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Wyszukujesz frazę "division" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Teoretyczne podstawy dzielenia z resztą liczb naturalnych wraz z uwagami o dzieleniu z resztą liczb całkowitych, wymiernych i rzeczywistych
Autorzy:
Chronowski, Antoni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1791042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-05
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
division with remainder
division
Opis:
In this article, I analyze the theoretical foundations of the division with remainder in the arithmetic of natural numbers. As a result of this analysis I justify that the notation a:b=c r s, where a, b, c, s are natural numbers and r denotes, is correct at school mathematics level and does not lead to a contrediction suggested by the author of the article (Semadeni, 1978). As a generalization of the division with remainder of natural numbers, I consider the division with remainder of integers, rational and real numbers.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia; 2019, 11; 63-72
2080-9751
2450-341X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia ad Didacticam Mathematicae Pertinentia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
PRAWNO-EKONOMICZNE ASPEKTY PODZIAŁU NIERUCHOMOŚCI
LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF REAL ESTATE PROPERTY
Autorzy:
Jędrak, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/508700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
Real estate
classification division
division of land and mortgage
register
legal division
Opis:
This study discusses the main issues regarding division of real estate based primarily on the Act of 21 August 1997 on real estate management. Basic definitions related to the division of real estate and the problems of their precision have been presented. In the scientific work have been listed and described the types of divisions, specific cases of their occurrence and rules of conduct independently of the local spatial development plan in the area of real estate, the division of which is to be made. In addition, the economic consequences of divisions of real estate in the form of the need to pay betterment levy or pay compensation for expropriated property were also included.
Źródło:
Security, Economy & Law; 2018, 1/2018 (XVIII)
2353-0669
Pojawia się w:
Security, Economy & Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podziały przestrzenne (terytorialne) w relacjach bezpieczeństwa i obronności państwa
Spatial (territorial) divisions in the relations of state security and defense
Autorzy:
Łaszczuk, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2056491.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Obronnej
Tematy:
podział przestrzenny
podział terytorialny
podział terytorialny specjalny
podział wojskowo-geograficzny
podział operacyjny
studia operacyjne
spatial division
territorial division
territorial special division
military-geographical division
operational division
operational studies
Opis:
W artykule podjęto próbę przedstawienia problematyki związanej ze stosowanymi podziałami przestrzennymi (terytorialnymi) Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej, w szczególności akcentując podziały specjalne, wojskowogeograficzne i operacyjne. Celem zasadniczym było zidentyfikowanie tych podziałów i ich złożonej różnorodności w kontekście potencjalnego ich wpływu na aspekt praktyczny funkcjonowania sfery bezpieczeństwa (obronności). Specyficzną rolę w tych relacjach odgrywają podziały wojskowo-geograficzne i operacyjne. Dlatego też zostały poddane analizie w kontekście ich zastosowania i percepcji. Uporządkowanie tak nakreślonego obszaru badawczego możliwe jest poprzez udzielenie odpowiedzi na główny problem badawczy wyrażony w postaci pytania – jakie znaczenie mają podziały przestrzenne (terytorialne) w działalności instytucji systemu bezpieczeństwa państwa? Dekompozycja tego problemu umożliwiła wygenerowanie pomocniczych problemów składowych: Jakie podziały przestrzenne są stosowane w Polsce? Jakie podziały przestrzenne są stosowane w siłach zbrojnych Polski? Jaki jest wpływ podziałów przestrzennych na działania systemu bezpieczeństwa (obronności)? W wyniku przeprowadzonych analiz określono szereg relacji oddziaływania stosowanych podziałów przestrzennych oraz zaproponowano kierunki rozwiązania zidentyfikowanych wad dotyczących ich efektywnego wykorzystania.
The article attempts to present the issues related to the spatial (territorial) divisions of the Republic of Poland, in particular by emphasizing special, military-geographical and operational divisions. The main goal was to identify these divisions and their complex diversity in the context of their potential impact on the practical aspect of the functioning of the security (defense) sphere. Military-geographical and operational divisions play a specific role in these relations. Therefore, they have been analyzed in terms of their application and perception. Organizing the research area outlined in this way is possible by answering the main research problem expressed in the form of a question - what is the significance of spatial (territorial) divisions in the activities of the state security system institutions? The decomposition of this problem made it possible to generate auxiliary component problems: What spatial divisions are used in Poland? What spatial divisions are used in the Polish Armed Forces? What is the impact of spatial divisions on the operation of the security (defense) system? As a result of the conducted analyzes, a number of relations of the impact of the spatial divisions used were determined and the directions of solving the identified defects concerning their effective use were proposed.
Źródło:
Wiedza Obronna; 2021, 3; 168--180
0209-0031
2658-0829
Pojawia się w:
Wiedza Obronna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Political Parties and Their Role in Determining a Territorial Division of Poland
Autorzy:
Słobodzian, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/514681.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Śląski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych
Tematy:
territorial division
territorial structure
conception of division
political programs
Opis:
A territorial division of a country constitutes the basis of a current organization of the communal life; hence its stability is a fundamental condition of an effective administration in a local, regional as well as statewide scale. Therefore, political parties that are involved in drafting the law as well as are entitled to accept or reject acts shall perform for the benefit of general public, but for particular reasons.
Źródło:
Political Preferences; 2015, 11; 35-49
2449-9064
Pojawia się w:
Political Preferences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pipelined division of signed numbers with the use of residue arithmetic in FPGA
Autorzy:
Czyżak, M.
Smyk, R.
Ulman, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
residue number system
division
multiplicative division algorithm
scaling
FPGA
Opis:
An architecture of a pipelined signed residue divider for small number ranges is presented. The divider makes use of the multiplicative division algorithm where initially the reciprocal of the divisor is calculated and subsequently multiplied by the dividend. The divisor represented in the signed binary form is used to compute the approximated reciprocal in the residue form by the table look-up. In order to reduce the needed length of the look-up table address, a reciprocal computation algorithm based on segmentation of the divisor into two segments is used. The signed approximate reciprocal, transformed to the residue representation, is stored in look-up tables division and multiplied by the dividend in the residue form. The obtained quotient is scaled. The pipelined realization of the divider in the FPGA environment is also shown.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2013, 11; 455-464
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Political and administrative divisions of Ukrainian lands on the 16th century maps
Autorzy:
Sossa, Rostyslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
old map
XXVI century
Ukrainian land
political division
administrative division
Opis:
The author discusses the first maps of Ukrainian lands within the borders of various countries, reflecting their political and administrative division, which were published in the 16th century. State and administration borders in Ukrainian territories were presented on the map of Southern Sarmatia (1526) by the Polish cartographer B. Wapowski and on the wall map of Europe (1554) by the Dutch cartographer G. Mercator. Maps by S. Münster and G. Gastaldi, including names of individual administrative units without reflecting state and administrative borders, were taken into account. A thorough analysis was carried out of the territorial division of Ukrainian territories on maps in the atlases by A. Ortelius (maps of Poland by W. Grodecki and A. Pograbka), on the maps of Lithuania and Taurica Chersonesus in the atlases by G. Mercator, including their subsequent adaptations. A number of inaccuracies regarding the location of state and administrative borders as well as names of administrative units have been revealed. Particular attention has been paid to the manner of presenting administrative borders. It was established that in those times no special attention was paid to the presentation of political and administrative divisions on maps. During subsequent editions of maps, no national and administrative borders were updated. Maps could be published without changes for decades. Map publishers often borrowed unverified information, which led to duplication of errors.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2019, 51, 1; 29-37
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The local threats specification in the context of environment factors having an influence on a rescue worker during rescue actions
Autorzy:
Giełżecki, Jan
Wolański, Robert Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
separate ownership
premises
property
division
Opis:
The main task of a professional firefighter's relief activities is interference with all sorts of events requiring intervention: fires, construction and chemical disasters, accidents and other situations which carry a risk for the health and life of humans. The basic duties of a firefighter are organizing, directing and conducting direct rescue efforts in order to protect the life, health and property, as well as liquidation the source of fire, natural disaster or other local danger (technical, chemical and environmental disaster, road traffic accidents, airline, etc.). In the course of professional activities firefighters are exposed to all the possible risk factors from the environment resulting from the real potential occurrence of the event requiring rescue interventions (industry, infrastructure, traffic, transport). Moreover, they often do not realize the actual risk they are exposed to especially in situations that do not require putting out fire (traffic accidents, natural and industrial disasters). These emergency situations are not easy to predict or control, what means that firefighters put their lives on the line every time they attempt to do so. As a result they work under extremely stressful situations, day and night, including the responsibility for remaining calm and carrying out all duties with the recognition of the threat to life and property. The special characteristics of service, including work shift system, continuous risk of danger and dealing with a lot of personal loss can make it an emotionally difficult job and may become a potential root of stress and personal problems. However, for some people this kind of work can be very rewarding, others may have a hard time dealing with the physical and emotional challenges that the occupation brings. That’s why it is very important to examine and limit the influence of the hazardous environment factors on firefighters work.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2014, 11(11); 43-51
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Slavic activists and socio-political situation in Bosnia at the turn of the 19th century. The Foundations of the contemporary ethnic divisions
Autorzy:
Paszkiewicz, Jędrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/910242.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-13
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Bosnia, Austro-Hungary, ethnic division
Opis:
The aim of the article is to show the forms and content of public and political activity of the Slavic elites in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the time of Habsburg rule (1878–1914). The research into the press releases and academic publications allows to show the most prominent circles and individuals who aspired to be the representatives of the people, defined in accordance with ethnic and religious divisions. These groups are characterised via an analysis of the correlation between the socio-political circumstances in Bosnia and the external influences (such as ideologies, personal and organisation relations, the impact of the state authorities). The political stances among the most prominent circles are portrayed in the context of the legal and institutional solutions regarding Bosnia, as well as the ethnic and religious policy of the Habsburg administration.
Źródło:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia; 2020, 27, 1; 123-136
0239-4278
2450-3177
Pojawia się w:
Balcanica Posnaniensia Acta et studia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
AFERA TAŚMOWA Z 2014 ROKU JAKO PRZYKŁAD POLITYCZNEGO PODZIAŁU W MEDIACH – STUDIUM PRZYPADKU
THE TAPE SCANDAL IN 2014 AS AN EXAMPLE OF POLITICAL DIVISION IN THE MEDIA – A CASE STUDY
Autorzy:
Popielec, Dominika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/513467.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
scandal
media
division
politics
crisis
Opis:
The aim of the article was to present the attitude of the media in Poland towards the outbreak of one of the most notorious political scandals of recent years. The subject matter of the analysis was the following: politicians' positions against the disclosed „Tape Scandal” presented via the media; the attitude of the Polish media towards this political scandal and the „heroes” of this affair; evaluation of the weekly Wprost's activity. The following research methods were used in the study: analysis of the content of selected media reports focusing on „Tape Scandal”, comparative method and case study. As a result of the analysis of the content of the weekly press, it was verified that the „Tape Scandal” of 2014 caused a political division in the media.
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2017, 15, 4; 71-81 (11)
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multidimensional Data Classification - Comparison of Isodata and Approximation by Points Methods
Klasyfikacja wielowymiarowych danych - porównanie metody 1 SOD АТА i metody aproksymacji punktami
Autorzy:
Maciuk, Arkadiusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
classification
division method
multivalent data
Opis:
Efekt podziału zależy nie tylko od ustalenia kryteriów podziału, ale także od wyboru metody dzielenia. Standardowy algorytm klasyfikacji wielowymiarowych danych ISODATA dzieli wyjściowy zbiór na ustaloną liczbę rozłącznych podzbiorów tak, aby podział ten jak najkorzystniej spełniał przyjęte kryteria. Alternatywą wobec niego jest algorytm oparty na metodzie aproksymacji ustaloną liczbą punktów, którego efektem jest wskazanie obszarów zbioru o dużym stopniu zagęszczenia elementów. Artykuł zawiera porównanie efektów użycia tych metod ze wskazaniem zalet i wad. Omawia też pewne własności klasyfikacji wynikające z konsekwencji wyboru jednej z dwóch omawianych metod.
The effect of division is dependent not only on the criteria of division but also on the chosen method. The standard algorithm of multidimensional data classification ISODATA divides the given set into an assumed number of separable subsets in such a way that the division fulfills best the accepted criteria. An alternative method is approximation by the chosen number of points which in result indicates the areas of a set with large congestion o f the elements. The paper compares effects of using both methods listing their advantages and drawbacks. Apart from presenting the results of division of various sets some characteristics of classification are discussed which are an effect of the choice of one of the above mentioned methods.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2009, 228
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibility of establishing a separate property of premises as one of the legal warranty of social security
Autorzy:
Ledwoń, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1878628.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
separate ownership
premises
property
division
Opis:
The author focuses on the analysis of the separate property of premises as one of the legal warranty of social security in the legal and economic context as well as on the methods of the abolition of the co-ownership of the real estate by establishing separate property of premises. The author describes the most common ways to obtain the ownership of the premises after one has only an abstract share in the property and also points out how the right of ownership is different than the division quoad usum.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2014, 11(11); 100-105
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relay-assisted WDM-FSO System: A Better Solution for Communication under Rain and Haze Weather Conditions
Autorzy:
Dayal, N.
Singh, P.
Kaur, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/958123.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Free Space Optics
Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Opis:
Among various conventional wireless communication systems, Free Space Optics (FSO) may be distinguished as well, which provides a good level security, high data rates, an enormous bandwidth and negligible susceptibility to electromagnetic interference. The main problem arises with unfavorable weather conditions, which affect the system’s parameters and require an aversion to other paths. The weather conditions discussed are rain and haze. Elimination of their adverse effects is essential for establishing a better communication system. The routing path is a major issue, as its decreased parameters lead to the diversion of the transmitted signal or to its total loss. In this article, increased system path length and proficiency levels are demonstrated by using relays, which are assisted by Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM).
