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Wyszukujesz frazę "energy combustion" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Podejście holistyczne. Minimalizacja emisji rtęci, SOx i pyłu lotnego
Autorzy:
Gruber-Waltl, Andreas
Salamon, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Nowa Energia
Tematy:
emisja zanieczyszczeń
rtęć
spalanie energetyczne
ochrona środowiska
emission of pollution
mercury
energy combustion
environmental protection
Opis:
Dostosowanie do unijnych limitów emisji pyłów, NOx, SOx i rtęci napędza obecnie większość inwestycji w dużych obiektach energetycznego spalania. Zaostrzenie ograniczeń emisyjnych będzie dużym wyzwaniem dla wielu istniejących zakładów. Aby efektywnie wykorzystać kapitał wytwórczy, konieczne będzie zintegrowanie nowych i czasem innowacyjnych technologii z istniejącymi blokami. Wymaga to specjalistycznej wiedzy. Doświadczenie firmy ANDRITZ podpowiada, że każda istniejąca instalacja ma potencjał dalszej redukcji SOx, NOx, pyłu i rtęci, dzięki połączeniu odpowiednich modyfikacji eksploatacyjnych i czasem niewielkiego dodatkowego doposażenia instalacji. Ponieważ jednak dodatkowe inwestycje napotykają często na ograniczenia finansowe, do osiągnięcia udanego efektu w sensie niezawodności i opłacalności przedsięwzięcia ważne jest przyjęcie podejścia holistycznego.
Źródło:
Nowa Energia; 2018, 5/6; 72-74
1899-0886
Pojawia się w:
Nowa Energia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza układu kogeneracyjnego jako źródła ciepła i energii elektrycznej w modelowym gospodarstwie rolnym
Analysis of cogeneration system as a source of heat and electric energy in a model farm
Autorzy:
Turowski, S.
Nowowiejski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/288542.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
kogeneracja
zespół spalinowo-energetyczny
biogazownia
system CHP
cogeneration
combustion-energy unit
biogas plant
CHP system
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono analizę energetyczną przykładowego gospodarstwa rolnego, w którym źródłem ciepła i prądu był układ kogeneracyjny zasilany biogazem. Biogaz z przyfermowej biogazowni był w całości zużywany przez silnik spalinowy, a ciepło i energia elektryczna uzyskana w zespole spalinowo-elektrycznym przeznaczone były na zaspokojenie potrzeb gospodarstwa. Bilans energetyczny wykazał około 10% nadwyżkę ciepła uzyskanego w sytemie kogeneracyjnym ponad potrzeby analizowanego gospodarstwa.
The article presents energy analysis for a model farm using a cogeneration system supplied with gas as a source of heat and electric current. Biogas from biogas plant located at the farm was consumed entirely by a combustion engine, while heat and electric energy generated in the combustion- electric unit were intended to satisfy farm needs. Energy balance shown approximately 10% surplus of heat obtained in the cogeneration system over the needs of the analysed farm.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2009, R. 13, nr 1, 1; 331-338
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combustion characteristics for small diesel engine by using emulsified blend fuels of vegetable oil and light oil
Autorzy:
Kawakami, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion characteristics
small diesel engine
ecology energy
Opis:
The paper is focusing on combustion characteristics for small diesel engine by using emulsified blend fuels of vegetable oil and light oil. Target is to achieve low emissions and low fuel consumption for internal combustion engines. The fuels used in this study are light oil, blend fuels [light oil + coconut oil, light oil + palm oil], and emulsified fuels [light oil + water, blend fuels + water]. Mean increasing rate of pressure is calculated from the value which subtracted initial pressure from maximum burning pressure divided by total burning time. The mean increasing ratio of pressure is calculated from the value which subtracted initial pressure from maximum burning pressure divided by the total burning time. The emissions in exhaust gas are measured with an analyzer of exhaust gas. The data of 30 tests for each engine revolutions were averaged arithmetically. Experimental approach and results have been presented by details. The main conclusions are as follows: it is possible to control the combustion behaviour by using blend fuels and emulsified blend fuels for small diesel engine; the maximum burning pressure of emulsified blend fuels increases at low engine speed; the CO emission of blend fuels is smaller than that of light oil; the NOX emission of emulsified coconut blend fuel and emulsified palm blend fuel is smaller than that of light oil; the CO emission of emulsified Coconut-Palm blend fuel is equal to that of light oil at low engine speed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 185-190
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hydrogen fuel in transportation
Autorzy:
Machač, Jiří
Majer, Milan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064814.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
hydrogen
hydrogen fuel cell
hydrogen combustion
renewable energy
Opis:
In the time, when the whole world is increasingly engaged in environmental protection, it is necessary to come up with a fuel alternative for transportation, which means generally abandon the use of non-renewable resources (petrol, oil and fossil fuel in general), as they are one of the many factors influencing the emergence of greenhouse gases and the associated global warming. In today's Europe, the pressure is put mainly on automotive companies, to search for sources other than conventional fuels. At present, there is a big boom in the area of electric cars powered from the power network – the vast majority of electric energy, however, is produced in fossil fuel power plants. The second option of possible development in this area is the use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel. This technology, whether it be direct combustion as in diesel or eventually in petrol engines, or energy production in a hydrogen fuel cell, is certainly the way suitable for further development. With hydrogen as a fuel, it is possible to reduce pollutants almost to zero. The article presents a comparison of electricity generated using renewable and non-renewable sources and focuses on a closer understanding of the myth of the dangers connected with using hydrogen as fuel. Furthermore, compares conventional fuels to re-newable hydrogen technologies and focuses on the hydrogen combustion engines together with hydrogen storage and application in transportation.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2019, 2, 1; 161--171
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Energy state impact on friction and wearing in combustion engines
Autorzy:
Borkowska, J.
