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Tytuł:
Naturalne i sztuczne zagrożenia lasów w Nadleśnictwie Ujsoły
Natural and artificial threats of forests in the Ujsoły Forest District
Autorzy:
Bednarz, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29433626.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
drzewostany
gospodarka leśna
las
Nadleśnictwo Ujsoły
zagrożenia leśne
stands
forest management
forest
Ujsoły Forest District
forest threats
Opis:
Praca zawiera przegląd czynników wpływających na obumieranie drzewostanów w Nadleśnictwie Ujsoły oraz przedstawia sposoby walki z tymi czynnikami, podejmowane przez Nadleśnictwo. Wykazano, że istnieją zagrożenia naturalne i sztuczne, które negatywnie wpływają na stan zdrowotny lasów w Nadleśnictwie Ujsoły. Do ich oceny wykorzystano dostępne materiały z tego Nadleśnictwa, wyniki wywiadu z jego pracownikami oraz informacje ankietowe uzyskane od miejscowej ludności, a także własne terenowe obserwacje. Z przeprowadzonych badań wynika, że najbardziej negatywny wpływ na stan zdrowotny lasów Nadleśnictwa Ujsoły mają owady, głównie kornik drukarz. Szkodnikami są grzyby, zwierzęta, a także niektóre czynniki klimatyczne. Ich unieszkodliwienie jest trudne, ale może je osłabić prawidłowo prowadzona gospodarki leśna zarówno przez nadleśnictwo, jak i prywatnych właścicieli lasów.
This article includes an overview of factors affecting the decay of forest in the Ujsoły Forest District and presents ways to combat these factors, carried out by the Forest District. It was shown that there are natural and artificial hazards that have a negative impact on the health condition of forests in the Ujsoły Forest District. Their evaluation was based on the materials made available by the Forest Inspectorate, the results of the interview with its employees and survey information obtained from the local population, as well as own field observations. The research shows that the most negative impact on the health condition of forests in the Ujsoły Forest District are insects, mainly spruce bark beetle. Pests are fungi, animals, as well as some climatic factors. Their disposal is difficult, but it can be weakened by properly managed forest management by both the forest inspectorate and private forest owners.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica; 2021, 17; 44-63
2084-5456
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis Studia Geographica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ wielkości gniazd na wzrost dębu szypułkowego w drzewostanach zagospodarowanych rębnią gniazdową częściową
Effect of gaps size on the growth of pedunculate oak in stands managed with a partial group cutting
Autorzy:
Masternak, K.
Głębocka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13925484.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany debowe
odnowienia lasu
odnowienia sztuczne
rebnia gniazdowa czesciowa
wielkosc gniazd
dab szypulkowy
wzrost roslin
Źródło:
Agronomy Science; 2022, 77, 2; 37-47
2544-4476
2544-798X
Pojawia się w:
Agronomy Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ wybranych zabiegów pielęgnacyjnych na kształtowanie się stabilności drzewostanów sosny zwyczajnej
Effect of selected tending intervention on the stability of Scots pine stands
Autorzy:
Masternak, K.
Sobala, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/13925508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
wspolczynnik smuklosci
zabiegi pielegnacyjne
czyszczenia pozne
trzebieze
stabilnosc drzewostanu
Źródło:
Agronomy Science; 2021, 76, 2; 27-35
2544-4476
2544-798X
Pojawia się w:
Agronomy Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Jemioła jako zagrożenie dla zdrowotności drzewostanów iglastych
Mistletoe as a threat to the health state of coniferous forest
Autorzy:
Iszkuło, G.
Armatys, L.
Dering, M.
Ksepko, M.
Tomaszewski, D.
Ważna, A.
