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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Jeszcze o istnieniu — próba rekapitulacji
    On Existence Again. An Attempt at a Recapitulation
    Autorzy:
    Wojtysiak, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488477.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-12-20
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    istnienie
    przedmioty intencjonalne i realne
    rozróżnienie esse-essentia
    Akwinata
    Barry Miller
    existence
    real and intentional objects
    the esse-essentia distinction
    Aquinas
    Opis:
    W niniejszym artykule przedstawiam moje poglądy dotyczące tematyki istnienia. Moją prezentację organizuję wokół trzech rozróżnień: między statycznymi a dynamicznymi koncepcjami istnienia, między istnieniem czegoś jako faktem a istnieniem jako zasadą (czynnikiem wewnątrzbytowym) czegoś, między (przygodnym) istnieniem czegoś a (Boskim) istnieniem samym (czystym). Staram się przy tym bronić poznawczej wartości drugich członów tych dystynkcji w kontekstach ontologicznych i teologicznych. Za pomocą kilku eksperymentów myślowych pokazuję, że istnienie jako zasada jest czynnikiem różnicującym przedmioty realne względem intencjonalnych oraz realne (aktualne) stany świata względem potencjalnych. Istnienie jest także koniecznym warunkiem swoistych aktywności poszczególnych bytów. W końcowych częściach artykułu podejmuję dyskusję z trudnościami postawionymi przez Marka Piwowarczyka w jego artykule Trudności analizy faktu istnienia. Wykorzystuję przy tym koncepcję Barry’ego Millera, która — moim zdaniem — dostarcza narzędzi rozwiązujących większość tych (lub podobnych) trudności.
    In the paper, I put forward my views on the topic of existence. I do it by focusing on three distinctions: between static conceptions of existence and dynamic ones; between existence (of something) as a fact and as a principle of being; and between the limited existence of contingent beings and the Divine existence itself. I try to defend the cognitive value of the second parts of these distinctions in ontological and theological contexts. In my opinion, existence as a dynamic factor of being makes the difference between real and intentional objects, as well as between real (actual) and potential states of the world. Existence is also a necessary condition of proper activities of beings. In the final parts of the article I discuss some objections stated by Marek Piwowarczyk in his essay “Troubles with an Analysis of Facts of Existence.” I maintain that most of these (or similar) difficulties can be resolved by means of tools present in Barry Miller’s conception of existence.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2017, 65, 4; 93-114
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Gaven Kerr, O.P., On Creation With Its Philosophical Corollaries
    Gaven Kerr OP o stworzeniu i jego konsekwencjach filozoficznych
    Autorzy:
    Burrell, David
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488291.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Aquinas’ metaphysics of creation
    esse
    essentia
    esse tantum
    Akwinaty metafizyka stworzenia
    Opis:
    Author endorses the study by Gaven Kerr, O.P., for the way it shows the centrality of Aquinas’ metaphysics of creation: showcasing the ‘real distinction’ between esse and essentia, followed by Aquinas’ unique treatment of each, as well as a deep consideration of esse tantum. At the end he states the ‘proof’ which Gaven Kerr has articulated so deftly reflects the manner in which the Creator ‘appears’ in creation, thereby ‘showing’ what cannot be ‘said’ (Wittgenstein).
    Autor z przekonaniem pochwala studium Gavena Kerra OP za sposób, w jaki pokazuje ono centralność metafizyki stworzenia u Akwinaty: ukazanie „realnej różnicy” między esse i essentia, a następnie unikatowe potraktowanie każdego z nich, jak też głębokie rozważenie esse tantum. Na koniec stwierdza, że „dowód”, który sformułował Gaven Kerr, zręcznie odzwierciedla sposób, w jaki Stwórca „pojawia się” w stworzeniu, a tym samym „pokazuje” to, czego nie da się powiedzieć (Wittgenstein).
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2019, 67, 4; 145-146
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Form, essence and matter in Aquinas’ early work De ente et essentia. Notes to the metaphysical foundation of Aquinas’ psychology
    Autorzy:
    Slováček, Petr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/426593.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    matter
    form
    esse/essentia distinction
    physics
    metaphysics
    Thomas Aquinas
    Avicenna
    Aristotle
    soul
    human being
    Opis:
    The article analyzes the role of matter (materia prima) in the philosophy of Thomas Aquinas, from both the systematic and historicalphilosophical aspect. It shows that Arab tradition (Avicenna and Averroes) and its interpreters from the first half of the 13ᵗʰ century played an important and very complex role in his reception of philosophical tools derived from Aristotle. The article also presents the process by which Aquinas was able to unite hylomorphism with the metaphysical theory of real distinction esse/essentia, which paved the way for a non-dualistic conception of man.