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2017, 4; 54-59
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podział gospodarstwa rolnego - de lege lata i de lege ferenda
Farm division - de lege lata and de lege ferenda
Autorzy:
Mikołajczyk, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531114.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Temida 2
Tematy:
farm
agricultural estate
division of farm
Opis:
Agricultural law making, including the regulations of farm sales and agricultural estate sales, is a special subject in the development of new civil law codifications. The attention was concentrated on answering the question, if the definition or precise formulation of the premise conditioning the division of a farm is needed or, just the opposite; the premise should be replaced by a more open formula? The rationality of the farm division must be considered by referring to many criteria, those reflecting the current European law. The criteria should be determined by problems resulting from the profitability of agriculture, requirements of natural environment, protection of unique values of country landscape, balanced and multifunctional development of rural areas, social or educational policy. Therefore, the criteria accepting the natural farm division, in line with a modern agricultural concept tending to a development policy of rural areas, should account for the ecological, cultural, social or psychological aspect of the operation of farms, in addition to the financial, production and family aspects. The assumption of the need for functional harmonization and correlation can be effected by the law maker by the use of a general ”economically vital farm” phrase, to be made more precise in concrete circumstances, in regard to the production, financial, ecological and social properties of the division object.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Agraria; 2012, 10; 123-141
1642-0438
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Agraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podział Puszczy Białowieskiej i problemy jej ochrony jako wspólnego dziedzictwa Polski i Białorusi
The division of the Białowieża Forest and problems of its protection as a common heritage of Poland and Belarus
Autorzy:
Paszko, Paulina
Sialverstava, Sviatlana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/31342646.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
protection
division
the Białowieża Primeval Forest
Opis:
The Białowieża Primeval Forest is a compact forest complex in Poland and Belarus, which divides the border of these countries. The last fragments of primeval forests in the European Lowlands have been preserved; the general area is about 145 thousand hectares. The Belarusian part is entirely a national park, while the Polish part has a different status. The Białowieża National Park covers about 10 thousand hectares. The remaining area is divided between three forest districts of the State Forests: Białowieża, Browsk, and Hajnówka. The richness of the fauna and flora of the Forest is a jewel in the crown of the nature of Poland. Its areas have been under protection at least from the beginning of the 15th century. The Białowieża National Park, which was created, was entered on the World Heritage List in 1979, while in 1992, this area was extended to the Belarusian part of the Forest. The protection and management of the Forest require close and practical cooperation not only between Poland and Belarus but also between institutions managing the area. The article presents the history of the eastern border formation after the end of World War II and the impact of these changes on the division of the Białowieża Forest. The Authors also discuss the forms of forest protection in Poland and Belarus, who administers the areas, and what problems occur on both sides of the Forest.
Źródło:
Lasy przyszłości. Wyzwania współczesnego leśnictwa; 113-118
9788367185462
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Re-Shared Urban Space: New Actors and Processes in South American Cities
Autorzy:
Czerny, Mirosława
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051445.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
cities
spatial division
Latin America
globalisation
Opis:
Following stormy debate regarding the role of globalisation and global space in development, geographical analyses are now tending to return to matters of place, and its role in people’s lives. Given that Latin America’s cities were founded by Europeans, one might expect them to be characterised by processes and phenomena similar to European experiences and general processes of globalisation today. In fact, however, specific socio-cultural features arising from both the colonial and pre-colonial past of this region, political factors (especially that reflecting the presence of powerful elites descended from the Spanish) and economic features (interest in the region’s resources being displayed by foreign investors) have all conspired to ensure that Latin America is characterised by a development trajectory distinct from those in other regions, as well as by contemporary structures in urbanised areas being shaped by diverse political and economic forces, mechanisms ever-present in the region’s culture and politic
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2018, 37, 2; 39-46
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The reform of administrative division in Ukraine: problems of territorial communities’ formation in the Polish-Ukrainian borderland
Autorzy:
Kuczabski, Aleksander
Zastavetska, Lesia
Zastavetskyy, Taras
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1201824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
Tematy:
administrative division
administrative reform
Ukrainian borderlands
Opis:
Issues of the administrative division in the broader context of political and administrative reforms connected with democratization and decentralization are considered. Some historical aspects of the administrative division modeling in Ukrainian borderlands are analyzed. Goals, mechanisms and the course of the current reform of administrative division at the local level in the Volyn and Lviv provinces are presented. The specifics of wealthy communities – new administrative units at the local level are outlined. Features of budget decentralization based on the example of comparing the structure of local government revenue are characterized. The problems and threats faced by the organizers at the present stage of reform are revealed, and some solutions to problematic situations in implementation of the new administrative division are proposed.
Źródło:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2017, 7, 2; 87-97
2084-0497
2451-2249
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of changes in administrative division on the economic position of the largest cities in Poland
Autorzy:
Wilk, Waldemar
Kwiatkowska, Joanna Maria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2029400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
administrative division
city
economical importance
services
Opis:
Among the functions fulfilled by cities in relation to their hinterland, an important function is that of public administration. Changes in administrative division, instituted in Poland in 1999, have either weakened or strengthened the economical role of many cities. A city's position within the hierarchy of the centers of public administration within a country has, in Poland's case, a significant effect upon the geographical movements of companies. An attempt was made to preliminarily gauge the effect of administrative changes upon the location of corporate offices. Changes in the distribution of companies providing the selected types of services in the 100 largest Polish cities were taken into account. The relationship between the change in the number of companies in each city and the potential social and economic role of the city in the general sense was examined.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2004, 11; 241-247
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of thermal comfort in a lecture hall with the application of instruments for computational fluid dynamics
Autorzy:
Skotnicka-Siepsiak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/950453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie
Tematy:
thermal comfort
air division
air conditioning
Opis:
The examinations presented in this article aim at illustrating some possibilities of applying instruments for computational fluid dynamics to assess thermal comfort on the example of a lecture hall in the building of the Institute of Building Engineering at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. The obtained results have been subjected to an analysis according to the guidelines provided in the PN-EN ISO 7730:2006 norm. For the air heating system used in the hall, the distributions of velocity, temperature, as well as the PMV and PDD indices have been subjected to an analysis, with a particular focus on the optimal temperature of the air inflow.
Źródło:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn; 2016, 19(1); 41-58
1505-4675
2083-4527
Pojawia się w:
Technical Sciences / University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problematyka przejęcia w trybie art. 98 ustawy o gospodarce nieruchomościami gruntu oddanego w użytkowanie wieczyste w kontekście zakazu wywłaszczania nieruchomości stanowiących własność Skarbu Państwa
Issues regarding the acquisition of land in perpetual usufruct pursuant to Art. 98 of the Real Estate Management Act in the context of the prohibition of the expropriation of real estate owned by the State Treasury
Autorzy:
Kruś, Maciej
Zańko, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142906.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
division decision
public roads
expropriation
communalisation
Opis:
The article offers a detailed interpretation of Art. 98 sec. 1 of the Act of August 21, 1997 on Real Estate Management (r.e.m.) in order to answer the question of what effect in terms of the ownership of the State Treasury is related to the final division decision issued in relation to plots of land designated for public-municipal roads at the request of the perpetual usufructuary of the property. The authors of the article support such an interpretation of Art. 98 sec. 1 r.e.m. that takes into account the broader legal context of this regulation and enables effective equipping of relevant entities – communes in this case – with real estate allowing for the construction of public-communal roads on them. This entails the necessity to transfer ex lege the ownership of the separated plot of land from the State Treasury to the appropriate commune as a result of an application submitted by the perpetual usufructuary. The authors’ conclusions are based on a linguistic, comparative, teleological and historical interpretation, taking into account the 2000 amendment to the provision. For comparison purposes, the content of Art. 105 paragraph. 4 of this Act is taken into account. The article also considers the relation of the institution discussed here to the regulations concerning expropriation. This applies to the prohibition of the expropriation of real estate owned by the State Treasury under Art. 113 sec. 2 r.e.m., in the narrow, formal meaning of this concept resulting from its definition in Art. 112 sec. 2 r.e.m. The discussion also includes expropriation in a broad, material sense resulting from Art. 21 sec. 2 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. In both cases, the analysis leads to the conclusion that depriving the State Treasury of its property for the benefit of the commune in the case in question does not constitute expropriation, but is an example of communalisation, which is an acceptable form of equipping the commune with public property.
Źródło:
Studia Prawa Publicznego; 2022, 2 (38); 59-83
2300-3936
Pojawia się w:
Studia Prawa Publicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Life Cycle, Morphology, Ontogenesis, and Phylogeny of Bromeliothrix metopoides nov. gen., nov. spec., a Peculiar Ciliate (Protista, Colpodea) from Tank Bromeliads (Bromeliaceae)
Autorzy:
Foissner, Wilhelm
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763790.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Central America, division chain, life cycle, macrostome formation, merotelokinetal stomatogenesis, polytomic division, protist endemism, South America
Opis:
Bromeliothrix metopoides was discovered in tank bromeliads from Central and South America. Pure cultures could be established in various media stimulating growth of its food, i.e. bacteria and heterotrophic flagellates of the genus Polytomella. The new ciliate was investigated in the light- and scanning electron microscope, with various silver impregnation techniques, and with molecular methods, using the small-subunit rDNA. The morphology and its changes during the life cycle are documented by 167 figures and a detailed morphometry. Bromeliothrix metopoides is about 27–55 × 22–36 μm in size and has a complex life cycle with Metopus-shaped, bacteriophagous theronts and trophonts (microstomes) and obovate, flagellate-feeding macrostomes having a large, triangular oral apparatus. The thin-walled resting cysts of the theronts and trophonts are uniquely ellipsoidal, while the thick-walled cyst of the macrostome morph is globular. Reproduction occurs in freely motile condition either by binary fission or polytomy, producing a unique, motile “division chain” composed of four globular offspring, of which the central ones are connected by a curious, plug-like holdfast. Division is associated with a complete reorganization of the parental oral and somatic infraciliature. Stomatogenesis is merotelokinetal as in other members of the order Colpodida. The right polykinetid is generated by the rightmost postoral kinety, while the left polykinetid is produced by the two left postoral kineties and five left side kineties. The division in freely motile condition resembles the Exocolpodidae Foissner et al., 2002, to which Bromeliothrix is tentatively assigned, differing from Exocolpoda mainly by the formation of a macrostome morph and a division chain. Bromeliothrix has a ciliary and silverline pattern typical for members of the family Colpodidae. This matches the molecular classification which, however, hardly reflects the outstanding division and life cycle, suggesting some decoupling of morphological and molecular evolution. The specific morphological and ontogenetic traits of Bromeliothrix are interpreted as adaptations to the highly competitive habitat, favouring r-selected life strategies. Bromeliothrix metopoides is widespread in various tank bromeliads and can be easily cultivated in a wide variety of limnetic and terrestrial media. Thus, it remains obscure why this ciliate is restricted to tank bromeliads, i.e. did not occur in about 2,000 soil and freshwater samples investigated globally, including some 100 samples from Central and South America.
Źródło:
Acta Protozoologica; 2010, 49, 3
1689-0027
Pojawia się w:
Acta Protozoologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finding out labor division in coastal fishery households of Nghi Son commune, Tĩnh Gia district, Thanh Hóa province
Rozpoznanie podziału pracy w rybackich gospodarstwach domowych w gminie Nghi Son, dystrykt Tĩnh Gia w prowincji Thanh Hóa
Autorzy:
Nguyen, Le Quoc
Duong, Nguyen Thi Thuy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/442348.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-06-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Wiedzy Powszechnej w Szczecinie
Tematy:
gender division
division of labor
households
case study
podział płci
podział pracy
gospodarstwa domowe
studium przypadku
Opis:
With the aim of focusing on clarifying gender division of labor in fisherfolk households in Tĩnh Gia district, Thanh Hóa province, the research uses qualitative research and quantitative research methods from data survey on the topic of “Labor division in coastal fishery households of Thanh Hóa province – case study in Nghi Son commune, Tĩnh Gia district, Thanh Hóa province” in 2016. From this the researchers study household economic development and activities to maintain relationships between family members with the community and society in the study area.
W celu skoncentrowania się na uściśleniu podziału pracy ze względu na płeć w gospodarstwach domowych rybaków w dystrykcie Tĩnh Gia, w prowincji Thanh Hóa, wykorzystane zostały wyniki badań jakościowych i ilościowych. Badania na temat „Podział pracy w gospodarstwach przybrzeżnych rybołówstwa w prowincji Thanh Hóa – studia przypadków w gminie Nghi Son, dystrykt Tĩnh Gia w prowincji Thanh Hóa” przeprowadzone zostały w 2016 roku. Naukowcy badają rozwój gospodarczy gospodarstw domowych i działania mające na celu utrzymanie relacji między członkami rodziny a społeczeństwem w zakresie objętym badaniami.
Źródło:
Edukacja Humanistyczna; 2017, 1; 153-160
1507-4943
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja Humanistyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of Methods in Studies of Cell Death Mechanisms
Autorzy:
Borkowska, A.
Nowakowski, M.
Miszczyk, J.
Lipiec, E.
Wiltowska-Zuber, J.
Rawojć, K.
Kwiatek, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030322.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-02
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Fizyki PAN
Tematy:
growth and division
cell processes
fluorescence
optimization
Opis:
While studying the influence of ionizing radiation or certain chemical agents on cells, it is crucial to not only determine cytotoxicity, but also to follow cell death mechanisms. There are different methods to screen processes of cell death and still very important question remains unanswered about differences in results that could be caused by various experimental steps in procedures. Based on literature review two protocols of cell death determination were compared. First protocol regarded collecting cells floating in medium before trypsinization and following centrifugation of them. In the second protocol floating cells were discarded and attached ones were stained and fixed. In all experiments three different untreated cell lines (A172, DU145 as cancer cell lines and in comparison, fibroblasts (FB CCL 110), as a non- cancerous cell line) were used to test applied protocols. Cells were cultured and death processes were examined at different time points up to 120 h. Compared protocols showed statistically significant differences, especially in terms of necrosis, which was higher when included floating cells from culture medium and then centrifuging them. Therefore, presented results show importance of choosing a valid experimental procedure in case of evaluating cells viability and types of cell death pathways quantitatively.
Źródło:
Acta Physica Polonica A; 2018, 133, 2; 263-266
0587-4246
1898-794X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Physica Polonica A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Unconventional Division by Zero
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1177806.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Unconventional division by zero
multispatial algebraic multiplication
Opis:
Unconventional division by zero can apply to those cases in which some directly incomparable (i.e. unlike or represented in different algebraic bases) abstract objects taken from two distinct algebraic spaces are acted upon or need to be compared. Multispatial reality paradigm is thus necessary for overcoming conceptual inconsistencies arising in the domain of complex numbers when certain valid abstract reasonings from the hypercomplex domains of quaternions and octonions are carried over back to the 2D complex domain.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 99; 133-147
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola decyzji o warunkach zabudowy i zagospodarowania terenu w procesie podziału nieruchomości
Decision on ground development conditions in the process of real estate division
Autorzy:
Kwartnik-Pruc, A.