Giertych, M.J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany iglaste
Viscum album
leśnictwo
zagrożenia drzewostanów
rośliny pasożytnicze
jemioła pospolita
porażenie drzew
występowanie
oddziaływanie na rośliny
parasitic plant
infestation
biotic forest disturbance
Opis:
The forest area infected by mistletoe (Viscum album L.) in Europe has been increasing in recent years. The highest potential threat is posed by Viscum album subsp. austriacum, a parasite of Pinus sylvestris, and V. album subsp. abietis, a parasite of Abies alba. The paper presents a literature review related to biology, ecology and possible methods of limiting the negative impact of mistletoe on forest management. The vast majority of studies indicate that the presence of mistletoe negatively affects the growth as well as defensive and reproductive capabilities of trees. Due to the wasteful water management of the parasite, infected trees are particularly vulnerable to weakening during periods of drought. Mistletoe is a heliophilous taxon and forest breeding treatments should reduce light intensity in the forest canopy. Foresters should resign from leaving individual and group seed trees in forest stands inhabited by mistletoe after the cuts, because they may be a source of seeds for the parasite invasion to the neighboring stands. The most effective method against mistletoe is cutting out the infected trees. However, removal of individual trees in forest stand may be difficult, because the most often they are the dominant and hence the most vulnerable trees in the forest management. Mistletoe is also noticeable when the number of infected trees is already very large and they cannot be removed without disturbing the stability of the forest stand. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop methods for monitoring stands for early detection of threat. Remote sensing methods can be very useful. It is also necessary to develop management strategies with mistletoe infected stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 03; 226-236
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ochrona przyrody i gospodarka leśna w Puszczy Białowieskiej : Brak kompleksowej strategii działania
Nature Protection and Forest Management in the Białowieska Forest – Illegal Felling of Trees and Lack of Supervision by Competent Bodies
Autorzy:
Krzywicka, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042189.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-10
Wydawca:
Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:
Puszcza Białowieska
ochrona przyrody
gospodarka leśna
drzewostany
obszary chronione
wycinka drzew
kornik drukarz
Białowieska Forest
nature protection
forest management
tree stands
protected areas
logging
spruce bark beetle
Opis:
Białowieski Park Narodowy należy do światowego dziedzictwa UNESCO od 1979 r. W 1992 r. jego obszar powiększono o białoruską część Puszczy Białowieskiej, a w 2014 r. ponownie go poszerzono. Obecnie obejmuje cały jej teren po obu stronach granicy o powierzchni 141 885 ha. Obowiązkiem Polski jako strony Konwencji UNESCO z 1972 r. dotyczącej Światowego Dziedzictwa Kulturalnego i Naturalnego jest ochrona Puszczy przed zniszczeniem i zachowanie jej w niezmienionej postaci dla przyszłych pokoleń. Z ustaleń kontroli NIK wynika jednak, że w latach 2008–2018 nie opracowano opartej na merytorycznych podstawach strategii prowadzenia gospodarki leśnej w Puszczy, która służyłaby jej ochronie. Prowadzenie cięć w drzewostanach zagrożonych obecnością kornika drukarza nie zawsze było zaś poprzedzone wnikliwą oceną ich wpływu na siedliska i gatunki chronione.
The Białowieska Forest is one of Poland’s ten UNESCO Biosphere Reserves, which protect unique nature and cultural values of the area. In 2008, the Polish part of the Białowieska Forest was covered with the Natura 2000 PLC200004 protection. Therefore, it is a unique area, where forest management calls for special care and respecting of regulations on nature protection. However, as a result of the decisions on increased felling of trees, justified with the intention to reduce massive attacks of the European spruce bark beetle, on 20th July 2017 the European Commission filed a complaint to the EU Court of Justice claiming Poland had failed to meet the requ irements stemming from the Bird Directive and the Habitats Directive. On 17th April 2018, the Court of Justice confirmed the stance of the Commission. As a result, from July 2018 to January 2019, the Supreme Audit Office of Poland conducted the audit to check whether forest management in the Białowieska Forest was compliant with the law, including nature protection requirements.
