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    Wyświetlanie 1-4 z 4
    Tytuł:
    Образовательная и кадровая политика царизма в Беларуси в 1860-е гг.
    Educational and Personnel Policy of Tsarism in Belarus in the 1860s
    Autorzy:
    Ostroga, Walentina
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1798587.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-11-21
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
    Tematy:
    educational policy
    educational institution
    teacher
    secret schools
    personnel issue
    political security
    elementary public school
    Opis:
    The article notes that the duality, inconsistency, and reactionarity of the educational policy of the tsarist government after the uprising of 1863–1864 was largely dictated by the desire to reduce Polish influence and accelerate the russification of the region. The Ministry of Public Education did not care so much about the dissemination of education as about protecting the public with “reasonable restrictions”. In accordance with its political and ideological goals, the network of parish schools expanded, the training of teaching staff was restrained, and strict control was established over the activities of teachers and their political trustworthiness. Tsarism formed a model of an “ideal” teacher: devoted to the church and the throne, tolerant, imperceptible, and obedient, who in his pedagogical activity was to follow the official course. There was a tendency to attract people from the central provinces of Russia who graduated from theological seminaries, as well as Orthodox priests, to fulfill teaching duties.
    Źródło:
    Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej; 2020, 13; 54-71
    1898-4215
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Interkulturowe Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Działalność władz szkolnych oraz kierowników szkół w powiecie tarnowskim w zakresie szkolnictwa powszechnego w latach 1918-1939
    Work of the School Authorities and School Headmasters in the Tarnów District in the Sphere of Elementary Education in the Years 1918-1939
    Autorzy:
    Juśko, Edmund
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953737.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    edukacja publiczna
    szkoły powszechne
    władza szkolna
    Tarnów
    powiat tarnowski
    public education
    elementary schools
    school authorities
    Tarnów District
    Opis:
    The District School Council in Tarnów began its work on 1 July 1921. School Inspectors Jan Szumski, Jan Lubowiecki, Leon Grabowiecki, Stefan Mucha and Franciszek Tomaszkiewicz were its subsequent chairmen. The duties of subinspectors were carried out by Leon Staranka and Henryk Zahaczewski. School inspectors were the first instance authority in the school district. Their duties included supervising the elementary education and managing it by forming the school network, watching over the children to make them carry out their school duties, and appointing temporary teachers. They were not only responsible for the standard of teaching but for the level of education as well. They also supervised private elementary schools. As part of their supervising activities the inspectors visited schools; they also controlled and discussed a variety of questions connected with didactic and educational work of the schools. The aim of the visits was to check the standard of work and of functioning of elementary schools. During the visits the inspectors were supposed to pay attention to: carrying out the school's statute tasks, the proper way of teaching the curricula and educating the pupils, and observance of the law regulations. Apart from the questions connected with didactics and education, also problems connected with organization of work, a proper order in the schools, school documents and the pupils' attendance were subject to the inspectors' attention. These were the questions that the inspectors assessed when their visits to schools had a different form. In order to examine a particular problem, eg. that of attendance, inspectors carried out the so-called inspections. School inspectors also very often undertook activities aimed at perfecting the teachers' skills. They organized meetings, conferences and courses. They participated in the qualifying exams for teachers. School inspectors were responsible for organization, state and efficiency of additional training for public schools headmasters and teachers. School inspectors' work in the district was, on the whole, favorably viewed by teachers. Knowing the school realities they were able to offer help suitable for the needs and the real conditions obtaining in schools. When analyzing the reports of the teaching staff conferences it can be noticed that the inspectors were able to point to both the good sides of the work of schools and teachers, and to their mistakes. Putting forward recommendations they accurately pointed to the origin of the committed mistakes and the ways they could be mended. Local school councils played an important role in the school circles. Most councils carried out their duties in the way that was favorable for the school. Apart from matters that were important for the functioning of the schools, local school councils often made decisions about seemingly trivial problems. The headmasters played an important role in theirs schools. They headed the elementary schools and represented them. The headmaster's fundamental task was contributing, as far as he could, to general education. In that period, which was so difficult for education, a decided majority of headmasters in the district showed managing skills, knowledge of both their work and methods to do it, and the ability to establish contacts with the parents and the local circles. It was owing to them that schools could work normally to a certain degree, even though they were teaching and educating children often in extremely bad material conditions. The headmasters had to show especially much patience when fixing problems connected with the material basis. The difficult economic situation of the parents and of the local authorities caused that schools were often considered to be unnecessary. The managing staff of most schools in the district showed organizing skills, a profound knowledge, both methodic and factual as well as knowledge of the law regulations and a lot of pedagogical tact.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2005, 53, 2; 117-136
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Szkoła na XXI wiek...