    Źródło:
    Logos i Ethos; 2015, 2(39); 59-95
    0867-8308
    Pojawia się w:
    Logos i Ethos
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    El debate en torno al ‘argumento del intellectus essentiae’ y la ‘distinción real’ entre la esencia y el ser en el De ente et essentia de Tomás de Aquino
    The Debate on the ‘Intellectus Essentiae Argument’ and the ‘Real Distinction’ between Essence and Being in the De Ente et Essentia by Thomas Aquinas
    Autorzy:
    Ocampo, Fernanda
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507308.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-06-30
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    Thomas Aquinas
    real distinction
    intellectus essentiae argument
    De ente et essentia
    essence
    being
    metaphysics
    Thomism
    Opis:
    The so-called ‘intellectus essentiae argument’ has constituted one of the resources of some 13th century authors, to establish the ‘real distinction’ between essence and being in every creature. This argument is also present in Aquinas’ De Ente et Essentia, a work in which, the philosopher is believed to have tried to demonstrate the ‘real distinction or composition’ as well. Now, it is precisely the meaning and scope of this argument regarding the demonstration of the ‘real distinction’ in Thomas’ argumentation that has been object of recent debate among specialists. In this sense, we intend in this article to first expose the argument in the context of the work to which it belongs, then concentrate on the opinions of the different commentators, and finally outline our conclusions based on the interpretations we consider the most accurate.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2018, 7, 2; 237-261
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    THOMAS AQUINAS’ PHILOSOPHY OF BEING AS THE BASIS FOR WOJTYŁA’S CONCEPT AND COGNITION OF HUMAN PERSON
    Autorzy:
    Jałocho-Palicka, Małgorzata
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/507310.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    International Étienne Gilson Society
    Tematy:
    esse
    being
    existence
    essentia
    essence
    Absolute
    contingency
    individua substantia
    act
    potency
    actus humanus
    human action
    fieri
    Opis:
    The article makes a claim that Thomas Aquinas’ philosophy of being plays a fundamental role in Karol Wojtyła’s concept of person presented in his major anthropological work Osoba i czyn (known in English as The Acting person). Aquinas discovered that every being is composed of existence (being, esse) and essence (essentia). Wojtyła builds his philosophy of personhood within this framework of esse (being, existence) and essentia (essence). The moral and rational essence of human person, according to Wojtyła, is best revealed by specifically human, free and conscious, actions. That is why Wojtyła analyzes human person through his actions and discovers such essential structures of human reason and free will as self-cognition, self-knowledge, self-owning, self-ruling which make the ontic basis for selfgovernance. The immediate ground for Wojtyła’s analysis of person through his actions is the act and potency theory, developed by Aristotle and redefined by Thomas Aquinas in the light of the composition of being from esse and essentia. Every act reveals a correlated potency which otherwise would remain hidden and unknown. Potency-act theory characterizes not only two real states of every being, but also it is the adequate tool to describe every being’s becoming. It is not becoming out of nothingness, but on the ground and within the limits of already existing potency. A specifically human action (actus humanus) discloses a specifically human potency-essence. Through his actions a man becomes good or bad as a man, depending on the moral quality of the actions. All these insights into man’s essence presented by Wojtyła emphasize the absolute primacy of a man’s existence (being, esse) over his actions and over his becoming. Being (esse) precedes acting and becoming. Without being (esse) there would be no acting and no becoming (operari sequitur esse—first something must exist and only then it can act). Thus, as a contingent being, a man does not owe his existence to himself but to the Absolute Being (Ipsum Esse); and his human dignity stems, first of all, from his being, not from his doing.