Źródło:
Kontrola Państwowa; 2020, 65, 5 (394); 33-44
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:
Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optymalizacja rozmiaru użytkowania rębnego metodą programowania liniowego
Harvest volume optimization with linear programming
Autorzy:
Zaborski, K.
Banaś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978994.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany
optymalizacja
programowanie liniowe
leśnictwo
użytkowanie rębne
rozmiar użytkowania rębnego
linear programming
harvest planning
net present value
stand scheduling
Opis:
The paper presents a linear programming method of harvest volume determination including calculations of net present value (NPV) of standing timber. NPV was computed taking into account the costs of harvesting and skidding and a discount rate of 2.5%. Harvest volume was determined for three 10−year management periods according to the following four scenarios: (1) Vol_max – timber volume maximization within constraints concerning harvest area (4 ha), cutting interval (5 year), felling a maximum of two adjacent cutting plots over a 10−year period, combined harvest area per decade (a quarter of the total area of near−mature, mature, and overmature stands), and minimum stand age (starting with near−mature stands); (2) RA – as in the Vol_max scenario plus the harvest area per decade should be smaller than or equal to the regulated area; (3) NPV_max – NPV maximization while respecting all constraints from the Vol_max scenario; and (4) IUL – pursuant to the Instrukcja… [2012]. Calculations included allowable cuts by maturity for mature stands (the last age class) and near−mature and mature stands (two last age classes), as well as the allowable cut for mean age equalization. Subsequently, the optimum allowable cut was determined and particular stands were designated for felling, starting with the oldest ones, and taking into consideration spatial layout. An optimization case study was done for the Seredzice forest unit designated for clearcutting, consisting of pine stands or stands with a predominance of Scots pine growing on coniferous and mixed coniferous habitat types with a total area of 813.20 ha in the Marcule Forest District (C Poland). The total harvest volume determined using linear programming for a 30−year period was 81.17, 74.70, and 80.84 thousand m3 in the Vol_max, RA, and NPV_max scenarios, respectively, which was greater by 29%, 19%, and 28% than in the IUL scenario (62.95 thousand m3). The total NPV of stands designated for harvesting in the 30−year period was 9423, 8824, and 9483 thousand PLN for the Vol_max, RA, and NPV_max scenarios, respectively, as compared to 7492 thousand PLN in the IUL scenario. The simultaneous determination of harvest volume for several management periods by analyzing the parameters of individual stands and selecting the optimum harvest period for them makes it possible to better exploit the production potential of the forest and increase both the volume and value of the harvested timber over a long time horizon.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 03; 187-195
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozmiar uszkodzeń drzew pozostających podczas nasiębiernej zrywki w drzewostanie sosnowym przy wykorzystaniu posztucznej metody szacowania
Size of the damage to the trees remaining during the digging skidding in Scots pine stand using the original method of estimation
Autorzy:
Wójcik, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/978984.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
zrywka drewna
zrywka nasiebierna
forwardery
uszkodzenia drzew
leśnictwo
oddziaływanie na las
metody szacowania szkód
damaged trees
frequency of injuries
selective thinning
skidding
forwarder
Opis:
The purpose of the research was to present problems related to the damage to the stand resulting from the scraping works performed on its surface, mainly with the use of forwarder skidding. The research was conducted in thinned Scots pine stands in the IV and V age class in the Wipsowo Forest District (northern Poland). In the selected stands we carried out the inventory of the stand layers. Based on the obtained data, the level of damage to trees after thinning operations was calculated. Damage resulting from the skidding with forwarder in the individual manipulation plots was at a level of 18.2−18.7% in the method used by the Wipsowo Forest District, while in the method proposed by the author damage level equaled 3.9−9.8%. It was found out that the highest number of damage occurred in the belt up to 5 m from the skidding trail, especially at the width of the trails below 4 m. The damage is most affected by the stand density – the higher it is, the more trees are damaged.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 03; 216-225
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wielkość i wydajność aparatu asymilacyjnego sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.)
Size and efficiency of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) assimilation apparatus
Autorzy:
Beker, C.
