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Tytuł:
Wybrane własności stopowej warstwy wierzchniej na bazie wolframu, wytworzonej techniką ESD
Investigation of the selected properties of superficial layer alloyed with the tungsten electrodes using ESD technique
Autorzy:
Spadło, S.
Młynarczyk, P.
Depczyński, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/252000.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
technika ESD
elektroda wolframowa
elektroda stopowa
ESD technique
tungsten electrode
alloy electrode
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono krótką analizę mikroosadzania elektroiskrowego z użyciem elektrody wolframowej. Metoda osadzania elektroiskrowego (ESD) jest metodą obróbki wykonywaną na obrabiarkach EDM wykorzystującą także elektrody stopowe. Elektroda jest wykonana z materiału, który ma być osadzony na powierzchni części obrabianej. Zwrócono uwagę na możliwości stosowania hybrydowego stopowania (wyładowania elektrycznego z oddziaływaniem mechanicznym) jako proces doskonalenia powierzchni dla skomplikowanych części maszyn. Powłoki przeciwzużyciowe nałożono na stal węglową C45 z wykorzystaniem mikrowyładowań elektrycznych pomiędzy powierzchnią stopowaną i drutem elektrody. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na możliwości stosowania metody w zwiększaniu odporności na ścierania narzędzi, form wtryskowych i części maszyn. Dokonano oceny rozkładu pierwiastków w warstwie wierzchniej. Wyniki badań wykazały, że istnieje możliwość uzyskania zadowalającej jakości połączenia pomiędzy stalą C45 i nanoszoną warstwą wolframową.
The paper presents a brief study of microelectrospark deposition (ESD) with use of a tungsten electrode. The electrodischarge alloying with wire electrodes is machining method performed on using EDM machine with the help of alloy electrode. Electrode is made of material which is to be deposited on the part surface. Attention has been paid to the possibilities of applying hybrid alloying (electrical discharge deposition with mechanical interaction) as a surface improvement process for complex shape parts. The antiwear coatings were applied on carbon steel C45 with use of micro electrical discharges between alloy-ing surface and wire electrode. Special attention has been paid to the possibilities of applying mentioned method to increase abrasive wear resistance of tools, injection moulds and machine parts. Evaluation of elements distribution in the superficial layer was made. The results of investigations showed that there is a possibility to obtain the satisfying quality of joint between the carbon steel C45 and tungsten layer.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2015, 12; 1411-1413, CD
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multi-criteria optimization method in micro-EDM using TiN coated tungsten carbide electrode
Autorzy:
Nguyen, Phan-Huu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
micro-EDM
coated electrode
TOPSIS
Opis:
Even though the coated electrode can enhance the machining efficiency in micro-EDM process, it is essential to introduce optimization approach for further enhancing the process. Hence the present study was performed with multi-criteria optimization in micro-EDM using TiN coated tungsten carbide electrode for machining Ti-6Al-4V. The Z coordinator (Z) and tool wear rate (TWR) were used as the quality parameters to evaluate the machinability. The voltage (U), capacitance (C) and spindle rotational speed (n) were considered a the technological parameters. The Technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method was a suitable solution to determine the optimal result with the help of S/N analysis and by ranking. It was found that capacitance has more significant nature in the process. The optimal process parameters combination was found with better accuracy and lower prediction error of 1.03%. The better machined surface quality was also observed under optimal conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2022, 22, 2; 148--160
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The optimization of micro-EDM machining process when using carbon coated micro electrode as a tool
Autorzy:
Mac, Thi Bich
Shirguppikar, Shailesh
Ganachari, Vaibhav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24084638.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
micro-EDM
coated electrode
optimisation
Opis:
The amount of electrode wear in micro-EDM has a direct effect on the dimensional accuracy of the machined hole. Therefore, improving the corrosion resistance of electrodes in micro-EDM is still of great interest. The effective coating of thin film for the micro tool electrodes in the case of micro-EDM can lead to minimize the electrode wear which eventually improve the productivity and machining quality. In the present study, experiments were performed on micro-EDM using carbon coated tool electrode and optimized using Taguchi-Topsis to investigate optimum levels of Depth of cut (Z) and overcut (OVC). It was concluded that optimum conditions had improved significantly using carbon coated micro tool electrode. Optimal levels of technological parameters include V = 160 V, C = 10000 pF, RPM = 600 rpm, and Zopt = 2.525 mm, OVCopt = 65.257 µm. The quality of the machined surface with the coated electrode at optimal conditions is analysed and evaluated. The Topsis method is a suitable solution to this problem, and the steps to perform the calculation in this technique are simple.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2023, 23, 2; 186--197
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An investigation of the effect of NaCl concentration on the electrocoagulation of coal preparation plant tailings
Autorzy:
Eskibalci, M. F.
Ozkan, M. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
coal
tailing
electrocoagulation
electrode
coagulalion
Opis:
Coal preparation is the process of separating the coal from mineral impurities to produce high-grade coal, and the wastewater of the coal separation process is mainly consisted of fine coal and clay particles. Electrocoagulation (EC) is one of the effective methods for wastewater treatment. In this context, this study was aimed to investigate the evaluation of EC process for coal preparation plant wastewaters. Several key parameters affecting the efficiency of EC were investigated with laboratory scale experiments in search of optimal parameter values. Most importantly, the effect of NaCl concentration on the precipitation of coal preparation plant tailings by EC was investigated. Current density, electrolysis time, mixing speed, mixing time, pH, and salt concentration were studied using an aluminum electrode. Based on the results obtained from this study, the optimum conditions were found to be as pH 7.88 (natural pH), current density 40 (A/m2), mixing speed 360 rpm, premixing time 120 sec, and electrolysis time 300 sec. Under the optimum operating conditions, the results indicated that EC can be successfully applied for the coal preparation wastewaters, and the turbidity was reduced from 1260 NTU to 63 NTU (95% efficiency) with an operating cost of $5.67/Mg of tailings. By the increasing the salt content, a small increase in the turbidity was observed with a decrease in the voltage. With only a 1% decrease in the removal efficiency, the cost was reduced to $3.19/Mg with a 44% operating cost reduction.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 3; 934-943
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sulfide-selective electrodes based on the sulfided monocrystals of CdSb
Autorzy:
Diichuk, V. V
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/134875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Tomasz Mariusz Majka
Tematy:
sulfidizing
semiconducting monocrystal
sulfide-sensitive electrode
Opis:
A method of formation of the sulfide-sensitive electrodes in the water-free superbasic solutions using the sulfided semiconducting CdSb monocrystals has been investigated. The effective range of the sulfide ions concentration was found and some other conditions were determined in order to ensure formation of the electrodes with the linear potential/sulfide concentration characteristics. Using the atom absorption spectrometry, the 6:1 molar ratio was found for the Cd and Sb atoms concentrations in the surface electrode film.
Źródło:
Journal of Education and Technical Sciences; 2014, 1, 1; 5-7
2300-7419
2392-036X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education and Technical Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Analysis of Filler Material Effect on Properties of Excavator Crawler Track Shoe after Welding Regeneration
Autorzy:
Gucwa, M.
Winczek, J.
Wieczorek, P.
Mičian, M.
Koňár, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049557.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hardfacing
carbides
hardness
wear
covered electrode
Opis:
The application of hardfacing is one of the ways to restore the functional properties of worn elements. The possibility of using filler materials rich in chrome allows for better wear resistance than base materials used so far. The paper presents the results of research on the use of 3 different grades of covered electrodes for the regeneration of worn track staves. The content of the carbon in the covered electrodes was from 0,5% to 7% and the chromium from 5% to 33%. The microscopic and hardness tests revealed large differences in the structure and properties of the welds. The differences in the hardness of the welds between the materials used were up to 150 HV units. The difference in wear resistance, in the ASTM G65 test, between the best and worst materials was almost 12 times big.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 1; 31-36
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of a biased electrode in the production of highly charged ions using the DECRIS 14-3 ion source
Autorzy:
Leporis, M.
Bogomolov, S.
Efremov, A.
Loginov, V.