    Źródło:
    Studia Gilsoniana; 2014, 3; 127-153
    2300-0066
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Gilsoniana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Existence And God: On Aquinas–Kerr’s Metaphysical Argument
    Istnienie i Bóg: o metafizycznym argumencie Akwinaty–Kerra
    Autorzy:
    Wojtysiak, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/488791.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    the theistic argument from De Ente et Essentia
    existence
    the essence-esse composition
    God as esse tantum
    participation
    teistyczny argument z De ente et essentia
    istnienie
    złożenie z istoty i esse
    Bóg jako esse tantum
    partycypacja
    Opis:
    In this paper, I discuss, as carried out by Gaven Kerr, a reconstruction of Aquinas’s argument for the existence of God from his work De Ente et Essentia. My analysis leads to complementing Kerr’s proposal with the following elements: (i) a summarization of the presented argument in a more formal manner; (ii) a specification of the main presuppositions of the Thomistic conception of existence; (iii) a drawing of attention to the fact that the essence–esse composition is a borderline case of the array of potency–act compositions; (iv) a distinguishing of the empirical (connected with the problem of the regress) and speculative (deprived of such a problem) interpretations or versions of Aquinas’s argument; (v) a clarification of what is the Divine exception from the essence–esse composition; (vi) a distinguishing of the three models of participation and a defence of the moderate model. I regard the following two issues to be of key importance for the argument under discussion: the relation between the Aristotelian compositional model and the Platonic model of participation as well as the defence of the Thomistic conception of the essence–esse composition.
    W niniejszym tekście dyskutuję, dokonaną przez Gavena Kerra, rekonstrukcję Akwinaty argumentu za istnieniem Boga z dzieła De ente et essentia. Moja analiza prowadzi do uzupełnienia propozycji Kerra o następujące elementy: (i) bardziej formalne streszczenie rozpatrywanego argumentu; (ii) wyszczególnienie głównych założeń Tomistycznej koncepcji istnienia; (iii) zwrócenie uwagi na to, że kompozycja istota–esse jest granicznym przypadkiem ciągu kompozycji możność–akt; (iv) odróżnienie empirycznej (związanej z problemem regressu) oraz spekulatywnej (pozbawionej tego problemu) interpretacji argumentu; (v) precyzacja, na czym polega wyjątek od kompozycji istota–esse; (vi) odróżnienie trzech modeli relacji esse stworzonego do esse tantum. Za kluczowe dla dyskutowanego argumentu uznaję dwie kwestie: relacji między Arystotelesowskim modelem kompozycyjnym a Platońskim modelem partycypacyjnym oraz obrony Tomistycznej koncepcji kompozycji istota–esse.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne; 2019, 67, 4; 89-103
    0035-7685
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Filozoficzne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Istnienie pierwszym aktem bytu
    Existence as the first act of being
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejuk, Artur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452489.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    esse
    essentia
    Aristotelianism
    Thomism
    Aristotle
    Avicenna
    Thomas Aquinas
    Étienne Gilson
    arystotelizm
    tomizm
    Arystoteles
    Awicenna
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    Opis:
    From the perspective of existential Thomism, and following Aristotle’s philosophy of being (metaphysics) as the nucleus and keystone of the whole philosophy, seeking there the most important claims of St. Thomas, the article asks the three following questions: 1) What is the novum of Thomistic metaphysics? 2) What was Thomas’ way of thinking that led him to formulate the thesis that existence is the act of being? 3) Would anyone else have discovered the uniqueness of existence if Thomas Aquinas had not done it? The answers to these questions were formulated in reference to Gilson’s views and his concept of the history of philosophy and to the study of the concept of being in the texts of Thomas Aquinas and the historical sources of that concept. 1) Thomas proposed a new understanding of the structure of being, in which existence is the act that makes essence real and constitutes being’s potency, together making a real individual being. Thus, Thomas formulated a new existential theory of being, overcoming the limitations of Aristotle’s theory, and consistently explaining the issue related to esse (a problem that Avicenna and his followers - Parisian theologians of the 13th century could not solve). 2) Thomas Aquinas - with the help of Avicenna’s metaphysics - outdistances Aristotle’s essentialism, perceiving being as composed of existence and essence. Then, examining thoroughly the proposition of the Arab philosopher, he sees there inconsistency of attributing the position of accident to existence. According to Avicenna the element of being considered as the cause of the reality of being became - at the same time, as the accident - an unimportant component of essence. That is why Thomas Aquinas recognized that existence is the act of everything that makes essence, which transcended Avicenna’s theory, and thus he formulated his own existential version of the metaphysics of being. 