Ruchlewicz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/262387.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
podział nieruchomości
division of a real estate
Opis:
Realizacja w przeszłości przepisów z zakresu podziałów nieruchomości była utrudniona z powodu braku miejscowego planu zagospodarowania. Dlatego ustawodawca, tworząc przepisy aktualnie obowiązującej ustawy o gospodarce nieruchomościami, szczegółowo uregulował to zagadnienie. Decyzja o warunkach zabudowy i zagospodarowania terenu, wydawana na mocy przepisów o planowaniu przestrzennym, została włączona do postępowania o podział nieruchomości. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia rolę, jaką spełniała ta decyzja w procesie podziału nieruchomości do dnia 22 września 2004 r., w którym nastąpiła nowelizacja przepisów ustawy o gospodarce nieruchomościami. Omówiono również zmiany w trybie postępowania o podział nieruchomości, z uwzględnieniem ograniczeń wynikających z zawężenia możliwości włączenia do niego decyzji o warunkach zabudowy i zagospodarowania terenu.
The regulations of division of real estate used to encounter difficulties in the past when there was lack of a development project. That is why, the regulations of act of husband of real estate regulate this problem in detail. The decision on ground development conditions was included in the process of division of real estate as a substitute of the development project. This document presents the role of this decision in the process of devision of real estate until 22 September 2004 when the regulations were amended, and changes applied in the process, taking into consideration the obstacles arising from limited possibilities to include the decision on ground development conditions in this process.
Źródło:
Geodezja / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie; 2006, 12, 2; 175-180
1234-6608
Pojawia się w:
Geodezja / Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE CONCEPT OF ‘THINGS’AND THEIR DEFINITION IN THE NEW CZECH CIVIL CODE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ROMAN LAW
Autorzy:
Skřejpek, Michal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/664007.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
New Czech Civil Code
division of things.
Opis:
KONCEPCJA RZECZY I ICH DEFINICJA W NOWYM CZESKIM KODEKSIE CYWILNYM Z PERSPEKTYWY PRAWA RZYMSKIEGOStreszczenieW artykule podjęto próbę analizy regulacji nowego czeskiego Kodeksu Cywilnego, dotyczących zagadnienia podziałów rzeczy, w odniesieniu do ogólnej deklaracji ustawodawcy, który uznał, że „europejska kultura prawna jest oparta na prawie rzymskim, a jego instytucje, szczególnie w dziedzinie prawa rzeczowego mają decydujący wpływ na współczesne kodeksy cywilne”. Wiele przepisów odpowiada dokładnie rzymskim wzorcom, są jednak i takie, które – mimo pozornych zbieżności – odchodzą od prawa rzymskiego w istotnych szczegółach, pomijając jakąś przesłankę (np. przesłanka res habilis przy zasiedzeniu), co może prowadzić do trudności w ich zastosowaniu. 
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze; 2014, 14, 1
2353-8139
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sprawiedliwość podziału degresywnie proporcjonalnego
Autorzy:
Łyko, Janusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/434716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
degressive proportionality
fair division
European Parliament
elections
Opis:
The principle of degressively proportional distribution of seats in the European Parliament has been legally sanctioned under the terms of the Lisbon Treaty. Thus there appeared a solution which defied the perception of justice of distribution according to culturally shaped proportional allocation rules. Previous methods of determining the composition of collegiate bodies generally used the rule of proportional to the population of each constituency, composition of the legal body representing the society. On this basis, there are many socially accepted methods which have been tried and tested. In the field of electoral law regulations the rule of degressive proportionality is a new solution, and as such it still lacks tradition and already shaped approval that may justify its use. This article aims to find justification for this solution as opposed to the socially accep- table methods of distribution of goods and debts. In order to arrive at this argument the article reaches back to Aristotle’s philosophical concept, as well as solutions taken from the Talmud. It turns out that the degressive proportionality falls within the accepted concepts of equitable distribution. It offers an intermediate solution between equal and proportional allocation. There are also legitimate reasons for the use of degressively proportional rule in the process of allocating seats in the European Parliament. The problem is only the lack of unambiguity of the rule and the lack of precise reasoning to determine the boundary conditions at the level set in the Lisbon Treaty. This creates a very high degree of freedom of interpretation, leaving room for political negotiations on the acceptance of specific proposals. This situation has led to the point that, since the legal acceptance of the principle of degressive proportionality, the rule has not been applied in practice. Proposals for the composition of the European Parliament presented at the beginning of 2013 for the term 2014-2019 indicate that over the next five years exceptions to this rule will be approved. The second part of the paper presents proposals on solving the problem that can be found in the literature, as well as two other directions for seeking fair allocation. They cannot be deprived of discretion, as, of course, it is not possible to obtain conclusive decisions without the introduction of additional postulates. These postulates aim at clarifying the determination of the boundary conditions in such a way as to reduce the number of possible solutions or introduce an additional rule that will allow for an unambiguous (for a given population) specification of composition of the European Parliament. This is possible thanks to, inter alia, the ability to generate all feasible solutions. In this situation the solution of the problem is to select one out of a finite number of known divisions according to an established criterion. This frees the process of selecting the composition of the European Parliament from political considerations, and moves the weight of the debate to the ground of determining the said additional criterion. The current problem concerning the distribution of seats in the European Parliament is of course more general. The conditions that caused sanctioning of such a solution are of economic and social origin. It is expected that in the future the number of problems associated with allocation of goods, that are solved in this way, will be greater than they are currently. Undoubtedly, inequalities in various aspects of social existence favor the issue.
Źródło:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu; 2013, 2 (23); 180-189
2080-5977
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors of divergence between peripheral and central subregions: the case of Mazovia province, Poland
Autorzy:
Zaborowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1050986.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-21
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
disparities
administrative division
regional development
peripheries
Polska
Opis:
The focus of this article is the study of centre–periphery intraregional development disparities using Poland’s largest and most diversified Mazovia Province (Mazowieckie Voivodeship) as an example. The economic downfall of the Radom subregion, in comparison with the booming Warsaw agglomeration, clearly illustrates the polarisation of this province. A research question was if the location of the Radom subregion in Mazovia Province is a significant factor of its relative regression. In order to answer this question, selected development indicators of Mazovian subregions have been compared with their counterparts from surrounding provinces. Research results have shown that a subregion’s location in a big and diversified province is a significant factor of intraregional centre-periphery development discrepancies.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2020, 39, 4; 39-51
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Historical Determinants of Regional Divisions of Georgia and their Implications for Territorial Governance
Autorzy:
Mądry, Cezary
Kaczmarek-Khubnaia, Julia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1052748.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
regional division
historical regions
Georgia
territorial governance
Opis:
Georgia can be characterised by its turbulent history, centuries-old traditions, and a great ethnic diversity. This makes it necessary to include historical determinants, in addition to geopolitical and economic factors, when making a regional analysis of its territory and contemporary governance issues. Five stages of the development of the present territorial division of Georgia are distinguished. They have been identified by means of an analysis of key events (critical junctures) of significance in the formation of its historical regions. Additionally, their influence at each of the three levels of the current territorial division of independent Georgia is discussed, in particular in the context of territorial governance.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2016, 35, 2; 131-139
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sur le théorème de division de Weierstrass
Autorzy:
Chaumat, Jacques
Chollet, Anne-Marie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1288873.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
division
Weierstrass
Whitney jets
non-quasi-analytic
Opis:
We prove a Weierstrass division formula for $C^∞$ Whitney jets ∂̅-flat on arbitrary compact subsets of the complex plane. We also give results for Carleman classes.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1995, 116, 1; 59-84
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polska reforma terytorialnego samorządu. Osobisty ślad odciśnięty na niej przez jej trzech współautorów
Expert and bureaucratic power in shaping Polish self-government system. The case of three co-authors
Autorzy:
Habuda, Ludwik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953215.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
decentralization
expert power
self-government
territorial division
Opis:
Michał Kulesza, Jerzy Regulski, and Jerzy Stępień are three co-authors of polish self-government reform (1990 – 1998). The author of the article searches their roles as experts as well as politicians in shaping self-government system. Final conclusion is as follows: although they were “scientific owners” of the problem, their important part in resolving it was more political (bureaucratic) than professional. The matter of their professional role was generally out of question. Practically, the most difficult task was not the shape of future self-government system but the implementation of it. Key in resolving this problem was the political position of aforementioned co-authors, their participation in bureaucratic power, and openness for lobbying. It is a meaningful lesson for the future reformers, each and every one of them.
Źródło:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne; 2015, 47; 133-146
1505-2192
Pojawia się w:
Athenaeum. Polskie Studia Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Implementation of Multiple Access Techniques Applicable for Maritime Satellite Communications
Autorzy:
Ilcev, S. D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/116635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS)
Maritime Mobile Satellite Communications (MMSC)
Multiple Access (MA)
Multiple Access Techniques
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA)
Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA)
Random (Packet) Division Multiple Access (RDMA)
Opis:
In this paper are introduced fundamentals, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of Multiple Access (MA) employed as transmission techniques in the Maritime Mobile Satellite Communications (MMSC) between ships and Coast Earth Station (CES) via Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) or Not-GEO satellite constellations. In fixed satellite communication, as a rule, especially in MMSC many users are active at the same time. The problem of simultaneous communications between many single or multipoint mobile satellite users can be solved by using MA technique, such as Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) and Random (Packet) Division Multiple Access (RDMA). Since the resources of the systems such as the transmitting power and the bandwidth are limited, it is advisable to use the channels with complete charge and to create a different MA to the channel. This generates a problem of summation and separation of signals in the transmission and reception parts, respectively. Deciding this problem consists in the development of orthogonal channels of transmission in order to divide signals from various users unambiguously on the reception part.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2013, 7, 4; 529-540
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cartographic modelling of administrative divisions in the “Historical Atlas of Poland”
Autorzy:
Paneczki, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92490.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Oddział Kartograficzny Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Tematy:
historical cartography
historical atlas
historical geography
administrative division
Opis:
The author’s aim is to reflect on the cartographic modelling of historical borders based on the example of the series “Historical Atlas of Poland. Detailed maps of the 16th century” (HAP). HAP presents secular (state, palatinate, district) and religious borders (dioceses, archdeaconry, deanery, parish). The belonging of historic settlements to administrative units is determined on the basis of written sources. During work on the current volumes of HAP, the borders were reconstructed through their manual interpolation (the so-called linear model). Digital tools enable the automatic generation of administrative units based on settlements in point geometry (Thiessen polygons) or the use of modern divisions (precincts [obręby ewidencyjne]) as a reference to them (semi-automatic method). The article compares and assesses the three mentioned methods of determining historical borders and the possibilities of harmonizing them in relation to contemporary administrative divisions. The source material consisted of 18,357 settlements from the volumes of HAP published so far and 235 parishes for detailed analyses. Precincts were adopted as reference areas due to the possibilities of data harmonization.
Źródło:
Polish Cartographical Review; 2020, 52, 1; 27-38
2450-6974
Pojawia się w:
Polish Cartographical Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on the X-ray wavelength division multiplexing technology for blackout region communication
Autorzy:
Li, Yao
Su, Tong
Sheng, Lizhi
Xu, Neng
Zhao, Baosheng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835966.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
X-ray communication
plasma sheath
wavelength division multiplexing
Opis:
After the concept of X-ray communication was proposed, its application in complex electromagnetic environment has received more attention, such as data transmission in re-enter special electro-magnetic condition. In this article, a new type of X-ray source was introduced firstly, which was expected to generate multiple characteristic lines and achieve wavelength division multiplexing technology in X-ray band. Then an experimental platform was built for analyzing transmission characteristics of X-ray photon in various plasma media. Finally, the calculation model for a link power equation was given. Experiment results show that transmittance of 8–18 keV X-ray signal is relatively stable, atomic numbers from 29 to 42 are the most suitable materials for wavelength division multiplexing, the X-ray communication system is expected to realize about 200 kbps data transmission rate in adjacent space.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2020, 50, 4; 619-632
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Striving for a restitution of the former splendor? Reasons for municipal splits in Poland
Autorzy:
Łukomska, Julita
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1069056.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
Territorial reforms
local government
fragmentation
territorial division
Polska
Opis:
Shaping the administrative division of the country is influenced by various factors. Based on the analysis of 22 municipal divorces in Poland between 1995 and 2019 the article attempts to identify the determinant factors of these splits. The article examines environmental (economic or cultural) and political factors which may stimulate the fragmentation initiatives. The results indicate that in Poland cultural factors appear to be at least as important as economic ones. An argument of great significance in the process of a new municipality creation (both in the case of successful and unsuccessful splits) was the memory of the inhabitants about the time when they were operating as a separate municipality. In case of rural municipalities the existence of a second almost equally important population centre in the municipality was an important factor contributing to the municipal splits.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2021, 25, 1; 71-81
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quaternionic division by zero is implemented as multiplication by infinity in 4D hyperspace
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1156640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Quaternionic division by zero
multiplication by infinity
multispatiality
Opis:
Quaternionic division by zero is implemented as an algebraic multiplication by infinity performed in a 4D multispatial hyperspace. The operation is shown to be possible when it is executed within abstract multispatial hyperspace comprising several pairs of quasigeometric spaces (or quasispatial structures), which are paired as primary and its dual reciprocal space.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 94, 2; 190-216
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Role of Experts in a Democratic Society
Autorzy:
Cerovac, Ivan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/954198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pro Scientia Publica
Tematy:
division of epistemic labor
Expertism
Epistemic democracy
Authority
Opis:
Democratic procedures are characterized by the equal status of all citizens participating in the decision-making process. This procedural fairness represents one of the central aspects of democracy's legitimacy-generating potential and should not be rejected or weakened. However, citizens specialize in different areas and inevitably some citizens become more competent (i.e. become experts) regarding some political issues. Democratic procedure would loose much of its appeal if it would be unable to take advantage of the experts' knowledge. In this paper I follow Kitcher and Christiano in embracing a form of division of epistemic (and political) labour - citizens and their political representatives should deliberate and set aims the political community is to pursue, while experts and policy-makers should devise means (laws, public policies and political decisions) needed to achieve the aims set by citizens. However, citizens should not blindly trust the experts - their epistemic authority is derivative and social and academic networks and structures should be employed in order to enable citizens to assess and evaluate experts' competence, but experts' impartiality regarding the issue at hand as well. Consequently, the process should not be unidirectional: experts should be able to help citizens select feasible and coherent aims, while citizens should be able to help experts in creating policies and decisions. Deliberative democracy is an appropriate political setting for this kind of bidirectional communication.