Mironov, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
ECR ion source
plasma
biased electrode
Opis:
ECR ion sources are used for the production of highly charged ions in various accelerator facilities. In most of them biased electrodes are normally used to increase the ion yield. Physical processes in the plasma of an ion source are quite complicated and the role of a biased electrode is not clear. To investigate the effect of a biased electrode on the intensity of extracted highly charged ions, an axially movable electrode was placed into the plasma chamber of the DECRIS 14-3 ion source. It was found that the intensity of Ar ions depends on the position of the biased electrode and negative bias voltage. The optimal position of the biased electrode was found near the maximum of the magnetic field. Experiments with a pulsed biased electrode were also carried out. The influence of the negative pulse on the ion yield depends on the ion charge state.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.2; 89-92
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on the properties of high chromium cast iron overlay welds deposited by tubular electrodes
Badanie własności warstw napawanych żeliwem chromowym elektrodami otulonymi rurkowymi
Autorzy:
Szymura, M.
Czupryński, A.
Różański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/115051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
napawanie
elektroda rurkowa
elektroda otulona
ścieranie
żeliwo chromowe
hardfacing
tubular electrode
covered electrode
abrasion
chromium cast iron
Opis:
In the paper, there were shown the results of research on the properties of overlay welds consisted of one and three layers deposited by three types of tubular electrodes of the Fe-Cr-C alloy, Fe-Cr-C-Nb-Mo-W-V alloy and composite consist of tungsten carbide particles in the Fe-Cr-C alloy matrix. The study of hardfacing deposits included: test of metal-mineral abrasion resistance, metallographic examinations, analysis of chemical composition, and hardness tests. The test of abrasive usage in metal-mineral friction was made according to the procedure A of the ASTM G 65 standard.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badania własności napoin jedno- i trójwarstwowych wykonanych trzema rodzajami elektrod rurkowych ze stopów Fe-Cr-C, Fe-Cr-C-Nb-Mo-W-V oraz kompozytu składającego się z cząstek węglika wolframu w osnowie ze stopu Fe-Cr-C. Badania napoin obejmowały: badania odporności na zużycie ścierne typu metal-minerał, badania metalograficzne, analizę składu chemicznego oraz pomiar twardości. Badanie odporności na zużycie ścierne typu metal-minerał przeprowadzono zgodnie z normą ASTM G 65, procedura A.
Źródło:
Welding Technology Review; 2018, 90, 10; 26-30
0033-2364
2449-7959
Pojawia się w:
Welding Technology Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of the properties of lignins as potential carbon precursors
Autorzy:
Mielan, Bartosz
Musioł, Patrycja
Tomala, Janusz
Błażewicz, Stanisław
Frączek-Szczypta, Aneta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010830.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
lignin
carbonization
carbon electrode
graphitization
renewable resources
Opis:
Due to growing interest in the application of renewable resources in industry, there is a need for new carbon precursors. Lignin is a natural polymer and the main by-product of the paper industry, but its application on an industrial scale is limited. Due to its chemical composition and high aromatic carbon content, combined with a lack of toxicity, it may be a promising candidate for a carbon precursor, as well as – in carbon electrode technology – a carbon binder. The main disadvantage of lignins is the variety of their types, with differing properties. There is a need to establish the relationship between the structure of lignin and its carbon precursor potential. In this work, an attempt was made to find the dependence between the lignin structure and its properties before (chemical composition, structural studies) and after thermal treatment under an inert atmosphere (carbon residue, bonding properties and degree of carbonization and graphitization), using different techniques (FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, TG, SEM) on two softwood lignins – alkali lignin and kraft lignin. The results proved that both lignins are good candidates for carbon precursors (high mass residue after heat treatment), but only kraft lignin exhibits the bonding properties which are crucial for application as a carbon binder.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2020, 63, 206; 19-34
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research of electrolyte low loss in typical ECM gaps
Autorzy:
Paczkowski, T.
Zdrojewski, J.
Bujnowski, S.
Janicki, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/99886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
ECM
electrolyte flow loss
curvilinear electrode surfaces
Opis:
This paper presents the results of research of hydraulic loss during electrolyte flow through gaps typical for ECM machining. The research was conducted on a test station where inducing an oscillatory movement of electrodes was possible. Appropriately prepared electrodes with curvilinear outlines were placed in a machining unit which allowed for measuring the pressure of the electrolyte flow in eight points on the electrode surface and also interelectrode gap inlet and outlet. Additionally, the results of pressure measurements were compared with results obtained from a computer simulation.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2012, 12, 2; 86-91
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Treatment of Surface Treatment Effluents by Electrocoagulation Process Using Aluminium Electrodes
Autorzy:
Namoussi, Soukaina
Merbouh, Chaimaa
Kabriti, Mohamed
Nahli, Abdelmottalib
Naamane, Ayoub
Chlaida, Mohamed
Iounes, Nadia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2025816.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
electrocoagulation
aluminium electrode
surface treatment
effluent
pollutant
Opis:
The surface treatment industry generates effluents with a high load of highly toxic chemicals which must be treated under increasingly stringent regulation. The aim of this study was to treat the effluents of surface treatment unit of an aeronautical industry by the electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes. This process is used to study the performance to remove colloidal load, significant amount of oxidizable material and high levels of various metal elements (Cr, Fe, Zn, Cu and Al) from these effluents, under optimum conditions of pH 7, 8.6A of current intensity and 60 min of application. The electrocoagulation process was found to be effective in reducing turbidity (97.12%), COD (97.5%), SS (97.84%) and conductivity (96.82%), hexavalent chromium (99.99%), Zn (96.82%), Cu (94.3%), Iron (99.9%), Al (91.96%). The treated effluent conformed to the Moroccan standards of surface treatment discharge.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 1; 91-99
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Procedure for correction of the ECG signal error introduced by skin-electrode interface
Autorzy:
Tomczyk, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221734.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
identification of skin-electrode interface
signals reconstruction
Opis:
The paper presents a procedure for correction of the error of an ECG signal, introduced by the skin-electrode interface. This procedure involves three main measuring-calculating stages: parametrical identification of the mathematical model of the interface, realized directly before the diagnostic measurements, registration of the signal at the output of electrodes as well as reconstruction of the input signal of the interface. The first two stages are realized in the on-line mode, whereas the operation of signal reconstruction presents a numerical task of digital signal processing and is realized in the off-line mode through deconvolution of the registered signal with the transfer function of the skin-electrode interface. The aim of the paper is to discuss in detail the procedure of parametric identification of the skin-electrode interface with the use of a computer system equipped with a DAQ card and LabVIEW software. The algorithm for error correction introduced by this interface is also presented.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 3; 461-470
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of Plasma Actuator with Two Mesh Electrodes to Active Control of Boundary Layer at 50 Hz Power Supply
Autorzy:
Gnapowski, Ernest
Pytka, Jarosław
Gnapowski, Sebastian
Józwik, Jerzy
Tomiło, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
plasma actuator
DBD
lift coefficient
mesh electrode
Opis:
Numerous studies are conducted to improve the flow in the boundary layer to ensure laminar flow and in particular to increase flight safety. A new solution used to improve the laminar flow is the plasma actuator. The classic configuration of DBD plasma actuators is commonly used with the asymmetric electrode system. The manuscript describes the results of tests with a plasma actuator. Experimental tests were carried out on the built model of the wing with the SD 7003 profile, a plasma actuator was mounted on the upper surface. In contrast to the commonly used solution with solid tape copper electrodes, the novelty in the described research in the manuscript is the use of a large GND electrode (covering 70% of the upper surface of the wing) and a HV mesh electrode. The use of a plasma actuator on the upper surface of the wing affects the air flow in the boundary layer as a result of air ionization. The tests were carried out for a supply voltage from V = 7.0 kV to 12 kV and Reynolds number, Re = 87500 to 240000, flow velocity during the tests in the tunnel was in the range of U = 5-15 m/s and the angle of attack α = 5 -15 degrees. On the basis of the results experimental tests, the percentage change in the lift coefficient was calculated for the switched on and off DBD system. The obtained results indicate a maximum 17% increase in the lift coefficient for the plasma actuator activated for air flow U = 5 m/s and angle of attack α = 5 degrees. In the remaining configurations, changes in the lift coefficient amounted to 4%.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2023, 17, 1; 58--63
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modified solid ion-selective electrode for potentiometric determination of sulfide in oil refineries water
Autorzy:
Abdullad, Zeyad K.