Turski, M.
Kaźmierczak, K.
Najgrakowski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979342.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
aparat asymilacyjny
masa igliwia
wydajnosc aparatu asymilacyjnego
leśnictwo
drzewa leśne
masa ulistnionych gałązek
mass of twigs covered with needles
mass of needles
efficiency of assimilation apparatus
Opis:
The aim of the study is to analyse the size and efficiency of assimilation apparatus of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestis L.) using the site index model for unthinned pine stands (Model Pinus). The size of the assimilation apparatus was regarded in terms of mass of the twigs covered with needles (Ugc) and mass of needles (Ic). It reaches maximum values at the age of 20−25 years, then dynamically decreases to the age of 50 years, stabilizes between 50 and 80 years and from the age of 85 to 120 years again shows a mild increasing trend. The maximum mass of twigs covered with needles is from 40 (BON34) to 20 (BON26) t/ha, while mass of needles – from 25 (BON34) to 13 (BON26) t/ha. The minimum weight is from 18 (BON34) to 16 (BON26) t/ha and from 13 (BON34) to 11 (BON26) t/ha, respectively. The efficiency of the assimilation apparatus determined as the dependence of the current volume increment on in the dependence on mass of twigs covered with needles (WUgc) or mass of needles (WIc) is dynamically increasing and at the age of 45 years it reaches the maximum and then shows a downward trend to the age of 120 years. At the culminating point of these features, they are similar for all site indices and range from 0.83 to 0.88 m3/t (WUgc) and from 1.23 to 1.31 m3/t (WIc).
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 01; 3-9
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ typu siedliskowego lasu na wielkość i masę igieł opadających w ciągu roku w 30-letnich drzewostanach sosnowych
Impact of the forest habitat type on the size and mass of the annual needles fall in 30-year-old Scots pine stands
Autorzy:
Turski, M.
Beker, C.
Jaszczak, R.
Szymański, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
sosna zwyczajna
Pinus sylvestris
czynniki siedliska
typy siedliskowe lasu
leśnictwo
opad igieł
needles fall
mass and size
forest habitat
Opis:
The article presents the size and weight of needles in 30−year−old Scots pine stands over one year with regard to the site conditions in which they grow (fresh mixed coniferous and fresh coniferous habitats). Two rectangular 1−hectare sample plots, which differed from one another only with the habitat type, were set up in Maszewo forestry in the Cybinka Forest District (western Poland). The plots were divided into 100 one−acre subplots, which were ascribed numbers from 1 to 100. In order to pick 10 plots a random number generator was used. The middle of the chosen plot became the central point of the 1−acre circular sample plots, where the measurements of all diameters at breast height and the height of every fifth tree were taken. Moreover, it was also the place where a square needle collection container (20 cm high, 1 m2 area) was located. The empty containers were placed in both experimental plots on 1st August 2017 and they were emptied on the first day of each month, throughout the entire year. The entire material was dried at the temperature of 65°C with an induced air flow. The needle mass was measured with the accuracy up to 0.001 g. Out of the samples collected each month, 300 needles were chosen at random in order to measure their length (after they were scanned with WinFOLIA program the size of each individual needle was established). Throughout the entire year, on fresh coniferous habitat the mass of the fallen needles was 2.8203 t/ha and it was by over 20% higher than it was determined for the fresh coniferous habitat. The lowest mass of the needle fall in each stand was in January, and the greatest in September on the fresh coniferous habitat, whereas in October on the fresh mixed coniferous habitat. In both of these cases, it was more than a half of the needle mass for the entire year. The average length of the fallen needles was in each month smaller on the fresh coniferous habitat and the differences between the analyzed stands were significant. The difference was the smallest (3.3%) in May, while the greatest (18.8%) in February. Moreover, significant differences in the length of the needles in the particular months in both types of stands were observed. The coefficient of variation for the needles length on the fresh mixed coniferous habitat ranged from 17.4 to 22.8%, whereas on the other habitat it varied between 14.2 and 21.6%. The mean of the coefficients of variation for the particular months was lower by 2.0% and for fresh coniferous habitat it reached 18.25%.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 02; 118-126
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie punktowo-drzewostanowej metody inwentaryzacji ptaków w lasach zagospodarowanych
Application of the point-stand method of the bird census in the managed forests
Autorzy:
Sikora, D.