Źródło:
Journal of Education Culture and Society; 2016, 7, 2; 75-88
2081-1640
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Education Culture and Society
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ŚWIECKA I KOŚCIELNA PRZYNALEŻNOŚĆ ADMINISTRACYJNA PARAFII KORCZEW
SECULAR AND ECCLESIASTICAL ADMINISTRATIVE AFFILIATION OF THE KORCZEW PARISH
Autorzy:
Sztandera, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/510332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Korczew
administrative division
change of borders
church administration
Opis:
The parish of Korczew was probably established as early as in the 13th century. Over the several centuries of its existence it often changed its administrative jurisdiction, both secular and ecclesiastical. In the secular administrative system, until the Partitioning of Poland it belonged to Sieradz voivodeship. The greatest changes took place after II Partition of Poland in 1973 in the Prussian sector and after the creation of the Congress Kingdom of Poland in 1815, when Korczew parish found itself in the Russion sector. At that time it belonged to Kalisz voivodeship, renamed in 1837 as gubernya. Since the end of World War I (except for the years 1975–1998, when it belonged to Sieradz voivodeship) it has been part of Łódź voivodeship. In the church administration system, the main change was in 1818, when it left Gniezno archdiocese and was incorporated in Włocławek diocese, to which it belongs to this day.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Szadkowski; 2015, 15; 237-245
1643-0700
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Szadkowski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How important is the role of national division and experience on water polo players’ levels of anxiety and aggression?
Autorzy:
Bebetsos, Evangelos
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2127839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
CAAS
sport experience
anger
National division
CSAI-2
Opis:
Theory and practice of sport psychology suggest that emotional and behavioral states of anxiety and aggression both affect athletic performance. The aim of the present study was the investigation of possible differentiation among water-polo male and female players according to their anxiety, anger and aggression levels. The sample consisted of 225 players (120 men, 105 women), between the ages of 17–39 years old. They completed the Greek versions of the: (a) CSAI-2, and (b) CAAS instruments. Results revealed differences among almost all questionnaire variables, between sport (athletic) experience’ groups. Finally, male athletes of the 2nd national division identified greater levels of anger and aggression in comparison to all other division groups. Overall, results shine some light on facets that play an important role and can affect the athletic performance of water-polo players.
Źródło:
Polish Psychological Bulletin; 2018, 49, 3; 360-364
0079-2993
Pojawia się w:
Polish Psychological Bulletin
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podział władzy w Republice Cypryjskiej pomiędzy społeczność grecką i turecką jako prawnoustrojowa odpowiedź państwa na jego strukturę etniczną
The Division of Power in the Republic of Cyprus Between the Greek and Turkish Communities as a Constitutional Response of the State to its Ethnic Structure
Autorzy:
Wereszko, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074723.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Cyprus
division of power
Republic of Cyprus
multinational state
ethnic division
podział władzy
Republika Cypryjska
państwo wielonarodowe
Cypr
podziały etniczne
Opis:
The ethnic structure of the state is one of the factors that can shape its system and result in the adoption of various specific legal mechanisms. The aim of this article is to present, on the example of the Republic of Cyprus, an unusual legal system solution consisting in the proportional division of power, i.e. positions and offices in the state, between the dominant ethnic groups. The analysis will concern selected provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Cyprus, which refer to the Greek and Turkish communities living in Cyprus and regulate the level and manner of their participation in exercising power in the state. The uniqueness of the constitutional solutions adopted in Cyprus will be emphasized, which, in order to ensure the unity of the state and constitute significant guarantees for ethnic groups, may in practice, however, turn out to be non- -functional or lead to distortions.
Struktura etniczna państwa jest jednym z czynników mogących kształtować jego ustrój i skutkować przyjmowaniem różnych specyficznych mechanizmów prawnych. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie na przykładzie Republiki Cypryjskiej nietypowego rozwiązania prawnoustrojowego polegającego na proporcjonalnym podziale władzy, tj. stanowisk i urzędów w państwie, pomiędzy dominujące grupy etniczne. Analizie poddane zostaną wybrane postanowienia Konstytucji Republiki Cypryjskiej, które odwołują się do greckiej i tureckiej społeczności zamieszkujących Cypr i regulują poziom oraz sposób ich uczestnictwa w sprawowaniu władzy w państwie. Podkreślona zostanie wyjątkowość przyjętych na Cyprze rozwiązań prawnoustrojowych, które mając zapewnić jedność państwa i stanowić istotne gwarancje dla poszczególnych grup etnicznych, mogą jednak w praktyce okazać się niefunkcjonalne bądź prowadzić do wypaczeń.
Źródło:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego; 2022, 3(67); 237-248
2082-1212
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Społeczno-kulturowe uwarunkowania przedsiębiorczości kobiet w Polsce
Autorzy:
Godowska, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/527852.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
gender
stereotype
women entrepreneurs
division of labour
Polska
Opis:
The aim of the article is to answer the following question: to what extent public perception of women entrepreneurs in Poland is determined by the gender stereotype concerning the division of labour between men and women. High percentage of women entrepreneurs in Poland, together with a positive stereotype of woman entrepreneur may be a sign of a new picture of woman – professionally active and successful – becoming more and more popular and socially acceptable. In the text, the analysis of cultural preconditions for the development of women entrepreneurship is carried out. Based on the results of public opinion surveys and the analysis of the mass media content, the author attempts to construct a social image of woman entrepreneur.
Źródło:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo; 2011, 4; 65-77
1643-8299
2451-0858
Pojawia się w:
Państwo i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Axiomatization of divisor methods and weakly degressive proportionality
Autorzy:
Dniestrzański, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/421295.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
degressive proportionality
fair division
axiomatization of divisor methods
Opis:
The paper analyzes the differences between weakly degressive proportionality and proportional allocations represented by divisor methods. The analysis is accomplished by the axiomatization of divisor methods in line with Balinski and Young.
Źródło:
Didactics of Mathematics; 2017, 14(18); 19-26
1733-7941
Pojawia się w:
Didactics of Mathematics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On a method of obtaining exact fair divisions
Autorzy:
Legut, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne
Tematy:
cake cutting
exact fair division
algorithms
sprawiedliwy podział
Opis:
Let the unit interval I represent a cake to be divided among n players estimating the measurable subsets of I by nonatomic probability n measures. We show a method of obtaining an exact fair division of the cake such that i-th each part has i-th measure equals 1/n for all players.
Źródło:
Mathematica Applicanda; 2018, 46, 2
1730-2668
2299-4009
Pojawia się w:
Mathematica Applicanda
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Algebraic division by zero implemented as quasigeometric multiplication by infinity in real and complex multispatial hyperspaces
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1157424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Division by zero
infinity
multispatial uncertainty principle
multispatiality
Opis:
An unrestricted division by zero implemented as an algebraic multiplication by infinity is feasible within a multispatial hyperspace comprising several quasigeometric spaces.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 92, 2; 171-197
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
NIE dla podziału Mazowsza – negatywne skutki planowanego podziału województwa mazowieckiego z perspektywy środowisk samorządowych, naukowych i mieszkańców
NO to the partition of Mazovia – negative effects of the planned partition of the region from the perspective of the local and regional government, the scientific community and the inhabitants
Autorzy:
Żurawicka, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044230.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Mazowieckie Biuro Planowania Regionalnego w Warszawie
Tematy:
podział administracyjny
województwo mazowieckie
administrative division
Mazovia Region
Opis:
Od wielu lat okresowo dyskutowany jest zamiar podziału administracyjnego województwa mazowieckiego poprzez wyodrębnienie z niego województwa, obejmującego Warszawę i okoliczne powiaty. Dyskusja na ten temat uległa nasileniu w 2020 r. po wypowiedziach przedstawicieli partii rządzącej, zgodnie z którymi ww. podział miałby być przeprowadzony w 2021 r. W artykule przedstawiono najważniejsze negatywne konsekwencje planowanego podziału, wskazywane przez Samorząd Województwa Mazowieckiego i niezależnych autorów ze środowiska naukowego oraz zaprezentowano wyniki badania stanu wiedzy i opinii mieszkańców. Uwzględnione zostały również stanowiska w sprawie zachowania integralności województwa i powstrzymania planów jego podziału, przyjęte przez ponad 110 mazowieckich samorządów, instytucji i organizacji.
Over the years, there have been recurrent discussions of the administrative division of the Mazovia Region by separating Warsaw and the neighboring counties. The discussion has intensified in 2020 after the representatives of the ruling political party declared that the division would be carried out in 2021. The article presents the most important negative consequences of the planned division, as indicated by the Regional Government of Mazovia and independent authors from the scientific community. It also shows the results of research on the inhabitants’ knowledge and opinion. Also taken into account were the positions on preserving the integrity of the region and preventing its division, adopted by over 110 local governments, institutions and organizations.
Źródło:
MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne; 2021, 36; 119-130
1689-4774
Pojawia się w:
MAZOWSZE Studia Regionalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
„Na dalekiej Ukrainie…”. Uwagi o przyczynach i organizacji procesu delimitacji na marginesie książki Mykoły Krykuna Кордони воэєводств правобережнoї України y XVI-XVIII століттях
“In far Ukraine...” Notes on the causes and organization of the delimitation process on the basis of Кордони воэєводств правобережнoї України y XVI-XVIII століттях written by Mykoła Krykun
Autorzy:
Szulc, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018851.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-20
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
Ukraina
historia
podział administracyjny
Ukraine
history
administrative division
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 2017, 108; 437-446
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Should we take sides?: Girard, Mouffe, et al on graceful divisiveness
Autorzy:
Haw, Christopher Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/36799953.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-28
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Naukowe Chrześcijańskiej Akademii Teologicznej w Warszawie
Tematy:
René Girard
Chantal Mouffe
Agonism
Division
Divisiveness
Unity
Opis:
This paper interprets the rhetoric and social phenomena of “taking sides” and “scapegoating” amidst radical societal division. Exploring the social mechanics of unity and division, I visit the work of René Girard and Chantal Mouffe, who offer a lucid ambivalence regarding the dilemma that neutrality is a practical impossibility. And in turning to implications of their shared paradox—that to be genuinely “peaceful” may require graceful divisiveness—I consider cases and theory on nonviolently fomenting conflict. In contrast with certain liberal social theories of transcending division, this paper treats the desire for politics beyond hegemony—or politics without a scapegoat—as something of an eschatological ideal, toward which Girard, Mouffe, and others offer a tension-filled, crypto-Augustinian, agonistic pluralism.
Źródło:
Studia z Teorii Wychowania; 2023, XIV(2 (43)); 97-129
2083-0998
2719-4078
Pojawia się w:
Studia z Teorii Wychowania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finding the Pareto optimal equitable allocation of homogeneous divisible goods among three players
Autorzy:
Dall'Aglio, M.
Di Luca, C.
Milone, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/969068.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
fair division
Pareto optimality
graph theory
adjusted winner procedure
Opis:
We consider the allocation of a finite number of homogeneous divisible items among three players. Under the assumption that each player assigns a positive value to every item, we develop a simple algorithm that returns a Pareto optimal and equitable allocation. This is based on the tight relationship between two geometric objects of fair division: The Individual Pieces Set (IPS) and the Radon–Nykodim Set (RNS). The algorithm can be considered as an extension of the Adjusted Winner procedure by Brams and Taylor to the three-player case, without the guarantee of envy-freeness.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2017, 27, 3; 35-50
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Franco’s Choice: The Reevaluation of Spain’s Neutrality and Non-Belligerence During the Second World War
Autorzy:
Lénárt, András
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131151.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-07-20
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Spain
Second World War
Neutrality
Non-Belligerence
Blue Division
Opis:
General Francisco Franco established his dictatorship in Spain in 1939 after winning the Civil War fought against the democratic Republican government. The same year, the Second World War broke out. The Caudillo wanted his country to remain neutral, but Spain soon moved forward to the status of non-belligerence: Franco backed Mussolini and Hitler on the level of propaganda, and he also sent voluntary troops to help the Germans, although he also maintained relations with the Allies. Later, the country returned to the status of neutrality. The aim of my article is to highlight the main features of the Spanish attitude and the government’s diplomatic maneuvers between the Axis powers and the Allies, paying special attention to Franco’s possibilities and doubts.
Źródło:
Studia Historyczne; 2022, 63, 1(249); 61-74
0025-1429
Pojawia się w:
Studia Historyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sposób odżywiania Japończyków na podstawie badań ankietowych
The Japanese nourishing pattern based on questionnaire research
Autorzy:
Czech, Natalia
Nowakowska-Zejdel, Ewa
Muc-Wierzgoń, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1039737.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
Tematy:
japończycy
sposób odżywiania
podział produktów
japanese
nourishing
foodstuffs division
Opis:
INTRODUCTION the purpose of the research paper is the evaluation of the Japanese nourishing pattern with consideration of 6 groups foodstuffs division. THE MATERIAL AND THE METHOD the questionnaire research taken into consideration selected products the uptake was carried out among 60 Japanese men residing in Japan permanently. THE RESULTS the frequency of selected products uptake was employed in the evaluation of eating habits in the tested group. CONCLUSIONS 1. The analysis corollas of the selected alimentary products consumed by the Japanese confirms characteristic and different for this group nourishing pattern. 2. Nourishing pattern in the tested group can be acknowledge to comply with proper nourishment commendations. 3. It is worth to use selected parts of Japanese nutrition in Polish diet as an example of proper nutrition.
WSTĘP Celem pracy jest ocena sposobu odżywiania Japończyków, z uwzględnieniem podziału na 6 grup produktów spożywczych. MATERIAŁ I METODY Badania ankietowe uwzględniające spożycia wybranych produktów przeprowadzono wśród 60 Japończyków na stałe zamieszkałych w Japonii. WYNIKI Częstość spożycia wybranych produktów wykorzystano w ocenie nawyków żywieniowych badanej grupy. WNIOSKI 1. Analiza wybranych produktów spożywanych przez Japończyków potwierdza charakterystyczny i odmienny sposób żywienia tej grupy 2. Sposób żywienia badanej grupy można uznać za zgodny z zaleceniami prawidłowego żywienia. 3. Wybrane elementy żywienia Japończyków warto wykorzystać, w miarę możliwości, w diecie Polaków jako przykład prawidłowego żywienia.