Al-Samarrai, Shatha Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35520351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
ion-selective electrode
silver sulfide
oil refineries
water
Opis:
A selective electrode was manufactured to determine the sulfur ions by sedimentation method in industrial waters in oil refineries of North Refineries Company, Baiji, Iraq. The linear response on a wide range of concentration (from 1.0·10–1 to 1.0·10–6M) Na2S with a Nernst response of 28.229 mv per decade, theoretical value for slope of 29.58 mv per decade, correlation factor of 0.9998, detection limit of 2.287·10–7 at 25–35°C, pH 6.0–12.0, and the best concentration of the filling solution of 10–6M with a fast response time (5–13 s). The direct method were %RSD for 0.5772– –0.7430, %RE for –0.1, 3.7 and %REC for 99.9, 103.7.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2021, 30, 1; 98-105
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The research methodology of powders with particle size of under 500 microns
Autorzy:
Żegleń, K.
Grygier, D.
Ambroziak, A.
Żak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
metodologia
druty proszkowe
proszki
methodology
tubular electrode
powders
Opis:
Wyniki przedstawione w artykule są zobrazowaniem metodologii będącej tematem tej pracy. Zawiera ona opis głównych metod badań jak obserwacje mikroskopowe, analiza sitowa oraz określanie składu chemicznego z wykorzystaniem detektora EDX. Wyniki przedstawiają określenie kształtu cząstek, określenie wielkości cząstek wraz z wyróżnieniem frakcji o największym udziale procentowym oraz określenie składu chemicznego. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie kolejności wykonywania badań dotyczących proszku żelaza o granulacji do 250 mikrometrów. Badania te można również z powodzeniem zastosować do określania wymienionych wielkości proszków o granulacji do 500 mikrometrów.
Źródło:
Interdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Sciences; 2016, 4, 1; 15--18
2300-5874
Pojawia się w:
Interdisciplinary Journal of Engineering Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Electrochemical Method of Copper Powder Synthesis on Rotating Electrode in the Presence of Surfactants
Autorzy:
Wojtaszek, K.
Cebula, F.
Partyka, B.
Deszcz, P.
Włoch, G.
Socha, R. P.
Woźny, K.
Żabiński, Piotr
Wojnicki, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203711.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
copper powder
electrochemical synthesis
rotating electrode
ethylene glycol
Opis:
This paper presents a method of synthesizing copper powders by electrochemical method with the use of a rotating working electrode. The influence of the rotation speed of the working electrode, the current density, the concentration of copper ions, and the addition of ethylene glycol on the shape, size, and size distribution of the obtained powders were investigated. Properties of the synthesized powders were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffractometry (XRD). It has been shown that it is possible to obtain copper powders with a size of 1 µm by an electrochemical method using the rotary cathode, in sulphate bath with addition of ethylene glycol as a surfactant. Increasing current density causes a decrease in the average size of the obtained powder particles. The addition of 2.5% of ethylene glycol prevents the formation of dendritic powders. The change in the concentration of copper ions in the range from 0.01 to 0.15 mol/dm3 in the electrolyte did not show any significant effect on the size of obtained particles. However, higher concentrations of copper limiting the presence of dendritic-shape particles. Changing the speed of rotation of the electrode affects both the size and the shape of synthesized copper powder. For the rotational speed of the electrode of 115 rpm, the obtained powders have a size distribution in the range of 0-3 µm and an average particle size of 1 µm. The particles had a polygonal shape with an agglomeration tendency.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2023, 68, 1; 375--386
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of process parameters on the condition of the wire electrode in WEDM of Ti6Al4V
Autorzy:
Zaborski, S.
Poroś, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1429400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
titanium alloys
wire electrode
artificial neural networks
WEDM
Opis:
Conventional machining of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V cause high temperature and rapid wear of tool which makes him hardly suitable for machining by machine cutting. The presented experimental study was carried out on a modern wire EDM Sodick AQ327L. Three types of the wire were used. Investigated were the effects of such input parameters as the pulse width and the time between two pulses on the output parameters such as area cutting efficiency, workpiece surface roughness and wear rate of the electrode. The resulting relationships were determined using the conventional regression analysis and neural networks. The results were checked for goodness of fit.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2008, 8, 2; 52-64
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Idea of the experimental stand for micro-electrical discharge machining using carbon fibres as the tool electrodes
Autorzy:
Trych, A.
Markiewicz, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100113.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
micro-electrical discharge machining
tool electrode
carbon fibres
Opis:
The paper deals with the idea and design solutions for a special experimental stand and consequently a preliminary study of the future machine tool for micro-electrical discharge machining with carbon fibre as tool electrodes. The main requirements are introduced and, particularly for such purpose unusual conditions that must be assured are presented. Solutions that were used as well as some initial concepts are discussed and assessed. The paper is enriched with an extensive illustrative material of designed solutions for each important part responsible for the proper functioning of the respective components. The evaluation of existing solutions as well as the further issues that must be developed are analyzed.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2012, 12, 2; 105-110
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A critical review on soil ionisation modelling for grounding electrodes
Autorzy:
Mokhtari, M.
Abdul-Malek, Z.
Gharehpetian, G.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
grounding electrodes
grounding electrode resistance
soil ionisation modelling
Opis:
Grounding electrode resistance non-linearly changes under impulse conditions due to soil ionisation phenomenon. Several models have been proposed to model soil ionisation for grounding electrodes applications. However, to date, there is yet an attempt made to compile all these works into a comprehensive review article. Therefore, this paper is written with the objective of summarizing all related works in this field as a one– stop reference. With reference to the literature, this paper is written to summarize the working principles of the soil ionisation models as well as the accuracy and performance analysis of the models. This paper, particularly highlights the deficiencies of the available models in terms of accuracy and performance. This knowledge will contribute to the development of a new accurate and efficient soil ionisation model.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2016, 65, 3; 449-461
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of two- and three-electrode systems in measurements of potential oxygen flux density in soil
Autorzy:
Bieganowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25265.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
two-electrode system
soil oxygen flux
soil aeration
measurement
oxygen diffusion rate
soil
three-electrode system
oxygen flux density
potential
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2004, 18, 2
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konstrukcja i właściwości czujników potencjometrycznych do oznaczania ketoprofenu
Construction and properties of potentiometric sensors for ketoprofen determination
Autorzy:
Lenik, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/157052.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
czujnik potencjometryczny
elektroda z ciekłym kontaktem
elektroda ze stałym kontaktem
ketoprofen
potentiometric sensor
electrode with liquid contact
electrode with solid contact
Opis:
Celem prezentowanej pracy było skonstruowanie membranowych elektrod jonoselektywnych do oznaczania ketoprofenu. Zastosowano czujniki z ciekłym kontaktem ISE (typ IS 561, Philips) oraz czujniki ze stałym kontaktem typu BMSA (Zakład Chemii Analitycznej i Analizy Instrumentalnej UMCS) zawierające hydrofobowe pary jonowe w mikroporowatej (z polichlorku winylu) warstwie matrycowej. Wyznaczono podstawowe parametry analityczne czujników tj. zakres pomiarowy, nachylenie charakterystyki, granicę wykrywalności, współczynniki selektywności, czas odpowiedzi, zależność SEM od pH, czas życia.
