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    Tytuł:
    Selected aspects of the construction of armoured bank vehicles of new generation
    Autorzy:
    Pijanowski, B.
    Łukjanow, S.
    Zieliński, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246670.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    armoured vehicles
    bank vehicles
    electrical requirements
    electric standards
    Opis:
    The high degree of persons and property security risk, especially during cash value transport increases the demand for Cash/valuables-in-transit (CVIT) vehicles. These vehicles are, in addition to the transport of valuables, which include money, goods made of silver, gold, platinum, may also carry documents containing classified information important for the security of the State. It is noticeable tendency to increase safety requirements for use of these vehicles. The new Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs and Administration respecting “the requirements to be met to protect the monetary value stored and transported by businesses and other agencies” of 7 September 2010 (Dz.U. 2010.0166.1128) introduces three groups of CVIT vehicles: type A, type B and type C. The most strict, but also providing the highest levels of security are requirements for CVIT vehicles type A. This article refers to some problems concerning the design of these vehicles. The article presents regulations and standards referring to the CVIT vehicles obligatory in Poland. There are presented the uppermost technical requirements for new generation of CVIT vehicles. There are also proposed the attack protection performance classes and ratings for quality assessment of these vehicles, including the energy ratio. Some of the issues of construction and armour in relation to the use of the series cargo truck bodies and chassis for building the CVIT vehicles are discussed. There are discussed the operation and application of an innovatory auxiliary drive unit and some electronic systems
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 4; 349-356
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigations of electric field strength (in EMC context) in chosen vehicles exposed to electromagnetic field
    Autorzy:
    Łukjanow, S.
    Tokarzewski, J.
    Kołodziejczak, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242095.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    transport
    vehicles
    electrical/electronic equipment
    electrical/electronic reguirements
    electric/electronic standards
    Opis:
    Fast development of electronics in recent years causes that the number of various kind electronic systems is still growing. This causes also that requirements concerning tests of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) of whole vehicles as well as their electric/electronic subassemblies become more significant. In this paper, the most important requirements of international regulations in the range of EMC, i. e., ECE UN Regulation No. l0 and EU Directive 2004/104/EC, have been outlined. Moreover, results of investigations of electric field strength inside of three chosen vehicles have been presented. The tests have been performed, according to Directive 2004/104/EC, in an absorber-lined shielded chamber in thefrequency band 20MHz to 2000MHz and at the electric field strength in the reference point equal to 30V/m. The most important results of these investigations have been presented in the form of graphs of electric field strength distribution in various points of tested vehicles. Individual electric/electronic devices o f a vehicle are exposed to electromagnetic field with a very wide range of values of electric field strength - depending upon a device position in a vehicle, vehicle type and antenna polarization. Values of electric field strength inside of a vehicle may essentially exceed the values recommended by standards for immunity tests of electric/electronic subassemblies.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 3; 233-241
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Układy wzorców pola elektrycznego i magnetycznego w metrologii gęstości mocy
    Systems of the electric and magnetic field standards in the power density metrology
    Autorzy:
    Grudziński, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/157396.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
    Tematy:
    wzorce pola elektrycznego
    wzorce pola magnetycznego
    gęstość mocy
    electric field standards
    magnetic field standards
    power density
    Opis:
    Szybki rozwój i wykorzystanie wielu źródeł mocy w zakresie małych i wielkich częstotliwości w przemyśle, telekomunikacji, nauce, technice i medycynie, wojsku, a nawet w gospodarstwie domowym spowodował rozwój narzędzi służących do pomiarów pola elektromagnetycznego (PEM) i związanej z tym metrologii pól elektromagnetycznych. W ochronie pracy i środowiska są to pomiary w bezpośrednim otoczeniu pierwotnych i wtórnych źródeł. Znaczną degradację dokładności pomiaru powodują specyficzne własności pola, w tym szczególnie pola bliskiego. Wymienione czynniki są źródłem wielu błędów zarówno na stanowiskach wzorców jak i bezpośrednio w trakcie pomiarów terenowych.