Źródło:
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis; 2009, 63, 1; 28-34
1734-025X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena klasyfikacji i typologii benchmarkingu z wykorzystaniem warunków poprawności podziału logicznego pojęć
Assessment of the classification and typology of benchmarking using the conditions of correct logical division of concepts
Autorzy:
Szydełko, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2186004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-16
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
benchmarking
podział logiczny
klasyfikacja
typologia
logical division
classification
typology
Opis:
Liczba rodzajów benchmarkingu przytaczanych w literaturze przedmiotu dowodzi nie tylko dużego zainteresowania badaczy tym zagadnieniem, lecz także nieusystematyzowania zagadnień teoretycznych w obszarze klasyfikacji i typologii benchmarkingu. Podziały benchmarkingu cechuje pewien brak spójności i naruszenie obowiązujących reguł logicznych. Skutkiem tego jest duża liczba jego klasyfikacji i typologii utrudniająca prawidłowe zrozumienie istoty poszczególnych jego rodzajów i wykorzystanie teorii benchmarkingu w praktyce gospodarczej. Celem artykułu było uporządkowanie klasyfikacji i typologii benchmarkingu z zastosowaniem zasad poprawności podziału logicznego pojęć. Wykorzystano dedukcyjne metody pracy naukowej, które pozwoliły na rekonstrukcję wiedzy wywodzącej się z badanej literatury i wyprowadzanie wniosków istotnych do osiągnięcia celu. Ze względu na ograniczenia objętościowe został pokazany mechanizm tworzenia poprawnych podziałów logicznych. Najprostszym podziałem benchmarkingu zapewniającym ex definitione poprawność jest podział dychotomiczny. Opracowano dychotomiczne podziały logiczne benchmarkingu według wybranych kryteriów, tj. podmiotu, branży, przedmiotu, rodzaju danych, stopnia sformalizowania, zewnętrznego wsparcia, częstotliwości oraz relacji między partnerami w benchmarkingu. Biorąc po uwagę dużą liczbę klasyfikacji i typologii benchmarkingu w literaturze przed-miotu, uznano za właściwe wyróżnienie benchmarkingu wewnętrznego i zewnętrznego jako dwóch pod-stawowych klas. Pozostałe rodzaje benchmarkingu mieszczą się w tych dwóch kategoriach. Benchmarking wewnętrzny i zewnętrzny (podzakresy otrzymane w wyniku podziału logicznego według kryterium pod-miotu) można poddać następnym podziałom ze względu na kolejne kryteria podziału, otrzymując wielostopniową klasyfikację lub typologię benchmarkingu. Przedstawione w artykule propozycje uporządkowania zagadnień związanych z rodzajami benchmarkingu mogą przyczynić się do rozwoju teorii benchmarkingu przez kształtowanie prawidłowej wiedzy w tym zakresie.
The number of types and classes of benchmarking cited in the literature proves not only the great interest of researchers in this issue, but also the lack of systematization of theoretical issues in the area of benchmarking classification and typology. The divisions of benchmarking are characterized by a certain inconsistency and violation of the applicable logical rules. As a result, a large number of its classifications and typologies make it difficult to properly understand the essence of its particular types and the use of benchmarking theory in practice. The purpose of this article was to sort out the classification and typology of benchmarking with the use of the principles of correct logical division of concepts. Deductive methods of scientific work were used, which allowed for the reconstruction of knowledge derived from the studied literature and for drawing conclusions relevant to achieving the objective. Due to the article volume limitations, the mechanism of creating correct logical divisions has been shown. The simplest division of benchmarking that ensures correctness ex definitione is a dichotomous one. Dichotomous logical divisions of benchmarking were developed according to selected criteria, i.e. object, industry, subject, type of data, degree of formalization, external support, frequency and relations between partners in benchmarking. Taking into account the large number of benchmarking classifications and typologies in the literature, it was considered appropriate to distinguish internal and external benchmarking as two basic classes. The other types of benchmarking fall into these two categories. Internal and external benchmarking (sub-ranges obtained as a result of a logical division according to the criterion of the object), can be subdivided according to subsequent division criteria, obtaining a multi-level classification or typology of benchmarking. The presented proposals to sort out the issues related to the benchmarking classification and typology may contribute to the development of the benchmarking theory by forming the correct knowledge in this area.
Źródło:
Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania; 2022, 17, 4; 79-90
1896-9380
2719-860X
Pojawia się w:
Nowoczesne Systemy Zarządzania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of hybrid PDM-4QAM-OFDM for inter-satellite/mechatronic telecommunication using FSO system
Autorzy:
Singh, Shivmanmeet
Grewal, Narwant Singh
Kaur, Baljeet
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315699.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
inter-satellite optical wireless communication
IsOWC
mechatronic telecommunication
polarisation division multiplexing-quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
PDM-4QAM-OFDM
Opis:
In this paper, the designing and simulation of 400 Gbps polarisation division multiplexingquadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (PDM- 4QAM-OFDM)-based inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC)/mechatronic telecommunication system for improving the link information carrying capacity was carried out. With quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) encoding, the performance of the executed system has been addressed using metrics such as signal to noise ratio (SNR) and total received power (RP). The performance with suggested system has been examined in relation to the effects of various factors such as operating wavelength, transmission power, and receiving pointing error angle. Moreover, a better identification method for improving connection reach between mechatronic devices/satellites has been revealed in this study. A performance comparison of the proposed system with other implemented approaches has been made in the final step.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2023, 31, 3; art. no. e147036
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Matematicheskaja model dvizhenija vzaimodejjstvujushhikh semjan po naklonnojj vibrirujushhejj poverkhnosti i chislennye metody reshenija sistem kinematicheskikh uravnenijj
Mathematical model of motion of interactive seed on sloping vibrating surface and numeral methods of decision of systems of kinematics equalizations
Autorzy:
Lukjanenko, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/76448.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
seed
division
mathematical model
numerical method
equation
kinematic model
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2013, 15, 7
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quaternionic operational infinity
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Quaternionic descending infinity
division by zero
multiplication by infinity
Opis:
By analogy to the complex analytic representation of infinity that I have already proposed in my prior paper, it is demonstrated here by examples that a hypercomplex representation of infinity can also be conjectured and formulated in a formwise similar way. Unlike the two-dimensional (2D) complex infinity, which holds in 2D spaces equipped with an orthogonal homogeneous algebraic basis, the 4D quaternionic infinity requires an algebraic or quasigeometric basis that would be either heterogenous if established within a single space or, if it would be established upon a quasigeometric multispatial structure then at least two homogeneous bases are needed for the latter structure. In the latter case orthogonality and isometry are preserved. The multispatiality not only conforms to the experimentally confirmed reality of the quantum Cheshire Cat whose grin was located in a separate beam path from the beam path of the cat but also implies the feasibility of prospective mathematical reformulation of the basically complex (and thus essentially 2D) quantum mechanics in terms of certain hypercomplex 4D quasispatial structures under auspices of the multispatial reality paradigm.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 149; 23-35
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Complexification of operational infinity
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031229.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Complexified descending infinity
division by zero
multiplication by infinity
Opis:
It is demonstrated here by examples that infinitesimal descending infinity is formwise analogous to the Cauchy integral formula. Hence the concept of total, twin operational infinity is represented by complex formula combining the real neverending ascending infinity and the imaginary infinitesimal descending infinity, each depicted in separate abstract spaces that appear as dual reciprocal, though.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 148; 60-71
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aspekty konstrukcyjnoprawne podziału nieruchomości
Selected aspects of the division of property as a legal construct
Autorzy:
Truszkiewicz, Zygmunt
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Temida 2
Tematy:
division of property
local land use plan
land property.
Opis:
Space is a joint interest that requires legal protection ensured through administrative (authoritarian) legal instruments. The value of this interest is incalculable, thus the instances of restriction of land ownership are not an infrequent occurrence. The main legal instrument affecting space development is the local land use plan adopted by the competent municipal or rural council. This document underlies a variety of decisions (administrative and judicial) involving land use. One of them is the decision approving the property division plan. The solutions adopted in the plan must be in line with the aforesaid land use document. If the divided property is not covered by a land use plan, the conformity of property division is determined based on the location decision or, if the latter is absent, pursuant to the specific provisions governing land use. Polish regulations on the rules and procedures for property division were laid down as early as in 1928. These rules and procedures have been altered several times ever since. Currently, the effective law is Articles 92–100 of the Act of 21 August 1997 on Property Management (consolidated text: Journal of Laws of 2010, No. 102, item 651 as amended). The measures adopted in the new law differ from previous solutions. By and large, the new regulation stipulates the control of divisions of land lots and not the divisions of larger property that may consist of many lots. This may come as a surprise since the manner of using land property in accordance with the local land use plan or other documents is contingent upon the area and shape of the property rather than the area and shape of a parcel being part of that property. This paper aims to assess the adopted solutions on the division of property against the modifications made and from the viewpoint of legal risks that arise from these new regulations. The currently binding arrangements regarding the division of property have been assessed positively in principle although they narrow the scope of property division control. With regard to the specific regulations, they are not entirely consistent, which is the source of certain legal risks associated with property transactions.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Agraria; 2012, 10; 105-122
1642-0438
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Agraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Differences in technology transfers to China between Europe and Japan
Autorzy:
Mizuno, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/99788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Wrocławska Rada Federacji Stowarzyszeń Naukowo-Technicznych
Tematy:
technology transfer
human resources development
international division of labor
Opis:
This report analyzes technology transfers and education for local engineers within overseas subsidiaries of Japanese and European companies that have advanced into China, and examines differences among them. The local engineers nurtured in overseas subsidiaries of Japanese companies have mid-level skills similar to those of Japanese engineers at a holding company. When Japanese holding companies succeed in fostering local engineers, of course, there is a beneficial effect both for the overseas subsidiary and for the technical enlightenment of local engineers. However, these benefits may also help rivals. In comparison, overseas subsidiaries of European companies foster low-level engineers, and the division of labor with engineers at a holding company is a complementary relation, without duplication.
Źródło:
Journal of Machine Engineering; 2011, 11, 3; 97-110
1895-7595
2391-8071
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Machine Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Shallow Water Experiment of OFDM Underwater Acoustic Communications
Autorzy:
Kochańska, Iwona
Schmidt, Jan H.
Marszal, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
underwater acoustic communications
UAC
orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing
OFDM
Opis:
The large variability of communication properties of underwater acoustic channels, and especially the strongly varying instantaneous conditions in shallow waters, is a challenge for the designers of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) systems. The use of phase modulated signals does not allow reliable data transmission through such a tough communication channel. However, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), being a multi-carrier amplitude and phase modulation technique applied successfully in the latest standards of wireless communications, gives the chance of reliable communication with an acceptable error rate. This paper describes communication tests conducted with the use of a laboratory model of an OFDM data transmission system in a shallow water environment in Wdzydze Lake.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2020, 45, 1; 11-18
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Umowa dzierżawy ceł królewskich podstolego bracławskiego Macieja Józefa Dziembowskiego z 1750 roku
The Division of Property of Late Voivod of Chelmno, Piotr Dzialynski, after his Death in 1675
Autorzy:
Dziembowski, Piotr Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Bernardinum
Tematy:
Dziembowski
Kossowski
dzierżawa
cło
Dzialynski
Olszowski
division of assets
inheritance
Opis:
W Archiwum Państwowym w Poznaniu, znajduje się zbiór dokumentów dotyczący spuścizny po Antonim Kossowskim, podkomorzym nadwornym koronnym i administratorze ceł królewskim. W aktach tych zachował się dokument z 24 listopada 1750 roku dotyczący oddania w dzierżawę ceł królewskich z prowincji mazowieckiej, podlaskiej oraz z komory lubelskiej i sandomierskiej, udzielonej podstolemu bracławskiemu Maciejowi Józefowi Dziembowskiemu. Z kontraktu dowiadujemy się o wysokościach rocznych opłat, sposobie ich płatności i o zaleceniach co do prowadzenia poboru cła.
In the National Archive in Poznan there is a collection of documents related to the Konarzewo land estate. One of its series, The Records of the Families Temporarily in Possession of Konarzewo and the Records of their Estates outside Konarzewo, contains documents concerning the division of assets after the death of Piotr Działynski, a voivod of Chelmno. It was made in Kowalewo on 30 April 1675 between Zygmunt Dzialynski, the voivod of Kalisz, and Marianna Olszowska née Dzialynska, the wife of the chamberlain of Wschowa. The surviving documents provide information on the real property in the total decedent’s estate and on various obligations related to the estate and how they were paid over many years.   
Źródło:
Studia Pelplińskie; 2020, 54; 87-105
0239-4456
Pojawia się w:
Studia Pelplińskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dispersion-compensating en/decoder for a time-spreading/wavelength-hopping optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) system
Autorzy:
Zheng, J.
Wang, R.
Pu, T.
Lu, L.
Fang, T.
Su, Y.
Li, L.
Yang, Q.