Borecki, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany gospodarcze
inwentaryzacja zwierzat
metoda punktowo-drzewostanowa
leśnictwo
ptaki leśne
forest birds
point counting method
biodiversity indicators
Opis:
This paper presents the results of a bird census in the Morgi forest range in the Kolbuszowa Forest District (SE Poland). The census was conducted using the point−stand method, i.e. a modification of the point count. This modification enabled tailoring the method to the conditions of the Polish forestry, in which forest stand that is the basic unit of silviculture planning and forest management. The aim of the study was to test the new method of bird census in the managed and large−scale forest units, and to evaluate the utility of the results for conservation measures. Based on the list of stands of the Kolbuszowa Forest District, we drew randomly 270 forest stands, taking into account their most important features: dominant species, forest habitat type, age and vertical structure. Bird counts were carried out in spring of 2014 and 2015. Each stand was inspected twice during each season: 1) between April and mid−May, and 2) between mid−May and the first decade of July. In total, 1080 observation (listening) sessions were conducted and each of the stands was inspected four times. As a result, 14 982 bird observations of 15 757 individuals belonging to 113 species were made. In case of 6720 observations, 7186 individuals belonging to 85 species were recorded in the studied stands. The point−stand bird census presented in the paper, which is a forest−range census type, is adequate for use in large−scale forest units. It allows to determine fauna indices that characterise the forest range, together with the most important features of stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 03; 237-245
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność wybranych cech makrostruktury i gęstości drewna świerkowego pochodzącego z drzewostanów gospodarczych i terenów pogórniczych
Variability of selected features of macrostructure and density of spruce wood from commercial stands and post-mining areas
Autorzy:
Michalec, K.
Wąsik, R.
Pająk, M.
Sikora, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/974056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
tereny zdegradowane
drzewostany gospodarcze
makrostruktura
sloje przyrostu rocznego
leśnictwo
tereny pogórnicze
drzewostany świerkowe
drewno świerkowe
szerokość
drewno późne
gęstość drewna
tree−rings width
latewood share
post−mining areas
reclamation
Opis:
The aim of this work was to analyze the tree−ring width, the share of the latewood as well as the density of wood of trees growing in commercial and degraded stands. The research was carried out in the Brynek Forest District (southern Poland) in 3 commercial stands and in 4 degraded stands. For every study plot fifteen spruces were chosen and increment cores were sampled using the Pressler borer. Next, the surface of the cores was smoothed and the width of the annual rings was measured. Latewood zones were determined and the share of latewood was calculated. It was found that the average and minimum tree−ring width was the same in both commercial and degraded stands, while the maximum values were slightly and insignificantly different. In turn, the average share of latewood was higher in trees from commercial stands, but higher minimum and maximum values were recorded in stands on degraded sites. In this case, the differences turned to be statistically significant. The average density of wood was slightly lower in trees from degraded stands compared to wood from commercial stands (413 vs 418 kg/m3). Theminimum and maximum values were also higher in trees from commercial stands. However, this feature did not show a significant difference between analysed groups of stands. We found that despite such significant differences in the terrain formed during the production of zinc and lead ores, the wood of trees growing in these areas hardly shows any differences (except for the share of latewood) in comparison to wood from commercial stands.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2020, 164, 01; 10-15
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ceny sprzedaży drewna w użytkowaniu przedrębnym w drzewostanach sosnowych w zależności od ich wieku
Prices of timber sales in the intermediate harvest in Scots pine stands depending on their age
Autorzy:
Mandziuk, A.
