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Wyszukujesz frazę "economic balance" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Economic analysis of stationary and spatially optimized photovoltaic systems for Polish climatic conditions
Autorzy:
Bugała, A.
Frydrychowicz-Jastrzębska, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97238.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
tracking system
economic balance
photovoltaics
payback time
Opis:
The paper presents the economic aspect of use two - axis Sun tracking systems compared with stationary units in photovoltaics on the basis of own annual measurements of electrical energy for local urban conditions. The results were scaled to maximum power of 10 kWp. Electricity consumption by positioning system and maintenance costs were included and estimated payback period of investment for different variants of settlement of produced energy, taking into account own financing, banking and preferential subsidies under the Prosumer program from the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management, was calculated.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2014, 12; 452-461
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of Extrusion on the Biogas and Biomethane Yield of Plant Substrates
Autorzy:
Pilarski, K.
Pilarska, A. A.
Witaszek, K.
Dworecki, Z.
Żelaziński, T.
Ekielski, A.
Makowska, A.
Michniewicz, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/952409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
extrusion
lignocellulosic biomass
anaerobic digestion
biomethane yield
economic balance
Opis:
The objective of the present work was to determine the effect of pretreatment by extrusion on the biogas and biomethane yield of lignocellulosic substrates such as maize silage and maize straw silage. The biogas yields of the substrates before and after treatment were compared. Moreover, energy efficiency of pretreatment by extrusion was analyzed in order to assess the applicability of the process in an agricultural biogas plant. Extrusion tests were carried out in a short single-screw extruder KZM-2 in which the length-to-diameter ratio of the screw was 6:1 and rotational speed was 200 rpm. The biogas yield tests of the plant substrates after extrusion were carried out in a laboratory scale, using 15 biofermenters operated in a periodic manner, at a constant temperature of 39°C (mesophilic digestion) and controlled pH conditions. The gas-emission analysis was performed using a certified gas analyzer from Geotech GA5000. Pretreatment by extrusion was observed to improve the quantity of methane generated: in terms of fresh matter for maize silage subjected to extrusion, the methane yield was 16.48% higher than that of the non-extruded silage. On the other hand, maize straw silage after extrusion gave 35.30% more methane than did the same, non-extruded, material. Differences in yields relative to dry organic matter are also described in this paper. Taking into account the amount of energy that is spent on pretreatment and the generated amount of methane, the energy balance for the process gives an idea of the economics of the operation. For maize silage, energy efficiency was lower by 13.21% (-553.2 kWh/Mg), in contrast to maize straw silage, where the increase in energy was 33.49% (678.4 kWh/Mg). The obtained results indicate that more studies on the pretreatment and digestion of maize silage are required in order to improve the efficiency of its use for making biogas. To fully utilize its potential, it is necessary to know thoroughly the effect of the extrusion process and of biogas production on energy efficiency at different conditions.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2016, 17, 4; 264-272
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sustainable Development in the Bottom-Up Approach – Selected Aspects
Zrównoważony rozwój w podejściu oddolnym – wybrane aspekty
Autorzy:
KUŹNIAK-KRÓL, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/435068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
Socio-economic balance
environmental balance
sustainable development indicators
decentralization
równowaga społeczno-gospodarcza
równowaga środowiskowa
wskaźniki zrównoważonego rozwoju
decentralizacja
Opis:
Economy, society, environment and sometimes indicated institutional and political system – on these pillars is based the idea of sustainable development. The necessity for a global balance in these dimensions hinders the multidimensional approach of ideas. These difficulties increase when the attempt is taken on a macro scale. At that time, detailed monitoring of the performance of countries in terms of sustainability was started, which next would allow for some adjustments. These adjustments aim at identifying the achievable level of norms at the lower economic and social levels, thus creating a more matched system. In this paper was presented selected aspects of sustainable development in the form of indicators, which are referring to Poland in comparison with the maximum, minimum and average results achieved in the European Union. Presenting and analyzing data by identifying disparities between regions is to contribute ultimately to achieve the article goal, that is to confirm the need to introduce appropriate levels of standards in a way that is more matched to the situation of the area and not purely from above, covering larger territories.
Gospodarka, społeczeństwo, środowisko, a czasem nawet i ustrój instytucjonalno-polityczny – to na tych filarach oparta została idea zrównoważonego rozwoju. Potrzeba wprowadzenia równowagi globalnej na tych płaszczyznach utrudnia wielowymiarowe podejście idei. Trudności te powiększają się, gdy próba zostaje podjęta w skali makro. Wówczas to zaczęto szczegółowego monitorować efektywności działania krajów w aspekcie zrównoważonego rozwoju, co w następstwie pozwolić powinno na wprowadzanie pewnych korekt. Korekty te mają na celu określenie osiągalnego poziomu norm na niższych szczeblach gospodarczo-społecznych, a więc stworzenie bardziej dopasowanego systemu. W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawione zostały niektóre aspekty zrównoważonego rozwoju w formie wskaźnikowej, jakie kształtują się na obszarze Polski w zestawieniu z wynikami maksymalnymi, minimalnymi i średnimi osiąganymi w Unii Europejskiej. Prezentacja i analiza danych poprzez wskazanie dysproporcji między regionami ma przyczynić się w efekcie do osiągnięcia celu opracowania, jakim jest potwierdzenie potrzeby wprowadzania poziomów odpowiednich norm w sposób bardziej dopasowany do sytuacji danego obszaru, nie zaś w sposób czysto odgórny, obejmujący większe terytoria.