The aim of the presented work was to create membrane ion-selective electrodes for ketoprofen determination. There were used sensors with liquid contact so called conventional ion-selective electrode ISE (type IS 561, Philips) and sensors with solid contact so called BMSA (Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Instrumental Analysis UMCS) containing hydrophobic ion pairs in the microporous (PVC) matrix layer. The latter electrode does not have any inner solution and it posses all the advantages of the "coated wire electrodes" (CWE). The following basic electrode parameters were investigated: measurement range, slope of characteristic, limit of detection, response time, dependence of the electrode potential on pH, lifetime and selectivity coefficients in relation to some organic and inorganic anions. The ketoprofen electrode was used for ketoprofen determination in the synthetic sample and pharmaceutical Ketonal (Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d. Slovenia) within the concentration range of 25.43 - 25430 žg/ml in water solution at pH 5.0 - 9.5. The statistical parameters (Recovery 100,6%, RSD =5,5%) show the typical accuracy of the analytical methods employing ion - selective electrodes.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 5, 5; 440-442
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of impurities on the operation of selected fuel ignition systems in combustion engines
Autorzy:
Różowicz, S.
Tofil, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141085.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
electrode burning
fuel mixture impurities
ignition system
spark plugs
Opis:
The paper attempts to determine the impact of fuel impurities on the spark discharge energy and the wear of the spark plug electrode. Spark plugs were analyzed in two typical configurations of the ignition system. A number of tests were conducted to determine the wear of the spark plug electrode exposed to different types of impurities. The spark discharge energy for new and worn spark plugs was determined through calculation.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2016, 65, 2; 349-360
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carbon Nanotubes Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Application
Autorzy:
Drygała, A.
Dobrzański, L. A.
Szindler, M.
Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz, M.
Pawlyta, M.
Lukaszowicz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dye-sensitized solar cells
counter electrode
carbon nanotubes
TEM
Opis:
The influence of the carbon nanotubes counter electrode deposited on the FTO glass substrates on the structure and optoelectrical properties of dye-sensitized solar cells counter electrode (CE) was analysed. Carbon materials have been applied in DSSC s in order to produce low-cost solar cells with reasonable efficiency. Platinum is a preferred material for the counter electrode because of its high conductivity and catalytic activity. However, the costs of manufacturing of the platinum counter electrode limit its use to large-scale applications in solar cells. This paper presents the results of examining the structure and properties of the studied layers, defining optical properties of conductive layers and electrical properties of dye-sensitized solar cells manufactured with the use of carbon nanotubes. Such counter electrodes are promising for the future fabrication of stable, low-cost and effective dye-sensitized solar cells.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2016, 61, 2A; 803-806
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Single-piece all-solid-state Co(II) ion-selective electrode for cobalt monitoring in real samples
Autorzy:
Wardak, C.
Grabarczyk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
cobalt(II) ion-selective electrode
ionic liquids
solid contact
potentiometry
Opis:
A novel single-piece all-solid-state ion-selective electrode for Co2+ determination has been prepared. The PVC membrane was modified by the addition of ionic liquid. The effect of various ionic liquids was studied in detail and improved performance was observed. The best performance exhibited by the electrode was achieved with a membrane containing 1-ethyl- 3-methyl imidazolium chloride, having a slope of 31.8 mV/ decade in a wide concentration range of 1×10-7 – 1×x10-1 mol L-1. The limit of detection was 5.6×10-8 mol L-1. The response time of the proposed sensor was less than 10 s and the lifetime was at least three months. The proposed sensor showed good selectivity towards the Co2+ ion in comparison with some alkali, alkaline earth, transition and heavy metal ions. It was successfully applied for the direct determination of cobalt ions in real sample solution.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 1; 17-24
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bead-on-Plate Underwater Wet Welding on S700MC Steel
Autorzy:
Tomków, Jacek
Świerczyńska, Aleksandra
Landowski, Michał
Wolski, Adrian
Rogalski, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
MMA welding
high-strength steel
underwater wet welding
covered electrode
Opis:
The participation of high strength steels in marine and offshore structures is increasing, which makes it necessary to develop recommendations for underwater repair welding works. The article presents the results of bead-on-plate welded specimens made of S700MC high strength steel in underwater wet welding conditions by covered electrodes. Three specimens with heat input values in the range 0.91-1.05 kJ/mm were made. The specimens were subjected to visual, metallographic, macro- and microscopic tests as well as hardness measurements using the Vickers method. It was found that the higher heat input leads to formation of mixed bainite-martensite microstructure in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Lower heat input value results in presence of martensite in HAZ. It was shown that in the scope of the performed tests, the maximum hardness of HAZ did not exceed the critical value for the material group, and the increase in heat input caused the decrease of hardness by about 25 HV10.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 3; 288-296
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studying the Technology of Creating Cortical Electrode Instruments using the Rapid Prototyping Technology
Autorzy:
Ablyaz, T. R.
Shumkov, A. A.
Muratov, K. R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/382073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
hot investment casting
prototyping electrode instrument
galvanic treatment
stereolithography
photopolymers
Opis:
This paper shows the results of studying the technology of manufacturing cortical electrode-instruments (EI) with the use of indirect methods of the Rapid Prototyping technology. Functional EI prototypes were made by layered synthesis of the photopolymer material with the use of the stereolithography technology (SLA - Stereo Lithography Apparatus). The article is focused on two methods of indirect EI manufacturing. One of the EI prototypes was used for making a molded wax model for hot investment casting, followed by applying copper coating. The second prototype was used for applying copper plating to a prepared current-conductive layer. As a result of EDMing a steel workpiece, both EIs reached the desired depth, which is 1 mm. The copper plating applied to the EI preserves its integrity. Through the use of the casting technology, there is a possibility to cut the economic costs by 35%. Using a prototype with preliminarily applie conductive coating makes it possible to make geometrically-complex EIs.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2017, 17, 2; 157-162
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Silver ion selective electrode based on (2-pyridylmethoxy)-p-t-octylcalix[4]arene
Autorzy:
Higuchi, H.
Shinohara, T.
Oshima, T.
Ohto, K.
Inoue, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/346967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydział Technologii i Inżynierii Chemicznej
Tematy:
ion-selective electrode
calix[4]arene
selectivity coefficient
anion effect
Opis:
Calix[4]arene bearing pyridyl group at lower-rim has been used as an ionophore for silver ion-selective electrode. The electrode membranes containing different amount of potassium tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate (KTpClPB) were prepared to investigate the influence of KTpClPB on potential response. The response behavior for membranes depends on the amount of KTpClPB and dramatically changes from anion to cation response. The membrane containing 135 mol % with respect to ionophore gives linear response to Ag+ in the concentration range from 10-5.5 to 10-2 M AgNO3.
Źródło:
Ars Separatoria Acta; 2002, 1; 99-103
1731-6340
Pojawia się w:
Ars Separatoria Acta
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kable powrotne w łączu SWEPOL LINK
Proposals for protection of return cables on SWEPOL LINK
Autorzy:
Szczepański, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/266659.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:
kabel powrotny
ogranicznik przepięć
elektroda
return cable
surge arrester
electrode
Opis:
Kabel powrotny w łączu Szwecja-Polska pojawił się jako alternatywa wymuszona przez ekologów, spowodowana brakiem akceptacji społecznej. Dlatego w wykonanym rozwiązaniu zastąpiono wodę i ziemię dwoma kablami powrotnymi, chociaż z punktu widzenia technicznego wprowadzone rozwiązanie daje niższą sprawność. Ostatnie, jedenaste uszkodzenie kabla powrotnego wystąpiło w 2012 roku. W ośmiu wcześniejszych przypadkach przyczyną awarii były uszkodzenia elektryczne kabla w morzu w odległości kilkunastu kilometrów od polskiego brzegu, spowodowane zakłóceniami w północnej części polskiego systemu elektroenergetycznego. W tej sytuacji dla łącza Szwecja-Polska zaproponowano przeanalizowanie i zrealizowanie jednego lub dwóch niżej przedstawionych rozwiązań, które mogą istotnie ograniczyć skutki i koszty z tytułu uszkodzeń kabli powrotnych: a) montaż dodatkowych ograniczników przepięć, b) powrót do elektrod – całkowity brak kabli powrotnych, c) elektrody „niepełne” pracujące z jednym kablem powrotnym, d) praca łącza jedynie z uziemieniami własnymi na stacjach przekształtnikowych. Reasumując należy stwierdzić, że: - stosunkowo tanim sposobem dalszego uodpornienia kabli powrotnych na uszkodzenia elektryczne jest zabudowa ograniczników przepięć w szafce przy kontenerze na polskim brzegu, - z proponowanych środków zaradczych rozsądnym wydaje się zastosowanie wyżej wymienionych propozycji a) i d) jednocześnie, gdyż są to proste rozwiązania, nie wymagające dużych nakładów finansowych ani jakichkolwiek zgód, a mogą szybko zapewnić oczekiwany rezultat.