Parzych, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979471.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
Panstwowe Gospodarstwo Lesne Lasy Panstwowe
drzewostany sosnowe
wiek drzewostanu
uzytkowanie przedrebne
surowce drzewne
drewno
sortymenty drewna
ceny sprzedazy
site class index
timber price
assortments
intermediate harvest
Opis:
The research concerned the implementation of tasks in the field of harvesting timber in 2008−2012 in pure pine stands aged 10−140. Numerical data from the SILP database were used for calculating the average price of timber in the intermediate harvest. The data on the volume harvested covered late cleaning, early thinning and late thinning. The assortment structure concerned the following groups of large− (WA0, WA1, WB0, WB1, WC0, WC1 and WD), medium− (S10, S11, S2A, S2B, S3A, S3B and S4) as well as small−sized (M1 and M2) assortment groups. The data on the size and value of wood assortments sold across the country concerned the year 2011 and were used to calculate the average price of wood in age subclasses according to the site quality described with site index class. Subsequently, for each site quality class polynomial equations of the trend line was determined and average timber price for each age subclass was calculated for small−, medium− and large−sized assortments. The analysis showed that S2 is the most frequently harvested assortment in the intermediate cuts in Scots pine stands, whose share depending on the site quality class is at the level of 65.7−72.7% of total harvest. The share of small−sized assortments decreases with age in all site quality classes. The opposite tendency is seen for large−sized assortments, whose share decreases with the deterioration of the site quality. Fraction of medium−sized assortments reaches its peak at the age of ca 45 in IA site index class and the shift in the peak with age is associated with the deterioration of the site quality. The higher the site quality, the higher the prices of assortments in the intermediate harvest. This trend occurs in all age subclasses.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 11; 883-891
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ekonomiczna efektywność naturalnego i sztucznego odnowienia drzewostanów sosnowych w Nadleśnictwie Nowa Dęba
Economic effectiveness of natural and artificial regeneration of Scots pine stands in the Nowa Deba Forest District
Autorzy:
Długosiewicz, J.
Zając, S.
Wysocka-Fijorek, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985715.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
gospodarka lesna
drzewostany sosnowe
odnowienia lasu
odnowienia naturalne
odnowienia sztuczne
efektywnosc ekonomiczna
ocena ekonomiczna
Nadlesnictwo Nowa Deba
scots pine
natural regeneration
artificial regeneration
costs
effectiveness assessment
Opis:
A prerequisite for effective forest management is a detailed economic analysis of given management determinants. In the forest district’s expenditures, next to the wood harvesting and skidding, the cost of silvicultural activities constitute a considerable share. The choice of forest management methods, including those for forest regeneration has a significant effect on the costs incurred for silvicultural activities as well as on the quality of emerging new generation. The aim of the study was to assess the economic effectiveness of Scots pine stand management using natural and artificial regeneration. The research determined the size and structure of expenditures incurred for the establishment and maintenance of crops. We also carried out the analysis and assessment of the effects of the selected regeneration method on forest management economic efficiency. The economic analysis included the comparison of the costs of establishment and maintenance of stands with artificially regenerated Scots pine trees with the costs of analogous activities carried out within the research plots with Scots pine from self−seeding. The studies were carried out on 4 types of forest sites, i.e.: fresh coniferous, fresh mixed coniferous, wet mixed coniferous and fresh mixed deciduous. The analyses were carried out using the cash flow method – the stream of expenditure incurred for stand management. The total costs of artificial stand regeneration and maintenance were on average higher by 1,443.24 PLN/ha of plantation as compared to naturally regenerated stands. Lower costs of tending and corrections performed in artificially regenerated Scots pine stands did not compensate for high expenditure incurred on regeneration activities, and as a result the total cost amounted to an average of 5,002.94 PLN/ha, whereas in the case of natural regeneration the total cost was 3,559.70 PLN/ha. In the analysed methods, the site conditions were of great importance to the amount of expenditures incurred for stand regeneration and maintenance. The economic viability of forest natural regeneration was confirmed for fresh coniferous, fresh mixed coniferous and wet mixed coniferous habitat types. In fresh mixed deciduous site, high costs of tending treatments and corrections had a major effect on the low economic result of the natural method of forest regeneration. The presented results on the effectiveness of management of Scots pine stands or those with the predominance of Scots pine using natural and artificial regeneration can be an important factor in taking appropriate silvicultural decisions, based on the assessment and knowledge of determinants affecting profitability of undertakings.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 05; 373-384