Chen, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174365.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM)
fiber Bragg grating (FBG)
dispersion
Opis:
A novel dispersion-compensating fiber Bragg grating (FBG)-based en/decoder is proposed to compensate both the out-band and in-band dispersion in a time-spreading/wavelength-hopping (TS/WH) optical code-division multiplexing (OCDM) system. The experimental realization of such en/decoders only needs a uniform-pitch phase mask and a sub-micrometer precision moving stage. Such an en/decoder pair with the ability of compensating the dispersion of transmission in 20-km single mode fiber (SMF) is simulated and experimentally fabricated. Both the simulation and experimental results show that the decoded pulse can be recovered without any distortion owing to the elimination of dispersion.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2013, 43, 3; 485-495
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Unrestricted division by zero as multiplication by the – reciprocal to zero – infinity
Autorzy:
Czajko, Jakub
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1030823.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Division by zero
multiplication by infinity
paired dual reciprocal spaces
Opis:
It is demonstrated that quite unrestricted operation of conventional division by the real number zero can be implemented via multiplication by the – reciprocal to zero – ascending infinity in paired dual reciprocal spaces, provided that the “real” zero and the infinity are mutually reciprocal (i.e. multiplicatively inverse). Since the infinity is not an absolute concept independent of the particular circumstances in which it is being determined, the value of the setvalued infinity is not fixed but depends on an influence function that is usually applied for evaluation of integral kernels, the operations proposed here are always defined relative to a certain abstract influence function. The conceptual and operational validity of the proposed unrestricted division and multiplication by zero, is authenticated operationally by fairly simple example, using an evaluation of Frullani’s integral.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 145; 180-197
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Boric acid as a protector against paclitaxel genotoxicity
Autorzy:
Turkez, Hasan
Tatar, Abdulgani
Hacımuftuoglu, Ahmet
Ozdemir, Ebru
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040430.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
Tematy:
boric acid
paclitaxel
sister chromatid exchange
micronucleus
nuclear division index
Opis:
Paclitaxel (PAC) is an anticancer drug used for treatments of breast, ovarian and lung cancers. However, little data is available in the literature on its potential genotoxicity on healthy human cells. On the other hand, boron deficiency and supplementation exert important biological effects in human and animal tissues. The biological effects of dietary boron are defined, but its interaction with PAC is not known for therapeutic uses. The aim of the present study was to determine whether boric acid (BA) confer a protection against PAC genotoxicity. After the application of PAC (10 or 20 µg/l) and BA (2.5 or 5 mg/l), the genotoxic effects were assessed by sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) tests in human blood cultures. We also analyzed nuclear division index (NDI) in peripheral lymphocytes. Our results showed that PAC significantly (P<0.05) increased the frequencies of SCEs and the formations of MNs in peripheral lymphocytes as compared to controls. PAC decreased the nuclear division index in lymphocyte cultures. Boric acid did not show cytotoxic or genotoxic effects at the concentrations tested. Furthermore, the PAC-induced increases in the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity indices were diminished by the addition of BA. The present study suggests for the first time that BA can prevent the genotoxicity of PAC on human lymphocytes.
Źródło:
Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2010, 57, 1; 95-97
0001-527X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Biochimica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CDMA wireless system with blind multiuser detector
Autorzy:
Leong, W. Y.
Homer, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/309140.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
code division multiple access
independent component analysis
blind source separation
Opis:
In this paper we present an approach capable of countering the presence of multiple access interference (MAI) in code division multiple access (CDMA) channels. We develop and implement a blind multiuser detector, based on an independent component analysis (ICA) to mitigate both MAI and noise. This algorithm has been utilized in blind source separation (BSS) of unknown sources from their linear mixtures. It can also be used for estimation of the basis vectors of BSS. The aim is to include an ICA algorithm within a wireless receiver in order to reduce the level of interference in CDMA systems. This blind multiuser detector requires less precise knowledge of the channel than does the conventional single-user receiver. The proposed blind multiuser detector is made robust with respect to imprecise knowledge of the received signature waveforms of the user of interest. Several experiments are performed in order to verify the validity of the proposed learning algorithm.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2006, 1; 69-75
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EFFECT OF LEARNER PROFICIENCY LEVELS ON METHODOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS: CASE OF STAD AND WEBQUEST (STADIBTM)
Autorzy:
Awada, Ghada
Burston, Jack
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/955369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej w Lublinie. IATEFL Poland Computer Special Interest Group
Tematy:
Proficiency
second language acquisition
Student Team Achievement Division (STAD)
WebQuest
Opis:
This study set to investigate the critical importance of integrating Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) and WebQuest, STADIBTM for short, on developing the advanced-level argumentative writing skills of L2 English university students. The study employed a pre-post-test comparison of the experimental group (N=54) versus the control group (N=24). The data from the study have been systematically reanalysed to evaluate in detail how the initial learner proficiency levels correlated with improvements in the specific areas covered by the evaluation rubric that guided the collaborative writing activities of experimental group students.
Źródło:
Teaching English with Technology; 2020, 20, 3; 63-84
1642-1027
Pojawia się w:
Teaching English with Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wir sind Halbierte. Die Entdeckung der DDR in der westdeutschen Literatur vor 1989
We are bisected. Discovering the GDR in West German Literature before 1989
Autorzy:
Meier, Albert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/927422.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-04-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Division of Germany
West German literature during the 1980s
Opis:
West German literature has turned its back to the existence of the second German state until the 1980s. Only a few years before the fall of the Berlin wall, three writers started to make the GDR a subject of narration or poetry: Botho Strauß, Peter Schneider and Martin Walser. In different ways, yet unanimously, they complain about the division of Germany dealing with its impact on everyday life and private feelings.
Źródło:
Studia Germanica Posnaniensia; 2016, 37; 201-211
0137-2467
Pojawia się w:
Studia Germanica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opracowanie wydawnictw ciągłych: czasopisma, wydawnictwa zbiorowe
Autorzy:
Flaga, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1043797.pdf
Data publikacji:
1988
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
czasopismo
książka drukowana
podział
biblioteka
journal
print book
division
library
Źródło:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne; 1988, 56; 183-186
0518-3766
2545-3491
Pojawia się w:
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Orthotes and Diairesis of Names. The Question of Method in Prodicus
Orthotes and Diairesis of Names. The Question of Method in Prodicus
Autorzy:
Brancacci, Aldo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/633610.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Prodicus
Gorgias
Democritus
eristic
correctness of names
division of names
Opis:
The question of the method was central in the thought and teaching of Prodicus. We have abundant information on this method but it is, probably, closely connected to various other issues (natural investigations, rhetoric and rhetorical theory, questions concerning the gods, ethics), on which we are less well informed. The right method to solve diverse linguistic problems comprised two moments and not just one as it frequently assumed. Similarly, the terms orthotes and diairesis of names, which appear in the sources, do not designate one single and simple procedure, but rather a double and more complex one, which is reconstructed in this article and whose objectives are clarified.
The question of the method was central in the thought and teaching of Prodicus. We have abundant information on this method but it is, probably, closely connected to various other issues (natural investigations, rhetoric and rhetorical theory, questions concerning the gods, ethics), on which we are less well informed. The right method to solve diverse linguistic problems comprised two moments and not just one as it frequently assumed. Similarly, the terms orthotes and diairesis of names, which appear in the sources, do not designate one single and simple procedure, but rather a double and more complex one, which is reconstructed in this article and whose objectives are clarified.
Źródło:
Peitho. Examina Antiqua; 2017, 8, 1; 173-186
2082-7539
Pojawia się w:
Peitho. Examina Antiqua
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Adam Smith, Commercial Society and the Challenges of Republicanism
Autorzy:
Lis, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/420550.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Akademia Ignatianum w Krakowie
Tematy:
Scottish Enlightenment
Adam Smith
Commercial Society
Republicanism
Division of Labour
Opis:
Research objective: The aim of this article is to examine the challenges Adam Smith’s account of commercial society pose to republicanism. The research problem and methods:  Although I do not dispense with the conventional depiction of Smith as a critic of republics, it is shown that from a republican point of view there are certain aspects in his narrative that can be more interesting Conceptualized in this way, my argumentation is both interpretative and theoretical, describing what Smith had to say on republican issues as well as finding some elements in his considerations that could considerably enrich republican theory. To make these prospects more clearer I briefly refer to some parallels to Smith’s suggestions in the republican thought of the late 18th Century. The process of argumentation:  The article deals in the beginning with Smith’s criticism of republicanism, identifying its core in his general distance towards the ideals of a more ardent citizenry. In the main section it proceeds to the discussion of several elements in Smith’s considerations which could be of some value to republican theorists. Research results: According to Smith, due to their obsoleteness in the times of commercial society, which were characterised especially by the growing importance of private pursuits, republics become difficult to administer. However, one could still use some of his arguments (especially those that can be easily filtered from their doctrinal connotations) to the task of modernizing the republican tradition. Conclusions, innovations and recommendations:   Smith’s considerations could be valuable to all those republican theorists who continued in their efforts to modernize their conception of a republic. Seen in this way, they can be perceived as an interesting reference point in the area of republican theorizing.
Źródło:
Horyzonty Polityki; 2017, 8, 25; 9-28
2082-5897
Pojawia się w:
Horyzonty Polityki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of Filter Characteristics and Optical Signal Parameters on Interchannel Crosstalk
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, A.
Perlicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fiber optics transmission
wavelength division
multiplexing
optical filter
interchannel crosstalk
Opis:
In this paper we present analysis of the influence of filter characteristics of Wavelength Division Multiplexing network components and transmission parameters over inter-channel crosstalk for symmetric and asymmetric transmission. The simulation was carried out for bit rate 10 Gb/s, 40 Gb/sand 100 Gb/s considering the following modulations: DPSK, DQPSK and OOK. The obtained results show that OOK and DQPSK modulation are better than DPSK modulation in terms of crosstalk occurring during the transmission of signals in Wavelength Division Multiplexing systems.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2014, 60, 1; 83-87
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Utilization of the SOA Deep Saturation and Power Averaging Effect to Counteract Intra-Channel Crosstalk in DWDM System
Autorzy:
Dyc, F. M.
Mazurek, P.
Turkiewicz, J. P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308974.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
cross-gain modulation
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
Semiconductor Optical Amplifier
Opis:
The Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) is a key component of cost-effective short/medium range transmission systems. However it can introduce signal distortions. In this paper the authors investigate the possibility to reduce the signal distortions in SOA operating with the multiple wavelength channels. Using numerical simulations the negative influence of the nonlinear effects, namely cross-gain modulation (XGM) and the patterning effect can be reduced in deep SOA saturation regime. The self-healing effect is pronounced for the 4 or more wavelength channels and the transmitted symbol length longer than double of the SOA recovery time.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2014, 2; 22-28
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recent advances in mode converters for a mode division multiplex transmission system
Autorzy:
Memon, A. K.
Chen, K. X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818205.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Elektryków Polskich
Tematy:
integrated optical device
mode converters
mode division multiplex
optical waveguide
Opis:
Adopting mode division multiplex (MDM) technology as the next frontier for optical fiber communication and on-chip optical interconnection systems is becoming very promising because of those remarkable experimental results based on MDM technology to enhance capacity of optical transmission and, hence, making MDM technology an attractive research field. Consequently, in recent years the large number of new optical devices used to control modes, for example, mode converters, mode filters, mode (de)multiplexers, and mode-selective switches, have been developed for MDM applications. This paper presents a review on the recent advances on mode converters, a key component usually used to convert a fundamental mode into a selected high-order mode, and vice versa, at the transmitting and receiving ends in the MDM transmission system. This review focuses on the mode converters based on planar light wave circuit (PLC) technology and various PLC-based mode converters applied to the above two systems and realized with different materials, structures, and technologies. The basic principles and performances of these mode converters are summarized.
Źródło:
Opto-Electronics Review; 2021, 29, 1; 13--32
1230-3402
Pojawia się w:
Opto-Electronics Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Proceedings for the Division of Community Property of Spouses. Following the Amendments to the Code of Civil Procedure Introduced by the Law of July 4, 2019
Postępowanie o podział majątku wspólnego małżonków. Po zmianach w kodeksie postępowania cywilnego wprowadzonych ustawą z dnia 4 lipca 2019 r.
Autorzy:
Śladkowski, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3200753.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-04-03
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Humanitas
Tematy:
procedure
civil
spouse
property
division
procedura
cywilny
małżonek
majątek
podział
Opis:
With the growing number of divorces in Poland, one of the most common types of civil non-trial proceedings is proceedings for the division of community property of spouses. Court-ordered division of community property of spouses usually takes place when the joint holders of rights are unable to agree on issues related to the withdrawal from the joint ownership. If, however, the joint holders of rights agree on the composition of the community property and the manner in which the division is to be carried out, they will, as a rule, enter into an agreement of appropriate content. This method of division is much faster, and also provides more opportunities to do it with a broader consideration of all aspects of the situation of the entities in question. In principle, non-trial proceedings seem to be a simpler category than their procedural counterparts (if only due to the lack of contentious nature of the subject matter of the case itself, for example, the need to divide the community property of the spouses after the cessation of marital property ownership), however, the multiplicity of problems arising in the course of these proceedings makes them of considerable interest to practitioners. One of the most important reforms of civil procedure in recent years, made by the Act of July 04, 2019 amending the Act - Code of Civil Procedure and certain other acts, influenced their actual course. Improving the implementation of the citizen’s right to a court of law has been identified as one of the most important goals of this amendment
Rosnąca liczba rozwodów w Polsce powoduje, że jednym z najczęściej spotykanych typów cywilnych postępowań nieprocesowych jest postępowanie o podział majątku wspólnego małżonków. Sądowy podział majątku wspólnego następuje zwykle wtedy, gdy współuprawnieni nie są w stanie uzgodnić kwestii związanych z wyjściem z łączącej ich wspólności. Jeżeli bowiem podmioty współuprawnione są zgodne co do składu majątku wspólnego oraz sposobu dokonania podziału, to z reguły zawierają stosownej treści umowę. Ten sposób podziału jest znacznie szybszy, a także stwarza większe możliwości dokonania go z uwzględnieniem w szerszym zakresie wszelkich aspektów sytuacji danych podmiotów. I choć, co do zasady, postępowania nieprocesowe wydają się być kategorią prostszą od ich procesowych odpowiedników (chociażby ze względu na brak spornego charakteru samego przedmiotu sprawy, przykładowo konieczności podziału majątku wspólnego małżonków po ustaniu małżeńskiej wspólności majątkowej), mnogość problemów pojawiających się w toku tych postępowań powoduje, że cieszą się one sporym zainteresowaniem praktyków. Nie bez wpływu na ich faktyczny przebieg pozostała jedna z najważniejszych reform postępowania cywilnego ostatnich lat dokonana ustawą z dnia 4 lipca 2019 roku o zmianie ustawy – Kodeks postępowania cywilnego oraz niektórych innych ustaw. Jako jeden z najważniejszych celów tej nowelizacji wskazano poprawę realizacji obywatelskiego prawa do sądu.