The return cable on SwePol Link has been introduced as an alternative enforced by environmentalists due to lack of social acceptance for other solutions. This is why in the proposed solution water and earth have been replaced by two return cables, although from the technical point of view such solution is less effective. The last, eleventh fault of return cable took place on 15 October 2012. In eight earlier cases the faults were caused by electrical failures in the cable in the sea and were located between ten and twenty kilometers from the Polish shore and triggered by disturbances in the northern part of the Polish power grid. In this situation it has been suggested to analyze and introduce one or two solutions shown below which may significantly limit the effects and lower the costs caused by return cable faults: a) assembly of additional surge arresters, b) return to electrodes – lack of return cables, c) “partial” electrodes working with one return cable, d) operation of the link only with earthings on converter stations. To sum up it needs to be said that: - a relatively cheap way of protecting return cables against electrical failures is installing surge arresters in the cabinet located next to the cable container on the Polish shore, - from the suggested preventive measures it seems reasonable to introduce the above mentioned solutions a) and d) simultaneously, as both of them are simple solutions which require neither considerable financial expenditures nor authorizations and may fast show expected results.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2013, 35; 39-44
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The simultaneous voltammetry determination of cadmium(II) and lead(II) at bismuth film glassy carbon electode prepared with the use of mediator
Autorzy:
Domańska, Katarzyna
Tyszczuk-Rotko, Katarzyna
Dąbal, Sabina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/764012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
cadmium and lead determination
bismuth film glassy carbon electrode
voltammetry
Opis:
This paper shows a novel, simple and rapid voltammetric procedure, which enables Cd and Pb determination at traces concentrations. All measurements were carried out by differential  pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) with total time of analysis of 210 s. The obtained detection limits were 8.46 · 10-10 mol L-1 and 2.57 · 10-10 mol L-1  for Cd(II) and Pb(II), respectively. This procedure was successfully applied for the quantification of mentioned metal ions in water samples collected from the Vistula River.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio AA – Chemia; 2017, 72, 1
2083-358X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio AA – Chemia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of structure and properties of membrane active substance on analytical performance of ion-selective electrodes
Autorzy:
Wardak, Cecylia
Grabarczyk, Małgorzata
Lenik, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110902.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
ion-selective electrode
acidic chelating ionophore
PVC membrane
potentiometry
spectrophotometry
Opis:
The potential creating properties of a group of acidic chelating compounds are presented. The studies have been carried out by the constructing of new ion-selective electrodes based on PVC membranes doped with the studied compounds, and determining the basic analytical parameters of the electrodes. The usefulness of eight out of nine investigated compounds in the preparation of the membrane phase electrodes selective for cobalt, zinc and cadmium has been shown. It has been also found that the acidic properties of ionophore have an essential influence on the analytical parameters of the constructed electrodes. The response mechanism of the obtained electrodes has been investigated by simultaneous spectrophotometric-potentiometric measurement of membranes used in electrodes. It has been found that during the conditioning of electrode, a complex of active substance with primary ion is formed in the membrane phase, then the membrane composition is established and remains unchanged in the next measurements.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2019, 55, 6; 1413-1421
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Study on the Durability of Dimensionally Stable Electrode in High-Rate Electroplating Process Condition Using Accelerated Life Test
Autorzy:
Park, Sung Cheol
Jung, Yeon Jae
Koo, Seokbon
Lee, Kee-Ahn
Son, Seong Ho
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049186.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
durability
prediction
dimensionally stable electrode
accelerated life test
failure mechanism
Opis:
In order to the long-term stability of DSE for electroplating process, the lifetime equations were calculated from the results of the accelerated life testing, and the lifetime of DSE was predicted. The nano-embossing pre-treatment led to 2.65 times in the lifetime of DSE. The degradation mechanism of DSE with a thick metal oxide layer for applied highly current density process condition was identified. The improvement of durability of DSE seems to be closely related to adhesion between titanium plate and mixed metal oxide layer.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 3; 675-678
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badanie elektrod o zwiększonej pojemności elektrycznej w spektroskopii impedancyjnej cieczy słaboprzewodzących
The study of electrodes with enhanced capacitance in impedance spectroscopy of poorly conductive liquids
Autorzy:
Macioszek, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154172.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
spektroskopia impedancyjna
elektroda pojemnościowa
impedancja
impedance spectroscopy
capacitive electrode
impedance
Opis:
W pracy podjęto próbę oceny elektrod o zwiększonej pojemności elektrycznej, które użyte w spektroskopii impedancyjnej cieczy słaboprzewodzących pozwoliłyby na uzyskanie mniejszych wartości mierzonego modułu impedancji. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że zarówno poprzez użycie elektrod o gęstszym układzie ścieżek, jak i kształtach ścieżek opartych na fraktalach, możliwe jest osiągnięcie większej pojemności elektrycznej układu elektroda-badana ciecz, a co za tym idzie mniejszych wartości modułu mierzonej impedancji.
In the paper an attempt is made to evaluate the electrodes with enhanced capacitance which used in the impedance spectroscopy of poorly conductive liquids would ensure lower values of impedance modulus. Three capacitive electrodes with different trace shapes are evaluated: basic comb electrode (denoted by I, shown in Fig. 1), comb electrode with denser traces (II, Fig. 2) and electrode III (Fig. 3) with traces of fractal based shapes. The measurements were taken with the use of the Princeton Applied Research laboratory system for electrochemical impedance spectros-copy. The results of impedance modulus measurement of the fresh engine oil are illustrated in Fig. 4, while those of the used engine oil are shown in Fig. 5. The results of impedance modulus meas-urement of the diesel fuel (Fig. 6) and cooking oil (Fig. 7) are also presented in the text. It is visible that the value of the measured impedance modulus is lower for comb electrode II and fractal electrode III than that obtained with electrode I. Table 1 contains the summary of the measured impedance modulus percentage using electrodes comb II and fractal III related to the results of the meas-urements with electrode I (as 100%). The test findings show that both comb electrode with denser traces and the one based on fractal shaped traces can provide greater electrical capacity of the electrode - poorly conductive liquid system and this, as a result, leads to lower values of the measured impedance modulus.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2014, R. 60, nr 3, 3; 176-178
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proposals for Protection of Return Cables on SwePol Link
Propozycje ochrony kabli powrotnych w łączu Szwecja – Polska
Autorzy:
Szczepański, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/397506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
ENERGA
Tematy:
return cable
surge arrester
electrode
kabel powrotny
ogranicznik przepięć
elektroda
Opis:
The return cable on the SwePol Link has been introduced as an alternative forced by environmentalists due to lack of social acceptance of other solutions. This is why in the proposed solution water and earth have been replaced by two return cables, although from a technical point of view such a solution is less effective. The last, eleventh fault of the return cable took place on 15 October 2012. In eight earlier cases the faults were caused by electrical failures in the cable in the sea and were located between ten and twenty kilometers from the Polish shore and triggered by disturbances in the northern part of the Polish power grid. In this situation it has been suggested to analyze and introduce one or two solutions shown below which may significantly limit the effects and lower the costs caused by return cable faults: a) assembly of additional surge arresters b) return to electrodes – lack of return cables c) ”partial” electrodes working with one return cable d) operation of the link only with earthings on converter stations. To sum up it needs to be stated that: • a relatively cheap way of protecting return cables against electrical failures is installing surge arresters in the cabinet located next to the cable container on the Polish shore • from the suggested preventive measures it seems reasonable to introduce the above mentioned solutions a) and d) simultaneously, as both of them are simple solutions which require neither considerable financial expenditure nor authorizations and may quickly show the expected results.