3) It seems that nobody else but Thomas Aquinas would have put up a thesis that existence is the first act of being. And what would have been if Thomas Aquinas had not done it? It is hard to say as we have no historical data to let us discuss it. Similarly, it is impossible to answer this question even assuming Gilson’s thesis that the detailed claims of a given philosophy are the conclusion of the set of principles adopted at the beginning because Thomas did not have such a set of principles as at the starting point he modified the principles of Aristotle and Avicenna. Would someone else have made the same modifications, thus creating a “Thomistic” set of principles? The history of philosophy analyzes the things that actually happened and left their mark; it has no interest in things that did not take place and leave any trace. This could be an area for historical and philosophical fantasy, if it ever exists, but we try to stay in the field of the history of philosophy.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2017, 6; 13-25
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problem źródeł Tomaszowej koncepcji esse jako aktu bytu
    The Problem of Sources of Thomas’ Concept of esse as the Act of Being
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejuk, Artur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452508.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    esse
    essentia
    metafizyka egzystencjalna
    Arystoteles
    neoplatonizm
    Boecjusz
    Awicenna
    Thomas Aquinas
    existential metaphysics
    Aristotle
    Neoplatonism
    Boethius
    Avicenna
    Opis:
    While expressing his innovative theory of existence (esse) as an act of being in many his texts Thomas Aqunas recalls different historical sources to support his thesis: Aristotle’s views, Arabic philosophers’ depictions, mainly of Avicenna, Boethius’ distinction entia quo od entia quod and some theses of Liber de causis. In earlier subject literature, mainly Gilson’s influence (in Poland it was under Krąpiec’s influence) adopted a view about religious inspirations of Thomas’ thesis and that the only philosophical way to his thesis is an analysis of Avicenna’s depictions which are contained mainly in work De ente et essentia. Every other Thomas’recalls should be treated as some earlier ploy for a protection against possible reservations. The first statement which arises during the analysis of historical sources which Thomas refer to expressing his theory of existence (esse) as an act of being is ascertaining that reasoning is a crucial argument to accept esse as an act of being. It should be emphasized that in his theory of esse Thomas Aquinas does not refer to argument of Revelation. The result is that Thomas expressed this thesis only in a philosophical area within the analysis of structure of real being. The attitudes which are recalled sometimes are used by Thomas Aquinas as a background or context by which he states his view. Recalled statements sometimes are a reference to the authority. It seems that the erudition recalled by Thomas in a matter which is interesting for us appears in a different aspects. That is why it should be make a fuss of that the issue of existence (esse) did not appear with Thomas Aquinas’ metaphysics or Avicenna’s metaphysics. It seems that it was on the contrary: the issue of existence (esse) was worrying Plato and earlier philosophers, Aristotle, and Neoplatonists, Boethius and Arabic philosophers. So Thomas’ thesis about existence (esse) as an act of being is a result of the analysis of the issue which is existed in the history of philosophy
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2016, 5; 173-187
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Esencjalizacja przedmiotu metafizyki w ujęciu Franciszka Suáreza SJ
    Autorzy:
    Goczał, Robert
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668035.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
    Tematy:
    Francisco Suárez
    metaphysics
    objective being
    real being
    cognitive being
    essentia
    first intention
    second intention
    intentionality
    the transformation of metaphysics
    modern ontology
    Opis:
    Disputationes metaphysicae by Francis Suárez in its assumptions returns to the classical division into real being (ens reale) and mind‑dependent being (ens rationis). To put it in the theoretical structure, Suárez’ theory of being is directly linked to the noetic concept of “objective being” (ens objectivum). Suárez definitely broke with a classical approach to the object of metaphysics and headed an existential reflection on being toward the essentialization. So his metaphysics is not focused on the concept of being in the aspect of existence, but is the study of abstract being as the “essence”. It is an interesting theory in historical terms, but it also suggests that it can provide in‑depth study of previous scholastic theories. Suárez’ approach meets with the theory that clearly influenced the modern epistemology and post‑Cartesian philosophy as a cognitive shift towards a new subjective prospect (e.g. in se conversa), in which reflection on real being was shifted toward the subject‑consciousness representation, that is, toward the noetic reflection and mentalism).