    School for the 21st century...
    Autorzy:
    Kłakówna, Zofia Agnieszka
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1076554.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    system of education
    school
    elementary
    public
    general preparatory
    compulsory
    model of education
    civilisational and cultural context
    quality of education
    system edukacji
    szkoła
    powszechna
    publiczna
    ogólnokształcąca
    obowiązkowa
    model edukacji
    kontekst cywilizacyjno-kulturowy
    jakość edukacji
    Opis:
    Artykuł dotyczy publicznego systemu obowiązkowej, ogólnej edukacji powszechnej i jego aktualnej realizacji w Polsce. W zamierzeniu stanowi zachętę do całościowej debaty, która obejmowałaby aspekty (1) prawne oraz (2) organizacyjne funkcjonowania tego systemu i służyła gruntownemu (3) przepracowaniu myślenia o celach oraz merytorycznych aspektach powszechnej, podstawowej edukacji ogólnej, stosownie do wyzwań, które stawia przed człowiekiem życie we współczesnym kontekście cywilizacyjno-kulturowym. W końcowej partii tekstu sformułowane zostały sugestie założeń i zasad, które opisują postulowany model szkoły.
    The article focuses on the public system of compulsory, general elementary education and its current realisation in Poland. The aim is to encourage a broad-based debate that would encompass 1) legal and 2) organisational aspects of functioning of this system and would help to 3) thoroughly analyse thinking about aims and substantive aspects of elementary general education in compliance with challenges that life in the contemporary civilisational and cultural context poses to a man. In the final part of the text the author formulated suggestions of assumptions and principles that describe the postulated school model.
    Źródło:
    Polonistyka. Innowacje; 2018, 8; 191-208
    2450-6435
    Pojawia się w:
    Polonistyka. Innowacje
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wybrane aspekty sytuacji zawodowej żydowskich nauczycielek i nauczycieli w publicznym szkolnictwie powszechnym Polski międzywojennej na łamach biuletynu „Życie Nauczycielskie” (1926–1939)
    Some Aspects Regarding the Professional Situation of Female and Male Jewish Teachers in the Interwar Polish Public Elementary Education System as Presented in the “Życie nauczycielskie” Periodical (1926–1939)
    Autorzy:
    Piotrowska-Marchewa, Monika
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47752687.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
    Tematy:
    Gustaw Butlow
    Ludwika Sachsowa
    acculturation of the Jews
    assimilation
    Central Jewish School Organisation
    male Jewish teachers
    female Jewish teachers
    Polish Association of Freethinkers (PAF)
    Professional Association of Poland’s Elementary School Teachers
    Professional Association of Teachers of Jewish Schools in Poland
    Public elementary education for national minorities of the Second Republic of Poland
    akulturacja Żydów
    asymilacja
    Centralna Żydowska Organizacja Szkolna
    nauczyciele żydowscy
    Stowarzyszenie Wolnomyślicieli Polskich (SWP)
    „szabasówka”
    Związek Zawodowy Nauczycieli Szkół Żydowskich w Polsce
    nauczycielki żydowskie
    publiczne szkolnictwo powszechne dla mniejszości narodowych II Rzeczypospolitej
    Zawodowe Zrzeszenie Nauczycielstwa Szkół Powszechnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
    Opis:
    This paper presents a characteristic of the Życie nauczycielskie (Teacher’s Life) periodical: the bulletin of the Professional Association of Poland’s Elementary School Teachers (Polish: Zawodowe Zrzeszenie Nauczycielstwa Szkół Powszechnych Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, 1926–1939). This association of Jewish teachers active in Polish public elementary schools has not, until now, been an object of detailed studies. Życie nauczycielskie, with socialist activist Ludwika Sachsowa as editor-in-chief, was a platform or the exchange of ideas and experiences between teachers working in Jewish schools, colloquially called “szabasówki”. Today, it can be considered an interesting, if somewhat forgotten, voice of a circle of secular, mostly female teachers espousing predominantly the political ideas of the democratic left . The periodical’s contents also serve to illustrate the realities of this acculturated social and professional group’s functioning: under conditions of increasingly assimilative tendencies of the educational policies of Poland’s authoritarian interwar Sanation regime and the strained Polish-Jewish relations on the precipice of World War II.
    Źródło:
    Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty; 2022, 59; 165-187
    0080-4754
    Pojawia się w:
    Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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