Streszczenie Kabel powrotny w łączu Szwecja – Polska pojawił się jako alternatywa wymuszona przez ekologów. Dlatego w wykonanym rozwiązaniu zastąpiono wodę i ziemię dwoma kablami powrotnymi, chociaż z punktu widzenia technicznego wprowadzone rozwiązanie daje niższą sprawność. Ostatnio do jedenastego uszkodzenia kabla powrotnego doszło 15 października 2012 roku. W ośmiu wcześniejszych przypadkach przyczynami awarii były uszkodzenia elektryczne kabla w morzu, w odległości kilkunastu kilometrów od polskiego brzegu, spowodowane zakłóceniami w północnej części polskiego systemu elektroenergetycznego.
Źródło:
Acta Energetica; 2013, 1; 147-156
2300-3022
Pojawia się w:
Acta Energetica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie sztucznej inteligencji do modelowania stanu geometrycznego powierzchni po obróbce EDM stali narzędziowych
The use of artificial intelligence to model the geometric state of the surface after EDM machining of tool steels
Autorzy:
Nieciąg, H.
Kudelski, R.
Zagórski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310998.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
Tematy:
sieci neuronowe
technologia EDM
inspekcja elektrod
ANNs
EDM technology
electrode inspection
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie metod sztucznej inteligencji w postaci sztucznych sieci neuronowych (SSN) do modelowania stanu geometrycznego wyrobu kształtowanego w procesie EDM. Zastosowano SSN o różnej architekturze i różne algorytmy uczące. Zbadano jakość modeli i ich skuteczność w prognozowaniu wybranych cech geometrycznych wyrobów z stali narzędziowych.
The article presents the application of artificial intelligence methods in the form of artificial neural networks (SSN) for modeling the geometrical state of a product shaped in the EDM process. The SSN with different architecture and different learning algorithms were implemented. The models' quality and their effectiveness in predicting some geometrical features of tool steel products were examined.
Źródło:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 12; 570-574
1509-5878
2450-7725
Pojawia się w:
Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Carbon Nanomaterials Application as a Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Autorzy:
Dobrzański, A.
Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz, M.
Drygała, A.
Wierzbicka, A.
Lukaszkowicz, K.
Szindler, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352043.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dye-sensitized solar cell
carbon nanomaterials
counter electrode
nanocrystalline photovoltaic cells
Opis:
The paper presents the results of the structure investigation of a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells using the carbon nanomaterials. Solar cells were fabricated on the glass with transparent conductive oxide TCO (10Ω/sq). Nanocrystalline titania based photoanode was prepared by spreading TiO2 paste onto TCO glass and subsequently annealed at 450°C for at least 30 min to convert anatase phase and make an interparticle network. After then the nanostructured titania films was immersed into an ethanolic solution of the ruthenium-based dye. As a counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells composite films of carbon nanomaterials and polystyrene sulfonate doped poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) PEDOT-PSS (Sigma-Aldrich) were deposited onto TCO substrates. Because carbon nanoelements and titanium oxide consist of nano-metric structural units to determine the properties of the cells and their parameters several surface sensitive techniques and methods, i.e. Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and electric properties of conductive layers were used.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2017, 62, 1; 27-32
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Effect of Hydrazide group on the oxydation of ferrocene at two different electrodes using Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) in organic medium
Autorzy:
Nacer, S. N.
Lanez, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE)
diffusion coefficient
ferrocene derivative
half-wave potential
Opis:
Through this work we adopted Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) Voltammetry to study the kinetics of oxidation and the effect of hydrazide group on ferrocene in organic medium. Thus, two different electrodes (Pt and Ge) were used in order to determine this latter. According to the ferrocene taken as a witness the hydrazide group related to the ferrocene made oxidation more difficult. This ferrocenic derivative showed an electrochemical stability, a reversible electrochemical system and an electronic attractor effect of these substitutional ferrocene groups. Finally, we calculated some electrochemical parameters which were: the diffusion coefficients (D), the layer thickness in addition to the electron transfer rate.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 7, 1; 1-7
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative Analysis of Different WEDM Strategies Applied to Cut WC-Co Cemented Carbides
Autorzy:
Poroś, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2023467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
WEDM
wire electrode
cemented carbides
roughness
elektrody druciane
węgliki spiekane
chropowatość
Opis:
Cemented carbides WC-Co feature high mechanical properties and outstanding wear resistance. Traditional grinding of such hard workpiece features low material removal rate and diminished tool life. Notwithstanding that, even if, proper cooling fluid is applied; abrasive machining of cemented carbides characterizes poor efficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the issue of WEDM of the cemented carbides WC-Co with two alternative materials of the wire electrodes applied. The presented experimental surface layer geometry measurements was carried out on a modern profilometer MITUTOYO SV 3200. Especially, WEDM results with wire flushing and in immersion were compared. Investigated were the effects of such input parameters as the pulse width and the time between two pulses on the output parameters such as area cutting efficiency, workpiece surface roughness in 2D and 3D. Analysing SEM microphotographs the surface layer defects after WEDM, cobalt depletion and pitting was discoursed. The analysed results provided WEDM of WC-Co cemented carbides with molybdenum wire electrode as seventy one percent less efficient and higher roughness was obtained for the same number of passes. The lowest height of the roughness on the surface after cutting with molybdenum wire amounted to Ra and Sa = 3.5 μm. Such roughness involves a 25 μm deep undesirable heat affected zone. WEDM with equal number of passes and brass wire resulted in roughness Ra and Sa =0,9 μm. In further research, an endeavour should be directed to examine different water and hydrocarbons derivative dielectrics impact on the surface layer structure and chemical composition of the machined WC-Co carbides.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2021, 15, 4; 126-135
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on the utilization of electrocoagulation concept as a disinfectant substitute in hospital wastewater
Autorzy:
Fikri, Elanda
Djuhriah, Nanny
Hanurawaty, Neneng Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35533467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
electrocoagulation
disinfectants
contact time
number of electrode plates
Coliforms
hospital wastewater
Opis:
The purpose of this study is to identify differences in variations of contact time and number of electrode plates in electrocoagulation process on the decrease of total Coliforms in Bandung City hospital wastewater. An experimental research with factorial randomized design. The volume of wastewater sample to check the total Coliforms was a minimum of 100 ml, using 3 treatments and 6 repetitions. Data analysis used was two-way ANOVA test. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the number of plates (p = 0.269), contact time (p = 0.537), and the number of plates and contact time (p = 0.863) with the total Coliforms in electrocoagulation process. The use of 6 plates and 90 min contact time showed the best results in reducing total Coliforms, with effectiveness reaching 88.38%. This means that the concept is quite effective to use as a substitute for disinfectant.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2021, 30, 2; 261-270
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Digitally Controlled Model of an Active Ultrasonic Transducer Matrix for Projection Imaging of Biological Media
Autorzy:
Opieliński, K. J.
Gudra, T.
Pruchnicki, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasonic projection
active ultrasonic transducer matrix
multielement ultrasonic probe
electrode attachment optimisation
Opis:
The following work presents the idea of constructing a digitally controlled active piezoceramic transducer matrix for ultrasonic projection imaging of biological media in a similar way as in case of roentgenography (RTG). Multielement ultrasonic probes in the form of flat matrices of elementary piezoceramic transducers require attaching a large number of electrodes in order to activate the individual transducers. This paper presents the idea of minimising the number of transducer connections in an active row-column matrix system. This idea was verified by designing a model of a matrix consisting of 16 ultrasonic transducers with electrode attachments optimised by means of electronic switches in rows and columns and miniature transistor switches in the nodes of the matrix allowing to activate selected transducers. The results of measurements and simulations of parameters of the designed matrix show that it is suitable to be used in projection imaging of biological media as a sending probe. In to use the matrix as a universal sending or receiving probe, it was suggested to add further switches that would eliminate the undesired effect of crosstalks in case of switches used for toggling the transducers in the nodes of the matrix.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2010, 35, 1; 75-90
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Direct Energy Deposition of Mo Powder Prepared by Electrode Induction Melting Gas Atomization
Autorzy:
Roh, Goo-Won
Park, Eun-Soo
Moon, Jaeyun
Lee, Hojun
Byun, Jongmin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
molybdenum powder
electrode induction melting gas atomization
direct energy deposition
porosity
hardness
Opis:
Molybdenum (Mo) is used to form a barrier layer for metal wiring in displays or semiconductor devices. Recently, researches have been continuously attempted to fabricate Mo sputtering targets through additive manufacturing. In this study, spherical Mo powders with an average particle size of about 37 um were manufactured by electrode induction melting gas atomization. Subsequently, Mo layer with a thickness of 0.25 mm was formed by direct energy deposition in which the scan speed was set as a variable. According to the change of the scan speed, pores or cracks were found in the Mo deposition layer. Mo layer deposited with scan speed of 600 mm/min has the hardness value of 324 Hv with a porosity of approximately 2%. We demonstrated that Mo layers with higher relative density and hardness can be formed with less effort through direct energy deposition compared to the conventional powder metallurgy.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 3; 795-798
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Narrow Beam Ultrasonic Transducer Matrix Model for Projection Imaging of Biological Media
Autorzy:
Opieliński, K. J.