Kaźmierczak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245428.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
friction
energy state
combustion engines
wetting drop
tribology
Opis:
Friction pairs are designed from elements, where is very difficult to define in unequivocal way all optimal parameters. Research on stability of friction pairs are focused on the surface and the top layer of surface in the parts. The main goal is find new solutions to design and material, thereby achieving one million kilometres of mileage to main repair in the case of internal combustion engines. The biggest structural difficulties are noticeable in friction pairs where we can observe sliding and returning motion, which is also connected with sealing function. Piston – ring – cylinder assembly of combustion engine has many friction pair's examples, also one of them, which decide about fastness to wear. A typical example of such a pair is first sealing ring – cylinder sleeve, called further in piston – rings – cylinder unit in combustion engine. Engineers are currently seeking an additional factor, which would be unable to gain the reduction of tangential force by reducing the friction coefficient in elements of friction pair during operations. Such a factor may be the surface free energy that results from molecular structure and nature of the bonds between the molecules present in the material. Components of surface free energy determine the tribological properties of the material, which is reflected in the stability of the units. The work aims to show the possibilities and benefits of the application of this new method in order to reduce wearing, which is consistent with the observed trend of technology development.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2017, 24, 4; 25-30
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Project of hybrid motor system in scooter
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, A.
Terelak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
hybrid
transport
electric
combustion engines
clean energy
ecology
Opis:
A hybrid electric vehicle is a vehicle which combines a conventional propulsion system with an on-board rechargeable energy storage system to achieve better fuel economy than a conventional vehicle without being hampered by range from a charging unit like a battery electric vehicle, which uses batteries charged by an external source. Hybrid vehicles have a conventional engine (gasoline or diesel) as well as a large battery and an electric motor, so that the wheels of the vehicle are driven by both an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. There are various arrangements for these two motors. The article presented the construction solutions and parameters of this hybrid also included information about basic actions of hybrid motor system in the scooter, with two different sources of power. Designed and carried out motor system in scooter included internal combustion engine and electric engine installed in wheel. Explained how accumulator charging system can charge batteries from the gasoline motor while scooter is traveling at normal road speeds and also how can be connected to a standard 230V. Showed how calculate circle of power between engines with take advantage of microcontroller and how special microcontroller system can control all function in scooter (for example: active source of power, speed, brakes, lights, level of voltage). Explored how energy recuperation system is working during braking of machine. Article included also some important information about few achievements like increasing of vehicle range, bigger stock of power, reduction of gas consumption and reduction of CO2 emission to atmosphere.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 159-162
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A New Prototype Design and Experimental Study for Assessing Spontaneous Coal Combustion
Autorzy:
Aryansyah, -
Ibrahim, Eddy
Nasir, Subriyer
Said, Muhammad
Kurniawan, Ian
Huda, Adri
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952386.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
coal
spontaneous combustion
energy management
environmental technology
oxidation
Opis:
This present study contribute to provide a simple technology to early detect the phenomenon of spontaneous coal combustion. A new prototype is designated to detect the CO gas formation as a product of initial coal oxidation. Moreover, several parameters including coal quality, coal weight sample, ambient temperature, and air flow were employed to investigate the effects of each parameter to the CO formation time. The results show that the coal characterisation have a significant effect in the CO formation time where the coal having a higher fixed carbon and high grass calorific values provide the high liability of spontaneous coal combustion. However, these finding only occurred in low weight sample where in the high coal weight sample only fixed carbon plays the main role in determining the CO formation time. Furthermore, the prototype ambient temperature become the important parameter in the boosting of CO formation time where airflow only enhance the CO formation time in low temperature condition (below 29°C). Moreover, these findings opens a new sight in coal management, especially in Indonesia, where controlling the coal and atmosphere temperature could effectively prevent the spontaneous coal combustion especially in coal stockpile. Nevertheless, the other factor including airflow and coal weight sample also need perfect controlling because all of these factors potentially create a perfect environment to combust the coal spontaneously.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 6; 9-17
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biomass Utilization as a Renevable Energy Source in Polish Power Industry – Current Status And Perspectives
Autorzy:
Gołuchowska, B.