    The development of contemporary civilization is associated with the consumption of more and more quantities of electromagnetic energy in communication, technology, science, medicine, and military in the household. The hazard created by an exposure to EMF requires the field measurements in the neighborhood of primary and secondary field sources. Remarkable degradation of the measurement accuracy is specific properties of the field, and in particular the near-field. The factors mentioned reduce the accuracy of the measurements both while the measurements are done with the use of standard field sets in a Lab and during the field measurements.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2006, R. 52, nr 7/8, 7/8; 16-19
    0032-4140
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ograniczanie emisyjności pojazdów w transporcie drogowym. Pojazdy hybrydowe i elektryczne w Polsce – perspektywy i bariery rozwoju
    Limiting emission from road transport. Hybrid and electric vehicles in Poland – perspectives and barriers for market development
    Autorzy:
    Krzak, Jacek
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16539512.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
    Tematy:
    road transport
    air pollution
    emission standards
    electric car
    Opis:
    In this paper the author addresses the issue of road transport in the context of its environmental impact. The article discusses the issue of air pollution from motor vehicle emissions and various methods of tackling this problem. The first section provides an overview of the most important data related to air pollution caused by road transport and the main EU regulations concerning vehicle emission standards. The second section of the article is devoted to barriers that hinder the growth of the hybrid and electric vehicle market. This analysis is carried out on the basis of the vehicle market conditions in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Studia BAS; 2012, 1(29); 161-184
    2080-2404
    2082-0658
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia BAS
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of the Lithuanian national standard of electric resistance
    Autorzy:
    Bartašiūnas, Andrius
    Miškinis, Rimantas
    Smirnov, Dmitrij
    Urba, Emilis
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1849159.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    measurement standards
    electric resistance
    standard resistor
    calibration
    uncertainty
    prediction
    Opis:
    The Lithuanian national standard of electric resistance is maintained as the basis for calibration and measurement capabilities published in the key comparison database of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). The stability and uncertainty of the resistance value measurements, performed since 2004 using the calibrated values of the standard resistors to predict their future behaviour as well as influence of environmental conditions, are discussed. Also discussed is the recovery of a standard resistor which had undergone a mechanical disturbance. It is concluded that the standard resistors operated by the Lithuanian National Electrical Standards Laboratory feature stable drift of resistance, which is well predicted by means of linear regression.
    Źródło:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2020, 27, 4; 615-624
    0860-8229
    Pojawia się w:
    Metrology and Measurement Systems
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Safety evaluation for a high signal operator with electric field exposure induced by contact wires
    Autorzy:
    Yang, Chang-Qiong
    Lu, Mai
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841301.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    contact wires
    electric field
    finite element method (FEM)
    high signal operator
    ICNIRP standards
    occupational exposure
    safety evaluation
    Opis:
    To evaluate the occupational safety of a high signal operator exposed to the electric field induced by contact wires with a frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 27.5 kV, this study established a model of a high signal operator working in the vicinity of single and double-track railways. The electric field distribution in the operator’s body and his head were calculated and analyzed during the operation using the finite element method (FEM). The calculated results were compared with the international standard occupational exposure limits formulated by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and action levels (ALs), exposure limit values (ELVs) in Directive 2013/35/EU (EU Directive). In the case of a single-track railway exposure, the maximum electric field strength in the worker’s body, in the scalp layer, and inside the brain are 227 mV/m, 2.76 kV/m, and 0.14 mV/m, respectively. For a double-track railway exposure, the maximum internal electric field strength of the operator is 310 mV/m, which is 37.85% of the occupational exposure basic restriction limit. The maximum electric field strength in the head layers is 3.42 kV/m, which is 34.2% of the occupational exposure reference level and 34.2% of the low ALs. The maximum electric field strength of the brain is 0.19 mV/m, which is 0.19% of the occupational basic restriction limit and 0.135% of the sensory effects ELVs. Results show that the electric field exposure of the high signal operator to contact wires in single- and double-track railways is lower than the occupational exposure limits provided by the ICNIRP and EU Directive standards and is thus regarded as safe for workers.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2021, 70, 2; 431-444
    1427-4221
    2300-2506
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Electrical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Standardization of ADAS functionalities for fully electric vehicles
    Autorzy:
    Matysiak, A.
    Niezgoda, M.
    Kamiński, T.
    Kruszewski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393401.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu
    Tematy:
    electric vehicle
    advanced driver assistance system
    driver information system
    standards
    pojazd elektryczny
    zaawansowany system wspomagania kierowcy
    system informacji kierowcy
    normy
    Opis:
    EcoGem Project was conducted in scope of ICT Green Cars Initiative under the Seventh Framework Program, during 2010-2013 period. EcoGem Consortium’s aim was to provide ICT-based solutions increasing the mobility of Fully Electric Vehicles (FEV). A FEV-dedicated Advanced Driver Assistance System was developed in scope of the Project. It included suitable monitoring, analysis, reasoning and management capabilities, which increased the autonomy and energy efficiency of FEVs. One of the Project’s goals was to deliver a significant contribution into standardization activities concerning management of external information provided to ADAS systems. During the project development, a contact with various standardization organizations was established. We contributed to the standard development activities of OGC and TISA. The article presents the proposed solutions with regard to EcoGem functionalities. Described in the article standardization contribution includes new FEV oriented propositions of specifications for transmission of multi-modal traffic and travel information as well as the attributes defining charging stations.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2013, 6, 4; 31-36
    1899-8208
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport System Telematics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effects of exhaust emissions of using hybrid engine in vehicles
    Autorzy:
    Bicer, A.