Źródło:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa; 2022, 4(XXII); 209-226
1644-9126
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Administracji i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Podział kompetencji między jednostkami samorządu terytorialnego w zakresie planowania i zagospodarowania przestrzennego
Division of competencies among the local government units as regards planning and spatial development
Autorzy:
Jagoda, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/953008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Temida 2
Tematy:
division of competencies
local government units
planning and spatial development
Opis:
The division of planning tasks as regards spatial development among the local government units is defined by the act of the 27th of March 2003 on planning and spatial development. Pursuant to article 3 of this act, the scope of the commune’s own tasks shall comprise shaping and conducting spatial policy located within the commune, including the resolution of the study of determinants and the directions of spatial development and local plans of spatial development (except for internal maritime waters, territorial sea waters and exclusive economic zone and closed territories). On the other hand, the scope of the county self-government tasks shall comprise conducting, within the bounds of its ratione materiae competence, the analyses and studies of spatial development regarding the county area and the issues of its development. Shaping and conducting spatial policy within the area of metropolitan union (metropolitan area) belongs to the tasks of the metropolitan union if such a union was created. However, in a province spatial policy is shaped and conducted by the province self-government, whose tasks comprise the resolution of the spatial development plan of the province.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica Agraria; 2017, 15
1642-0438
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica Agraria
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Left zeroid and right zeroid elements of Γ-semirings
Autorzy:
Marapureddy, Murali Krishna Rao
Kumar, K.R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/48448614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-20
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
left zeroid
right zeroid
idempotent
Γ-semiring
division Γ-semiring
Opis:
In this paper we introduce the notion of a left zeroid and a right zeroid of Γ-semirings. We prove that, a left zeroid of a simple Γ-semiring M is regular if and only if M is a regular Γ-semiring.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2017, 37, 2; 127-136
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cele i skutki rozdwojenia sejmiku podolskiego w 1786 roku
The causes and the effects of the division of the sejmik of Podolia in 1786
Autorzy:
Stroynowski, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1901480.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-29
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Sejmik podolski 1786 r.
rozdwojenie
sejmik of Podolia in 1786
division
Opis:
The division of the sejmik of Podolia in 1786 went beyond the context of a mere struggle for the seats in the assembly. The local activists of the court party decided to divide the sejmik thanks to the appropriate support of the nobility and thanks to the fact that they started its session in a church which did not feature a tradition of holding sessions of an assembly. Despite this violation of the law their sejmik was recognised by the majority in the assembly during the expulsions from the assembly, which was a result of the overwhelming superiority of the supporters of the court. Another result of this violation of the law and customs was such antagonisation of those who participated in sessions that debate could not be brought under control and the session adjourned with the rejection of the bills of the reform of military regulations. Such a result of the division of the Podolia sejm was foreseeable. In this situation a question was made about the aims of the court which must have been significant enough that it was worthwhile to run the risk of the failure of the attempts at a military reform for the sake of the realisation of these aims. An intention to demonstrate before Petersburg the inability tobring the sejm under control in the context of the emergence of a strong opposition could have been an undercurrent of this intention. However, a more likely reason for this was the intention to discredit Prince Adam Czartoryski, whose ideological and cultural activities in Puławy began to endanger the king’s monopoly for propagating the ideas of the Enlightenment in the country. Whereas a permanent result of the division of the session in Kamieniec Podolski, which was unexpected by the court, was the elaboration of the bill of the reform of the regional assemblies by the Potocki family, which was realised until the sessions of the Four‑Year Sejm.
Źródło:
Wieki Stare i Nowe; 2015, 8, 13; 99-114
1899-1556
2353-9739
Pojawia się w:
Wieki Stare i Nowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Socio-economic impact of wetlands: a study based on Navithanveli DS Division
Autorzy:
Nijamir, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1113694.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Navithanveli DS Division
Socio-economy
biodiversity
groundwater recharge
paddy cultivation
wetland
Opis:
The prime objective of this study is to assess the socio-economic impact of wetlands in the study area; the secondary objective is to establish the condition of the wetlands and to propose remedial measures. Primary and secondary data were used for this study. As primary data, we employed direct observation, questionnaire survey and group discussion. As secondary data, we utilized statistical data from Navithanveli DS Division, previous researches and general ecological works. In Navithenveli DS Division, inhabitants are benefitted by wetlands in many ways. Paddy cultivations, vegetable cultivation, small-scale fishing, biodiversity, groundwater recharge, gardening, Tule mat industry and water for domestic usages. Indiscriminate activities of inhabitants, unplanned and improper infrastructure have caused many challenges for the wetlands in the study area. Many remedial measures have been recommended to conserve the wetlands in the study area.
Źródło:
World News of Natural Sciences; 2017, 14; 116-123
2543-5426
Pojawia się w:
World News of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neo-Luddism: Contemporary work and beyond
Neo-luddyzm w perspektywie pracy ludzkiej: dziś i jutro
Autorzy:
Kryszczuk, Maciej
Wenzel, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/961552.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
Tematy:
Neo-Luddism
capitalism
division of labour
neo-luddyzm
kapitalizm
podział pracy
Opis:
Neo-Luddism is based on the belief that modern societies cannot transcend the (capitalist) division of labour and official labour institutions. This paper traces the intellectual sources of Neo-Luddism, proposes a typology, and examines its relevance for studying contemporary work. We differentiate four types of Neo-Luddism. Economic Neo-Luddites (1) act on anti-libertarian instincts and advocate re-agrarisation or reindustrialisation to prevent unemployment and degradation of the community. They are apologists of primeval groups such as the family, nation or religious community, and they postulate reconciling work efficiency with non-economic values and collective life. This attitude is linked in the economic sphere to romantic-pastoral Neo-Luddism (2), associated with environmental movements questioning modern mass production, manifested in fashion for ecology, vegetarianism, and naturalist escapism. The romantic variety may or may not have religious connotations. Furthermore, we distinguish (3) spiritual-ideological Neo-Luddism. This trend is characterized by scepticism toward mainstream science and technology and, broadly, to materialist epistemology. A separate strand is the so-called anarchic Neo-Luddism (4), which directly draws inspiration from the sabotage tactics used by original Luddites. It attacks the state, technology and science (the technosphere) with methods borrowed from the ‘enemy’. Its representatives are anarchoprimitivists, cultural saboteurs, cyberpunk culture, hackers, etc.
Neo-luddyzm wyrasta z przekonania, że współczesne społeczeństwa nie mogą zmienić (kapitalistycznego) podziału pracy i oficjalnych instytucji regulujących tę sferę. W artykule scharakteryzowano intelektualne źródła neo-luddyzmu, zaproponowano typologię i wskazano na jej konsekwencje dla badań współczesnych rynków pracy. Rozróżniamy cztery typy neo-luddyzmu. Ekonomiczni neo-luddyści (1) kierują się odruchami anty-libertariańskimi i opowiadają za reagraryzacją lub reindustrializacją, aby zapobiec bezrobociu i degradacji społeczności. Postawa ta wiąże się w sferze ekonomicznej z neo-luddyzmem romantyczno-pastoralnym (2), związanym z ruchami ekologicznymi kwestionującymi nowoczesną masową produkcję. Przejawia się on w modzie na wegetarianizm i naturalistyczny eskapizm. Odmiana pastoralna może mieć konotacje religijne. Ponadto wyróżniamy (3) neo-luddyzm duchowo-ideologiczny, który tworzą apologeci grup pierwotnych, takich jak rodzina, naród czy wspólnota religijna; nacisk na wydajność działalności gospodarczej proponują zastąpić wartościami poza ekonomicznymi związanymi z życiem zbiorowym lub samorozwojem osobistym. Charakteryzuje się sceptycyzmem wobec głównego nurtu nauki i techniki oraz, ogólnie rzecz biorąc, epistemologii materialistycznej. Osobnym wątkiem jest tak zwany neo-luddyzm anarchistyczny (4), który bezpośrednio czerpie inspirację z taktyki sabotażu stosowanej przez pierwotnych luddystów. Atakuje państwo, technologię i naukę (technosferę) metodami zapożyczonymi od „wroga”. Jego przedstawicielami są np. anarchoprymitywiści, kulturowi sabotażyści, przedstawiciele kultury cyberpunkowej, hakerzy, itp.
Źródło:
Przegląd Socjologiczny; 2017, 66, 4; 45-65
0033-2356
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Socjologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Purchase of property plots parcelled out for roads by the State Treasury or local authorities under the Real Estate Management Act
Nabycie własności działek wydzielanych pod drogi przez Skarb Państwa lub jednostki samorządu terytorialnego na podstawie Ustawy z dnia 21 sierpnia 1997 r. o gospodarce nieruchomościami
Autorzy:
Trembecka, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/386072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
podział nieruchomości
drogi publiczne
division of a real estate
public roads
Opis:
This article deals with the issues related to the acquisition of property rights regarding plots of land parcelled out for roads by the State Treasury and local government units. It also points to the consequences arising during practical applications of vague provisions of law in this regard, illustrated with an example of the area of the city of Cracow.
Artykuł dotyczy zagadnień związanych z nabyciem z mocy prawa przez Skarb Państwa oraz jednostki samorządu terytorialnego działek wydzielanych w ramach podziałów geodezyjnych pod drogi. Wskazuje również na problemy pojawiające się przy praktycznym stosowaniu nieprecyzyjnych przepisów prawnych w tym zakresie na przykładzie terenu miasta Krakowa.
Źródło:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2010, 4, 1/1; 145-152
1898-1135
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regionalizacja tektoniczna Polski : uwagi krytyczne i polemiczne
Autorzy:
Narkiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074967.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
regionalizacja tektoniczna
podział tektoniczny
Polska
tectonic regionalization
division of tectonic
Polska
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2012, 60, 9; 485--489
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of fuel dose division on the emission of toxic components in the car Diesel engine exhaust gas
Autorzy:
Pietras, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259658.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
exhaust opacity
exhaust emissions
diesel engine
common rail
fuel dose division
Opis:
The article discusses the effect of fuel dose division in the Diesel engine on smoke opacity and composition of the emitted exhaust gas. The research activities reported in the article include experimental examination of a small Diesel engine with Common Rail type supply system. The tests were performed on the engine test bed equipped with an automatic data acquisition system which recorded all basic operating and control parameters of the engine, and smoke opacity and composition of the exhaust gas. The parameters measured during the engine tests also included the indicated pressure and the acoustic pressure. The tests were performed following the pre-established procedure in which 9 engine operation points were defined for three rotational speeds: 1500, 2500 and 3500 rpm, and three load levels: 25, 40 and 75 Nm. At each point, the measurements were performed for 7 different forms of fuel dose injection, which were: the undivided dose, the dose divided into two or three parts, and three different injection advance angles for the undivided dose and that divided into two parts. The discussion of the obtained results includes graphical presentation of contests of hydrocarbons, carbon oxide, and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas, and its smoke opacity. The presented analyses referred to two selected cases, out of nine examined engine operation points. In these cases the fuel dose was divided into three parts and injected at the factory set control parameters. The examination has revealed a significant effect of fuel dose division on the engine efficiency, and on the smoke opacity and composition of the exhaust gas, in particular the content of nitrogen oxides. Within the range of low loads and rotational speeds, dividing the fuel dose into three parts clearly improves the overall engine efficiency and significantly decreases the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas. Moreover, it slightly decreases the contents of hydrocarbons and carbon oxide. In the experiment the contents of nitrogen oxides markedly increased with the increasing injection advance angle for the undivided dose and that divided into two parts. This, in turn, led to the decrease of the contents of hydrocarbons and carbon oxide. Fuel dose division into two and three parts leads to the increase of smoke opacity of the exhaust gas, compared to the undivided dose.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2016, 3; 58-63
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Shia armed groups and the future of Iraq
Autorzy:
Rached, Kardo Karim
Bali, Ahmed Omar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576353.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-20
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
Iraq
Shia armed groups
Sectarian division
ISIS and New Middle East
Opis:
In this article, we try to identify the impact of the Shia militias in Iraq on the future of this country. We maintain that these armed groups will be a destabilising factor for Iraq and its neighbours, and they will worsen and deepen the sectarian division in the Middle East. We assess these different groups from different perspectives, for example, using the Weberian theory that the state is the only entity that has a monopoly of violence, Ariel Ahram’s model of state-sponsored and government-sponsored militias, and finally the devolution of violence to these armed groups.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2018, 19, 2; 39-53
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problem granic trzynastowiecznych kasztelanii górnośląskich na przykładzie księstwa opolskiego. Próba bilansu
Autorzy:
Woźny, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Historycznych i Pedagogicznych. Instytut Historyczny
Tematy:
castellany
territorial division
Duchy of Opole
Liber fundationis episcopatus Vratislaviensis
historiography
Opis:
The article aims to summarize the research on the problem of borders of the castellanies within the Duchy of Opole at the end of the 13th conducted so far. The author presents the most important conclusions stemming from the discussion in historiography, and analyzes which of the attempts and methods of outlining these borders have been proven false. The previous research supports the opinion that in light of the current state of knowledge on sources, these borders cannot be precisely established.
Źródło:
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka; 2022, 77, 1; 5-32
0037-7511
2658-2082
Pojawia się w:
Śląski Kwartalnik Historyczny Sobótka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
KSP Polonia Warszawa’s Financial Problems – Analysis of Liquidity and Debt
Autorzy:
Marcinkowska, Elżbieta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/475077.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Fundacja Upowszechniająca Wiedzę i Naukę Cognitione
Tematy:
sports club
KSP Polonia Warszawa
financial problems
football division
liquidity
debt
Opis:
Financial liquidity is one of the most important areas of running business operations. Each entity must keep it at an adequate level. Lack of financial liquidity is the main factor leading to bankruptcy of companies. The analysis of liquidity and debt verifies the ability of an entity to pay current liabilities and also confirms the company’s ability to survive on the market. Based on the results of the analysis of liquidity and debt the management should therefore prepare liquidity management strategy. The article is based on the available financial statements of KSP Polonia Warszawa Sportowa Spółka Akcyjna and presents an analysis of its liquidity and debt. The results of this analysis for years 2008-2010were very alarming and indicative of the upcoming bankruptcy of the club. In July this year, an application was filed with the court confirming insolvency of the club and, by virtue of a decision issued by PZPN (Polish Football Association), Polonia Warszawa, so far playing in the Ekstraklasa (Polish top division), will start the next season in the 4th division. It will take the club many years to regain its position.
Źródło:
Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation; 2013, 9, 1; 135-155
2299-7075
2299-7326
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on stimulation of protoplast development in vitro
Autorzy:
Grzebelus, E.
Mackowska, K.
Szklarczyk, M.
Jopek, M.
Sniegowska-Swierk, K.
Oleszkiewicz, T.
Moranska, E.
Baranski, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951190.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant protoplast
in vitro development
mitotic division
somatic embryo
protoplast regeneration
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2015, 96, 1
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The present and future of nonlinear optics applications in photonic telecommunication networks
Autorzy:
Marciniak, M.