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Klimatyczny bilans wodny na obszarze Parku Krajobrazowego Góry Opawskie
Climatic water balance in the Gory Opawskie Landscape Park
Autorzy:
Durło, G.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/979524.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
Sudety Wschodnie
parki krajobrazowe
Park Krajobrazowy Gory Opawskie
drzewostany swierkowe
klimatyczny bilans wodny
lata 1981-2018
climatic water balance
spruce stands
opawskie mountains
Opis:
This paper presents the analysis of the climatic water balance (KBW) in Góry Opawskie Landscpe Park, situated in the southern part of Poland. The research concerned Norway spruce forest stability disturbances against the rainfall conditions in the lower montane zone of the Jesioniki Massif. The data comes from weather measurements in years 1981−2018, which were collected at the three IMGW−PIB and one ČHMÚ meteorological stations. Detailed analysis concerned vegetation season from April to October. Multiannual average value of KBW index in whole vegetation period totalled to +220.5 mm (±175 mm). The lowest values were recorded in April (+20.3 mm on average), while the highest ones in July (+41.0 mm). The average ratio of the number of months with a positive climatic water balance to months with a negative balance equaled to 3.7. The probability of a month with a negative value of the climatic water balance is 20%. In the investigated period, months with negative values of climatic water balances occurred in almost 21% of the cases. In the analysed vegetation period the climatic water balance reached values below zero in years 1992, 1993, 2003, 2004 and 2015, which turned to be the lowest result (–129.7 mm, i.e. 159% below the climatic norm). Due to the high variability (σ2=2794.7 mm) of the climatic water balance and long−term periods with precipitation deficits in recent years, the phytoclimatic conditions do not promote the development of spruce forest vegetation in this area.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 10; 802-810
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelowanie cech drzew i drzewostanów z wykorzystaniem modeli efektów mieszanych
Modeling of the tree and stand parameters using mixed-effects models
Autorzy:
Bronisz, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980258.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany
drzewa lesne
grubosc kory
cechy dendrometryczne
modelowanie
modele liniowe
modele efektow mieszanych
bark thickness
scots pine
regression
linear mixed−effects models
Opis:
Regression analysis is one of the most popular statistical modeling tools, which can define linear or nonlinear relationships between individual trees and stands parameters. Mixed−effects models are one of the contemporary trends of those regression methods. These models can be applied to describe such features as: height, biomass, taper, site index or volume both at the level of a single tree and whole forest ecosystems. The aim of this work is to present the characteristics of the mixed−effects model, the applicability of linear and nonlinear mixed−effects models in forest studies, and the example of a linear mixed−effects model defining the relationship between bark thickness and diameter at breast height for Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in comparison to the linear fixed−effect model. Goodness−of−fit for the obtained linear mixed−effect model indicate its better fit to the pine bark thickness than in the case of the mixed−effects model. Moreover, most of the published research results indicate the predominance of both linear and nonlinear mixed−effects models according to fixed−effect ones. These studies indicate the wide possibilities of using mixed−effect models in forestry. However, there are also results pointing to the disadvantages of these models and put into question the legitimacy of their use in forest research. This fact to some extent confirms the results (residuals behavior) obtained in this study. Therefore, it seems necessary to conduct further research, which on the one hand will allow the potential of this solution to be used, and on the other hand will help to clarify emerging doubts.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2019, 163, 07; 564-575
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 919

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