Źródło:
Economic and Environmental Studies; 2017, 17, 44; 849-863
1642-2597
2081-8319
Pojawia się w:
Economic and Environmental Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of ecological and economic balance of the territory of the Karaganda region
Autorzy:
Rakhmetova, et al., Anar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2088185.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
ecological and economic balance
Karaganda region
anthropogenic load
nature protection
geoinformation technologies
ecological cartography
ArcGIS 10.1.
Opis:
Currently, Kazakhstan is faced with the problem of a serious deterioration of the state of natural resources and the environment in all the most important environmental indicators. Almost a third of agricultural land is now degraded or is under serious threat, and more than 10 million hectares of potentially arable land in the past have been abandoned. This article discusses various methods and also carries out a comprehensive assessment of the environmental and economic balance of the Karaganda region. For the study on the state of the regional-scale object, the choice as the basis for analyzing the structure of the land seems to be the most adequate, since it is the land use device that objectively reflects the current state of industrial, agricultural and recreational impact. A comprehensive assessment of the ecological and economic balance of the territory of the Karaganda region was carried out according to the ratio of the main land-use categories taking into account the intensity of anthropogenic load. The coefficient of natural protection of the territory is determined and the outlined trends in the ecological and economic state are analyzed.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2020, 53, 2; 211-224
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybrane sposoby wzmacniania skorodowanej stalowej obudowy odrzwiowej
Selected ways of reinforcing the corroded steel arch support
Autorzy:
Prusek, St.
Rotkegel, M.
Małecki, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/164781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Górnictwa
Tematy:
obudowa wyrobisk korytarzowych
górnictwo
korozja
wzmacnianie obudowy wyrobisk korytarzowych
rachunek ekonomiczny
roadway supports
mining
corrosion
reinforcing roadway supports
economic balance
Opis:
W artykule porównano wybrane, najczęściej stosowane metody wzmacniania skorodowanej stalowej obudowy wyrobisk korytarzowych. Zestawiono cechy charakterystyczne poszczególnych metod oraz koszty stosowania niektórych z nich. Spośród analizowanych sposobów najbardziej efektywnym wydaje się być torkretowanie. Przemawia za tym rachunek ekonomiczny oraz poziom bezpieczeństwa prowadzonych prac. Jednak skuteczność obudowy powłokowej z betonu natryskowego wymaga zapewnienia odpowiednich parametrów zgodnych z przyjętymi na etapie projektowania.
This paper compares the most commonly used methods of reinforcing corroded steel arch roadway supports. The characteristics the costs of use of the presented methods are summarized. Among the analyzed, the most effective way of reinforcing appears to be shotcreting. This is influenced by the economic balance and the level of work safety. However, to ensure the effectiveness of the shotcrete lining it is necessary to obtain shotcrete parameters corresponding to those used at the design stage.
Źródło:
Przegląd Górniczy; 2015, 71, 5; 71-77
0033-216X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Górniczy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Socio-Economic Approach to the Competitive Balance in Professional Team Sports
Autorzy:
Tittenbrun, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1191445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
economic ownership
economic rent
uncertainty of outcome
competitive balance
labour power
Bosman law
Opis:
The present paper is organised around the notion of competitive balance in team sports, its unique approach lying in an ownership-based analysis. While the concept of economic ownership is here understood as rent, the author takes pains to point out how this approach differs from the concept of economic rent, as it is framed in neo-classical economics. The paper sets out to sketch out a socio-economic perspective from which to view the area of team sports in general, and the important issue of competitive balance in particular. The lynchpin of that perspective is constituted by the notion of economic ownership. While the latter is understood as rent, the author takes pains to point out that the latter notion sharply differs from the concept of economic rent HELD by conventional economics. The paper demonstrates the merits of the perspective which CASTS new light on many hitherto either unrecognised or misrecognised phenomena.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 40; 93-107
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Family and economic growth in Poland. New estimation results
Autorzy:
Sztaudynger, Jan Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/653289.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
economic growth
family
Work-Family Balance
econometric model
marriage
divorce
Opis:
Economic growth is mostly explained by investments and employment growth. Since the mid-1990s various social categories have been introduced into the economic growth analysis, such as trust, crime and income inequality, etc. According to sociology and psychology, it is the family that constitutes interpersonal relationships and is an indicator of happiness and quality of life. It can be said that happy people better fulfil their social roles and also work better. We put forward the hypothesis that family ties have an influence on economic growth. More precisely: the more divorces (relative to existing marriages) there are, the slower economic growth is. This hypothesis was confirmed in an analysis of Poland’s economy in the years 1995–2017. Due to the disintegration of family ties measured by the divorce rate, Poland’s annual economic growth was slowed by about a 1 percentage point on average. This estimation is based on the productivity (GDP to labor ratio) growth model which, along with the divorce rate, also includes the investment and new marriage rates.