Sławiński, J.
Markowski, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biomass
co-combustion
power plant
renewable energy sources
Opis:
The depletion of the conventional energy sources, as well as the degradation and pollution of the environment by the exploitation of fossil fuels caused the development of renewable energy sources (RES), including biomass. In Poland, biomass is the most popular renewable energy source, which is closely related to the obligations associated with the membership in the EU. Biomass is the oldest renewable energy source, and its potential, diversity and polymorphism place it over other sources. Besides, the improvement in its parameters, including an increase in its calorific value, resulted in increasing use of biomass as energy source. In the electric power industry biomass is applied in the process of co-combustion with coal. This process may contribute, inter alia, to the reduction in the emissions of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur oxides. The article presents the characteristics of the biomass burned in power boilers of one of the largest Polish power plants, located in Opole Province (Southern Poland). Besides, the impact of biomass on the installation of co-combustion, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the co-combustion process not only in technological, but also environmental, economic and social aspects were described.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2015, 16, 3; 143-154
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Conception of valuation of combustion engine operation
Autorzy:
Girtler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244104.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
heat
operation
energy
work
semi-Markov process
combustion engine
Opis:
The work provides a proposal of interpretation showing operation in terms of values being compared to a physical quantity with the unit of measure called joule-second, just like operations of Hamilton and Maupertius demonstrated in classical mechanics. Operation in this interpretation is also considered in quantum mechanics, referring to body electromagnetic radiation source of which operation is characterized by Planck constant. An original method of analysis and evaluation of machine operation is herein presented in the energetic aspect, as the result of applying the theory of semi-Markov processes. In order to give grounds for usability of such interpreted operation it has been employed the model describing changes in energy of combustion engines, in the form of state-discrete and time-continuous semi-Markov process. The process is thus a semi-Markov model of getting worse combustion engine operation run with the lapse of time and regaining the initial energetic state of the engine after its refurbishment. The limiting distribution of the process has been determined with probabilities of occurring the distinguished energetic states of mentioned engines. The paper shows that the proposed interpretation for the operation enables making a graph of operation, which demonstrates engine operation in the form of field. The attention is paid that the engine operation in the presented version has got the advantage that can be expressed as a quantity with the joule-second as a unit of measure and as a graph in the form of operation field. The coordinate system for presenting the operation as a field, proposed in this paper, refers to the known in thermodynamics possibility of expressing the energy conversion sorts like work and heat (according to the conception of Clapeyron and Belpaire) in the form of fields.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 2; 89-96
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The semi-Markov model of energy state changes of the main marine internal combustion engine and method for evaluating its operation during ship voyage
Autorzy:
Girtler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
operation
energy
semi-Markov process
piston internal combustion engine
Opis:
The article presents a method for evaluating the operation of internal combustion engines used as the main engines in the propulsion systems of sea-going ships in various operating conditions. This method enables calculating the engine operation value based on the theory of semi-Markov processes and mathematical statistics. What is noteworthy, the operation of the examined internal combustion engines is compared to a physical quantity which is expressed in the form of a number with the measure unit called joule-second. a model having the form of a semi-Markov process is proposed to describe the energy state changes taking place in the main engines during their operation. Also proposed is the use of the point and interval estimation at a given confidence level â for determining the value of the energy converted in the engine during its operation for the known and unknown standard energy deviation treated as the random variable. The semi-Markov model of changes of the energy converted in the engine during its operation is presented in a general form. The above model was used for determining the ship’s main engine operation, which is in the examined case a function of the energy converted in particular energy states, the expected value of the time of duration of these states and the probability of their existence. These probabilities compose the limiting distribution of the semi-Markov process, the values of which are the specified main engine energy states.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2011, 4; 36-42
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Operation evaluation method for marine turbine combustion engines in terms of energetics
Autorzy:
Dzida, M.
