Binnebesel, Józef
Baczała, Ditta
Błajet, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/919913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
the description
history and modern eugenics
“New Eugenics”
eugenics and education
Opis:
Eugenics is the selection of desired heritable characteristics in order to improve future generations, typically in reference to humans. The article is about eugenics in historical, biological and educational aspects. The historical aspect is elaborated on and includes early eugenics, eugenics organizations, popular support for eugenics, and anti-eugenics sentiments. Despite the dropping of the term eugenics, eugenic ideas remained prevalent in many issues concerning human reproduction and genetic intervention. “New Eugenics” is a fact. “New Eugenics” includes education. Does it really?
Źródło:
Studia Edukacyjne; 2019, 52; 139-158
1233-6688
Pojawia się w:
Studia Edukacyjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eugenics and Bioethics
Autorzy:
Delgrosso, Marco
Borges de Meneses, Ramiro Délio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
Eugenics
Bioethics and Philosophical Foundations
Opis:
Eugenics is a science that aims to promote and develop the innate qualities of the human species using the laws of genetic inheritance, making artificial selections of physical and mental traits, maintaining positive traits or removing those considered negative. In this paper we will illustrate the history of eugenics by touching on several points, from Plato’s early ideas to Galton’s founding of modern eu- genics, to the ideas of American proogressivism at the beginning of the 20th century, to the euge- nic programme implemented by Nazi Germany (AktionT4) during the Second World War, up to the present day with the development of genetic engineering technologies. The new eugenics, although based on science, continues to pursue the same goal as the old eugenics, the development of a superior individual and the elimination of those considered inferior.
Źródło:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2019, 1 (32); 51-58
1898-8431
Pojawia się w:
Humanum. Międzynarodowe Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Czystość krwi ponad wszystko. Cykl o Harrym Potterze z perspektywy ideologii narodowego socjalizmu
Pure Blood Above All. Harry Potter and the Ideology of National Socialism
Autorzy:
Dobrzycki, Jarosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/784501.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
eugenics
Harry Potter
ideology
Nazism
Opis:
The text analyses the Harry Potter series by Joanne Rowling from the perspective of eugenics and the ideology of National Socialism. What is indicated and examined are the statements or attitudes of heroes that may be considered part of the Nazi discourse, implemented in the novel by the author. The aim of the paper is to show that this cycle may be a pretext for teachers to initiate the discussion on eugenics, Nazism, as well as broadly understood ideology.
Źródło:
Paidia i Literatura; 2019, 1; 145-160
2719-4167
Pojawia się w:
Paidia i Literatura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Concept of the 'New Soviet Man' As a Eugenic Project: Eugenics in Soviet Russia after World War II
Autorzy:
Bardziński, Filip
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781241.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
eugenics
New Soviet Man
Lysenkoism
biopower
Opis:
This article penetrates the idealistic, Marxist concept of the 'new  Soviet man', linking it with the notion of eugenics. Departing from a reconstruction of the history and specificity of the eugenic movement in Russia since the late 19th century until the installation of Joseph Stalin as the only ruler of the Soviet Union, Lysenkoism paradigm of Soviet natural sciences is being evoked as a theoretical frame for Soviet-specific eugenic programme. Through referring to a number of chosen – both theoretical (classic Marxist works) and practical (chosen aspects of Soviet science and internal politics) – issues and cases, the concept of the 'new Soviet man' is being confronted with an original reading of eugenics, understood in neo-Lamarckian terms of direct shaping human beings through environmental conditions (comprehending the GULag system of labour camps, pseudo-medical experiments and other) and intergenerational transfer (through inheritance) of acquired traits.
Źródło:
Ethics in Progress; 2013, 4, 1; 57-81
2084-9257
Pojawia się w:
Ethics in Progress
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dwakroć eugenika
Twice Eugenics
Autorzy:
Piotrowski, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/553357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Instytut Filozofii
Tematy:
eugenika,
Maciej Bielawski
Agata Strządała
eugenics
Opis:
Recenzja książek: Maciej BIELAWSKI, Higieniści. Z dziejów eugeniki, przeł. Wojciech Chudoba, Wydawnictwo Czarne, Wołowiec 2011, s. 430; oraz Agata STRZĄDAŁA, Od Galtona do Watsona. Przemiany pojmowania eugeniki w XIX i w XX wieku, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, Opole 2010, s. 203.