Źródło:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym; 2018, 21, 8; 101-118
1899-2226
2353-4869
Pojawia się w:
Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polish economy in 1990–2018: Balance of development in new political conditions
Autorzy:
Parysek, Jerzy J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1945459.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-01-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
economic development
social development
development trajectories
balance of transformation process in Poland
Opis:
Thirty years of Poland’s economic development in new political conditions is a good opportunity to study the course of the economic development process. This article presents the results of research that takes into account macroeconomic indicators that synthesize important development categories. These indicators concern the demographic situation (population, natural increase, economic activity and unemployment rate), economy (GDP, inflation, number of business entities, investment outlays, budget deficit) and standard of living of the population (remuneration, housing situation, cars). In the study, a graphic method of time series analysis was applied, i.e. a connected trajectory, allowing a synthetic assessment of development processes in terms of aspects that express the considered features. Presentation of the research results is preceded by a presentation of the causes of transformation and an indication of development factors and conditions, in particular after 1989. The study is general and synthetic and does not take into account the details that had an impact on the situation described by the size of the indicators taken into account.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2022, 11, 4; 1-17
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Balance Paradox of Management
Autorzy:
Gospodarek, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/14473175.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-23
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bankowa we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
General economic equilibrium
rationally bounded decisions
paradox of management
micro/macro balance
management theory.
Opis:
Aim: There exists an inequilibrium between the available quantity of goods and the level of consumption resulting in local economic polarisations and asymmetric capital concentrations. Replacements of real money with derivative instruments cause strong perturbations on capital markets. Consumer preferences change towards the maximization of the utility of the used capital. The above observations are a basis for the hypothesis that managers, in general, prefer to maximize the momentum profit regardless of the risk of losing the stability of macroeconomic systems. Design/Research method: It is heuristic about the objective function of an organization based on observations, that there are two excluding tendencies in formulating goals: to maximize the profit (using all possible opportunities) and simultaneously to achieve stability in the long run (keeping the micro-macro balance). Conclusions/findings: Managements cause deviations from the micro-macro balance, and at the same time trying to keep this balance. This leads to the following paradox of management (the balance dilemma of management): Managers always try to maximize opportune profits, regardless of future benefits that may be derived from keeping the equilibrium. And conversely, rational long-term stability suggests postponing most opportunities and keeping external boundaries (e.g. realizing sustainable development). However, managers’ temporary preferences lead to an increasing number of unbalanced interactions between organizations and their surroundings, up to the critical point when some catastrophic economic processes may take place. Originality/value of the article: Original heuristics based on the observations of some micro-macro economic balance relations in business practice. Implications of the research: One more paradox in the theory of management have been presented. It is important for base statements of the theory of organizational bahaviors consistency and inferring would be more accurate. JEL: L2, M21, D5, F41
Źródło:
Central European Review of Economics and Management; 2018, 2, 2; 143-157
2543-9472
Pojawia się w:
Central European Review of Economics and Management
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elektrownia rzeczna o małych nakładach
Small river power plants
Autorzy:
Templin, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/95484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
Tematy:
nakłady inwestycyjne
względy techniczne
aspekt prawny
aspekt ekonomiczny
rozwój hydroenergetyki
bilans ekonomiczny budowy i eksploatacji elektrowni wodnej
wybór elektrowni rzecznych o małych nakładach
investment
technical considerations
legal aspect
economic aspect
development of hydropower
balance economic construction and exploitation hydroelectric power plant choice for small editions river
Opis:
W pracy skoncentrowano się na małych elektrowniach wodnych, ze względu na ich niewykorzystywany potencjał w Polsce. Przeważający nizinny charakter ukształtowania terenu nie sprzyja budowaniu elektrowni na rzekach, mimo to występują niewykorzystywane na potrzeby energetyki odcinki rzek, na których można zainstalować tzw. małe elektrownie wodne. Po to, aby zlokalizować optymalne miejsce pod budowę elektrowni, należy nie tylko brać pod uwagę aspekty ekonomiczne, ale również ekologiczne i społeczne. Praca poświęcona jest tematyce racjonalnego wyszukiwania lokalizacji pod ich budowę z wykorzystaniem systemów informacji geograficznej. Cel osiągnięto głównie poprzez przedstawienie kosztów inwestycyjnych (cena budowy MEW).
The article says about small hydroelectric power plants due to their unused potential in Poland. The predominant lowland topography is not conducive to building a power plant on the rivers, but there are still unused rivers streches on which you can install small hydropower plants. To find the optimum location for the plants should not only consider economical aspects, but also environmental and social. This article is also about searching for a rational location of plants with the use of Geographic Information Systems. This was achieved primarily by the presentation of the investment costs (construction costs of their building).
Źródło:
Postępy w Inżynierii Mechanicznej; 2015, 5(3); 69-78
2300-3383
Pojawia się w:
Postępy w Inżynierii Mechanicznej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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