Girtler, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259307.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
work
Hamilton work
Maupertius work
energy
turbine combustion engine
Opis:
An evaluation proposal (quantitative determination) of any combustion turbine engine operation has been presented , wherein the impact energy occurs at a given time due to Energy conversion. The fact has been taken into account that in this type of internal combustion engines the energy conversion occurs first in the combustion chambers and in the spaces between the blade of the turbine engine. It was assumed that in the combustion chambers occurs a conversion of chemical energy contained in the fuel-air mixture to the internal energy of the produced exhaust gases. This form of energy conversion has been called heat. It was also assumed that in the spaces between the blades of the rotor turbine, a replacement occurs of part of the internal energy of the exhaust gas, which is their thermal energy into kinetic energy conversion of its rotation. This form of energy conversion has been called the work. Operation of the combustion engine has been thus interpreted as a transmission of power receivers in a predetermined time when there the processing and transfer in the form (means) of work and heat occurs. Valuing the operation of this type of internal combustion engines, proposed by the authors of this article, is to determine their operation using physical size, which has a numerical value and a unit of measurement called joule-second [joule x second]. Operation of the combustion turbine engine resulting in the performance of the turbine rotor work has been presented, taking into account the fact that the impeller shaft is connected to the receiver, which may be a generator (in the case of one-shaft engine) or a propeller of the ship (in the case of two or three shaft engine).
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2016, 4; 67-72
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation of waste heat recovery for automobile application based on a thermoelectric module
Autorzy:
Buchalik, R.
Buczkowski, D.
Przybyła, G.
Nowak, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243601.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
energy harvesting
combustion engine
heat recovery
exhaust gas
thermoelectric effect
Opis:
The article presents a brief discussion about issues of energy harvesting of waste heat generated during the operation of the SI (spark ignition) internal combustion engine (ICE). The available methods of implementation and the problems associated with them were presented. In recent years, there has been an increase in the significance of successful researches on new types of thermoelectric modules. Despite relatively low efficiency of the thermoelectric modules, a systematic growth in their interest is observed. Their application seems to be reasonable because of many advantages - mainly the simplicity. The paper contains the literature review in the subject of interest. For the purpose of this work, a test rig was designed and manufactured. The test rig consists of a single thermoelectric module and makes it possible to work in variety of operating conditions for different values of the exhaust gas flow rate and temperature. It is equipped with an automatic, servo controlled, movable element, which control direction of the exhaust gas flow and as a result changes the heat flux transferred via the thermoelectric module. This solution allows achieving the maximum power of the thermoelectric module in a wide range of ICE operating conditions and also allows adjusting operating parameters to actual working conditions of the whole system. The problems encountered during the construction of the test rig and the proposed solutions of practical implementation were described. Experimental research was conducted on a small size automobile petrol engine. The influence of electrical parameters at the output on the whole system was analysed. The results suggest that the actual thermoelectric module parameters, especially the thermal conductivity, vary from declared by the producer. Maximum achieved electric power output reached about 10 W from a single thermoelectric module (57 mm x 54 mm), which is nearly half of the declared value.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 4; 25-32
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Model and experimental research of the pressure cooling system for the internal combustion engine
Autorzy:
Krakowski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244930.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion engines
cooling system
energy balance
engine efficiency
environmental protection
Opis:
In this paper, the existing methods to reduce the heat discharged by the engine were characterized and the efficiency of combustion piston engine was analysed, where it was shown the need and the potential for reducing the heat dissipated directly or indirectly to the surrounding atmosphere. The model of the engine cooling system for high coolant temperature developed through AMESim software was presented in this paper. The model of the cooling system was made based on test stand solution designed and built using original components and units diesel engine 4CT90. The simulation researches results of temperature course and pressure course were shown. In this paper was demonstrated that it is possible to maintain the assumed constant pressure of 0.3 MPa in the system and obtain it at the elevated liquid temperature leading to an increase in overall engine efficiency. These researches were carried out also on the experimental model stand, which confirmed the results obtained in simulation researches. Then 4CT90 engine test stand was described, where speed characteristics as a function of torque, power and specific fuel consumption and load characteristics as a function of the fractions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, as well as specific and hourly fuel consumption were performed. Comparison of parameters and efficiency assessment of engine interacts with a traditional and pressure cooling system. The efficiency of the engine with the pressure and a traditional cooling system was evaluated.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 289-296