Review of: Maciej BIELAWSKI, Higieniści. Z dziejów eugeniki, przeł. Wojciech Chudoba, Wydawnictwo Czarne, Wołowiec 2011, s. 430; oraz Agata STRZĄDAŁA, Od Galtona do Watsona. Przemiany pojmowania eugeniki w XIX i w XX wieku, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Opolskiego, Opole 2010, s. 203.
Źródło:
Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy; 2013, 10; 261-266
2299-0356
Pojawia się w:
Filozoficzne Aspekty Genezy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jeremy Rifkin o konsekwencjach rewolucji biotechnologii. Krytyka „ery biotechnologii”
Jeremy Rifkin about the consequences of the revolution of biotechnology. A criticism of the „biotechnology century”
Autorzy:
Słoniowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
biotechnology
eugenics
Rifkin
genetic engineering
biological hazard
Opis:
Nowadays we are entering a new period in our history. It is an era of great computers, new technologies and genetic engineering. Most people look to the future with hope, but not Jeremy Rifkin, the American economist and critic of modern civilization. He has called this period 'The Biotech Century'. In his opinion, humanity is treading on thin ice. He believes, that biotechnology brings more disadvantages than advantages. He is trying to convince us that scientists are playing God in their laboratories. They often invent great things like new medicines or therapies. However, Rifkin also points to the other side of the coin. Firstly, there is no way of predicting the effects of biotechnology. Secondly, the human genetic code will be used for commercial purposes. Our genes will be on the market, like any other product in the supermarket. And thirdly, Riffkin warns against the return of eugenics. But this new eugenic will be more powerful, and much more dangerous.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2014, 12, 2; 67-81
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The biopolitics of violence: Instances of Anti-Semitism in interwar Romania
Autorzy:
Panu, Mihai Adrian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/628091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
Anti-Semitism, Ethnicity, Biopolitics, Eugenics, Eastern Europe
Opis:
The primacy of totalitarian ideologies in interwar Europe represents even nowadays a major historiographical challenge due to its multicausal character and various forms of appearance. This paper attempts to analyze the anti-Semitic phenomenon in interwar Romania primarily by taking into account its determinant factors. We assume that the emergence of radical ideologies in Central and Eastern Europe can optimally be understood if both regional and systemic causes are properly highlighted. The regional causes include local societal predispositions, ethno-cultural cleavages and specific political movements. On the other hand the systemic causes imply predominantly geopolitical factors and the repartition of power in the international system. Moreover we assume that the emergence and manifestations of extremism can be considered a direct result of political disputes between ethno-cultural groups which were systematically exposed to ideological and propaganda pressure.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2015, 6, 2; 43-52
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dorastanie w okowach higieny i eugeniki w świetle piśmiennictwa Warszawskiego Towarzystwa Higienicznego na początku XX wieku
Autorzy:
Bołdyrew, Aneta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-06
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
młodzież
higiena
eugenika
medykalizacja
youth
hygiene
eugenics
medicalization
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy higienizacji i medykalizacji postaw wobec młodzieży w Królestwie Polskim na początku XX w. w piśmiennictwie o charakterze naukowym i popularyzatorskim Warszawskiego Towarzystwa Higienicznego. Lekarze i higieniści, zaangażowani społecznikowsko, pisali o zdrowiu, higienie i wychowaniu młodego pokolenia, także z uwzględnieniem kryteriów eugenicznych. Zmedykalizowana postawa wobec młodzieży była przejawem dążenia do jej kontroli i dyscyplinowania.
The article concerns the hygienization and medicalization of attitudes towards young people in the Kingdom of Poland at the beginning of the 20th century in the abundant literature (both scholarly and popularizing) of the Warsaw Hygiene Society. The socially active doctors and hygienists wrote about the health, hygiene and education of young people, employing eugenic criteria. The medicalized attitude towards young people was a manifestation of attempts to control and discipline them.