    Źródło:
    Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki; 2015, 5
    2391-6540
    2083-9952
    Pojawia się w:
    Racjonalia. Z punktu widzenia humanistyki
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ontologia w De ente et essentia św. Tomasza z Akwinu. Wprowadzenie do przekładu o. I.M. Bocheńskiego OP
    Autorzy:
    Płotka, Magdalena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1966124.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-12-30
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    Innocenty Maria Bocheński OP
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    De ente et essentia
    ontologia
    logika
    Koło Krakowskie
    szkoła lwowsko-warszawska
    Thomas Aquinas
    ontology
    logic
    Cracow Circle
    Lviv-Warsaw School
    Opis:
    In this essay I will shortly present the main characteristics of Joseph M. Bocheński’s OP translation of Thomas Aquinas’s treatise De ente et essentia. First of all, I will present the circumstances of the translation. Aquinas’s. De ente et essentia was published in the fall in 1955 in the journal “Seminary Materials for the Use of Students of Christian Philosophy”. It was a student magazine created for the internal use of students of philosophy at the Catholic University of Lublin, who thus provided themselves with access to philosophical texts needed for individual classes at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Catholic University of Lublin. However, the reader should be warned that the presented edition is incomplete: of the 81 paragraphs of Aquinas’s work, which Bocheński an-nounces in his introduction, the typescript contains only the first 41. It should be also emphasized that Bocheński perceives De ente et essentia as a ontological work. The interpretation of this treatise can be seen in its entirety, as well as in numerous footnotes that place De ente et essentia within ontology, semantics and logic. Finally, I will emphasize the influence of the Lviv-Warsaw school on Neotomism in general, and on the way of studying philosophy by Bo-cheński in particular. Bocheński’s contacts with representatives of the Lviv-Warsaw school date back to the 1920s: during this period, Jan Salamucha studied theology in Warsaw. During his studies, he met Jan Lukasiewicz, who later became the promoter of his doctoral dissertation on the concept of Aristotle’s modality (he obtained the title in 1927). Then, in 1930, Salamucha wrote an extensive work on the issue of deduction in Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas. At first, Bocheński was a critical reviewer of this work, but soon he decided that logic should serve the Thomism. The presence of analytical philosophy, logic and semantics are noticeable in the entirety of Bocheński’s translation.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2020, 1, 9; 477-483
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problem istnienia w "Komentarzu" Tomasza z Akwinu do "Liber de causis"
    The Problem of Being in Thomas Aquinas Commentary on "Liber de causis"
    Autorzy:
    Andrzejuk, Artur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/452389.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Naukowe Towarzystwo Tomistyczne
    Tematy:
    neoplatonizm klasyczny
    neoplatonizm chrześcijański
    Liber de causis
    Proklos
    Tomasz z Akwinu
    Komentarz do Liber de causis
    esse
    essentia
    Ipsum esse subsistens
    stwarzanie
    classical neoplatonism
    christian neoplatonism
    Proclus
    Thomas Aquinas
    Commentary on Liber de causis esse
    creation
    Opis:
    The first of these ‘layers’ is hellenistic Neoplatonism of Proclus which is specifically deepened in Aquinas expositio by referring to ‘Stoichéiosis Theologiké’. The second ‘layer’ is monotheistic and creationist neoplatonism of the author of The Book which is sometimes corrected by Thomas Aquinas through depictions of Pseudo-Dionysius. The third and clearly separated doctrinal ‘layer’ of lecture is veritas rerum in which should be seek Aquinas’ views. In this perspective it is easier to unravel terminological difficulties which are in Thomas Aquinas’ text. It seems that many technical terms, such as esse, essentia, existentia, even substantia and ens should be ‘read’ in the ‘layer’ perspective which they located in. The article analyze first of the issue of esse. If we consider this ‘layered’ construction Commentary of Thomas Aquinas recognizing that in veritatis rerum there are the Aquinas own views, without difficulty we will find in it the most important thesis of his own metaphysics: about being as an arrangement from esse, about the esse and essentia, about essentia as an arrangement form and some type of potency, about God as a Ipsum Esse Subsistens, about creation as a giving esse.