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research and development of a high-performance oxy-fuel combustion power cycle with coal gasification
Autorzy:
Kindra, Vladimir
Rogalev, Andrey
Zlyvko, Olga
Sokolov, Vladimir
Milukov, Igor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1955073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
carbon dioxide
Oxy-fuel combustion
Gasification
energy efficiency
thermodynamic analysis
Opis:
Recent climate changes stimulate the search and introduction of solutions for the reduction of the anthropogenic effect upon the environment. Transition to the oxy-fuel combustion power cycles is an advanced method of CO2 emission reduction. In these energy units, the main fuel is natural gas but the cycles may also work on syngas produced by the solid fuel gasification process. This paper discloses a new highly efficient oxy-fuel combustion power cycle with coal gasification, which utilizes the syngas heat in two additional nitrogen gas turbine units. The cycle mathematics simulation and optimization result with the energy unit net efficiency of 40.43%. Parametric studies of the cycle show influence of the parameters upon the energy unit net efficiency. Change of the cycle fuel from natural gas to coal is followed by a nearly twice increase of the carbon dioxide emission from 4.63 to 9.92 gmCO2/kWh.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2021, 42, 4; 155-168
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on combustion mode of methanol micro-reciprocating piston internal combustion engine
Autorzy:
Tang, Gang Zhi
Wang, Shuai Bin
Zhang, Li
Shang, Hui Chao
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/329276.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
micro-energy power systems
combustion diagnosis
combustion model
methanol
silnik spalinowy
diagnostyka spalania
model spalania
metanol
Opis:
Constrained by the micro-space structure, it is proposed to use platinum wire incandescent ignition combustion mode to achieve the operation of internal combustion engine. However, the combustion test of the platinum wire incandescent ignition in miniature piston internal combustion engine shows: the combustion mode of micro-space platinum wire incandescent ignition has a poor combustion characteristic, low heat release rate, long combustion duration, and low combustion pressure. Therefore, a homogenous charge compression ignition mode is proposed to realize the operation of miniature internal combustion engine. However, it is found that the compression combustion cannot be come true in the cold start-up state of the micro engine. And the compression combustion in the first cycle was realized by the way of increasing the temperature of the cylinder block and platinum wire appropriately. The results show that: The maximum heat release rate is obviously improved and the combustion duration shortened by 28.6ºCA, and pmi increased by 76%. So, a novel hybrid combustion mode of in-cylinder compression combustion supported by the platinum wire incandescent ignition is put forward, through the way of adjusting the temperature of platinum wire, and this combustion mode is regarded as the ideal combustion mode of micro reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2020, 21, 1; 97-103
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The efficiency analysis of an asynchronous generator supplying single-phase receiver sets in an agricultural farm
Analiza efektywnosci generatora asynchronicznego zasilajacego odbiorniki jednofazowe w gospodarstwie rolnym
Autorzy:
Makarski, P.
Scibisz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
asynchronous generator
generator efficiency
single-phase receiver
agricultural farm
electrical energy
combustion engine
energy network
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2011, 11
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simplified calculation of combustion progress in the IC engine
Uproszczona metoda obliczania postepu spalania w silniku o spalaniu wewnetrznym
Autorzy:
Szwaja, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792330.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
combustion engine
heat release rate
mass fraction burnst
energy conservation law
crank angle
internal combustion engine
equation
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2011, 11
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
System rekuperacji energii REST w układzie wylotowym małolitrażowego silnika spalinowego
Construction of the exhaust system small passenger internal combustion engine using rest
Autorzy:
Olszowiec, P.
Luft, M.
Łukasik, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/316682.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
system REST
silnik spalinowy
energia elektryczna
REST
combustion engine
electric energy
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono budowę układu wydechowego silnika spalinowego 1.2 TCe firmy Renault, współpracującego z autorskim systemem rekuperacji energii REST. W materiale zawarto obliczenia i modyfikacje towarzyszące implementacji systemu odzysku energii elektrycznej z układu wydechowego. Ponad to artykuł zawiera teoretyczne rozważania dalszych zmian i rozwiązań technicznych wpływających na sprawność i stabilność systemu.
The design of the exhaust system of the 1.2 TCe engine from Renault, co-operating. With the original REST energy recuperation system. The material included the calculations and modifications accompanying the implementation of the exhaust gas recovery system. The article further contains further theoretical considerations. Changes and technical solutions that affect system efficiency and stability.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2017, 18, 6; 1000-1002, CD
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of energy efficiency of the municipal waste treatment plant in Krakow and Bialystok
Porównanie efektywności energetycznej instalacji termicznego przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych w Krakowie i Białymstoku
Autorzy:
Jędrzejowski, P.
Latosińska, J.