Gudra, T.
Pruchnicki, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ultrasonic projection
directional ultrasonic transducer matrix
multielement ultrasonic probe
electrode attachment optimisation
Opis:
The following paper presents an idea of minimising the number of connections of individual piezoelectric transducers in a row-column multielement passive matrix system used for imaging of biological media structure by means of ultrasonic projection. It allows to achieve significant directivity with acceptable input impedance decrease. This concept was verified by designing a model of a passive ultrasonic matrix consisting of 16 elementary piezoceramic transducers, with electrode attachments optimised by means of electronic switches in rows and columns. Distributions of acoustic field generated by the constructed matrix model in water and results of the calculations conformed well.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2010, 35, 1; 91-109
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of diffusible hydrogen content in the deposited metal of rutile electrodes by glycerin method
Oznaczanie ilości wodoru dyfundującego w stopiwie elektrod rutylowych metodą glicerynową
Autorzy:
Fydrych, D.
Tomków, J.
Świerczyńska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/263789.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
diffusible hydrogen
rutile electrode
glycerin method
wodór dyfundujący
elektrody rutylowe
metoda glicerynowa
Opis:
The presence of diffusible hydrogen in welded joints is one of the causes of formation the welding imperfections. Improvement of weldability can be achieved by reducing the hydrogen amount in welded joints. This requires, among others, the finding of sources of hydrogen. For high hydrogen processes the commonly used method of determining the diffusible hydrogen amount is the glycerin method. This paper concerns issues related to the test procedure and the possibility to control the diffusible hydrogen amount in deposited metal.
Obecność wodoru dyfundującego w złączach spawanych jest jedną z przyczyn powstawania niezgodności spawalniczych. Poprawę spawalności stali można osiągnąć przez zmniejszenie nawodorowania złączy. Wymaga to m.in. wyznaczenia źródeł wodoru. W procesach wysokowodorowych często stosowaną metodą oznaczania ilości wodoru dyfundującego jest metoda glicerynowa. Praca dotyczy zagadnień związanych z procedurą badawczą i możliwością sterowania ilością wodoru dyfundującego w stopiwie.
Źródło:
Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering; 2013, 39, 1; 47-54
1230-2325
2300-8377
Pojawia się w:
Metallurgy and Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic Mode of Copper Recovery from the Post-Processing Slags
Autorzy:
Wołczyński, W.
Bydałek, A. W.
Migas, P.
Tarasek, A.
Najman, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
post-processing slag
complex reagent
copper recovery
arc furnace
rotating tilted electrode
Opis:
The post-processing slags containing about 0.8 wt.% of copper were subjected to the treatment of a complex reagent. The chemical composition of the complex reagent has been elaborated and patented in frame of the Grant No. PBS3/A5/45/2015. The slags had an industrial origin and were delivered by the Smelter and Refinery Plant, Głogów, as a product of the direct-to-blister technology performed in the flash furnace assisted by the arc furnace. An agglomeration of copper droplets suspended in the liquid slag, their coagulation, and deposition on the bottom of furnace were observed after the treatment this post-processing slag by the mentioned reagent. The treatment of the post-processing slags by the complex reagent was performed in the arc furnace equipped with some additional electrodes situated at the furnace bottom (additional, in comparison with the arc furnace usually applied in the Smelter and Refinery Plant, Głogów). The behaviour of the copper droplets in the liquid slag within the competition between buoyancy force and gravity was studied from the viewpoint of the required deposition of coagulated copper droplets. The applied complex reagent improves sufficiently the surface free energy of the copper droplets. In the result, the mechanical equilibrium between coagulated copper droplets and surrounding liquid slag is properly modified. Eventually, sufficiently large copper droplets are subjected to a settlement on the furnace bottom according to the requirements. The agglomeration and coagulation of the copper droplets were significantly improved by an optimized tilting of the upper electrodes and even by their rotation. Moreover, the settlement was substantially facilitated and improved by the employment of both upper and lower system of electrodes with the simultaneous substitution of the variable current by the direct current.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 4; 1923-1930
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of 2–thiocytosine/ surfactant adsorption at the R-AgLAFe/chlorate(VII) interface – impact of surfactant ionic character
Autorzy:
Martyna, Marlena
Grochowski, Mariusz
Urban, Teresa
Nosal-Wiercińska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2146942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
mixed adsorption layers
2-thiocytosine
SDS
CTAB
adsorption parameters
R-AgLAFe electrode
Opis:
Effect of 2 – thiocytosine on the parameters of double R-AgLAFe/ chlorate(VII) interface layer in the presence of different surfactants has been studied. There were determined the adsorption parameters such as: differential capacity of the double layer (Cd) at the R-AgLAFe/ basic electrolyte interface; potential of zero charge (Ez) and surface tension at the potential of zero charge (γz). The predominance of 2–thiocytosine in formation of adsorption equilibria of 2–thiocytosine–SDS and 2– thiocytosine–CTAB mixtures as well as the competitive adsorption between molecules 2–thiocytosine-surfactant or mixed micelles was proved. The changes pointing out to different arrangement of SDS or CTAB molecules on the electrode surface also in the presence of 2–thiocytosine were observed.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2022, 58, 2; art. no. 144322
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Tests of selected mechanical properties of welded joints in rotorcraft
Badania wybranych właściwości mechanicznych połączeń spawanych w wiropłatach
Autorzy:
Korzec, Izabela
Łusiak, Tomasz
Bugaj, Martin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36435602.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
welding
aerospace components
TIG
MAG
coated electrode
spawanie
komponenty lotnicze
elektroda otulona
Opis:
The following article presents experimental use of different ways of inguinal connecting of aircraft elements using TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas), MAG (Metal Active Gas) and arched coated electrode. The object of the research were samples of rotorcraft elements, which were connected to each other by TIG, MAG methods and the coated electrode. The main aim of the research was to determine selected mechanical properties in particular hardness and strength of inguinal joints and then, based on the tests carried out, the best methods were selected.
W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono eksperymentalne zastosowanie różnych sposobów łączenia pachwinowego elementów statku powietrznego metodą TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas), MAG (Metal Active Gas) oraz elektrodą otuloną łukową. Przedmiotem badań były próbki elementów wiropłatów, które połączono ze sobą metodami TIG, MAG oraz elektrodą otuloną. Głównym celem badań było określenie wybranych właściwości mechanicznych w szczególności twardości i wytrzymałości spawów pachwinowych, a następnie na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań wybrano najlepsze metody.