    Źródło:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny; 2015, 4; 39-61
    2300-1976
    Pojawia się w:
    Rocznik Tomistyczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Il mistero della Trinità secondo Joseph Ratzinger/Benedetto XVI
    Tajemnica Trójcy według Josepha Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI
    The Mystery of the Trinity according to Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI
    Autorzy:
    Kowalczyk, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343716.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Papieski Wydział Teologiczny we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    Joseph Ratzinger
    Benedykt XVI
    teologia trynitarna
    Trójca Święta
    imię Boże
    una essentia tres personae
    wspólnota trynitarna
    jedność a różnorodność
    absolutność a relatywność
    herezje trynitarne
    Benedict XVI
    trinitarian theology
    Trinity
    name of God
    trinitarian community
    unity vs diversity
    absoluteness vs relativity
    trinitarian heresies
    Opis:
    Refleksja Josepha Ratzingera/Benedykta XVI nad tajemnicą Trójcy Świętej nie zawiera idei czy sformułowań, które zrobiłyby teologiczną „karierę”, jak np. aksjomat fundamentalny Karla Rahnera. Tym niemniej jego teologia trynitarna, zaproponowane punkty odniesienia i rozłożenie akcentów układają się w oryginalną syntezę. W pierwszym paragrafie zwrócono uwagę na to, że w rozważaniach o Bogu Ratzinger często się odwołuje do objawionego w historii zbawienia imienia Bożego. To właśnie „imię”, synonim osobowej relacji, odróżnia wiarę w Boga od filozofii Boga, której teolog konsekwentnie broni. Ostatecznie Bóg objawił swe imię w trzech imionach: Ten, Który Jest – Ojciec, Syn i Duch. W drugim paragrafie wykazano, że formułę „una essentia tres personae” Ratzinger nazywa paradoksem, który wyraża jedność tego, co absolutne, i tego, co relatywne, paradoksem jedności i różnorodności. W ten sposób prawda o Trójcy Świętej objawia Boga, ale także całą rzeczywistość stworzoną. Ostatecznie Trójcy Świętej nie da się sprowadzić do żadnej absolutnej monady, gdyż jest jednością w różnorodności. Herezje trynitarne wyrastały właśnie z chęci wyeliminowania paradoksu, który wydawał się sprzecznością. Tymczasem obecny w teologii paradoks nie jest obcy także naukom ścisłym, co stanowi treść paragrafu trzeciego. Przykładem może być falowa i jednocześnie korpuskularna struktura rzeczywistości badanej przez fizykę. W ostatnim paragrafie autor wychodzi od tego, że całe objawienie streszcza się w słowach: „Bóg jest miłością” (1 J 4,8.16), co oznacza, że „Bóg nie jest samotnością, ale doskonałą wspólnotą”, wspólnotą trynitarną. Ratzinger wskazuje, że w Nowym Testamencie nie mówi się o Bogu jako takim „w sobie samym”, ale o Bogu w kenotycznej relacji do kogoś: „Bóg i Ojciec Jezusa”. Również Duch Święty, który nie ukazuje nam swego oblicza i skrywa się pod obrazami, jak gołębica, ogień, wiatr, jest zawsze Duchem Ojca i Syna. A zatem Bóg jest odwiecznie trynitarnym „byciem-z” i „byciem-dla”, co stanowi zaproszenie i wyzwanie dla każdego chrześcijanina i Kościoła.
    Joseph Ratzinger/Benedict XVI’s reflection on the Holy Trinity does not contain any ideas or expressions that could possibly take on a theological “career,” such as Karl Rahner’s fundamental axiom. Nevertheless, Ratzinger’s Trinitarian theology, with the points of reference he made and accents he suggested, forms an original synthesis. In the first section the author of this article accentuates that Ratzinger in his reflection on God often refers to the divine name revealed in the history of salvation. It is precisely the “name,” a synonym of a personal relation, that distinguishes faith in God from a philosophy of God. Ultimately, God revealed His name in three names: He Who Is—Father, Son, and the Spirit. The second section explains that Ratzinger considers the formula “una essentia tres personae” a paradox that expresses the unity of the absolute and the relative, the unity and the diversity. Thus, the truth of the Trinity reveals God, but also the whole of creation, which is a unity in diversity. The Trinitarian heresies grew precisely from the desire to eliminate a paradox that seemed to be a contradiction. However, the paradox present in theology is also present in the sciences, which is further clarified in section three. By way of an example one may point out the wave-like and corpuscular structure of reality that physics examines. In the last section the author insists that the whole of revelation is summed up in the words: “God is love,” which means that “God is not a solitude but a perfect community,” a Trinitarian community. Ratzinger points out that the New Testament does not speak of God as God “in himself,” but of God in a kenotic relation to someone: “God and Father of Jesus.” Even the Holy Spirit, who does not show us his face but hides himself under images of a dove, fire, wind is always the Spirit of the Father and of the Son. Thus, God is eternally the Trinitarian “being-with” and “being-for,” which is an invitation and a challenge for every Christian and for the Church.
    Źródło:
    Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny; 2023, 31, 2; 35-60
    2544-6460
    Pojawia się w:
    Wrocławski Przegląd Teologiczny
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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