Masternak, P.
Michno, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/402232.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach. Wydawnictwo PŚw
Tematy:
combustion
energy recovery
municipal waste
energy efficiency coefficient
spalanie
odzysk energii
odpady komunalne
współczynnik efektywności energetycznej
Opis:
Thermal treatment of municipal waste is a method that has been rediscovered in Poland in recent years. National installations for thermal treatment of municipal waste launched in recent years draw on the experience of plants around the world and they use repeatedly proven technologies. Poland, within the framework of EU commitments, must reduce the amount of biodegradable waste going to landfills to 35% by weight of the total municipal waste by July 16, 2020. Other biodegradable waste that can not be recycled should be subjected to biological or thermal decomposition. The purpose of this publication is to determine the efficiency of Polish installations for the thermal treatment of municipal waste, by comparing the energy efficiency ratio of installations in Kraków and Bialystok. These are two of the six installations of thermal waste treatment, which were created in 2015-2016. The Krakow incineration plant is the largest, and the Białystok one of the smallest.
Termiczne przekształcanie odpadów komunalnych to metoda w Polsce na nowo odkryta w ostatnich latach. Krajowe instalacje termicznego przetwarzania odpadów komunalnych uruchamiane w ostatnich latach czerpią z doświadczeń zakładów na całym świecie i stosują wielokrotnie sprawdzone technologie. Polska, w ramach zobowiązań unijnych do 16 lipca 2020 roku musi ograniczyć ilość odpadów biodegradowalnych trafiających na składowiska do 35% wagowo całkowitej masy odpadów komunalnych. Pozostałe odpady biodegradowalne, których nie można poddać recyklingowi powinny być poddane rozkładowi biologicznemu lub termicznemu. Celem niniejszej publikacji jest określenie efektywności polskich instalacji termicznego przekształcania odpadów komunalnych, poprzez porównanie współczynnika efektywności energetycznej instalacji w Krakowie oraz Białymstoku. Są to dwie z sześciu instalacji termicznego przekształcania odpadów, które powstały w latach 2015-2016. Krakowska spalarnia jest największą, a białostocka jedną z najmniejszych.
Źródło:
Structure and Environment; 2018, 10, 4; 357-366
2081-1500
Pojawia się w:
Structure and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life cycle assessment analysis of supercritical coal power units
Autorzy:
Ziębik, A.
Hoinka, K.
Liszka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/240919.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CCS
dopalanie
LCA
ocena ekologiczna
spalanie tlenu
zużycie energii
cumulative energy consumption
ecological analysis
oxy-combustion
post-combustion
Opis:
This paper presents the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) analysis concerning the selected options of supercritical coal power units. The investigation covers a pulverized power unit without a CCS (Carbon Capture and Storage) installation, a pulverized unit with a "post-combustion" installation (MEA type) and a pulverized power unit working in the "oxy-combustion" mode. For each variant the net electric power amounts to 600 MW. The energy component of the LCA analysis has been determined. It describes the depletion of non-renewable natural resources. The energy component is determined by the coefficient of cumulative energy consumption in the life cycle. For the calculation of the ecological component of the LCA analysis the cumulative CO2 emission has been applied. At present it is the basic emission factor for the LCA analysis of power plants. The work also presents the sensitivity analysis of calculated energy and ecological factors.
Źródło:
Archives of Thermodynamics; 2010, 31, 3; 115-130
1231-0956
2083-6023
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Thermodynamics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Petrograficzna charakterystyka pelletów drzewnych dostępnych w obrocie handlowym na terenie Polski
The petrographic characteristics of wood pellets available on the Polish market
Autorzy:
Nocoń, A.
Jelonek, I.
Jach-Nocoń, M.