Kowalewski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308711.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
optical fibre communications
photonic networks
wavelength-division multiplexing
nonlinear optical phenomena
Opis:
A state-of-the art of photonic telecommunication technology is reviewed and possible directions of future developments are outlined. In particular, the impact of nonlinear optical phenomena inherent to silica glass on the transmission performance of wavelength-division multiplexed optical signal through fibres is discussed. Also potential applications of nonlinear photonic devices for the purposes of optical signal processing that is foreseen in future all-optical networks are pointed out.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2000, 1-2; 3-5
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On Karol Wojtyła’s Aristotelian Method Part II Induction and Reduction as Aristotelian Induction (ἐπαγωγή) and Division (διαίρεσις)
Autorzy:
Wagner, Daniel C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2016005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Karol Wojtyła
method
induction
reduction
Aristotle
definition
division
person
act
philosophical anthropology
Opis:
This is the second of a two-part study treating Karol Wojtyła’s Aristotelian methodology. Having presented Aristotle’s method of induction (ἐπαγωγή/epagoge) and analysis (ἀνάλῠσις/analusis) or division (διαίρεσις/diairesis) in Part I, Part II discloses the logical form and force of Wojtyła’s method of induction and reduction as Aristotelian induction and division. Looking primarily to the introduction to The Acting Person, it is shown that Wojtyła utilizes the logical forms of reductio ad impossibile and reasoning on the hypothesis of the end, or effect-cause reasoning, which is special to the life sciences and the power-object model of definition as set down by Aristotle. By use of this Aristotelian methodology, Wojtyła obtains definitive knowledge of the human person that is necessary and undeniable: he discloses the εἶδος (eidos) or species of the person in the Aristotelian, Thomistic, and Phenomenological sense of the term.
Źródło:
Philosophy and Canon Law; 2021, 7, 2; 1-27
2450-4955
2451-2141
Pojawia się w:
Philosophy and Canon Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
POLSKIE NAZWY MIEJSCOWOŚCI Z SUFIKSEM -at-ka
POLISH OIKOMYMS WITH THE SUFFIX -at-ka
Autorzy:
Jakus-Borkowa, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/971838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-12-29
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
Tematy:
ojkonim
ojkosufiks
podział morfematyczny
sufiksy rozwinięte
oikonym
oikosuffix
morphological division
extended suffixes
Opis:
The article analyses Polish oikonyms ending in -atka, discussing whether this ending is a suffix, i.e. -at-ka, or simply appears to be one. Based on the method of morphological division, the findings suggest the existence of two distinctive groups of oikonyms: those with the suffix -at-ka, and those with three extended variants of this suffix: -ow-at-ka, -aw-at-ka and -ew-at-ka.
Źródło:
Onomastica; 2017, 61/2; 209-302
0078-4648
Pojawia się w:
Onomastica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Raman Polarization Pulling and Amplification for Polarization Division Multiplexing Transmission System
Autorzy:
Perlicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/963829.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fiber optics transmission
light polarization
polarization division multiplexing
Raman scattering
polarization pulling
Opis:
The numerical modelling of the Raman polarization attraction and amplification process in the telecommunication band around 1550 nm is presented. The possibility of achieving both polarization pulling and amplification in Polarization Division Multiplexing transmission system by exploiting the polarization dependence of stimulated Raman scattering is investigated. The acceptable crosstalk for the Polarization Division Multiplexing transmission systems was achieved for some attraction/amplification block parameters.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2011, 57, 4; 519-522
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ODRODZENIE KOŚCIOŁA KATOLICKIEGO W KAZACHSTANIE.HISTORIA, RELACJI Z PAŃSTWEM
REBIRTH OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN KAZAKHSTAN. A STORY OF THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE CHURCH AND THE STATE
Autorzy:
Panto, Dmitriy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/418665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych
Tematy:
Roman Catholic Church in Kazakhstan
religious minority
administrative division of a Church
Opis:
The paper is concerned with the reconstruction of the Roman Catholic Church in Kazakhstan. The author describes the situation of the Church after Kazakhstan declared independence, the Church-State relations, the administrative organization of local Catholic hierarchy, and the common problems faced by Catholics living in Kazakhstan. The author makes an attempt to predict the future development of Catholicism in Kazakhstan. Nowadays the number of Catholics in Kazakhstan is almost 190,000, and they constitute a religious minority. The paper is based on archival records, personal recollections as well as author’s personal experience.
Źródło:
Colloquium; 2015, 7, 4; 185-200
2081-3813
2658-0365
Pojawia się w:
Colloquium
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Elementy lokalnej polityki i strategii bezpieczeństwa
Autorzy:
Rogulski, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/373421.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Centrum Naukowo-Badawcze Ochrony Przeciwpożarowej im. Józefa Tuliszkowskiego
Tematy:
zarządzanie bezpieczeństwem
podział
kompetencje
administracja publiczna
safety management
division
competence
public administration
Opis:
Autor sygnalizuje w artykule problematykę związaną z zagadnieniem wpływu decentralizacji i dekoncentracji kompetencji na poziom bezpieczeństwa. Artykuł zawiera wprowadzenie do modelu zarzadzania bezpieczeństwem w ujęciu lokalnym oraz relacje katastrofa - postęp.
The author indicates problems connected with influence of decentralization and deconcentration of competences on safety level. The article contains introduction to safety management model from the local point of view and relations the disaster – the development.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza; 2006, 2/4; 15-21
1895-8443
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo i Technika Pożarnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New trends in the changes of administrative boundaries in Poland
Nowe trendy zmian granic administracyjnych w Polsce
Autorzy:
Kociuba, Dagmara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1892073.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
border changes
administrative boundaries
territorial reform
administrative division
commune
county
voivodeship
Polska
Opis:
The objective of the study is to determine the leading trends in changing administrative boundaries in Poland. Based on 194 Regulations of the Council of Ministers concerning the changes of boundaries and granting city status, which covered a total of 1,383.8 sq. km, multidimensional analyses for the years 2010–2020 were conducted, and their results were referred to territorial reforms in Europe and Poland. The analyses provided the basis for selecting the leading trends, including: (1) the ‘new wave’ of the restitution of city status (from 2018 in the new fast-track mode), resulting in quantitative changes within 3rd-tier units, (2) a significant increase in the area of cities and city counties primarily caused by annexations in suburban zones and establishing new cities, and (3) the politicisation of the process of changing boundaries, especially in the years preceding local government elections. The trend of unit fragmentation observed in the 1990s has disappeared. The initiators of the changes of administrative boundaries are still predominantly local elites and rarely the inhabitants of communes.
Celem pracy jest określenie wiodących trendów zmian granic administracyjnych w Polsce. Na podstawie 194 Rozporządzeń Rady Ministrów dotyczących zmiany granic i nadawania statusu miasta, obejmujących łącznie 1383,8 km2 , przeprowadzono wielowymiarowe analizy na lata 2010-2020, a ich wyniki odniesiono do reform terytorialnych w Europie i w Polsce. Analizy te stanowiły podstawę do wyboru wiodących trendów, w tym: 1) "nowej fali" przywracania statusu miasta (od 2018 r. w nowym trybie przyspieszonym), która spowodowała zmiany ilościowe w jednostkach III rzędu, 2) znaczny wzrost powierzchni miast i powiatów miejskich spowodowany głównie aneksjami w strefach podmiejskich, 3) upolitycznienie procesu zmian granic, zwłaszcza w latach poprzedzających wybory samorządowe. Zanikła tendencja fragmentacji jednostek obserwowana w latach 90. Inicjatorami zmian granic nadal są głównie lokalne elity, rzadko mieszkańcy gmin. Ponadto zidentyfikowano kilka prawidłowości dotyczących zmian granic w poszczególnych województwach, które wymagają pogłębionych badań.
Źródło:
European Spatial Research and Policy; 2021, 28, 1; 247-264
1231-1952
1896-1525
Pojawia się w:
European Spatial Research and Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gminny podział administracyjny w świetle 25 lat funkcjonowania samorządu terytorialnego w Polsce
The municipal administrative division in the light of 25 years of local government in Poland
Autorzy:
Kaczmarek, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Polska
territorial division
administrative reform
commune
Polska
podział terytorialny
reforma administracyjna
gmina
Opis:
This paper seeks to present the changes in Poland’s territorial division and assess it at the local level (communes). The reference point is provided by the territorial reforms of other EU states, especially those with a three-tier structure, like in Poland. The basic thesis is that the territorial organization of public administration should change so as to keep up with political, economic, social and spatial processes, the latter bearing special importance for this. The paper concludes with recommendations for ways of changing local administrative structures, such as combining, or fusions of urban and rural communes.
Artykuł przedstawia główne zmiany podziału terytorialnego Polski i ich ocenę na poziomie gminnym. Punktem odniesienia są reformy terytorialne w innych krajach UE, szczególnie tych, które podobnie jak Polska posiadają trójstopniową strukturę terytorialną. Podstawową tezą pracy jest stwierdzenie, że organizacja terytorialna administracji publicznej powinna zmieniać się w relacji do rozwoju procesów politycznych, gospodarczych, społecznych i co dla niej szczególnie istotne, także przestrzennych. Artykuł kończą rekomendacje związane z kierunkami przekształceń lokalnych struktur administracyjnych, takich jak łączenie (fuzje) gmin miejskich i wiejskich.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2016, 1; 63-80
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
State Treasury Lands Resources – Selected Remarks on Legal Principles of Administration
Autorzy:
Michał, Możdżeń-Marcinkowski,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/902848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
State Treasury
public lands
law
management
resources
state division
districts
public administration
Opis:
The article concentrates on a brief description of Polish modern law and regulation concerning state land resources as a result of a political system changes in Poland from the 1990s of XX century. I discusses basic regulatory topics as: public administration. and territorial division of the country, instruments and forms of State Treasury lands management, types of state and other public lands resources, main competences and public bodies that are responsible for administering along with the crucial components of the state lands management.
Źródło:
Studia Iuridica; 2016, 68; 197-205
0137-4346
Pojawia się w:
Studia Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Decentralization Reform in Ukraine: Assessment of the Chosen Transformation Model
Autorzy:
Udovychenko, Volodymyr
Melnychuk, Anatoliy
Gnatiuk, Oleksiy
Ostapenko, Pavlo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623769.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
decentralization reform
administrative-territorial division
territorial community
plan for territorial communities formation
Opis:
Ukraine has to reform the spatial organization of power, which involves alteration of the administrative-territorial division in very difficult socio-economic and political conditions. Despite a great interest in the Ukrainian decentralization reform in scientific publications and media, the influence of chosen voluntary consolidation mode on the newly formed territorial communities, including their spatial configuration, economic potential and institutional capability, remains uncovered. Trying to shed some light on the issue, the authors made an attempt to reveal advantages and disadvantages of the selected model of reform on the example of the Perspective Plan of Territorial Communities Formation in Kyiv Region.
Źródło:
European Spatial Research and Policy; 2017, 24, 1; 23-40
1231-1952
1896-1525
Pojawia się w:
European Spatial Research and Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Strategia oraz sprawiedliwy podział w geologiczno-górniczym postępowaniu koncesyjnym - szkic problematyki
Strategy and equitable (fair) division in geological and mining concession proceedings - issue outline
Autorzy:
Krzak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/394161.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
przetarg
aukcja
strategia
koncesja
sprawiedliwy podział
tender
auction
strategy
licence
fair division
Opis:
Ustawa Prawo geologiczne i górnicze z dnia 9 czerwca 2011 r. z późniejszymi zmianami umożliwia, z pewnymi wyłączeniami, ustanowienie użytkowania górniczego w drodze przetargu, w szczególności gdy o jego ustanowienie ubiega się więcej niż jeden podmiot. Także w odniesieniu do złóż węglowodorów wspomniana ustawa stanowi, że udzielenie koncesji na poszukiwanie i rozpoznawanie złoża następuje w wyniku przeprowadzenia postępowania przetargowego. W najbardziej ogólnym stwierdzeniu przetarg jest sposobem wyboru oferty w celu zawarcia konkretnej umowy i sam w sobie jest swoistego rodzaju rozgrywką. Rozgrywką, gdzie z jednej strony negocjowana jest stawka z ogłaszającym przetarg, z drugiej zaś rywalizacja z pozostałymi oferentami weń uczestniczącymi. Pomijając formalne wymogi przetargowe, jego rezultat winien być w jakiś sposób sprawiedliwy, co nie zawsze jest łatwe do osiągnięcia. W referacie, na bazie koncepcji teoriogrowych, zobrazowano strategiczne zachowania biorących udział w przetargu oraz pokazano fundamentalne algorytmy podziału na hipotetycznych, jakkolwiek realistycznych przykładach opartych na geologiczno-górniczej procedurze koncesyjnej.
Geological and Mining Law in Poland permits, subject to certain exceptions, the establishment of the mining usufruct by tender way, in particular where it is applied for more than one entity. The same procedure is also possible with regards to licenses granted to hydrocarbon deposits. In the most general statement, the tender (bargaining) is a method of offering that is selected in order to reach a specific agreement conclusion. From this point of view, it is a kind of gameplay where the rate is negotiated with the announcement of the auction on the one hand, and on the other hand competition with the other bidders participating. Apart from the formal requirements of the tender, its result should be fair in every way, which is not always easy to achieve. In the paper, based on game theory concepts, the strategic behavior of tender participants has been illustrated. Some fundamental algorithms of division were presented in the hypothetical but realistic examples related to geological and mining concession procedures.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN; 2015, 91; 125-133
2080-0819
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Various scenarios of the cell pattern formation in Arabidopsis lateral root
Autorzy:
Bialek, J.
Potocka, I.
Szymanowska-Pulka, J.M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/58191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
cell formation
lateral root
formation
Arabidopsis
cell division
plant organ
plant morphology
Opis:
During lateral root (LR) development a coordinate sequence of cell divisions, accompanied by a change of the organ form takes place. Both the order of anatomical events and morphological features may vary for individual primordia. At early stages of LR primordia development oblique division walls are inserted in cells that are symmetrically located on both sides of the axis of the developing LR primordium, and thereby allow for the protrusion of the LR. We hypothesize that both oblique cell wall insertion and continuous changes in primordium form could be a consequence of a local change in stress distribution in the region of the LR initiation.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2014, 83, 1
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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