Źródło:
Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne; 2020, 11, 2; 20-33
2450-4491
Pojawia się w:
Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chrześcijańska wizja idei postępu w kontekście propozycji eugenicznych. Zarysowanie problematyki
The Christian Vision of the Idea of Progress in the Context of Eugenic propositions. An Outline of the Issue
Autorzy:
Rzepa, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339199.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
postęp
rozwój
eugenika
wolność
materializm
progress
development
eugenics
freedom
materialism
Opis:
According to Pope Benedict XVI the essential concept that allows defining the contemporary world is the idea of progress. It gains a special significance in the context of the great development of technological possibilities of contemporary medicine. This gives rise to a temptation to improve, or even to technologically perfect the human nature, that is present under the auspices of eugenic behaviors. The teaching of the Church remarks that all genuine progress in this area should be supported, on condition that science will always respect human rights and dignity from the moment of the man's conception. Nobody may claim the right to destroy human life or manipulate it with impunity.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologii Moralnej; 2010, 2; 127-138
2081-1810
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologii Moralnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Eugenika jako kontekst historyczno-kulturowy dla pracy socjalnej z rodziną
Autorzy:
Kaszyński, Hubert
Ornacka, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/679361.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
eugenics, social work with the family, identity, new social inequalities
Opis:
Eugenics as a cultural and historical context for social work with the familyThe social discourse on the use of knowledge in the field of genetic research involving both supporters as well as opponents. First, pointing to the medical aspects, emphasize new possibilities for prevention and treatment of diseases. Others warn against the temptation associated with the manipulation of human nature through sex selection, genetic features children or patching or muscles. As stated Marek Drwięga the problem (and the related moral dilemmas) occurs when - instead of the treatment of diseases - people use gene therapy to "improve their physical and mental faculties" to the consequences "as a unit better to" find themselves "above norm ". The variety of positions and the lack of clarity in the expression of individual opinion partly due to the fact that technological progress is much faster than moral reflection. This leads - according to Michael Sandel - a situation in which people express their concern about reaching into the language of autonomy, justice and individual rights. Unfortunately, this "moral" vision of the world does not bring relief to people and does not release them from anxiety, as they continue to answer the fundamental questions concerning, inter alia, the design of children or human cloning remain open. In the context of genetic engineering and biotechnology is increasingly appearing concept of eugenics - invented in the nineteenth century by Francis Galton and meaning "well-born" - which is the "gate" to the in-vitro procedure. In today's world, where thanks to advanced technologies dominate pleasure, convenience and comfort, eugenics may be manipulating the eternal laws of nature in order to "breed a man without any dysfunction and deficits, or to bring into being an artificial being, human-like in appearance only, and characterized by excellent physical and mental efficiency." The purpose of our article is, therefore, a reflection on the risks associated with the formation of new sources of inequality and identity wounds, which is particularly important in the field of contemporary social work with the family.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Pracy Socjalnej; 2014, 19, 2
2449-6138
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Pracy Socjalnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spór o naukowość eugeniki
The dispute about the scientific nature of eugenics
Autorzy:
Słoniowska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470803.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
eugenika
problem demarkacji
logika
nauka
eugenics
demarcation problem
logical
science
Opis:
How to classify eugenics? Is it an ideology, outlook, or maybe a science? These are the questions asked by philosophers and historians for a long time, but there is still no answer. Even the people who created this idea did not know how to specify it. They wanted to characterize eugenics as science, but the problems with logic and methodology increased. They made a formal fallacy and entrusted too much to induction. The lack of knowledge about heredity was also a serious problem. For all that, they tried to create a new scientific theory based on eugenics. Recently, most historians claim that old eugenics failed, however some have a different opinion. It seems that this view depends on individual’s emotional and subjective assessment of modern researchers.
Jak zakwalifikować eugenikę? Czy jest ona ideologią, światopoglądem czy może nauką? To pytania, które od dawna zadają sobie filozofowie i historycy. Wciąż nie ma na nie odpowiedzi. Nawet ludzie, który stworzyli tę ideę nie potrafili jednoznacznie określić czym ona jest. Zależało im na tym, żeby eugenikę zaliczyć do grona nauk. Mieli jednak duże problemy z metodologią oraz logiką. Popełniali błędy formalne i zbyt mocno zawierzyli indukcji. Problemem był również brak wiedzy na temat dziedziczności. Mimo wszystko próbowali stworzyć teorię naukową oparta na eugenice. Współcześnie większość historyków twierdzi, że próba ta się nie powiodła, jednak niektórzy są innego zdania. Wydaje się, że ta kwestia zależy od indywidualnej, emocjonalnej i subiektywnej oceny badaczy.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2016, 14, 3; 9-23
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Romanian Eugenic Sub-Culture and the Allure of Biopolitics, 1918–39
Autorzy:
Turda, Marius
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
sub-culture
eugenics
biopolitics
interwar Romania
Transylvania and the Banat
Opis:
By the late 1920s a considerable body of eugenic literature in Romanian, Hungarian and German had been produced in Romania, illustrating the growing importance afforded to science and evolutionary theories of human improvement in this country. Engaging with this literature, this article investigates the emergence of a Romanian sub-culture in Transylvania and the Banat, sanctioned through eugenics and biopolitics, and promoted by cultural associations and prominent intellectuals and politicians. In so doing, this article contributes not only to a new appraisal of the relationship between ethnic minorities and majorities in interwar Romania, but also to a new understanding of the ways in which eugenics and biopolitics were harnessed to Romanian narratives of nation-building during the interwar period.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2016, 114
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
When Law Forgets About Dignity”: Selected Historical and Modern Contexts of Sterilisation of People with Disabilities
Autorzy:
Sobański, Piotr
Kmieciak, Błażej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/941375.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-08-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
human dignity
sterilisation of disabled people
human rights
eugenics
suffering
Opis:
What is human dignity? How to define the dignity of a person? Is it possible to identify key features that show the principles of respecting the dignity of another person? Attempts to define the concept indicated here may inevitably fail. On the one hand, human dignity is a universal concept. It refers to all people. Nevertheless, on the other hand, each of us has our own sense of dignity. Paradoxically, e.g., humiliation of a particular person’s dignity shows us the importance of the area that has been violated. Similar violations often affect sick and disabled persons. Examples of similar activities throughout human history abound. In this context, special attention should be paid to the interventions undertaken by the Nazis before theoutbreak of WWII. Here, we are talking especially about mass and legalised activities that resulted in the sterilisation of many thousands of people with intellectual disabilities, people with physical disabilities and people experiencing mental disorders. The Nazi practices indicated here are presented as examples of human right violations. At the same time, they are examples of the unlawful rule of the state over an individual. Is there still a danger of reverting to similar practices today? Can standards of respect for human rights created years ago successfully protect disabled people against violation of their dignity? Can the knowledge of Nazi activities still be important to us? The presented article is intended as an attempt at answering these questions.
Źródło:
Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej; 2020, 28; 129-148
2300-391X
Pojawia się w:
Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Oтец русской бюрократии” в романе М.Е. Салтыкова-Щедрина история одного города
Autorzy:
Криволапов, Владимир
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1826693.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-07-02
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
parody
caricature
Arakcheev
associations
Peter I
St. Petersburg
barracks
eugenics
Opis:
The article is devoted to the Russian bureaucracy as presented in the historical and fantastic narration of M. Saltykov-Shchedrin "The History of a City" and the prob-lem of prototypes of the books’ protagonist. Depending on real historic figures offered as a prototype of Ugryum-Burcheyev, the meaning of the book, which can be perceived either as a cruel parody or as a warning book, changes decisively.
Źródło:
Conversatoria Litteraria; 2019, 13; 107-114
1897-1423
Pojawia się w:
Conversatoria Litteraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Conflicting Perspectives on Ecofeminist Principles
Autorzy:
Holder, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1808099.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-11-24
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
ecofeminism
feminism
animal rights
anthropocentrism
women’s rights
racism
eugenics
Opis:
Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860–1935) was one of the most productive American writers of the turn of the century. She was an author of novels, short stories, non-fiction essays and poems, well known as an activist fighting for women's rights and a precursor of feminism. Gilman proposed a redefinition of the roles in domestic life and society, with women taking more prominence. The writer rejected the male dominant role prevailing in patriarchal society and supported other emancipation movements. Using the affinity of man and animals, Gilman initiated an ecofeminist discourse by presenting a different vision, and proposing new views on the assumptions that underpin her contemporary culture. In her feminist work on the equality of women, Gilman has repeatedly drawn attention to the overt display of cruelty against animals. While addressing their rights and freedoms, the writer emphasized the similarities between women and animals in the patriarchal system, both being treated in subhuman disregard against the privileged position of men. However, her attitude towards animals is not precise and the writer repeatedly formulates conclusions that are surprisingly contradictory to her own views. In her utopian novels, the writer emphasized the potential threat from animals to humans and even questioned the animals’ overall significance. Gilman's views often clash with veiled anthropocentrism, and her ambivalent attitude to the issue of human-animal dependencies makes it impossible to reduce her views to one particular attitude. Her radical feminist views, focused primarily on women's empowerment and the fight against patriarchy, aimed for the overall transformation of society. However, the lack of consistency in Gilman’s views is also manifested in her ambivalent attitude to the overall issue of equality. As she focused on improving the situation of women, Gilman simultaneously ignored the problems of other marginalized social groups, with an undercurrent of racism, class prejudice and xenophobia showing through her writings.
Źródło:
Forum for Contemporary Issues in Language and Literature; 2020, 1; 27-41
2391-9426
Pojawia się w:
Forum for Contemporary Issues in Language and Literature
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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