    Kaya, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95171.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
    Tematy:
    hybrid electric vehicle
    hybrid drive system
    hybrid engine
    exhaust emissions
    fuel consumption
    emission standards
    pojazd hybrydowy
    układ napędowy hybrydowy
    silnik hybrydowy
    emisja spalin
    zużycie paliwa
    standardy emisyjne
    Opis:
    At the beginning of the work on the effects of global warming and climate change in the international area, there are efforts to reduce exhaust emissions. Because fossil fuel is depleting and exhaust emission gases emitted to the atmosphere are rising rapidly, energy efficiency is on the agenda in transportation. Therefore, automotive developers and scientists have undertaken new research in the automotive sector. Hybrid electric vehicle technology is one of the important studies that these researchers continue. In the hybrid electric vehicle technology, the hybrid engine is aimed to give the best results in terms of exhaust emission, fuel consumption and maintenance costs compared to other internal combustion engines, and at the same time the hybrid engine is aimed to perform better than other internal combustion engines. General information about the hybrid electric vehicle technology as one of the new and alternative technologies in these study is provided. In addition, information was given about exhaust emission, emission standards and fuel consumption. Comparisons were made between the hybrid engine and other internal combustion engines.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering; 2018, 2, 3; 209-216
    2544-0780
    2544-1671
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Trends in automotive emissions legislation: impact on LD engine development, fuels, lubricants, and test methods – a global view, with a focus on WLTP and RDE regulations – Summary of the 6th International Exhaust Emissions Symposium (IEES)
    Autorzy:
    Bielaczyc, P.
    Woodburn, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/133409.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
    Tematy:
    global trends of exhaust emissions
    emissions standards
    IC engines
    RDE
    WLTP
    WLTC
    test methods
    fuel development
    hybrid vehicles
    electric vehicles
    światowe trendy emisji spalin
    standardy emisji
    silniki spalinowe
    rozwój paliw
    pojazdy hybrydowe
    pojazdy mechaniczne
    Opis:
    Among the drivers influencing vehicular powertrain development, the field of vehicular exhaust emissions is experiencing wideranging and rapid changes. New emissions regulations such as Euro 6d and new test methods (RDE and WLTP) are the main challenges for the automotive industry caused by political, socioeconomic and technical factors. Air quality is very high on the political agenda and pressure remains to limit and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the road transport sector. In addition to limits becoming increasingly stringent, the list of parameters subject to legal limits are slowly expanding – and, most importantly, these limits must be met under a wide range of conditions. A range of strategies are available to overcome these difficulties, which was explored during the 6th International Exhaust Emissions Symposium (IEES) hosted at BOSMAL in June 2018. This paper reports and summarises the topics of the 6th IEES and attempts a synthesis on the current status of the field of IC engines, hybrid powertrains and electric vehicles and what the coming years may hold for the automotive and fuel industries and other allied fields.
    Źródło:
    Combustion Engines; 2018, 57, 3; 56-65
    2300-9896
    2658-1442
    Pojawia się w:
    Combustion Engines
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Pomiary komfortu wibroakustycznego na stanowisku maszynisty elektrycznych zespołów trakcyjnych w warunkach normalnej eksploatacji
    Measurement of driver vibro-acoustic comfort in electric multiple units under normal operating conditions
    Autorzy:
    Staśkiewicz, Tomasz
    Kominowski, Julian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34112040.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
    Tematy:
    rail vehicle
    vibroacoustic comfort
    measurement
    driver seat
    electric multiple unit
    exploitation
    Vibrations
    noise
    standards
    regulations
    measuring apparatus
    pojazd szynowy
    komfort wibroakustyczny
    pomiar
    stanowisko maszynisty
    elektryczny zespół trakcyjny
    eksploatacja
    drgania
    hałas
    normy
    przepisy
    aparatura pomiarowa
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono metodykę oraz wyniki pomiarów komfortu pracy w zakresie drgań i hałasu na stanowisku pracy maszynisty nowych i zmodernizowanych elektrycznych zespołów trakcyjnych, w oparciu o obowiązujące przepisy oraz normy. Zaprezentowano wykorzystaną aparaturę pomiarową oraz przedstawiono miejsca pomiarów. W artykule zawarto także informacje źródłach drgań i hałasu w pojazdach szynowych.
    The article presents the methodology and results of comfort measurements in terms of noise and vibration in the driver seat of new and modernized electric multiple units, in accordance with applicable regulations and standards. The measuring apparatus used and the location of measurement points has been shown. The article also contains information on the sources of vibration and noise in rail vehicles.
    Źródło:
    Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2016, Nr 4; 55-63
    0138-0370
    2719-9630
    Pojawia się w:
    Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

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