Jelonek, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/394251.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
pellet drzewny
spalanie
biomasa
odnawialne źródła energii
petrografia
wood pellets
pellet combustion
biomass combustion
renewable energy
petrographic analyses
Opis:
Pellety drzewne są klasyfikowane jako biomasa stała. Stanowią jedno z najpopularniejszych w Europie paliw stosowanych do ekologicznego ogrzewania, szczególnie w sektorze małego ciepłownictwa, spalane są w domowych kotłach małej mocy. Popularność pelletu oraz automatycznych urządzeń grzewczych umożliwiających spalanie tego paliwa wzrosła ze względu na rosnący problem zanieczyszczenia powietrza atmosferycznego (smogu) oraz w związku z licznymi powstającymi programami ograniczenia niskiej emisji (PONE). Pellet drzewny powstaje w wyniku kompresji materiału pochodzącego z drzew iglastych (w główniej mierze) oraz liściastych i zaliczany jest do odnawialnych źródeł energii. Celem prezentowanych badań było porównanie jakości pelletów drzewnych pochodzących od różnych producentów, wykorzystywanych w domowych kotłowniach na paliwa stałe na podstawie jakościowej i ilościowej identyfikacji zanieczyszczeń obecnych w badanym paliwie uzyskanym z rynku krajowego. Innowacją w prezentowanej pracy jest zastosowanie analizy petrograficznej dla paliwa w postaci pelletu, która dotychczas stosowana była jedynie w odniesieniu do paliw kopalnych. Analizę mikroskopową przeprowadzono zarówno dla pelletów certyfikowanych (EN Plus/DIN Plus), jak i niecertyfikowanych dostępnych na rynku. Niestety, analiza wykazała obecność niebezpiecznych kontaminacji w obu typach pelletu. Niedopuszczalne wtrącenia organiczne w analizowanych próbkach to: węgle kopalne i ich pochodne oraz materiały polimerowe pochodzenia naturalnego. Niedozwolone inkluzje nieorganiczne wyznaczone w analizowanych próbkach to: rdza, kawałki metalu, tworzywa sztuczne i materiały polimerowe pochodzenia nieorganicznego.
Wood pellets are classified as a solid biomass type. They are one of the most popular bio-heating fuels used in Europe, especially in the small heating sector, where pellets are burned in low-power domestic boilers. The pellets and automatic pellet-fired heating devices gained popularity due to the increasing air pollution (smog) problem and the low emission limiting campaigns associated with it. Wood pellets are formed as a result of small forestry particles mechanical compression (mainly conifers originated) and they are listed among renewable energy sources. The purpose of the presented studies was to compare the quality of wood pellets used for pellet-fired boilers and to identify, qualitatively and quantitatively, impurities marked in the samples obtained from the domestic market. The application of petrographic analyses, applied so far in relation to fossil fuels, is a presented work innovation for wood pellets. The microscopic analyses were performed on both certified (ENplus/DINplus) and uncertified wood pellets available on the market. Unfortunately, the analysis revealed that the quality requirements were not met, because of the unacceptable contamination presence. The unacceptable organic inclusions in the analyzed samples are fossil coals and their derivatives, coke, and polymeric materials of natural origin. Unacceptable inorganic inclusions determined in the analyzed samples were: glass, slag, rust, pieces of metal, stone powder, plastic, and polymeric materials of inorganic origin.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN; 2018, 104; 131-139
2080-0819
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rezul'taty ehksperimental'nogo issledovanija opredelenija ehnergeticheskojj cennosti solomy l'da
Results of experimental studies determining the energy values straw flax
Autorzy:
Vasilenkov, V.
Gudzenko, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/77312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
straw
flax
combustion heat
solid fuel
calorimetric bomb
energy value
experimental study
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2014, 16, 3
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Środowiskowe i ekonomiczne skutki wykorzystania ziarna owsa na cele energetyczne
Environmental and economic effects of the use of grain oat for energy purposes
Autorzy:
Głowacka, A.
Zych, M.
Żołnierczuk, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/400497.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
owies
spalanie
wartość energetyczna
skutki środowiskowe
oats
combustion
energy value
environmental effects
Opis:
Zakłada się, że biomasa będzie jednym z podstawowych niekonwencjonalnych źródeł energii w Polsce. Spośród roślin zbożowych uprawianych w Polsce ziarno owsa wydaje się być najbardziej przydatne do wykorzystania na cele energetyczne, gdyż ma on mniejsze znaczenie konsumpcyjne i paszowe, technologia uprawy jest dobrze znana rolnikom, a wartość energetyczną wynosi ok. 17 MJ·kg-1. Celem prowadzonych badań była ocena opłacalności oraz wpływu na środowisko wykorzystania ziarna owsa do bezpośredniego spalania, w porównaniu z paliwem konwencjonalnym tj. miał węglowy. W części ekonomicznej przeprowadzono uproszczoną kalkulację kosztów produkcji ziarna owsa i porównano je z kosztem zakupu owsa oraz miału węglowego. Przeanalizowano również wpływ uprawy owsa na środowisko przyrodnicze oraz oszacowano emisję gazów i pyłów w czasie spalania ziarna, a uzyskane wyniki porównano z wpływem na środowisko produkcji miału węglowego uwzględniając wydobycie, transport i spalanie tego rodzaju paliwa. Stwierdzono, że wykorzystanie owsa na cele energetyczne jest efektywne ekonomicznie, zwłaszcza jeśli ziarno jest produkowane we własnym gospodarstwie z wykorzystaniem technologii niskonakładowych. Daje również korzyści środowiskowe, gdyż pozwala na ograniczenie zużycia surowców kopalnych oraz zmniejsza emisję uciążliwych gazów i pyłów do atmosfery.