Źródło:
Transactions on Aerospace Research; 2021, 1 (262); 64-74
0509-6669
2545-2835
Pojawia się w:
Transactions on Aerospace Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
0 niepewnościach stężenia wzorców stosowanych podczas kalibracji potencjometrycznych elektrod jonoselektywnych
About the uncertainty of concentration standards applied in the calibration of potentiometric ion-selective electrodes
Autorzy:
Wiora, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/152458.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
elektroda jonoselektywna
niepewność
stężenie
aktywność jonów
ion-selective electrode
uncertainty
concentration
ion activity
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono relacje pomiedzy potencjałem elektrody jonoselektywnej a stężeniem jonów w roztworze. Przedstawiono przykład wykonania wzorca aktywności. Przeanalizowano niepewność stężenia jonów we wzorcach przygotowywanych poprzez rozpuszczanie soli, we wzorcach powstałych poprzez rozcieńczenia oraz we wzorcach otrzymanych automatycznie metodą wielokrotnego rozcieńczania wzorca.
The relationship between the potential E of the ion-selective electrode and ion concentration c are presented in the paper - eqs. (1)-5). The operations needed to prepare an activity standard, basing on eqs. (7) - (10), are listed and an example is given, haw to make it. Basing on eq. (11), linking concentration c, mass of salt m* and volume of solution V, the relative concentration uncertainty ur(c) is derived - eq. (12), and using a scale and non-ideal salt not having 100% content (cont) of substance of interest, the eq. (14) is obtained. After dilutions - eq. (15), concentration uncertainty changes - eq. (17). The next example is placed illustrating the change. The concentration uncertainties of standards obtained using multiple dilution method implemented on the automatic system SAWCEJS [5] are calculated in sec. 4.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2008, R. 54, nr 5, 5; 318-321
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pre-concentration of graphite and LiCoO2 in spent lithium-ion batteries using enhanced gravity concentrator
Autorzy:
Zhu, X,-N.
Tao, Y.-J.
He, Y.-Q.
Zhang, Y.
Sun, Q.-X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109609.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
spent lithium-ion batteries
electrode material
resource utilization
pre-concentration
enhanced gravity concentrator
Opis:
The pre-concentration of electrode material of spent lithium-ion battery has great significance on the resource utilization and environmental protection. The feasibility of separation of graphite and LiCoO2 based on density difference using the enhanced gravity concentrator was verified in this paper. Combustion characteristics of LiCoO2 and graphite were used to propose a simple evaluation index of separation efficiency. Separation tests were carried out to specify the influence of operating parameters on the separation efficiency. Moreover, the effect of particle size on the separation performance was studied. Combustion characteristics results showed that mass loss of graphite was much greater than that of LiCoO2. Thus, mass loss were used to evaluate the purity of product. Effective separation of graphite and LiCoO2 was achieved by the enhanced centrifugal separator. Separation results showed that increasing centrifugal force decreased the overflow yield and increased the graphite content of the overflow stream. In addition, yield of overflow grew an increase in fluidization water pressure, while the purity of graphite in overflow decreased. The effect of particle size on the separation efficiency was also significant, the separation efficiency decreased with the decreasing of particle size.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 2; 293-299
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Mesh Electrodes Geometry on the Ozone Concentration in the Presence of Micanite Dielectric
Autorzy:
Gnapowski, Ernest
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101880.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
ozone
DBD discharge
mesh electrode
micanite dielectric
ozon
wyładowanie DBD
elektroda siatkowa
mikanit dielektryczny
Opis:
The manuscript presents experimental research on a plasma reactor with two mesh electrodes and a micanite dielectric. Three types of electrode geometry were used in experimental research; mesh size 0.1 x 0.1 mm, 0.3 x 0.3 mm and perforated electrodes with Ø1.38 mm holes. The results of experimental research show the influence of electrode geometry on the ozone generation process. The use of electrodes perforated with Ø1.38 mm holes generates 20% lower ozone concentration, compared to the configuration with two mesh electrodes size 0.1 x 0.1 mm at the same power of discharges.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2018, 12, 4; 76-80
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pomiarowa ocena jakości drgań sekcji elektrod zbiorczych elektrofiltru
Measuring quality assessment of collecting electrode vibrations of electrostatic precipitators
Autorzy:
Nowak, A. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/157298.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
elektrofiltr suchy
elektroda zbiorcza
drgania
weryfikacja pomiarowa
electrostatic precipitator
collecting electrode
vibration
measurement verification
Opis:
W artykule scharakteryzowano zastosowaną aparaturę pomiarową oraz sposób realizacji pomiarów przyspieszeń w punktach kontrolnych elektrod zbiorczych. Przedstawiono własną metodologię opracowywania wyników pomiarów, umożliwiającą jej stosowanie do walidacji modeli numerycznych lub oceny jakości drgań sekcji elektrod. Wstępne analizy, przeprowadzone na usystematyzowanych zbiorach danych, wskazały kierunki postępowania przy walidacji modeli numerycznych stosowanych do symulacji dynamicznych.
Electrostatic precipitators (Fig. 1) are used for dust removal and their efficiency influences the environment. However, the effectiveness of these devices depends on many factors [1-10]. One of them is the efficiency of a periodic cleaning of the collecting electrodes (Fig. 1, pos. nZE) - the dust is removed by inducing vibrations at accelerations. These vibrations are caused by axial impact of a beater (Fig. 2, pos. US) on a dust-removal bar. In the course of impact and after its finish the impact stresses are produced in both - shaking down and collecting electrodes - systems. These processes have been the subject of numerous works, e.g. they are dealt with in [11, 12, 13] and many others. The results of calculations obtained by means of the method described in [14] are compared with those obtained from measurements. The paper briefly characterizes the measurement equipment (Tab. 1) used and the manner of measurements (Fig. 2). The author also presents his own methodology (Section 3), enabling applying it for validation of numerical models (Section 4) of one of the collecting electrode sections (Fig. 1, pos. ZEP). In conclusion it can be stated that the preliminary analysis carried out on such a systematic collection of data shows the directions for further procedures on validating numerical models for dynamic simulations.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2011, R. 57, nr 3, 3; 277-280
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza Pareto ANOVA cech geometrycznych wyrobów kształtowanych w ZSW w cyklu adaptacyjnym EDM
Pareto ANOVA analysis of geometrical features of the products machined during EDM adaptative cycle in the Integrated Manufacturing System
Autorzy:
Nieciąg, H.
Kudelski, R.
Zagórski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/277705.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
Tematy:
technika współrzędnościowa
Zintegrowane Systemy Wytwarzania
inspekcja elektrod
coordinate technique
Integrated Manufacturing Systems
electrode inspection
Opis:
Czynniki oddziałujące na proces kształtowania EDM materiałów trudno obrabialnych powodują wzrost niedokładności wymiarowo-kształtowej, chropowatości powierzchni wyrobów, a także przyspieszone zużycie narzędzia. W artykule przedstawiono analizę zależności odchyłek wykonawczych powierzchni, które powstają w cyklicznym procesie kształtowania EDM, i odchyłek narzędzia od wybranych czynników. W analizie zastosowano metodę Pareto ANOVA. Geometrię oceniano na podstawie odchyłek wymiaru i odchyłek geometrycznych elektrody oraz kształtowanej nią powierzchni wyrobu. Pomiary wykonano na współrzędnościowej maszynie pomiarowej w trybie kontroli po każdym cyklu obróbki pojedynczego elementu. Obróbkę zrealizowano w Zintegrowanym Systemie Wytwarzania (ZSW), pracującym w Centrum Obsługi Badań Naukowych i Dydaktyki WIMIR AGH. Przeanalizowano także wskaźniki WRR i MRR, charakteryzujące efektywność procesu i przydatność narzędzia.
Factors influencing the process of EDM shaping of hard-to-machine materials result in increased dimensional inaccuracy, surface roughness, and accelerated tool wear. The article presents an analysis of the dependence of the real deviations of the surfaces of the machined parts that are manufactured in the cyclic process of machining EDM, as well as the deviations of the used tools, from selected factors. The analysis uses the Pareto ANOVA method. Geometry was evaluated on the basis of deviations of the tool and the corresponding deviations of the surface. Measurements were performed in the Integrated Manufacturing System working in the WIMIR AGH Scientific Research Center, on the coordinate measuring machine in inspection mode, after each machining cycle of a single element. The WRR and MRR indicators were also analyzed, characterizing the process efficiency and utility of the tool.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka; 2017, 21, 4; 67-74
1427-9126
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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