It is assumed that the biomass is one of the basic non-conventional energy sources in Poland. Among the cereals cultivated in Poland grain oats appears to be the most useful to be used for energy purposes, as it is less important for consumption and feed, cultivation technology is well known to farmers and the energy value of approx. 17 MJ kg-1. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and environmental impact of the use of oats for direct combustion, as compared with conventional fuel ie. the fine coal. In the economic part a simplified calculation of the cost of oats production was carried out and next it was compared with the cost of the purchase of oats and fine coal. The impact of oats to the environment was also analyzed and the natural emission of gases and dust during grain combustion. The results were compared with the impact on the environment taking into account the production of fine coal mining, transport and combustion of the fuel. It was found that the use of oats for energy purposes is cost-effective, especially if the grain is produced on their own farm using low-cost technology. It also provides environmental benefits, as it allows to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and reduce the emission of noxious gases and dust into the atmosphere.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna; 2016, 49; 117-123
2081-139X
2392-0629
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Ekologiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of thermodynamics, mass exchange and heat transfer of plasmatron plasma reactor for recycling of used electric and electronic components
Autorzy:
Szałatkiewicz, J.
Budny, E.
Szewczyk, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246576.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
model
simulation
recycling
energy recovery
combustion
environmental protection
electric waste
electronic waste
Opis:
New technologies and systems require precise insight of theirs parameters, which are in some cases difficult to measure. One of technique for obtaining of such data is simulation and modelling of objects, processes and theirs parameters. Application of mathematical modelling for thermodynamics, mass exchange and heat transfer calculation is presented in this article. Mathematical model of the plasmatron plasma reactor was developed and allows simulation of reactor and process parameters including: heat release during combustion, heat transfer from combustion process and exhaust gases to the reactors walls, temperature calculation inside the chamber, surface film conductance by convection and radiation, heat carried out with fumes, and other. The model was implemented in OCTAVE software and it can be calculated for relatively short time on single PC computer. Model of plasmatron reactor chamber allows quantitative simulation of the phenomena occurring in the exanimated process. Moreover, model allows answering how to control the process, and identification of correlations with sensitivity analysis. The article presents results of modelling of key process parameters of the plasma reactor essential for developed process understanding and analysis. Calculations results are interesting and important for further technology development for example, change of heat carried with fumes, or surface film conductance, which are hard to measure. Developed model offers good accuracy of calculations and correlation to measurements on experimental setup, and allows further optimization, scaling and development.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2016, 23, 2; 357-363
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Możliwości energetycznego wykorzystania biomasy słonecznika bulwiastego (Helianthus tuberosus L.)
Possibility of the energy use of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.)
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk-Juśko, A.
Cholewińska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311402.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
słonecznik bulwiasty
biomasa
wartość energetyczna
spalanie
fermentacja
Jerusalem artichoke
biomass
energy
combustion
fermentation
Opis:
W artykule zaprezentowano możliwości energetycznego wykorzystania jednej z wieloletnich roślin - słonecznika bulwiastego. Ten mało znany w Polsce gatunek, nazywany potocznie topinamburem, może znaleźć zastosowanie w energetyce jako źródło biomasy stałej lub surowiec do produkcji bioetanolu lub biogazu. Do jego zalet należy duża trwałość, małe wymagania, wielokierunkowe zastosowanie i znaczny potencjał plonowania. Ocena właściwości nadziemnych części tej rośliny wykazała, że są one przydatne do spalania, a skład chemiczny i wartość energetyczna jest zbliżona do innych rodzajów biomasy. Kiszonka ze świeżych części nadziemnych oraz bulwy przydatne są do fermentacji metanowej, zaś same bulwy - do produkcji bioetanolu.
The paper presents the possibility of the energy use of one of the perennial plants - Jerusalem artichoke. This little known in Poland species, commonly known as „topinambur”, can be used in the energy sector as a source of solid biomass or raw material for the production of bio-ethanol or biogas. Its advantages include high durability, low requirements, multi-applicable and significant potential for yielding. Evaluation of the above-ground parts of the plant showed that they are suitable for combustion, and the chemical composition and the energy value is similar to other types of biomass. Silage of fresh biomass and tubers are useful for methane fermentation, and tuber themselves - for the production of bioethanol.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2012, 13, 10; 232-234
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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